CN101967416A - Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101967416A CN101967416A CN2010105183138A CN201010518313A CN101967416A CN 101967416 A CN101967416 A CN 101967416A CN 2010105183138 A CN2010105183138 A CN 2010105183138A CN 201010518313 A CN201010518313 A CN 201010518313A CN 101967416 A CN101967416 A CN 101967416A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention provides a crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and a preparation method thereof. The solid fuel comprises carbide of crop straw, industrial alcohol and a gelatinizing agent. The method for preparing the solid fuel comprises the following steps of: drying and cutting the crop straw, and charring at the temperature of between 250 and 500 DEG C for 1 to 4 hours to prepare the carbide of the crop straw; mixing 100 weight parts of industrial alcohol and 1 to 5 weight parts of gelatinizing agent to prepare gelatinizing agent-containing alcoholic solution; and sucking the gelatinizing agent-containing alcoholic solution by using the carbide of the crop straw to prepare the crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel. The special pore structure of the carbide of the crop straw and high absorption and storage performance for alcohol fuels are fully utilized, and the solid alcohol fuel has composite combustion characteristics of carbon and alcohol, and has the obvious advantages of low consumption of the gelatinizing agent, stable flame in the combustion process, no collapse or flow, no black smoke, no peculiar smell, long combustion time, little residue, heat-insulation effect, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid alcohol fuel and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of crop material carbide carries pure solid fuel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Solid alcohol is a kind of novel solid fuel, has characteristics such as safe, economic, convenient, attractive in appearance, is widely used in occasions such as catering trade, tourism and field work.In recent years, reported the multiple method for preparing solid alcohol, main difference is the difference of selected jelling agent.At present, employed jelling agent mainly contains natural or synthetic macromolecular compound of higher fatty acid, calcium acetate, derivatived cellulose and other etc., wherein is most widely used with stearic.
The control problem that has the jelling agent addition when preparing solid alcohol usually.If the jelling agent consumption is on the low side, the solid alcohol hardness deficiency that makes, storage, transportation difficulty, combustion processes is easily melted trickling; If the jelling agent large usage quantity, though can increase hardness, prolong combustion time, combustion processes easily produces denser cigarette, flavor, and level of residue increases, and has increased production cost.How to make solid alcohol still have use properties preferably at the jelling agent addition, be a problem that is worth discussion more after a little while.
The efficient Application and Development of crop material also is one of focus of paying close attention to of people always.According to statistics, the stalk output of the annual food crop of China surpasses 600,000,000 t, and only maize straw just accounts for about 40%.In addition, crudefiber crop is because of having plantation wide adaptability, fiber production height, the significant characteristic of ecologic effect, and the dominant crop that has been listed in 2l century is the big area popularizing planting at home and abroad, and only jute, bluish dogbane cultivated area just reached 156.6 ten thousand hm in the world in 2008
2, so the resource of hemp stalk is also very abundant.
Crop material mainly should be used as the raw material of fertilizer, feed, the energy and pulp and paper industry at present, also have a large amount of stalks still to be thrown aside in physical environment, or by open incineration, caused serious waste (the surplus carving of stalk resource, Geng Zengchao. the progress that the agricultural stalk Wood Adhesives from Biomass is utilized. Xibei Forest College's journal, 2010,25 (1): 157～161).Do not appear in the newspapers with the crop material charing and as the research of the carrier that absorbs pure fuel.
In order to make full use of the affluent resources of crop material, it is carried out high-valued comprehensive utilization, in order to overcome many defectives of solid alcohol, develop the solid fuel that a kind of production cost is cheaper, combustionproperty is more excellent simultaneously, have significant practical significance and using value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of with low cost and crop material carbide that combustionproperty is excellent to carry pure solid fuel and preparation method thereof.
A kind of crop material carbide of the present invention carries pure solid fuel, comprises following component:
(1) solid support material: the carbide of crop material;
(2) pure fuel: industrial spirit;
(3) jelling agent.
Wherein said pure fuel and jelling agent are for example following by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
Alcohol fuel: industrial spirit 100 weight parts
Jelling agent: 1～5 weight part.
Described crop material is the stalk of stalk footpath greater than crudefiber crop or the food crop of 1cm.The carbide of described crop material is one or both in bar-shaped, the bulk.
Described jelling agent is higher fatty acid salt, modified natural polymer compound or calcium acetate.
Described higher fatty acid salt is preferably sodium stearate; Described modified natural polymer compound is preferably cellulosic modifier, more preferably cellulose nitrate.
Above-mentioned crop material carbide carry alcohol solid-fuelled concrete preparation process as follows:
The first step, after crop material drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, be heated to 250 ℃～500 ℃ after, insulation charing 1 h～4 h, take out the cooling back, obtains as the carbide of inhaling the solid support material crop material that carries pure fuel;
Second step with the industrial spirit of 100 weight parts, mixed with the jelling agent of 1～5 weight part, obtained containing the spirituous solution of jelling agent;
The 3rd step, the carbide of crop material is put into the spirituous solution that contains jelling agent, make the spirituous solution of the carbide absorption saturation capacity of crop material;
In the 4th step, take out the carbide of inhaling the crop material that has carried the saturation capacity spirituous solution; The spirituous solution that contains jelling agent forms even gel gradually in the hole of crop material carbide, finally obtain the crop material carbide and carry pure solid fuel; Product is packed.
Wherein the condition temperature of step 2 is 10 ℃～90 ℃.
Step 3 is described to make the carbide of crop material absorb the method for the spirituous solution of saturation capacity, comprises that circumfluence method, decompression impregnate method or pressure impregnating method.
The present invention utilizes the cane of crops such as crudefiber crop, corn, Chinese sorghum to have light specific gravity, characteristics that pore is big, after the charing of the first step appropriateness, makes and has the high raw material of wood-charcoal material of inhaling the storage capacity.Bar-shaped and/or block-shape morphology on this carbide material appearance after the segment of maintenance stalk, keep the big pore structure of raw material inherent (as shown in Figure 1) on the microcosmic, can inhale the alcohol that carries 2～15 times of weights of own wt (different different with the plantation level of management and there are differences according to kind difference, the growth site of stalk), be the excellent carrier of pure solid-fuelled ecological environment-friendly type.
Crop material carbide of the present invention carries pure solid fuel, utilize the hole wall of crop material carbide rigidity, relative closure, again in conjunction with a small amount of jelling agent that adds, just can make and inhale storage to be the pure fuel volatility of gel state in the hole of carrier charcoal low, storage stability is good, and the hardness of product is big, the combustion processes flame stabilization, avalanche trickling can not take place, and combustion time is long.
Crop material carbide of the present invention carries pure solid fuel, because charcoal burning smoke-free and tasteless itself, the jelling agent addition is less, so process combustion is smokeless, free from extraneous odour.
Crop material carbide of the present invention carries pure solid fuel, and in the pure fuel afterburnt, the ember of charcoal still can be kept certain heat insulation effect, separates out and also can continue the after-flame heat release attached to the jelling agent on the charcoal.With common solid alcohol ratio, the residue rate is lower, and calorific value is discharged more fully, and has additional heat insulation effect.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention:
Crop material carbide of the present invention carries pure solid fuel, made full use of special pore structure that made crop material carbide has and to the height of the pure fuel performance of attracting deposit, give this solid alcohol fuel and had charcoal and pure compound combustion characteristic concurrently, it is few to have the jelling agent consumption, combustion processes flame stabilization, not avalanche trickling, no black smoke, free from extraneous odour, combustion time is long, residue is few, has remarkable advantages such as heat insulation effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sem photograph (1000 times) of bluish dogbane stalk carbide cross section pore structure.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of bluish dogbane stalk carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
The first step after bluish dogbane stalk drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, is incubated charing 2 h down at 400 ℃, and take out the cooling back, obtains carrier carbon rod and charcoal piece as solid alcohol fuel.
Second step was divided into two parts with the industrial spirit of 500g, and a copy of it is got the stearic acid (being that addition is 2～3%) of 400 g industrial spirit and 10.0 g～15.0 g, and dissolving formation solution 1 refluxes in 60 ℃～75 ℃ ℃ water-baths.Get sodium hydroxide 1.6 g～2.4 g and be dissolved in the 100 g industrial spirit, be made into the alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide.Under backflow, stirring condition,, make the spirituous solution 2 that contains the jelling agent sodium stearate with the alcoholic solution uniform mixing of solution 1 with sodium hydroxide.
The 3rd step, the carrier charcoal is put into spirituous solution 2, continue 10 min～30 min that reflux down in 78 ℃～90 ℃, the intrapore air of carrier charcoal is driven out of, and spirituous solution 2 is inhaled in the carrier charcoal gradually.Stop heating, when treating that material is cooled to 60 ℃ of left and right sides, take out the carrier charcoal that spirituous solution 2 has been carried in saturated suction, place cooling, make spirituous solution 2 in the hole of charcoal, form even gel, obtain bluish dogbane stalk carbide and carry pure solid fuel.Pack.
It is as shown in table 1 to performance in the same old way to carry the solid alcohol that pure solid fuel and no carrier added(NCA) charcoal under equal conditions make by the prepared a kind of bluish dogbane stalk carbide of aforesaid method.
Table 1 bluish dogbane stalk carbide carries pure fuel and in the same old way performance comparison
Annotate: sample quality is 10.0 g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of maize straw carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
The first step after maize straw drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, is incubated charing 4 h down at 250 ℃, and take out the cooling back, obtains the carrier carbon rod as solid alcohol fuel.
In second step, getting 5.0 g～10.0 g(is addition 1～2%) cellulose nitrate in round-bottomed flask, add 500 g industrial spirit, be stirred to fully dissolving under the normal temperature, make the spirituous solution 1 that contains the jelling agent cellulose nitrate.Under agitation continue to add entry 100 g～150 g, reduce the solvability of cellulose nitrate in alcohol, obtain spirituous solution 2.
In the 3rd step, the carrier carbon rod is put into spirituous solution 2.Flask is connected with the water cycle vacuum pump, continuous air extraction, logical atmosphere, bleed again, logical atmosphere several times, inhale the spirituous solution 2 that carries saturation capacity until the carrier carbon rod.
In the 4th step, take out and inhale the carrier carbon rod that has carried saturation capacity spirituous solution 2.Put procedure spirituous solution 2 forms even gel in the hole of carbon rod, promptly obtain the maize straw carbide and carry pure solid fuel.Pack.
The 5th step according to second step, repeated to prepare spirituous solution 2, and the residual alcohol solution 2 after carrying with the charcoal suction then merges, and repeats to prepare the maize straw carbide according to third and fourth step again and carries pure solid fuel.
By aforesaid method, obtain the maize straw carbide that alcohol-charcoal mass ratio is about 2～5:1 and carry pure solid fuel.10 g can reach 13.3 min this solid-fuelled combustion time, ethanol rate of volatilization 0.167 %/min under 0.31%, 30 ℃ of the ash.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Chinese hemp stalk carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
The first step after Chinese hemp stalk drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, is incubated charing 1 h down at 500 ℃, and take out the cooling back, obtains carrier carbon rod and charcoal piece as solid alcohol fuel.
Second step, get industrial spirit 500 g in round-bottomed flask, load onto reflux condensing tube, in hot water bath, be heated to 40 ℃～60 ℃.The saturated acetic acid calcium aqueous solution (solubleness 24.9%) 80 g～100 g that under agitation progressively add 40 ℃ make the spirituous solution that contains the jelling agent calcium acetate.
The 3rd step, carrier carbon rod and charcoal piece are put into spirituous solution, round-bottomed flask is connected with the pneumatics pump, calm the anger continuously, lead to atmosphere, calm the anger again, lead to atmosphere several times, inhale the spirituous solution that carries saturation capacity until the carrier charcoal.
In the 4th step, take out and inhale carrier carbon rod and the charcoal piece that has carried the saturation capacity spirituous solution.Make spirituous solution in the hole of carbon rod and charcoal piece, form even gel gradually in the put procedure, obtain Chinese hemp stalk carbide and carry pure solid fuel.Pack.
By aforesaid method, obtain the Chinese hemp stalk carbide that alcohol-charcoal mass ratio is about 7～12:1 and carry pure solid fuel.10 g can reach 14.5 min this solid-fuelled combustion time, ethanol rate of volatilization 0.189 %/min under 2.67%, 30 ℃ of the ash.
Claims (10)
1. a crop material carbide carries pure solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described crop material carbide carries pure solid fuel and comprises following component:
(1) solid support material: the carbide of crop material;
(2) pure fuel: industrial spirit;
(3) jelling agent.
2. crop material carbide according to claim 1 carries pure solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described pure fuel and jelling agent are for example following by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
Alcohol fuel: industrial spirit 100 weight parts
Jelling agent: 1～5 weight part.
3. crop material carbide according to claim 1 carries pure solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described crop material is the stalk of stalk footpath greater than crudefiber crop or the food crop of 1cm.
4. carry pure solid fuel according to claim 1 or 3 described crop material carbides, it is characterized in that: the carbide of described crop material is one or both in bar-shaped, the bulk.
5. crop material carbide according to claim 1 and 2 carries pure solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described jelling agent is higher fatty acid salt, modified natural polymer compound or calcium acetate.
6. crop material carbide according to claim 5 carries pure solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described higher fatty acid salt is preferably sodium stearate; Described modified natural polymer compound is preferably cellulosic modifier.
7. crop material carbide according to claim 6 carries pure solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described cellulosic modifier is preferably cellulose nitrate.
8. one kind carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method as each described crop material carbide among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: concrete preparation process is as follows:
The first step, after crop material drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, be heated to 250 ℃～500 ℃ after, insulation charing 1 h～4 h, take out the cooling back, obtains as the carbide of inhaling the solid support material crop material that carries pure fuel;
Second step with the industrial spirit of 100 weight parts, mixed with the jelling agent of 1～5 weight part, obtained containing the spirituous solution of jelling agent;
The 3rd step, the carbide of crop material is put into the spirituous solution that contains jelling agent, make the spirituous solution of the carbide absorption saturation capacity of crop material;
In the 4th step, take out the carbide of inhaling the crop material that has carried the saturation capacity spirituous solution; The spirituous solution that contains jelling agent forms even gel gradually in the hole of crop material carbide, finally obtain the crop material carbide and carry pure solid fuel; Product is packed.
9. the crop material carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that: the condition temperature of step 2 is 10 ℃～90 ℃.
10. the crop material carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that: step 3 is described to make the carbide of crop material absorb the method for the spirituous solution of saturation capacity, comprises that circumfluence method, decompression impregnate method or pressure impregnating method.
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| CN 201010518313 CN101967416B (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2010-10-26 | Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN 201010518313 CN101967416B (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2010-10-26 | Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101967416B CN101967416B (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105695021A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-22 | 王成 | Crop straw fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108018105A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 柳州市金升汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
| KR102007973B1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2019-08-06 | 소윤옥 | Gel-type alcohol fuel composition |
| CN110240967A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-17 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of charcoal-alcohol solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019210132A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization, micron grinding and classification |
| US11767474B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2023-09-26 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization and micron grinding and classification for inclusion into master batch polymerization |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201024160Y (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-02-20 | 孙传阳 | Plant stalk coal briquette easy for combustion |
| CN101434882A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-20 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation of poplar quick burning charcoal |
-
2010
- 2010-10-26 CN CN 201010518313 patent/CN101967416B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201024160Y (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-02-20 | 孙传阳 | Plant stalk coal briquette easy for combustion |
| CN101434882A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-20 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation of poplar quick burning charcoal |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105695021A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-22 | 王成 | Crop straw fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108018105A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 柳州市金升汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019210132A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization, micron grinding and classification |
| US10619102B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2020-04-14 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization and micron grinding and classification for inclusion into master batch polymerization |
| US10913900B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-02-09 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization and micron grinding and classification for inclusion into master batch polymerization |
| US10927304B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-02-23 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization and micron grinding and classification for inclusion into master batch polymerization |
| JP2021522153A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-08-30 | トーマス・ジェファーソン・ユニバーシティＴｈｏｍａｓ Ｊｅｆｆｅｒｓｏｎ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ | High temperature carbonization, micron grinding and classification of biochar for inclusion in masterbatch polymerization |
| US11767474B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2023-09-26 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization and micron grinding and classification for inclusion into master batch polymerization |
| JP7461889B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2024-04-04 | トーマス・ジェファーソン・ユニバーシティ | High temperature carbonization, micron grinding and classification of biochar for inclusion in masterbatch polymerization |
| KR102007973B1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2019-08-06 | 소윤옥 | Gel-type alcohol fuel composition |
| CN110240967A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-17 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of charcoal-alcohol solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101967416B (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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