CN101967416B - Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101967416B CN101967416B CN 201010518313 CN201010518313A CN101967416B CN 101967416 B CN101967416 B CN 101967416B CN 201010518313 CN201010518313 CN 201010518313 CN 201010518313 A CN201010518313 A CN 201010518313A CN 101967416 B CN101967416 B CN 101967416B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention provides a crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and a preparation method thereof. The solid fuel comprises carbide of crop straw, industrial alcohol and a gelatinizing agent. The method for preparing the solid fuel comprises the following steps of: drying and cutting the crop straw, and charring at the temperature of between 250 and 500 DEG C for 1 to 4 hours to prepare the carbide of the crop straw; mixing 100 weight parts of industrial alcohol and 1 to 5 weight parts of gelatinizing agent to prepare gelatinizing agent-containing alcoholic solution; and sucking the gelatinizing agent-containing alcoholic solution by using the carbide of the crop straw to prepare the crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel. The special pore structure of the carbide of the crop straw and high absorption and storage performance for alcohol fuels are fully utilized, and the solid alcohol fuel has composite combustion characteristics of carbon and alcohol, and has the obvious advantages of low consumption of the gelatinizing agent, stable flame in the combustion process, no collapse or flow, no black smoke, no peculiar smell, long combustion time, little residue, heat-insulation effect, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid alcohol fuel and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Solid alcohol is a kind of novel solid fuel, has the characteristics such as safe, economic, convenient, attractive in appearance, is widely used in the occasions such as catering trade, tourism and field work.In recent years, reported the multiple method for preparing solid alcohol, main difference is the difference of selected jelling agent.At present, employed jelling agent mainly contains natural or synthetic macromolecular compound of higher fatty acid, calcium acetate, derivatived cellulose and other etc., wherein is most widely used with stearic.
The control problem that has the jelling agent addition when usually preparing solid alcohol.If the jelling agent consumption is on the low side, the solid alcohol hardness that makes is not enough, storage, transportation difficulty, and combustion processes is easily melted trickling; If the jelling agent large usage quantity, though can increase hardness, prolonging burning time, combustion processes easily produces denser cigarette, flavor, and level of residue increases, and has increased production cost.How to make solid alcohol still have preferably use properties when the jelling agent addition is less, be a worth problems to discuss.
It also is one of focus of paying close attention to of people that the Efficient Development of crop material is used always.According to statistics, the stalk output of the annual food crop of China surpasses 600,000,000 t, and only maize straw just accounts for about 40%.In addition, plantation wide adaptability, fiber production are high, the significant characteristic of ecologic effect because having for crudefiber crop, have been listed in the dominant crop spread plantation at home and abroad in 2l century, and only jute, bluish dogbane cultivated area just reached 156.6 ten thousand hm in the world in 2008
2, so the resource of hemp stalk is also very abundant.
Crop material mainly should be used as the raw material of fertilizer, feed, the energy and pulp and paper industry at present, also have a large amount of stalks still to be thrown aside in physical environment, or by open incineration, caused serious waste (the remaining carving of stalk resource, Geng Zengchao. the progress that the agricultural stalk Wood Adhesives from Biomass is utilized. Xibei Forest College's journal, 2010,25 (1): 157～161).Have no report with the crop material charing and as the research of the carrier that absorbs pure fuel.
In order to take full advantage of the affluent resources of crop material, it is carried out high-valued comprehensive utilization, in order to overcome many defectives of solid alcohol, develop the solid fuel that a kind of production cost is cheaper, combustionproperty is more excellent simultaneously, have significant practical significance and using value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of with low cost and crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel that combustionproperty is excellent and preparation method thereof.
A kind of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel of the present invention comprises following component:
(1) solid support material: the carbide of crop material;
(2) pure fuel: industrial spirit;
(3) jelling agent.
Wherein said pure fuel and jelling agent are for example lower by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
Alcohol fuel: industrial spirit 100 weight parts
Jelling agent: 1～5 weight part.
Described crop material is that the stalk footpath is greater than the stalk of crudefiber crop or the food crop of 1cm.The carbide of described crop material is one or both in bar-shaped, the bulk.
Described jelling agent is higher fatty acid salt, modified natural polymer compound or calcium acetate.
Described higher fatty acid salt is preferably sodium stearate; Described modified natural polymer compound is preferably cellulosic modifier, more preferably cellulose nitrate.
The concrete preparation process of above-mentioned crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel is as follows:
After the first step, crop material is dry, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, be heated to 250 ℃～500 ℃ after, insulation charing 1 h～4 h takes out after the cooling, obtains as the carbide of inhaling the solid support material crop material that carries pure fuel;
Second step with the industrial spirit of 100 weight parts, mixes with the jelling agent of 1～5 weight part, obtains containing the spirituous solution of jelling agent;
The 3rd step, the carbide of crop material is put into the spirituous solution that contains jelling agent, make the spirituous solution of the carbide absorption saturation capacity of crop material;
In the 4th step, take out the carbide of inhaling the crop material that has carried the saturation capacity spirituous solution; The spirituous solution that contains jelling agent forms even gel gradually in the hole of crop material carbide, finally obtain crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel; Product is packed.
Wherein the condition temperature of step 2 is 10 ℃～90 ℃.
Step 3 is described to make the carbide of crop material absorb the method for the spirituous solution of saturation capacity, comprises that circumfluence method, decompression impregnate method or pressure impregnating method.
The present invention utilizes the cane of the crops such as crudefiber crop, corn, Chinese sorghum to have light specific gravity, characteristics that pore is large, after the charing of the first step appropriateness, makes and has the high Carbon Materials of inhaling the storage capacity.Bar-shaped and/or block-shape morphology on this carbide material appearance after the segment of maintenance stalk, keep the intrinsic large pore structure (as shown in Figure 1) of raw material on the microcosmic, can inhale the alcohol that carries 2～15 times of weights of own wt (kind according to stalk is different, growth site is different different with the Cultivate administration level and there are differences), be the excellent carrier of pure solid-fuelled ecological environment-friendly type.
Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel of the present invention, utilize the hole wall of crop material carbide rigidity, relative closure, again in conjunction with a small amount of jelling agent that adds, just can make and inhale storage to be the pure fuel volatility of gel state in the hole of carrier charcoal low, storage stability is good, and the hardness of product is large, the combustion processes flame stabilization, avalanche trickling can not occur, and combustion time is long.
Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel of the present invention, because charcoal burning smoke-free and tasteless itself, the jelling agent addition is less, so process combustion is smokeless, free from extraneous odour.
Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel of the present invention, in the pure fuel afterburnt, the ember of charcoal still can be kept certain heat insulation effect, and the jelling agent of separating out and being attached on the charcoal also can continue the after-flame heat release.With common solid alcohol ratio, the residue rate is lower, and calorific value is discharged more fully, and has additional heat insulation effect.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention:
Crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel of the present invention, take full advantage of special pore structure that made crop material carbide has and to the height of the pure fuel performance of attracting deposit, give this solid alcohol fuel and had charcoal and pure compound combustion characteristic concurrently, has the jelling agent consumption few, combustion processes flame stabilization, not avalanche trickling, without black smoke, free from extraneous odour, combustion time is long, residue is few, has the remarkable advantages such as heat insulation effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (1000 times) of bluish dogbane stalk carbide cross section pore structure.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of bluish dogbane stalk carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, after bluish dogbane stalk drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, at 400 ℃ of lower insulation charing 2 h, taking-up obtains carrier carbon rod and charcoal piece as solid alcohol fuel after the cooling.
Second step is divided into two parts with the industrial spirit of 500g, and a copy of it is got the stearic acid (being that addition is 2～3%) of 400 g industrial spirit and 10.0 g～15.0 g, and the dissolving that refluxes in 60 ℃～75 ℃ ℃ water-baths forms solution 1.Get sodium hydroxide 1.6 g～2.4 g and be dissolved in the 100 g industrial spirit, be made into the alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide.Under the condition that refluxes, stirs, solution 1 is evenly mixed with the alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide, make the spirituous solution 2 that contains the jelling agent sodium stearate.
The 3rd step, the carrier charcoal is put into spirituous solution 2, in 78 ℃～90 ℃ lower backflow 10 min～30 min that continue, the intrapore air of carrier charcoal is driven out of, and spirituous solution 2 is inhaled in the carrier charcoal gradually.Stopped heating when treating that material is cooled to 60 ℃ of left and right sides, takes out the carrier charcoal that spirituous solution 2 has been carried in saturated suction, places cooling, makes spirituous solution 2 form even gel in the hole of charcoal, obtains bluish dogbane stalk carbide and carries pure solid fuel.Pack.
The performance of carrying the solid alcohol control sample that pure solid fuel and no carrier added(NCA) charcoal under equal conditions make by the prepared a kind of bluish dogbane stalk carbide of aforesaid method is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 bluish dogbane stalk carbide carries the performance comparison of pure fuel and control sample
Annotate: sample quality is 10.0 g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of maize straw carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, after maize straw drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, at 250 ℃ of lower insulation charing 4 h, taking-up obtains the carrier carbon rod as solid alcohol fuel after the cooling.
Second step, getting 5.0 g～10.0 g(is addition 1～2%) cellulose nitrate in round-bottomed flask, add 500 g industrial spirit, be stirred to fully dissolving under the normal temperature, make the spirituous solution 1 that contains the jelling agent cellulose nitrate.Under agitation continue to add entry 100 g～150 g, reduce the solvability of cellulose nitrate in alcohol, obtain spirituous solution 2.
In the 3rd step, the carrier carbon rod is put into spirituous solution 2.Flask is connected with the water cycle vacuum pump, continuous air extraction, logical atmosphere, bleed again, logical atmosphere several times, until the carrier carbon rod is inhaled the spirituous solution 2 that carries saturation capacity.
In the 4th step, take out and inhale the carrier carbon rod that has carried saturation capacity spirituous solution 2.Put procedure spirituous solution 2 forms even gel in the hole of carbon rod, namely obtain the maize straw carbide and carry pure solid fuel.Pack.
The 5th step according to second step, repeated to prepare spirituous solution 2, and the residual alcohol solution 2 after then carrying with the charcoal suction merges, and repeats to prepare the maize straw carbide according to third and fourth step again and carries pure solid fuel.
By aforesaid method, obtain the maize straw carbide that alcohol-charcoal mass ratio is about 2～5:1 and carry pure solid fuel.10 g can reach 13.3 min this solid-fuelled combustion time, ethanol rate of volatilization 0.167 %/min under 0.31%, 30 ℃ of the ash.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Chinese hemp stalk carbide carries pure solid-fuelled preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, after Chinese hemp stalk drying, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, at 500 ℃ of lower insulation charing 1 h, taking-up obtains carrier carbon rod and charcoal piece as solid alcohol fuel after the cooling.
Second step is got industrial spirit 500 g in round-bottomed flask, loads onto reflux condensing tube, is heated to 40 ℃～60 ℃ in hot water bath.The saturated acetic acid calcium aqueous solution (solubleness 24.9%) 80 g～100 g that under agitation progressively add 40 ℃ make the spirituous solution that contains the jelling agent calcium acetate.
The 3rd step, carrier carbon rod and charcoal piece are put into spirituous solution, round-bottomed flask is connected with air pressure pump, calm the anger continuously, lead to atmosphere, calm the anger again, lead to atmosphere several times, until the carrier charcoal is inhaled the spirituous solution that carries saturation capacity.
In the 4th step, take out and inhale carrier carbon rod and the charcoal piece that has carried the saturation capacity spirituous solution.Make spirituous solution in the hole of carbon rod and charcoal piece, form gradually even gel in the put procedure, obtain Chinese hemp stalk carbide and carry pure solid fuel.Pack.
By aforesaid method, obtain the Chinese hemp stalk carbide that alcohol-charcoal mass ratio is about 7～12:1 and carry pure solid fuel.10 g can reach 14.5 min this solid-fuelled combustion time, ethanol rate of volatilization 0.189 %/min under 2.67%, 30 ℃ of the ash.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel, it is characterized in that: described crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel comprises following component:
(1) solid support material: the carbide of crop material;
(2) pure fuel: industrial spirit;
(3) jelling agent;
Concrete preparation process is as follows:
After the first step, crop material is dry, segment, in the carbonizing apparatus of packing into, be heated to 250 ℃～500 ℃ after, insulation charing 1 h～4 h takes out after the cooling, obtains as the carbide of inhaling the solid support material crop material that carries pure fuel;
Second step with the industrial spirit of 100 weight parts, mixes with the jelling agent of 1～5 weight part, obtains containing the spirituous solution of jelling agent;
The 3rd step, the carbide of crop material is put into the spirituous solution that contains jelling agent, make the spirituous solution of the carbide absorption saturation capacity of crop material;
In the 4th step, take out the carbide of inhaling the crop material that has carried the saturation capacity spirituous solution; The spirituous solution that contains jelling agent forms even gel gradually in the hole of crop material carbide, finally obtain crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel; Product is packed.
2. the preparation method of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pure fuel and jelling agent are for example lower by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
Alcohol fuel: industrial spirit 100 weight parts
Jelling agent: 1～5 weight part.
3. the preparation method of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described crop material is that the stalk footpath is greater than the stalk of crudefiber crop or the food crop of 1cm.
4. it is characterized in that according to claim 1 or the preparation method of 3 described crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuels: the carbide of described crop material is one or both in bar-shaped, the bulk.
5. the preparation method of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described jelling agent is sodium stearate, cellulose nitrate or calcium acetate.
6. the preparation method of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the condition temperature of step 2 is 10 ℃～90 ℃.
7. the preparation method of crop straw carbide alcohol-loaded solid fuel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 3 is described to make the carbide of crop material absorb the method for the spirituous solution of saturation capacity, comprises that circumfluence method, decompression impregnate method or pressure impregnating method.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105695021A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-22 | 王成 | Crop straw fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108018105A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 柳州市金升汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
| KR20210003775A (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-01-12 | 토마스 제퍼슨 유니버시티 | High-temperature carbonization, fine grinding and classification of bio-char |
| US11767474B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2023-09-26 | Thomas Jefferson University | High temperature bio-char carbonization and micron grinding and classification for inclusion into master batch polymerization |
| KR102007973B1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2019-08-06 | 소윤옥 | Gel-type alcohol fuel composition |
| CN110240967A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-17 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of charcoal-alcohol solid fuel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201024160Y (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-02-20 | 孙传阳 | Plant stalk coal briquette easy for combustion |
| CN101434882A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-20 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation of poplar quick burning charcoal |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201024160Y (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-02-20 | 孙传阳 | Plant stalk coal briquette easy for combustion |
| CN101434882A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-20 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation of poplar quick burning charcoal |
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