CN101988862B - Method for testing service life of rolling bearings - Google Patents
Method for testing service life of rolling bearings Download PDFInfo
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- CN101988862B CN101988862B CN2009101092029A CN200910109202A CN101988862B CN 101988862 B CN101988862 B CN 101988862B CN 2009101092029 A CN2009101092029 A CN 2009101092029A CN 200910109202 A CN200910109202 A CN 200910109202A CN 101988862 B CN101988862 B CN 101988862B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the service life of rolling bearings, which comprises: mounting two rolling bearings to be tested on one optic axis and rotationally supporting the optic axis by using a bearing block on which a supporting bearing is arranged; driving the optic axis to rotate at a constant rotation speed by using a power transmission device; applying a pair of loads which are the same in size and opposite in direction along the radial direction of the optic axis to the bearings to be tested; and recording the failure time of the rolling bearings to be tested and calculating the service life under normal stress level of the tested bearings. According to the technical scheme, the service life of the rolling bearings is tested by applying the loads which are the same in size and opposite in direction along the radial direction of the optic axis to the bearings to be tested, the external forces born by the optic axis in a testing system in the whole test process are almost kept balance, the optic axis hardly bears forces applied by the internal parts of the system, and thus, the operation reliability and service life of the whole test system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rolling bearing aging test field, mainly be applicable to the strenuous test of rolling bearing life and reliability and evaluation fast.
Background technology
Durability test is one of important channel of rolling bearing failure Mechanism, life-span theoretical research and life-span and reliability assessment.As far back as the forties in 20th century, various countries just begin to adopt the development test and the design test of single factor environmental simulation to the design of rolling bearing, are used for the q&r of check bearing design.Then begin to adopt integrated environment simulation fail-test, mission profile test the seventies in 20th century and check and accept simulation test.After this for a long time in these test methods become the main means that ensure the rolling bearing reliability.But because the hysteresis quality of complicacy, Gao Chengmu and the test findings of environmental simulation coupling makes such modelling technique lose certain advantage.
Publication number is that the one Chinese patent application of CN1900674A discloses a kind of rolling bearing life and reliability and reliability intensifying testing machine and test method thereof, comprises load maintainer, test head assembly, lubricating structure, control system and gear train, and test head assembly is provided with test head and test headstock; The test head is installed in the test headstock; The test head is connected with gear train, load maintainer, and control system is connected with gear train, load maintainer, lubricating structure, and gear train provides the test required drive; Load maintainer provides required axial load of test and radial load; Lubricating structure makes test bearing sufficient lubrication under normal circumstances and cooling, operation of control system control apparatus and protection, record test parameters; The ruuning situation of monitoring test, analytical test process and result also carry out Control and Feedback in real time.In the above process of the test; Load maintainer will certainly cause the discontinuity equalization of pilot system when rolling bearing to be measured is loaded radial load; Part system (optical axis installation position) is produced thrust or pressure, damage test macro, thus the serviceable life of having reduced test macro.Mechanism or part that while whole test machine is used are many, have increased the complicacy of system's assembling or test process.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that to overcome in the prior art in the rolling bearing life process of the test test macro local pressure unbalanced and damage; The deficiency that test process is complicated; Test macro stress equalization in a kind of rolling bearing life process of the test is provided, the test method that test process is safe and simple.
Technical matters of the present invention solves through following technical scheme:
A kind of rolling bearing life test method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, with two rolling bearings to be measured be installed on the optical axis and with said optical axis through the rotatable support of the bearing seat that is provided with spring bearing;
Step 2, drive said optical axis through an actuating unit and under constant rotational speed, rotate;
Step 3, give that two bearings to be tested apply that the said optical axis radial dimension in a pair of edge equates, load in the opposite direction and picking up counting;
Step 4, the time when record rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy are also calculated the test bearing life-span under the conventional stress level.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: through above technical scheme; Two test bearings are installed on the optical axis, and gear train drives the optical axis rotation, and a pair of along the optical axis radial dimension equates, load in the opposite direction realizes detecting rolling bearing serviceable life through test bearing is applied; The suffered outer dynamic balance of optical axis in the test macro in the entire test; Almost seldom receive the acting force of internal system parts, improved the functional reliability and the serviceable life of whole test system, and in process of the test, omitted a lot of unnecessary control device and required parts when detecting; Test method is fairly simple; Effectively reduce cost, shortened the digestion period of rolling bearing simultaneously, can effectively improve the verification efficiency of rolling bearing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of rolling bearing testing machine in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the composition structural drawing of embodiment of the invention test macro;
Fig. 3 is the optical axis assembling synoptic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the optical axis assembling synoptic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the invention optical axis force analysis figure;
Fig. 6 is the mechanism principle figure of a kind of embodiment of charger of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below through concrete embodiment and combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 2; The test macro of rolling bearing life test of the present invention comprises optical axis 4, actuating unit 3 and charger 1; Actuating unit 3 is connected with optical axis 4 and can drives optical axis 4 rotations; Optical axis 4 is used to install two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured, will apply a pair of along equal, the in the opposite direction load of optical axis radial dimension in the process of the test to two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured.
Actuating unit 3 is provided with first belt pulley 32, power source 34, second belt pulley 31 and belt 33; Power source 34 can provide the device of power; Like engine, motor etc.; Second belt pulley 31 is fixedly connected with optical axis 4, is preferably second belt pulley 31 and crosses spline with the optical axis four-way and be fixedly connected.First belt pulley 32 is connected with power source 34.Power source 34 can drive 32 rotations of first belt pulley, can give second belt pulley 31 with transmission of power through belt 33, thereby drives optical axis 4 rotations through second belt pulley 31.Wherein, the transmission of power between motor and the optical axis 5 not only can realize through the band transmission, also can realize through the multiple kind of drive, like gear drive, planet wheel transmission, box of tricks transmission etc.
During test, the first step is installed on bearing 5,6 to be measured on the optical axis 4, and optical axis 4 is rotated support, can select the diameter of optical axis 4 according to the size of bearing 5,6 to be measured.Selected optical axis 4 should be interference fit with cooperating of rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured.Preferably; Optical axis 4 is through being arranged on two back shaft seat supports on the platform; Rolling bearing is installed in the bearing seat, and the two ends of optical axis 4 are installed spring bearing 7,8 respectively and are rotated support through supporting seat, therefore; Under the drive of actuating unit 3, optical axis 4 can rotate freely with respect to supporting seat.
Optical axis 4 is used for installing two test bearings 5,6, and preferably, two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured are installed on the centre position of optical axis 4; In conjunction with shown in Figure 3; Be to equal the distance b between rolling bearing 5 to be measured and the spring bearing 7 apart from a between rolling bearing 6 to be measured and the spring bearing 8, and answer spacing one end distance from c between two rolling bearings to be measured, the span of c is preferably 1-3mm; During practical operation; Preferably can between the cylindrical of two test bearing opposite faces, add banking stop, produce friction to prevent rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured from moving axially at the trial, bring certain error for the detection data.
As further improvement, as shown in Figure 4, two rolling bearings to be measured 5, be provided with baffle ring 12 between 6, the axial width of baffle ring 12 is 1-3mm, baffle ring 12 separates rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured.On optical axis 4; Between spring bearing 8 and the rolling bearing to be measured 6, also be with abutment sleeve 11 between spring bearing 7 and the rolling bearing to be measured 5; Two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured are positioned at the centre position of optical axis 4 through abutment sleeve 11; In optical axis 4 high speed rotating, can guarantee the stability of rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured like this, make rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured remain at a position, increase the accuracy of test.
Second step; Driving optical axis 4 through actuating unit 3 rotates under a constant rotational speed; The concrete rotating speed of optical axis 4 can be confirmed according to the speed of bearing real work shaft to be measured; If the speed of rolling bearing real work shaft to be measured is 3000r/min-5000r/min, we will make an experiment as the rotating speed of optical axis 4 with mean value 4000r/min so.The influence of factors such as lubricated, load when considering the rolling bearing real work and limit speed, the test optical axis need be selected suitable rotating speed.The range of speeds of optical axis is preferably 4000-8000r/min.Confirm in the good test behind the optical axis 4 required working speeds, start power source 34 and regulate the rotating speed of power source 34, optical axis 4 is remained under the constant rotational speed turn round.
In the 3rd step, the load that the radial dimension of applying the said optical axis 4 in a pair of edge for two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured is equal, in the opposite direction also picks up counting; In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5; Rolling bearing bearing 5,6 to be measured can load through a hydraulic mechanism; As shown in Figure 5, load for two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured through final realization of the switching of control hydraulic mechanism respective valves through load cylinder 25,26.Load cylinder 25 provides radially test load and loads on the rolling bearing 5 to be measured, and load cylinder 26 provides radially test load and loads on the test bearing 6.Rolling bearing to be measured in the opposite direction and respectively corresponding of radial loaded oil cylinder 25,26; Be load cylinder 25 corresponding rolling bearings 5; Load cylinder 26 corresponding rolling bearings 6, radial loaded oil cylinder 25,26 provide a pair of along optical axis 4 radial dimension equal, in the opposite direction load F1, F2 can for two test bearings.The size of the loading force F1 of load maintainer institute, F2 is confirmed through the size of the environmental load of rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured in real work; If rolling bearing the 5, the 6th promptly to be measured, the actual load that is used in is under the environmental load of 3000N; Hydraulic mechanism 1 load of being applied for test bearing 5,6 should be many times of actual working environment load so; Here be preferably 3-5 doubly, promptly 1 load that load for test bearing 5,6 of hydraulic mechanism is 9000N-15000N.
Load maintainer also can be other chargers, if the device that can realize the loading effect in the prior art all can, like pneumatic means, devices such as lifting jack.
After charger 1 provided load for rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured, optical axis 4 stressed as shown in Figure 6 carried out force analysis to optical axis 4, is fulcrum with o, can get following equation:
F2·(a+c)＝F1·a+F3·(a+b+c)
F1＝F2
Simultaneous can get:
Because,
a+b+c＞＞c
So,
F1＝F2＞＞F3
It is thus clear that; Power between the opposite load of the both direction that hydraulic mechanism applied is cancelled out each other basically; Thereby all on effect and the rolling bearing to be measured; And can optical axis and whole test system not exerted an influence, can not produce the force phenomenon that receives of system unit inside, thus the degree of accuracy and the serviceable life of having improved test macro to a certain extent.
The 4th step, the time when the record test bearing lost efficacy also extrapolate the test bearing life-span under the conventional stress level.Because in process of the test, in order to improve test efficiency, shorten test period, the load that is loaded is 3-5 times of conventional load, therefore need calculate the life-span of rolling bearing under conventional stress according to the rolling bearing out-of-service time of test.Concrete reckoning process can be carried out according to corresponding estimation company and theory, because of concrete reckoning process does not relate to substantial portion of the present invention and is general knowledge known in this field, repeats no more at this.The detection of bearing failure can adopt any technique known means of the prior art to detect; Can adopt the mode of range estimation to carry out in this formula instance; Though there is certain error; But test figure still has certain confidence level, can effectively improve the verification efficiency of rolling bearing life.If find that through range estimation rolling bearing to be measured fatigue crack occurs or produces vibration and noise, judges that promptly rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy.When rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy, time that the record test bearing lost efficacy and the work that stops test macro, the life-span through experimental formula well known in the art or the rational formula test bearing under can the conventional stress level of reckoning place then.
Adopt above scheme; Can realize that the quick aging of rolling bearing is tested through size and optical axis 4 rotating speeds of adjustment imposed load, in the process of the test through applying pair of balanced load; Solved test macro discontinuity equalization in the prior art; Cause the stressed and shortcoming of damage test system of part interior easily, solved low load, long problem of high-revolving traditional bearing life test method cycle simultaneously, with the conventional test compared with techniques; Can collect enough data in the short time, thus the serviceable life of analysis, calculation bearing.And above technical scheme is simple with respect to existing testing equipment, has practiced thrift cost greatly.
Claims (9)
1. rolling bearing life test method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, with two rolling bearings to be measured be installed on the optical axis and with said optical axis through the rotatable support of the bearing seat that is provided with spring bearing, and the spacing of two rolling bearings to be measured is 1-3mm;
Step 2, drive said optical axis through an actuating unit and under constant rotational speed, rotate;
Step 3, give that two rolling bearings to be measured apply that the said optical axis radial dimension in a pair of edge equates, load in the opposite direction and picking up counting;
Step 4, the time when record rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy are also calculated the test bearing life-span under the conventional stress level.
2. test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said two rolling bearings to be measured are installed on the centre position of optical axis.
3. test method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the range of speeds of said optical axis is 4000-8000r/min.
4. test method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said optical axis two ends are through the rotatable support of the bearing seat that is provided with spring bearing.
5. test method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said rolling bearing to be measured positions through rolling bearing to be measured and the abutment sleeve between the spring bearing and the baffle ring between the rolling bearing to be measured that is arranged on the optical axis.
6. test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said two rolling bearings to be measured apply a pair of load along equal, the in the opposite direction load of said optical axis radial dimension through a charger.
7. test method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said charger comprises two load cylinders, and the corresponding respectively rolling bearing to be measured of each load cylinder also can radially load to rolling bearing along optical axis.
8. test method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the size of the load that said charger loads is 3-5 a times of rolling bearing actual working environment load to be measured.
9. test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is that rolling bearing to be measured fatigue crack occurs or produces vibration and noise that said rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101092029A CN101988862B (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2009-07-30 | Method for testing service life of rolling bearings |
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| CN2009101092029A CN101988862B (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2009-07-30 | Method for testing service life of rolling bearings |
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| CN101988862A CN101988862A (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| CN101988862B true CN101988862B (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
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| CN102636348B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2015-07-15 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | High speed bearing tester |
| CN102809487B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-12-03 | 浙江传媒学院 | Mute life testing machine of rolling bearing |
| CN105092246B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2018-02-13 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Rolling bearing assembling training and on-line checking platform |
| CN105224713B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2018-08-21 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of derated design method of aero-engine intershaft bearing |
| CN106969917B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-11-23 | 兰州理工大学 | The load charger of Tribology in Rolling Bearing test |
| CN108318250B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2023-10-31 | 河南科技大学 | Comprehensive testing machine |
| CN109520752A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-26 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Test the reliability test system of wheel |
| CN111780973A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-16 | 安徽朝坤测试设备有限公司 | Device and method for testing full-period service life of rolling bearing |
| CN113139255B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-01 | 河南科技大学 | Method for calculating fatigue life of bearing of ball column combined turntable |
| CN113987668B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2024-05-24 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile engine water pump belt pulley test design method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1180730A1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-09-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-1614 | Method of testing rolling bearings for durability |
| CN86100353A (en) * | 1985-02-20 | 1986-08-20 | 株式会社日立制作所 | The abnormality of sliding bearing and service limits detector thereof |
| CN1900674A (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2007-01-24 | 杭州轴承试验研究中心有限公司 | Reinforced test machine for rolling bearing life and reliability and its test method |
| CN2901291Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-05-16 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | External spherical bearing life test machine |
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2009
- 2009-07-30 CN CN2009101092029A patent/CN101988862B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1180730A1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-09-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-1614 | Method of testing rolling bearings for durability |
| CN86100353A (en) * | 1985-02-20 | 1986-08-20 | 株式会社日立制作所 | The abnormality of sliding bearing and service limits detector thereof |
| CN2901291Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-05-16 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | External spherical bearing life test machine |
| CN1900674A (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2007-01-24 | 杭州轴承试验研究中心有限公司 | Reinforced test machine for rolling bearing life and reliability and its test method |
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Effective date of registration: 20220915 Address after: 311200 Wanxiang Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Wanxiang Qianchao Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518118, Ping Ping Road, Pingshan Town, Longgang District, Guangdong, Shenzhen 3001 Patentee before: BYD Co.,Ltd. |
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