CN101979676B - Method for improving magnetic property of oriented silicon steel through laser scribing - Google Patents

Method for improving magnetic property of oriented silicon steel through laser scribing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101979676B
CN101979676B CN2010105629492A CN201010562949A CN101979676B CN 101979676 B CN101979676 B CN 101979676B CN 2010105629492 A CN2010105629492 A CN 2010105629492A CN 201010562949 A CN201010562949 A CN 201010562949A CN 101979676 B CN101979676 B CN 101979676B
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silicon steel
oriented silicon
steel sheet
wire
laser
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CN101979676A (en
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朱业超
王向欣
毛炯辉
王若平
胡守天
张福斌
林勇
杨皓
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Corp
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Priority to PCT/CN2011/075676 priority patent/WO2012068868A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1277Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the magnetic property of oriented silicon steel through laser scribing. In the method, a plurality of parallel line-shaped or dotted line-shaped grooves are scribed on the surface of an oriented silicon steel sheet subjected to high temperature annealing by adopting laser beam, the inclined angle alpha between each line-shaped or dotted line-shaped groove and the rolling direction of the oriented silicon steel sheet is 78 to 88 DEG, the distance d of adjacent line-shaped or dotted line-shaped grooves along the rolling direction of the oriented silicon steel sheet is 3 to 5 mm, the groove depth h is 15 to 30 mu m, and the groove width b is 50 to 65 mu m. The preferable working parameters of the laser beam are that: the diameter D of a light spot is 7 to 13 mu m, and the peak power density N of an irradiation point is 108 to 109 W/cm<2>. By adopting laser scribing, the plate type of the oriented silicon steel sheet is not damaged and iron loss also can be remarkably reduced, the iron loss reduction effect of the laser scribing cannot disappear after stress relieving annealing at the temperature of 800 DEG C for 2 hours, the lamination factor cannot be reduced, and the magnetic induction basically does not worsen. Meanwhile, the process of the method is simple, the production is easy to control, and the method is particularly suitable for improving the performance of the high-magnetic induction oriented silicon steel sheet, and the oriented silicon steel sheet can be used for a wound iron core transformer and also can be used for a laminated iron core transformer after being treated.

Description

Through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oriented silicon steel manufacturing technology, refer to a kind of particularly through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property.
Background technology
The oriented silicon steel sheet mainly is used as the core material of X-former.The iron loss that reduces the oriented silicon steel sheet can reduce the energy waste in the X-former working process, and this is very important for energy-saving and emission-reduction.The iron loss of oriented silicon steel sheet is made up of magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy-current loss, and eddy-current loss is divided into classical eddy-current loss and unusual eddy-current loss again.Unusual eddy-current loss is the eddy losses that is the basis of moving with neticdomain wall, is directly proportional with the rate travel of neticdomain wall, and under same frequency, the rate travel of neticdomain wall is directly proportional with miles of relative movement, so the magnetic domain width is big more, eddy losses is also big more.Under the power frequency state, unusual eddy-current loss accounts for about half of iron loss, and along with the continuous progress of oriented silicon steel sheet, its shared ratio is also in continuous increase.
In order to reduce unusual eddy-current loss, the general method that reduces oriented silicon steel sheet master farmland width that adopts of scientific research personnel.Japan patent of invention spy opens clear 58-26405 and has proposed a kind ofly to reduce main farmland width, reduce the method for iron loss through laser radiation, produces stress refinement magnetic domain thereby its thermal shocking through laser radiation acts on irradiation area.The defective of this method is that the stress that laser radiation produces disappears through meeting after the stress relief annealing, thereby loses the effect of magnetic domain refinement, and therefore this method is not suitable for the oriented silicon steel sheet as Wound core.The magnetic domain refinement technology that other has some can stand stress relief annealing is suggested; These technology are to introduce wire different with the matrix magnetic permeability or some wire zone in oriented silicon steel sheet Surface Vertical in rolling direction, and its concrete scheme comprises following several types: dentation roll-in trace forms the method (opening clear 63-44804 referring to Japanese patent of invention spy) of linear channel; Form the method (referring to U.S. patent of invention US4750949) in line hole on the surface through chemical etching; Adopt the Q-switch carbon dioxide laser to form the method (opening flat 7-220913) of the groove of forming by a series of hole on the surface referring to Japanese patent of invention spy; Also has the method that forms the heavy solidification layer of fusion through laser radiation on oriented silicon steel sheet surface in addition.
For above-mentioned mechanical impression method, the higher hardness of oriented silicon steel sheet will cause discaling roll just wearing and tearing after using very short time, need frequent maintenance.For above-mentioned chemical etching method, need before etching, apply mask, remove mask after the etching again, its technology is also more complicated than mechanical impression method, and the magnetic strength of oriented silicon steel sheet reduces serious.Form for above-mentioned Q-switch carbon dioxide laser illuminating method with on oriented silicon steel sheet surface for the method for the heavy solidification layer of fusion; Do not safeguard problem frequent, complex process though there are preceding two kinds of methods; But the input of the heat of Q-switch carbon dioxide laser irradiation position is too high, can cause whole oriented silicon steel sheet to produce the deformation of well shape, thereby cause its lamination coefficient to reduce; And the heavy solidification layer of formation fusion is bigger to the plate shape destruction of oriented silicon steel sheet on the surface, and the amplitude that its iron loss reduces is undesirable.
In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned several types of technical schemes exist; Europatent EP0992591 has proposed a kind of method that forms groove through laser radiation on oriented silicon steel sheet two sides; But this method need be controlled at the position deviation of two sides respective grooves in the very little scope, and this is to be difficult to realize in actual production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to provide a kind of through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property.Adopt this method to handle oriented silicon steel and both can avoid template to destroy, can stop magnetic strength to worsen again, can significantly reduce its iron loss after stress relief annealing simultaneously.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention designed passes through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property; Be to adopt laser beam on the oriented silicon steel sheet surface behind the high temperature annealing, to depict some wire that are arranged in parallel or some wire groove; Angle=78~88 of each bar wire or some wire groove and oriented silicon steel sheet rolling direction °; Adjacent wire or some wire groove be along the spacing d=3~5mm of oriented silicon steel sheet rolling direction, gash depth h=15~30 μ m, the groove width b=50~65 μ m of each bar wire or some wire groove.
As preferred version, angle=80~82 of said each bar wire or some wire groove and oriented silicon steel sheet rolling direction °, optimum angle α=80 °.
Further, said each bar wire or the preferable design variable of some wire groove are: gash depth h=18~25 μ m, groove width b=55~65 μ m.
Further, the preferable working parameter of said laser beam is: spot diameter D=7~13 μ m, point of irradiation peak power density N=10 8~10 9W/cm 2, ratio J/V=0.005~0.1 of laser average output power J (W) and laser beam flying LV V (mm/s); Spot diameter D=10 μ m, point of irradiation peak power density N=5 * 10 that said laser beam is best 8W/cm 2, laser average output power J (W) and laser beam flying LV V (mm/s) ratio P/V=0.01~0.03.
The present invention forms wire or the some wire groove that series of parallel is arranged through the laser beam irradiation indentation at the single face of oriented silicon steel sheet; And through reasonable control to spacing, layout angle, especially gash depth and the groove width of these wire or some wire groove; Reached and neither destroyed the purpose that oriented silicon steel sheet template can obviously reduce iron loss again; Its iron loss reduces effect and can not disappear after through 800 ℃ of stress relief annealings, and the lamination coefficient can not reduce yet, and magnetic strength does not worsen basically.Simultaneously, adopt the technology of laser beam irradiation indentation simple, be easy to control in the production.Effectively overcome the existence of existing machinery method and chemical method thus and safeguarded problem frequent, complex process, also efficiently solved destruction template, the iron loss reduction DeGrain of existing laser irradiation existence or produce unmanageable problem.
Below the mechanism of action of technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated: after forming the wire or some wire groove of above-mentioned design angle, spacing, the degree of depth and width through the accurate indentation of laser on oriented silicon steel sheet surface; Can play the effect of blocking-up magnetic flux; Help the generation of free pole; Under tensile effect between parallel wire or some wire groove, free pole is grown up into 180 ° of farmlands, thereby makes magnetic domain fined.Test shows through the present invention handles the formed groove on oriented silicon steel sheet surface, after stress relieving in 800 ℃, 2 hours, also can not disappear.
If the spacing d<3mm of wire or some wire groove; The reduction of the eddy-current loss that the increase of the magnetic hysteresis loss that the lattice defect that is produced by internal stress causes will cause greater than the magnetic domain refinement; The DeGrain that so not only iron loss is reduced also can cause the reduction of magnetic strength.If the spacing d>5mm of wire or some wire groove, the tension stress that is produced will be not enough to form 180 ° of abundant farmlands, and the effect that iron loss reduces is also bad.
Because < 001>direction and the rolling direction of oriented silicon steel sheet have certain inclination angle, therefore 180 ° of farmlands are not to be parallel to rolling direction, but correspondingly with rolling direction certain inclination angle are arranged.Because the magnetic domain refinement is to produce through the tension force between wire or the some wire groove, the tensile direction correspondingly will become certain inclination angle with rolling direction.According to the crystallographic direction of oriented silicon steel sheet, make wire or some wire groove become certain included angle α more to help the indentation effect that obtains with oriented silicon steel sheet rolling direction.If but this angle<78 ° not only are unfavorable for increasing tension force, produce but also have a lot of non-180 ° of farmlands, cause the magnetic of oriented silicon steel sheet to worsen.
The gash depth h and the groove width b of wire or some wire groove also must be controlled in certain scope.If gash depth h<15 μ m or groove width<50 μ m can not produce enough tension stresss, thereby it is undesirable to make the iron loss of oriented silicon steel sheet after stress relief annealing reduce effect.If gash depth h>30 μ m will cause oriented silicon steel sheet template to destroy, the lamination coefficient reduces.If groove width b>65 μ m with producing too much lattice defect, causes magnetic strength to reduce, magnetic hysteresis loss increases, and it is also bad that iron loss reduces effect.
For the wire or the some wire groove that obtain design demand, the working parameter of laser beam is also very important.Optical fiber laser can produce the extremely good continuous laser beam of quality; After the suitable lens focus of focal length; Its spot diameter D can be controlled in the narrow range of 7~13 μ m, has only 1/10th of multimode Nd:YAG laser apparatus, and its point of irradiation peak power density N can reach 10 8~10 9W/cm 2Thereby, can realize the accurate control of gash depth and groove width through the adjusting of laser power and sweep trace speed, be to realize the optimal laser apparatus of the present invention.In addition, the serviceability of optical fiber laser is good, and photoelectric transformation efficiency is high, can significantly reduce the processing and the maintenance cost of oriented silicon steel sheet.
The oriented silicon steel sheet that adopts technical scheme of the present invention to handle can be used for the Wound core X-former, also can be used for the laminated core X-former.Particularly as far as high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet, through laser scored processing its quality of back and class significantly raising is arranged all, compare the market price difference with untreated high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet and reach 356 yuan/ton, 10,000 tons promptly can be enterprise and increase by 3,560,000 yuan of benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that on oriented silicon steel sheet surface, forms wire or some wire groove through laser scored.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is lip-deep wire of a kind of oriented silicon steel sheet in indentation parameter area of the present invention or the electron microscopic pattern synoptic diagram of putting the wire groove.
Fig. 4 is lip-deep wire of a kind of oriented silicon steel sheet outside indentation parameter area of the present invention or the electron microscopic pattern synoptic diagram of putting the wire groove.
Fig. 5 confirms under the situation that for laser scored parameter the iron loss of oriented silicon steel sheet improves percentage ratio and magnetic strength worsens the variation relation synoptic diagram of percentage ratio with wire or some wire groove pitch.
Fig. 6 is that wire or some wire groove pitch confirm under the situation that with the layout angle iron loss of oriented silicon steel sheet is improved the variation relation synoptic diagram of percentage ratio and gash depth and groove width.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further to describe in detail through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property:
Figure is as 1, shown in 2; Delineation is gone up on high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet 1 surface has wire or some wire groove 2; Angle=78~88 of each bar wire or some wire groove 2 and oriented silicon steel sheet 1 rolling direction (the R.D direction shown in the figure) °; Adjacent wire or some wire groove 2 spacing d=3~5mm along oriented silicon steel sheet 1 rolling direction, gash depth h=15~30 μ m, the groove width b=50~65 μ m of each bar wire or some wire groove 2.It is to obtain through following method: the working parameter of laser beam that optical fiber laser is produced is adjusted to following scope: spot diameter D=7~13 μ m, point of irradiation peak power density N=10 8~10 9W/cm 2, be stabilized in spot diameter D=10 μ m, point of irradiation peak power density N=5 * 10 when specifically working 8W/cm 2, laser average output power J (W) and laser beam flying LV V (mm/s) ratio J/V=0.01~0.03.The laser beam that employing is adjusted on 1 surface of the high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet behind the high temperature annealing, depicts wire or some wire groove 2 gets final product.Certainly, also can be behind the high temperature annealing and form indentation on high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet 1 surface of insulating coating, this moment, laser beam can destroy the insulating coating corresponding to wire or some wire groove 2 places.Spacing d, layout angle α, gash depth h and groove width b to wire or some wire groove 2 get different values, can obtain the performance perameter of different high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheets 1, specifically describe as follows.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the lip-deep wire of a kind of high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet or the electron microscopic pattern synoptic diagram of some wire groove 2 in indentation parameter area of the present invention.The spacing d=5mm of this wire or some wire groove 2 and oriented silicon steel sheet 1 rolling direction angle=80 °, adjacent wire or some wire groove 2 can record its gash depth h=18.25 μ m, groove width b=57.64 μ m from this electron microscopic pattern synoptic diagram.Can know that through the actual measurement sample iron loss is improved amplitude, ao P and magnetic strength and worsened amplitude, ao B and be respectively 9.2% and 0.45% after its stress relief annealing.Wherein: iron loss * 100% of the sample that records before Δ P=(iron loss of the sample that records after the iron loss-indentation of the sample that records before the indentation and the annealing)/indentation; Magnetic strength * 100% of the sample that records before Δ B=(magnetic strength of the sample that records before the magnetic strength-indentation of the sample that records after indentation and the annealing)/indentation.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as the lip-deep wire of a kind of high magnetic effect orientating-sensitive sheet or the electron microscopic pattern synoptic diagram of some wire groove 2 outside indentation parameter area of the present invention.The spacing d=5mm of this wire or some wire groove 2 and oriented silicon steel sheet 1 rolling direction angle=80 °, adjacent wire or some wire groove 2 can record its gash depth h=22.51 μ m, groove width b=45.25 μ m from this electron microscopic pattern synoptic diagram.Can know that through the actual measurement sample iron loss is improved amplitude, ao P and magnetic strength and worsened amplitude, ao B and be respectively 5.24% and 0.80% after its stress relief annealing.This shows that when gash depth h and groove width b can not satisfy requirement of the present invention simultaneously, the iron loss that can not get was improved effect.
Be illustrated in figure 5 as spot diameter D=10 μ m, point of irradiation peak power density N=5 * 10 of laser beam 8W/cm 2, angle=80 ° of wire or some wire groove 2 and oriented silicon steel sheet 1 rolling direction, adjacent wire or some wire groove 2 the situation of spacing d=2~6mm under, the iron loss of oriented silicon steel sheet is improved percentage ratio Δ P and magnetic strength and is worsened percentage ratio Δ B with wire or put the variation relation synoptic diagram of wire groove pitch.As can beappreciated from fig. 5: if oriented silicon steel sheet 1 indentation in the scope of the spacing d=3~5mm of adjacent wire that the present invention limits or some wire groove 2; Its iron loss is improved percentage ratio Δ P can reach 7~9%, and magnetic strength worsens percentage ratio Δ B and has only 0.4~0.7%.If exceed the scope indentation of above-mentioned spacing d, then iron loss is improved percentage ratio Δ P and is had only 3~5%, and magnetic strength worsens percentage ratio Δ B and reached 1~2%.
Be illustrated in figure 6 as under the situation of spacing d=5mm of angle=80 ° of wire or some wire groove 2 and oriented silicon steel sheet 1 rolling direction, adjacent wire or some wire groove 2, the iron loss of oriented silicon steel sheet is improved the variation relation synoptic diagram of percentage ratio Δ P and gash depth h and groove width b.As can beappreciated from fig. 6: have only when satisfying gash depth h=15~30 μ m, groove width b=50~65 μ m simultaneously, just can reach good iron loss and reduce effect.When gash depth h and groove width b had one not satisfy desired scope, it is all bad that iron loss is improved effect.

Claims (6)

1. one kind through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property; It is characterized in that: this method is to adopt laser beam on oriented silicon steel sheet (1) surface behind the high temperature annealing, to depict some wire that are arranged in parallel or some wire groove (2); Each bar wire or some wire groove (2) and angle=78~88 of oriented silicon steel sheet (1) rolling direction °; Adjacent wire or some wire groove (2) be along the spacing d=3~5mm of oriented silicon steel sheet (1) rolling direction, gash depth h=15~30 μ m, the groove width b=50~65 μ m of each bar wire or some wire groove (2); The spot diameter D=7 of said laser beam~13 μ m, point of irradiation peak power density N=10 8~10 9W/cm 2, laser average output power J and laser beam flying LV V ratio J/V=0.005~0.1, wherein the unit of laser average output power J is W, the unit of laser beam flying LV V is mm/s.
2. according to claim 1 through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property, it is characterized in that: said each bar wire or some wire groove (2) and angle=80~82 of oriented silicon steel sheet (1) rolling direction °.
3. according to claim 1 through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property, it is characterized in that: said each bar wire or some wire groove (2) and angle=80 of oriented silicon steel sheet (1) rolling direction °.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described, it is characterized in that: gash depth h=18~25 μ m, the groove width b=50~60 μ m of said each bar wire or some wire groove (2) through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described, it is characterized in that: the spot diameter D=10 μ m of said laser beam, point of irradiation peak power density N=5 * 10 through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property 8W/cm 2, laser average output power J and laser beam flying LV V ratio J/V=0.01~0.03, wherein the unit of laser average output power J is W, the unit of laser beam flying LV V is mm/s.
6. according to claim 4 through the laser scored method of improving the oriented silicon steel magnetic property, it is characterized in that: the spot diameter D=10 μ m of said laser beam, point of irradiation peak power density N=5 * 10 8W/cm 2, laser average output power J and laser beam flying LV V ratio J/V=0.01~0.03, wherein the unit of laser average output power J is W, the unit of laser beam flying LV V is mm/s.
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CN101979676B (en) * 2010-11-26 2012-02-08 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Method for improving magnetic property of oriented silicon steel through laser scribing
CN102941413B (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-07-01 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Method for reducing iron loss of oriented silicon steel through multiple times of laser grooving
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CN104673991A (en) * 2014-12-03 2015-06-03 华北电力大学 Method for improving magnetic performance of electrical steel through laser nicking
KR101719231B1 (en) * 2014-12-24 2017-04-04 주식회사 포스코 Grain oriented electical steel sheet and method for manufacturing the same
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