A kind of Pu'er tea and preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tea product, relating in particular to is a kind of hypoglycemic Pu'er tea that has.
Background technology
In recent years, because the variation of people's production, life and environmental condition, on the one hand be that whole resource is damaged, air, water quality be subjected to pollution in various degree, residual in part vegetables, the fruit have an agricultural chemicals, feed hormone in the part meat fails to decompose fully, increased the weight of the operating pressure of human body toxin expelling organ pancreas greatly, often this causes insulin production quantity not sufficient in the body in the past; Be the significantly raising of social productiveness of labor on the other hand, for society has brought extremely abundant physical product, alleviate simultaneously people's manual labor in a large number, reduced physical demands, accumulating heat in the body increases, cause the insulin consumption to increase, the result of two aspect comprehensive functions is that the incidence of disease of class diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver is significantly increasing.At present, what diabetes had become harm humans health is only second to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, cancer, is to occupy tertiary disease.According to statistics, the incidence of disease of diabetes is 3~5% in the world, and the incidence of disease of China is that the incidence of disease of crowd more than 3.21%, 50 years old is 10%.
Diabetes spp is in endocrine system disease, is because hypoinsulinism in the body, causes the disorderly and disease that causes of sugar, protein and water-electrolyte metabolism, and it directly destroys heart and brain, kidney, eye and nerve fiber organ.Diabetes are divided type 1 diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and diabetes B (type 2 diabetes) and gestational period diabetes (gestational diabetes).Wherein the type 1 diabetes pilosity is born in the teenager, and its insulin secretion lacks, and must rely on insulinize and earn a bare living.During diabetes B is more common in after 30 years old, the elderly, its secretion of insulin amount is not low even also higher, the cause of disease mainly is that body is to insulin insensitivity (being insulin resistance).Gestational period diabetes (gestational diabetes) are the insulin resistances that comes from cell, but its insulin resistance is because the hormone (hormone) of pregnancy women secretion causes.The gestational period, diabetes were usually in minute puerperium self-healing.
Insulin is the interior only hypoglycemic hormone of the health of human pancreas β emiocytosis.Insulin resistance is meant that surrounding tissue is to the sensitiveness reduction of insulin in the body, and tissue is to insulin insensitivity, and peripheral tissues such as muscle, fat promote the effect of glucose uptake that opposing has taken place to insulin.Discover that insulin resistance is prevalent in the diabetes B, almost accounts for more than 90%.The diabetes B patient had just had chronic complicating diseases to take place before making a definite diagnosis.According to statistics, have the 50% new diabetes B patient who diagnoses to have one or more chronic complicating diseases, some patient just finds to suffer from diabetes because of complication
Use antidiabetic drug clinically now or insulin is treated, though can effectively control blood sugar, but the toxic and side effect of long-term prescription and bad reaction also threaten patient's safety and health, but the price of these medicines is all than higher, the patient is difficult to accept, often give up halfway, cause more serious consequence.Have yet and adopt the Chinese medicine preparation hypoglycemic, as the saying goes " being three fens poison of medicine ", health is also produced certain influence, and because the Chinese medicine preparation flavour of a drug are very big, take difficulty, the patient often can adhere to and all that has been achieved is spoiled.Seek thus one safe and effective, and the preparation that the patient is taken voluntarily for a long time is too impatient to wait.
Pu'er tea is the distinctive local well-known tea in Yunnan.The place of production has a moderate climate, and rainfall is abundant, and cloud and mist curls up.Pu'er tea.Be that large leaf with the original producton location, Yunnan shines blue or green tea and reprocessing forms two series: directly reprocessing be that the life of finished product is general and reprocess form ripe general through artificial rapid-result fermentation back, divides loose tea and compressed tea two classes on the type system again; All also continue behind the finished product carrying out natural ageing process, have unique quality of Chen Yue perfume (or spice) more.
Pu'er tea is the tea of only after fermentation type, harmful material such as its theophylline, Tea Polyphenols is divided to have melted in long-term sweat, so moral character gentleness, human body is not stimulated, can also enhance metabolism, quicken clearing up and transforming of fat, toxin in the health, perplex urbanite's problems such as obesity, three fat height now, Pu'er tea can both play good mitigation, as toxin expelling, nourishing the stomach, anti-inflammatory, reduction cholesterol, the fat that disappears go to be bored with, cosmetic slimming.
Patent 200510010871.2 discloses a kind of Pu'er tea and application thereof, and preparation process is as follows
A. take by weighing a certain amount of Pu'er tea, be crushed to 20 orders, the temperature that adds 5-10 times of volume is 80~90 ℃ a distilled water, adds a cover insulation and soaks filtration after 40 minutes;
B. filter residue is that 80~90 ℃ distilled water immersion filtered after 30 minutes with the temperature of 3-5 times of volume;
C. filter residue is that 80~90 ℃ distilled water immersion filtered after 30 minutes with the temperature of 3 times of volumes again;
D. the filtrate that merges three filtrations, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to concentration of alcohol and be 50%~90% scope precipitates, leave standstill after 24 hours and filter, the collecting precipitation thing, carry out vacuum dehydrating at lower temperature, vacuum and low temperature is 50~60 ℃, is dried to moisture and is about 5~11% and promptly gets Pu'er tea.Contain tea polysaccharide 15-45% in the Pu'er tea, theabrownin 50-70%, protein 4.7-14.0% etc.
As seen this preparation technology is that middle low temperature extracts, and then with extracting liquid filtering, the filtered fluid decompression concentrates, and spray-drying or drying under reduced pressure form, and middle low temperature extraction can have influence on the active ingredient and the yield of product, and the direct filtration yield of extract is big, and operation takes time and effort.The inventor tests out one group of new Pu'er tea and preparation method thereof in to the Pu'er tea research process, these Pu'er teas have the curative effect height, the purity height, good absorbing, steady quality, technology is simple, easy to operate, composition is cheap, is fit to industrialization production.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of determined curative effect, safe and reliable Pu'er tea.
Purpose of the present invention provides the composition and the preparation thereof of this extract.
Another object of the present invention provides this preparation method of extract.
A further object of the invention provides this extract and the purposes of preparation on preparation treatment diabetes, blood lipid-lowering medicine.
It is Tea Polyphenols, tea polysaccharide, theabrownin, caffeine that Pu'er tea of the present invention contains main active.
Its weight percentage is:
Tea Polyphenols 12-45%
Theabrownin 12-30%
Caffeine 6-11%
Tea polysaccharide 15-40%
Wherein the weight percentage sum of four kinds of active ingredients is less than 100%.
The active ingredient of preferred weight percentage composition:
Tea Polyphenols 19-26%
Theabrownin 15-25%
Caffeine 6-8%
Tea polysaccharide 12-35%
Wherein the weight percentage sum of four kinds of active ingredients is less than 100%.
Surplus in the above-mentioned Pu'er tea is congo red element, theaflavin, protein or pectin etc.
Above-mentioned Pu'er tea is obtained by following preparation method:
Get Pu'er tea, add water and acutely seethe with excitement and decoct to extract 1-5 time (preferred 2-4 time), decocting time 0.5-5 hour (preferably 2-4 hour), add 5-50 times of water of water general times (preferred 18-26 doubly), extract concentrates, and gets supernatant, supernatant liquid filtering, the filtrate concentrate drying promptly gets extract.
Preferred above-mentioned extract 40-300 order filters (preferred 40-80 order), filtrate is concentrated into tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 2-1: 10 (preferred 1: 3-1: 5), concentrate 4-7 ℃ (preferred 4-5 ℃) leaves standstill 8-16 hour (preferred 12 hours), supernatant is with pulp board or filter paper press filtration or filter element filtering (precision 1-15 micron, preferred 5 microns), filtrate concentrates (preferred decompression, temperature≤70 ℃) to proportion 1.01-1.4 (preferred 1.13-1.20)/55-65 ℃, condensed cream is drying to obtain Pu'er tea.Described Pu'er tea yield is 12-30%.
Described filtrate method for concentration includes but not limited to that decompression concentrates, normal pressure concentrates, rotating thin film concentrates, horizontal centrifugal thin-film concentrates, reverse osmosis concentration, film concentrate, single-action concentrates, economic benefits and social benefits concentrate, triple effect concentrates, spherical concentrate etc., preferred temperature among the present invention≤70 ℃, decompression concentrates.Described drying means includes but not limited to microwave drying, vacuum belt type drying, spray-drying, freeze drying, far-infrared ray drying, steam drying etc., preferred microwave drying, vacuum belt type drying or spray-drying, this drying means, heated time is short, the drying efficiency height can reduce the destruction of high temperature to active component.
The preparation method of Pu'er tea of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) extract: Pu'er tea, add water and acutely seethe with excitement to decoct and extract 1-5 time, total decocting time 0.5-5 hour, add water general times 5-50 doubly, get extract;
(2) concentrate: extract 40-300 order filters, and filtrate is concentrated into tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 2-1: 10, get concentrate;
(3) condensed cream preparation: concentrate 4-7 ℃ left standstill 8-16 hour, supernatant liquid filtering, and filtrate is concentrated into proportion 1.01-1.4, gets condensed cream;
(4) extract: condensed cream is drying to obtain.
Preferably adding water inventory in the described step (1) is 18-26 times, decocts and extracts decocting time 2-4 hour 2-4 time.Preferred extract is crossed the 40-80 mesh sieve in the step (2), and filtrate is concentrated into tealeaves: concentrate=1: 3-1: 5, get concentrate.Preferred supernatant filters with pulp board or filter paper press filtration or filter element filtering (precision 1-15 micron, preferred 5 microns) in the step (3), and filtrate is concentrated into 1.13-1.20.
Concrete steps are: Pu'er tea, adding water acutely seethes with excitement and decoct to extract 2-4 time, decocting time 2-4 hour, add water general times 18-26 doubly, extract 40-80 order filters, filtrate ℃ is evaporated to tealeaves (weight) in temperature≤70: concentrate (volume)=1: 3-1: 5, concentrate 4-7 ℃ left standstill 8-16 hour, supernatant is with pulp board or filter paper press filtration or filter element filtering (precision is 5 microns), filtrate ℃ is evaporated to proportion 1.13-1.20/55-65 ℃ in temperature≤70, and the condensed cream drying is an extractable.
Above-mentioned described Pu'er tea is through behind the concentrate drying, and extract yield is for being 12-30%.Preferred extract yield is 20-25%.
The present invention adopts violent boiling to help the conversion and the stripping of active ingredient, concentrate difficulty and workload that back refrigeration technology can reduce filter operation, clarity behind the cold-water solution of guarantee finished product can reduce the input demand of cold-storage jar again, but so lower industrialization of this process route cost, stable and controllable for quality.
The application of Pu'er tea of the present invention in food industry, pharmaceuticals industry, health care industry or natural prodcuts are produced.
The application of Pu'er tea of the present invention in pharmaceuticals industry:
Pu'er tea of the present invention can be made and contain the pharmaceutical composition that Pu'er tea is an active component.
Composition of the present invention can also be made pharmaceutically acceptable preparation, and wherein Pu'er tea shared percentage by weight in pharmaceutical preparation is 0.1~99.9%, and all the other are the medicine acceptable carrier.
Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention exists with unit dosage form, and described unit dosage form is meant the unit of preparation, as every of tablet, every of capsule etc.,
Preparation of the present invention includes but not limited to tablet, sugar coated tablet, film coated tablet, enteric coated tablet, capsule, hard capsule, soft capsule, oral liquid, sucks agent, granule, electuary, pill, powder, paste, sublimed preparation, supensoid agent, pulvis, solution, injection, suppository, ointment, emplastrum, creme, spray, drops, patch.
The pharmaceutical composition of invention, the preparation of its oral administration can contain excipient commonly used, such as adhesive, filler, diluent, tablet agent, lubricant, disintegrant, colouring agent, flavor enhancement and wetting agent, can carry out dressing to tablet in case of necessity.
The filler that is suitable for comprises cellulose, mannitol, lactose and other similar filler.Suitable disintegrant comprises starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone and starch derivatives, for example sodium starch glycollate.Suitable lubricant comprises, for example dolomol.The acceptable wetting agent of appropriate drug comprises lauryl sodium sulfate.Can fill by mixing, the method that compressing tablet etc. are commonly used prepares solid oral composition.Mix repeatedly active material is distributed in those compositions of a large amount of fillers of whole use.The form of oral liquid for example can be water-based or oily suspensions, solution, emulsion, syrup or elixir, perhaps can be a kind of available water before use or other suitable composite dry products of carrier.This liquid preparation can contain conventional additive, such as suspending agent, for example sorbierite, syrup, methylcellulose, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, aluminium stearate gel or hydrogenation edible fat, emulsifying agent, for example lecithin, anhydro sorbitol monooleate or Arabic gum; Non-aqueous carrier (they can comprise edible oil), for example apricot kernel oil, fractionated coconut oil, such as oily ester, propane diols or the ethanol of the ester of glycerine; Anticorrisive agent, for example para hydroxybenzene methyl esters or propylparaben or sorbic acid, and if desired, can contain conventional flavouring agent or colouring agent.
For injection, the liquid unit dosage forms of preparation contains active material of the present invention and sterile carrier.According to carrier and concentration, this compound can be suspended or dissolving.The preparation of solution normally by active material being dissolved in a kind of carrier, is filtered sterilization, then sealing before it is packed into a kind of suitable bottle or ampoule.For example a kind of local anesthetic of auxiliary material, anticorrisive agent and buffer also can be dissolved in this carrier.In order to improve its stability, can be after the bottle of packing into that this composition is freezing, and under vacuum, water is removed.
Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, when being prepared into medicament, optionally add suitable medicine acceptable carrier, described medicine acceptable carrier is selected from: sweet mellow wine, sorbierite, sodium pyrosulfite, sodium hydrogensulfite, sodium thiosulfate, cysteine hydrochloride, TGA, methionine, vitamin C, the EDTA disodium, EDTA calcium sodium, the alkali-metal carbonate of monovalence, acetate, phosphate or its aqueous solution, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, amino acid, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium lactate, xylitol, maltose, glucose, fructose, dextran, glycine, starch, sucrose, lactose, mannitol, silicon derivative, cellulose and derivative thereof, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, glycerine, soil temperature 80, agar, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, surfactant, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, beta-schardinger dextrin-, the phospholipid material, kaolin, talcum powder, calcium stearate, dolomol etc.
Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is determined usage and dosage according to patient's situation in use, but obeys every day three times, each 1-20 agent, as: 1-20 bag or grain or sheet, every dose of 1mg-1000mg.
Pu'er tea of the present invention can also be in the application on food and the health food.This extract can be made tea-drinking product, tea in bag, Pu'er tea paste, tea beverage etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention describes by following test example.
Test example one Pu'er tea hypoglycemic, lipid-reducing function are investigated test
1, test material
1.1 experimental animal: 40 of KKAy mouse, female, age in 7-8 week, rank SPF level, body weight 33.5 ± 1.9g is provided by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences animal used as test.The C57BL/6J mouse, 10, female, 8 ages in week, rank SPF level, body weight 18.5 ± 0.6g is provided by Chinese medical courses in general institute animal used as test.
1.2 reagent and medicine
Pu'er tea: the embodiment of the invention 1, the dark brown powder, water-soluble, solubility is good, lucifuge.
Positive drug: Rosiglitazone Maleate sheet
1.3 laboratory apparatus:
BIOSEN5030 type blood sugar/lactic acid analyzer
The XD685 blomelicalbloodgasandelectrolrteanalyzers
Hitachi's 7080 full automatic biochemical apparatus
2.1 experimental technique
2.1 fasting blood-glucose assay method:
All animals all in 9 beginnings fasting in the morning, are got blood behind the fasting 4h, get preceding each the treated animal gastric infusion of 1h of blood, cut tail when getting blood and get tip blood 100ul, with BIOSEN5030 type blood sugar/lactose analysis-e/or determining fasting blood-glucose.
2.2 grouping and administration
Animal adaptability is measured fasting blood-glucose according to 2.1 methods after feeding a week, according to the fasting blood sugar stratified random grouping of measuring.10 C57BL/6J mouse are organized in contrast, and 40 KKAy are divided into 4 groups according to the grouping of fasting blood sugar stratified random, model group, and positive controls, sample is irritated the stomach group, sample is freely drunk group.
Crowd's operational version, it is 3g/ people/day that the crowd intends using dosage, i.e. 0.05g/kg/d, the use approach brews to be drunk.Positive controls, administration every day 1 time, dosage 1.33mg/kg/ day, oral administration gavage administration.
Sample is irritated the stomach group: every day regularly gastric infusion once, dosage 1g/kg/d.Drinking-water is ordinary tap water.
Sample is drunk group: feed the mouse drinking water every day total amount of observing in the phase by adaptability, with dosage 1g/kg/d, be converted into respective concentration.Pu'er tea with this concentration replaces drinking water every day.
2.3 test procedure
2.3.1 the weight of animals and feed situation, ight soil situation of change: observe animal spirit, activity, hair color, food-intake, amount of drinking water and changes of weight
2.3.2 fasting blood-glucose is measured: the set time is measured fasting blood-glucose according to 2.1 methods weekly before the administration and after the administration.
2.3.3 sugar tolerance experiment
Tested the 21st day, animal gavages glucose 2.5g/kg after measuring fasting blood-glucose according to 2.1 methods, and respectively at 0.5h, blood glucose value, area under the calculated curve (AUC) AUC=0.5 * fasting blood-glucose+0.5h blood sugar+1.5 * 1h blood sugar+2h blood sugar are measured in 1h, 2h blood sampling.
2.3.4 serum electrolyte is measured
When testing the 22nd day, pluck eyeball behind the animal fasting 16h and get blood, separation of serum is surveyed mensuration serum K ion, Na ion, Ca ion concentration with the XD685 blomelicalbloodgasandelectrolrteanalyzers.
2.3.5 triglycerides, T-CHOL are measured;
When testing the 29th day, pluck eyeball behind the animal fasting 16h and get blood, separation of serum is measured serum triglyceride, total cholesterol level with full automatic biochemical apparatus.
3, result of the test
3.1 the weight of animals, food-intake changes result of the test
The experimental session normal control group C57BL/6J mouse state of mind is good, is quick on the draw, and moves freely, and fur is glossy, and food-intake, amount of drinking water are stablized, and body weight continues to increase.Model group KKAy mouse is One's spirits are drooping, slow in reacting along with the growth in age in week engenders, slow movement, and fur tarnishes, and it is not obvious that the urine amount increases, and food-intake, amount of drinking water are stable, and body weight continues to increase.
Sample sets is according to dosage 1g/kg/ day, each treated animal body weight, and food-intake, amount of drinking water result of variations see Table 1, table 2, table 3.
Each treated animal changes of weight situation (g) when table 1 is pressed the 1g/kg/d administration
Each treated animal food-intake situation of change (g) when table 2 is pressed the 1g/kg/d administration
Each treated animal amount of drinking water situation of change (ml) when table 3 is pressed the 1g/kg/d administration
3.2 fasting blood-glucose determination test result
The results are shown in Table 4, after 7 days, empty stomach blood sugar all was starkly lower than model group (p<0.01) to the experimental group experimental animal in the 14th day in administration, positive controls, after 14 days and 21 days, fasting blood-glucose all is starkly lower than model group (p<0.01, p<0.01) to the sample sets animal in administration.As seen, Pu'er tea has obvious hypoglycemic activity.
Table 4 Pu'er tea is to the influence of fasting blood-glucose (nmol/l)
Annotate: compare with model group
*P<0.01
* *P<0.001; Compare with normal group
△ △ △P<0.001
3.3 carbohydrate tolerance test result:
By table 5 as seen, in the test of anti-sugar amount, the blood glucose value of each time point of model group and AUC value all are higher than control group, the blood glucose value and the AUC of each time point of positive drug group all are lower than model group, the free diet group of sample is in 0h, 0.5h, 1h and AUC value and model group there were significant differences p<0.01, p<0.001., visible Pu'er tea can suppress the rising of blood glucose value after the oral sucrose of mouse.
Table 5 Pu'er tea sugar tolerance experimental result
Annotate: compare with model group
*P<0.01
* *Compare with normal group p<0.001
△ △ △P<0.001
3.4 serum electrolyte measurement result
By table 6 as seen, the positive drug group diabetic mice K that can obviously raise
+, Na
+, Cl
-Concentration (p<0.001) sample is freely drunk the group Na that can obviously raise
+, Cl
-Concentration (p<0.01, p<0.001)
Table 6 Pu'er tea is to the influence of serum electrolyte
Annotate: compare with model group
*P<0.01
* *P<0.001
3.6 triglycerides, T-CHOL measurement result
By table 7 as seen, in the time of 28 days in triglycerides (TG), T-CHOL (CHOL) measurement result, each experimental group does not have influence to total cholesterol level in administration.The positive drug group, the Pu'er tea high dose group, the low dose group content of triglyceride has been compared the reduction effect with model group, and significant difference (p<0.05) is arranged.
Table 6 Pu'er tea triglycerides, T-CHOL result
Annotate: compare with model group
*P<0.05
Compare with normal group
△ △P<0.01,
△ △ △P<0.001
4, conclusion (of pressure testing)
To each treated animal food-intake, the continuous observation of amount of drinking water and body weight gain finds that positive drug and experimental group are to the animal food-intake by experiment, and the body weight influence is little, and is not only smaller than model group on the numerical value, and not statistically significant.Positive drug and tea powder extract administration group have a significant effect to the animal amount of drinking water, can reduce the amount of drinking water of diabetic animal, play the effect of " quenching one's thirst ".
From fasting blood-glucose determination test result, Pu'er tea all has the effect of tangible reduction fasting blood-glucose.The beta-oxybutyria acid poisoning is the severe complication of diabetes, such patient is because relative or absolute shortage of insulin, tissue utilizes the glucose ability drop, catabolism of fat and gluconeogenesis strengthen, liver generation ketoboidies increases and causes hyperglycaemia and ketosis, thereby brings out a series of water, electrolyte and disturbance of acid-base balance.Mensuration by serum electrolyte Pu'er tea as can be seen has certain regulating action to the diabetes electrolyte disturbance.In the investigation experiment of effect for reducing fat, Pu'er tea shows can reduce content of triglyceride.
Interior all extracts of claims protection domain of the present invention and the extract in the specific embodiment, preparation method have above-mentioned effect and effect thereof.
Pu'er tea active constituent content height of the present invention, can significantly reduce blood sugar, this preparation method can effectively transform active ingredient and stripping, this process route can ensure the clarity behind the cold-water solution of finished product, this process route has reduced centrifugal workload of later stage, but the lower industrialization of this process route cost, stable and controllable for quality.
The specific embodiment
With specific embodiment the present invention is described below, embodiment is for the ease of understanding the present invention, rather than limits claim of the present invention and core content by any way.
Embodiment 1,
Pu'er tea, adding water acutely seethes with excitement and decoct to extract 3 times, decocting time 4 hours, add 26 times of water general times, 10 times for the first time, 8 times for the second time, 8 times for the third time, extract 80 orders filter, and filtrate temperature≤70 ℃ are evaporated to tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 3-1: 5, the preferred 4-5 of concentrate ℃ left standstill 12 hours, supernatant filters (5 microns of precision) with pulp board, and filtrate decompression concentrates, and temperature≤70 are ℃ to proportion 1.13-1.20/55-65 ℃, condensed cream microwave drying promptly gets Pu'er tea.Wherein extract yield is 27%, through assay, contains Tea Polyphenols 25.9% in the Pu'er tea, theabrownin 24.87%, caffeine 7.50%, tea polysaccharide 34.6%, theaflavin 7.03%.
Embodiment 2
Pu'er tea adds water and acutely seethes with excitement and decoct to extract decocting time 0.5 hour 1 time, add 5 times of water general times, extract 60 orders filter, and filtrate temperature≤70 ℃ are evaporated to tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 2, and the preferred 4-5 of concentrate ℃ left standstill 12 hours, supernatant filter paper press filtration (15 microns of precision), filtrate decompression concentrates, and temperature≤70 are ℃ to 1.4/65 ℃ of proportion, condensed cream spray-drying, promptly get Pu'er tea, wherein extract yield is 12%.Through assay, contain Tea Polyphenols 34.59% in the Pu'er tea, impurity 7.73% such as theabrownin 12.05%, caffeine 5.5%, tea polysaccharide 40.48%, theaflavin 0.05%, protein pectin.
Embodiment 3
Pu'er tea adds water and acutely seethes with excitement and decoct to extract decocting time 5 hours 5 times, add 30 times of water general times, add 6 times of water yields at every turn, extract 300 orders filter, filtrate temperature≤70 ℃ are evaporated to tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 10, concentrate left standstill 8 hours for preferred 6 ℃, and supernatant concentrates with filter element filtering (3 microns of precision), filtrate decompression, temperature≤70 are ℃ to 1.0/65 ℃ of proportion, condensed cream microwave drying promptly gets Pu'er tea, and wherein extract yield is 29%.Through assay, contain Tea Polyphenols 45.46% in the Pu'er tea, theabrownin 25.51%, caffeine 6.79%, tea polysaccharide 12.47%, theaflavin 1.05%., protein and pectin impurity etc. 8.72%.
Embodiment 4
Pu'er tea, add water and acutely seethe with excitement and decoct to extract 2 times, decocting time 5 hours adds 26 times of water general times, extract 40 orders filter, filtrate temperature≤70 ℃ are evaporated to tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 2-1: 3 concentrates left standstill 8 hours for preferred 6 ℃, and supernatant concentrates with filter element filtering (3 microns of precision), filtrate decompression, temperature≤70 are ℃ to 1.4/55 ℃ of proportion, the condensed cream drying promptly gets Pu'er tea.Wherein extract yield is 26%, through assay, contains Tea Polyphenols 20.95% in the Pu'er tea, theabrownin 16.51%, caffeine 7.70%, tea polysaccharide 34.73%, congo red element 1.91%., impurity 18.2% such as protein pectin.
Embodiment 5
Pu'er tea, add water and acutely seethe with excitement and decoct to extract 2 times, decocting time 5 hours adds 50 times of water general times, extract 40 orders filter, filtrate temperature≤70 ℃ are evaporated to tealeaves (weight): concentrate (volume)=1: 2-1: 3, and concentrate left standstill 8 hours for preferred 6 ℃, and supernatant is with filter element filtering (3 microns of precision), filtrate decompression concentrates, temperature≤70 are ℃ to 1.2/65 ℃ of proportion, and the condensed cream vacuum belt type drying promptly gets Pu'er tea.Wherein extract yield is 25%, through assay, contains Tea Polyphenols 20.95% in the Pu'er tea, theabrownin 16.51%, caffeine 7.70%, tea polysaccharide 40.23%, congo red element 1.91%., impurity 12.7% such as protein pectin.
Embodiment 6 tea polysaccharide content assaying methods
A.1 instrument and reagent
A.1.1 instrument
Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer; Miniature whirlpool mixed instrument; Ten thousand/balance; Ultrasound Instrument.
A.1.2 test sample and reagent
Test sample: instant Pu'er tea
Reagent: re-distilled phenol; Sulfuric acid.
Reference substance: D-DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS, Nat'l Pharmaceutical ﹠ Biological Products Control Institute's (using) for assay.
A.2 test
A.2.1 the preparation of need testing solution
Get the about 0.2g of this product extract powder (being accurate to 0.001g), put in the 10ml measuring bottle, it is an amount of to add water, and dissolving in ultrasonic 20 minutes is cooled off and added water to scale, shakes up.Precision is measured 1ml, puts in the 100ml measuring bottle, and thin up shakes up to scale, as need testing solution.
A.2.2 the preparation of reference substance solution
It is an amount of to get D-DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS reference substance, accurate claims fixed (being accurate to 0.001g), is dissolved in water and dilutes and make the solution that contains 0.2mg among every 1ml, in contrast product solution.
A.2.3 the drafting of calibration curve
Accurate respectively absorption reference substance solution 0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5ml put respectively in the 10ml tool plug test tube, add water to 1.0ml respectively, each is accurate to add 5% phenol solution and (takes by weighing the 2.5g re-distilled phenol, be dissolved in water and be diluted to 50ml, shake up, promptly.) 1.0ml, the jolting mixing, add 5.0ml sulfuric acid, with the rapid jolting mixing of miniature whirlpool mixed instrument, placed 30 minutes under the room temperature, with the 1st pipe is blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix VB of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2005), measures absorbance (measured and finish) at 487nm wavelength place in 1 hour.Make calibration curve with absorbance (Y) and quality (X), regression equation is:
Y=a·X+b
In the formula:
Y is the absorbance of reference substance solution;
X is the quality (mg) of D-DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS;
A, b are constant.
A.2.4 the mensuration of need testing solution
The accurate 1ml need testing solution of drawing under the drafting item according to calibration curve, from " the phenol solution 1.0ml of accurate adding 5% ", with the method operation, is measured absorbance respectively at the 487nm place.
A.2.5 data are handled
Be calculated as follows content:
In the formula:
C is the tea polysaccharide percentage composition in the sample;
A is the absorbance of sample;
W is sample weighting amount (g);
A, b are constant.
Embodiment 7 Content Determination Method of Green Tea Polyphenol
Principle: polyphenols can generate the hyacinthine complex compound with ferrous ion.With its content of spectrophotometry.Though various catechins be the colourity difference, the catechin compositing range in the Tea Polyphenols is roughly the same, and is little to the influence of absorbance in this scope, so get final product with a calibration curve.This calibration curve is consistent with the calibration curve of (one) Epigallo-catechin gallate (EGCG), but because of (one) Epigallo-catechin gallate (EGCG) is difficult to obtain, so use progallin A.Because of the absorbance of 10mg progallin A equates with the absorbance of 15mg () Epigallo-catechin gallate (EGCG), so regulation multiply by 1.5 conversion coefficients as Tea Polyphenols from the amount that the calibration curve of progallin A obtains.
Annotate: " (one) table "---expression " left-handed cis ".
5.2.2 reagent and solution
5.2.2.1 tartaric acid ferrous solution
Take by weighing ferrous sulfate (GB 664) 1.0g, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate (GB 1288) 5.0g is dissolved in water and is settled to IL, and this liquid can be stablized 10 days.
5.2.2.2pH7.5 phosphate buffer
The disodium phosphate soln of a liquid 1/15mol/L: take by weighing sodium hydrogen phosphate (GB 1263) 23.877g, be dissolved in water and be diluted to IL.
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate of b liquid 1/15mol/L: take by weighing potassium dihydrogen phosphate (GB1274) 9.078g, be dissolved in water to IL through 110 ℃ of oven dry 2h.
Get a liquid 85mL and b liquid 15mL mixing, promptly get the slow juice of pH7.5.
5.2.2.3 the preparation of standard liquid
Accurately take by weighing progallin A (100 ℃ of dry th of oven dry) 250mg, be dissolved in the 100mL water as mother liquor, draw mother liquor 2,4 respectively, 6,8,10mL is mixed with constant volume not and contains progallin A 50 among the 100mL in the 10mL volumetric flask, 100,150,200, the standard liquid of five kinds of variable concentrations of 250mg.
5.2.3 instrument
Spectrophotometer.
5.2.4 determination step
5.2.4.1 the making of standard working curve
Accurately the progallin A standard liquid ImL and the tartaric acid ferron 5mL of the variable concentrations of drawing place the volumetric flask of a series of 25mL, with the buffer solution constant volume of pH7.5.Water replaces progallin A in contrast, and the cuvette of railway carriage or compartment 1cm is measured absorbance at the 540nm place.The absorbance of being surveyed is depicted as standard working curve with corresponding progallin A concentration.
5.2.4.2 the preparation of test liquid and mensuration
Preparation: accurately take by weighing tea extraction 200mg, place the 100mL beaker, add the boiling water dissolving more than 20~30mL90 ℃, cooling moves in the 100mL volumetric flask, and constant volume, filtration discard the about 20mL of initial filtrate, and last filtrate is test liquid.
Measure: accurately draw test liquid ImL, put in the 25mL volumetric flask, tartarize ferrous solution 5ml, abundant mixing is with the phosphate buffer constant volume of pH7.5.Make reference with reagent blank liquid, measure absorbance in the 540nm place.
5.2.4.3 the result calculates
According to standard working curve, obtain the corresponding content of the progallin A that is equivalent to the sample absorbance, obtain polyphenol content by formula (1):
Tea Polyphenols (%)=F * 1.5 * 100/m * (1-G)
In the formula: the absorbance that m-sample mass G-sample moisture E-records according to sample, from the corresponding content of progallin A that calibration curve checks in, mg/100ml
1.5-the conversion coefficient of Tea Polyphenols.
Embodiment 8 caffeine component content assay methods
(1), chromatographic condition: the phase that flows (methyl alcohol: water=30: 70), detect wavelength 273nm, sample size (reference substance 10ul, test sample 5ul), column temperature (25 ℃), flow velocity (1ml/min)
(2), reference substance solution preparation: get the about 10mg of caffeine reference substance, the accurate title, decide, and puts in the 100ml volumetric flask, adds methyl alcohol 20ml and make dissolving, adds water and be settled to scale, filters, promptly.
(3), need testing solution preparation: accurate claim decide extract be 0.5g in the 100ml conical flask, accurately add purified water 100ml, weigh, boiling water bath 1h weighs, add purified water and supply weight, filtration, promptly.
Embodiment 8 theaflavin, congo red element and theabrownin content assaying method
Principle: theaflavin, congo red element and theabrownin all are dissolved in hot water, be present in the millet paste, can from millet paste, come out the theaflavin extract and separate with ethyl acetate, but there is part congo red element (SI type congo red element) also to be suggested thereupon, this part congo red element can utilize it to be dissolved in sodium bicarbonate solution and remove further the separation, and SII type congo red element is stayed water layer.Theabrownin is insoluble to n-butanol, millet paste with extracting n-butyl alcohol after, theaflavin and congo red element all change molten in n-butanol, theabrownin is stayed water layer.After each component separation, available spectrophotometric carries out colorimetric estimation like this.
Capital equipment and reagent
1, separatory funnel, spectrophotometer, water-bath, suction pipe, conical flask, 25ml volumetric flask etc.
2, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, 95% ethanol
3, after 2.5% sodium acid carbonate, 2.5g sodium acid carbonate are dissolved in water, be settled to 100ml.
When 4, saturated oxalic acid solution, 20 ℃ of temperature, solubilized 10.2g oxalic acid in the 100ml water can be according to the different preparation of temperature saturated solutions.
Experimental procedure
1, test liquid preparation: accurately take by weighing the 50-2000mg tea extraction, add boiling water 125ml, shake up back lixiviate 10 minutes in boiling water bath, shake bottle in the lixiviate once, after lixiviate finished, taking-up shook up, and filtered in the conical flask of drying (residue does not need the water flushing) with cotton while hot, filtrate can extract and spectrophotometry after soaking and be chilled to room temperature in cold water.
2, extraction: shake up test liquid, draw 25ml and be placed in the 60ml separatory funnel, add the 25ml ethyl acetate, speed jolting 5 minutes with secondary each second roughly, static layering is emitted water layer respectively and is poured the ethyl acetate layer into stand-by in the tool plug triangular flask (after the layering, middle opacifying layer discards).
Absorption ethyl acetate layer solution 2ml is placed in the 25ml volumetric flask, adds 95% ethanol and is diluted to 25ml, shakes up to be solution A.Draw ethyl acetate layer solution 10ml and be placed in the 30ml separatory funnel, add 2.5%NaHCO3 aqueous solution 10ml, 30 seconds of jolting.Behind the standing demix, emit NaHCO3 water layer solution immediately and discard, carefully ethyl acetate layer solution is poured in the tool plug test tube, get this ethyl acetate layer solution 4ml, be placed in the 25ml volumetric flask, add 95% ethanol and be diluted to 25ml, shake up and be solution C.
Draw the water layer solution 2ml that tells with ethyl acetate extraction for the first time, be placed in the 25ml volumetric flask, add 2ml saturated oxalic acid solution and 6ml distilled water, and be diluted to 25ml, shake up the back solution D with 95% ethanol.
Draw millet paste test liquid 10ml, be placed in the 30ml separatory funnel, add the 10ml n-butanol, jolting 3 minutes, leave standstill slowly layering after, emit following water layer.Draw this water layer solution 2ml, be placed in the 25ml volumetric flask, add 2ml saturated oxalic acid and 6ml distilled water, and be diluted to 25ml, shake up and be solution B with 95% ethanol.
3, colorimetric estimation
Select the 380nm wavelength, use the 1cm cuvette, make blank, measure the optical density E of A, B, C, D solution respectively with 95% ethanol.Calculate content by following empirical equation.
Embodiment 10
Get Pu'er tea 450g and different Fructus Hordei Germinatus 670g, glucose 200g, strawberry fruit powder 40g, strawberry essence 10g, PVPP 10g, dolomol 10g, above raw material fully mix make softwood with an amount of ethanolic solution after, granulate, 60 ℃ of forced air dryings, make 1000, whole grain, compacting promptly gets oral disnitegration tablet in flakes.
Embodiment 11
Get Pu'er tea 25%, xylitol 48%, maltose 6%, 14% cyclodextrin, 7% calcium lactate prepares the Pu'er tea soft capsule according to the soft capsule common process.
Embodiment 12
Pu'er tea 5.0g and 10g xylitol, the 0.8g oligoisomaltose, the 10g antierythrite, 0.05 Aspartame, all the other are the city Pu'er tea oral liquid of water.
Embodiment 13
Get Pu'er tea 99.9%, add therein after 0.1% dextrin mixes, granulate, be drying to obtain Pu'er tea granule agent or electuary.
Embodiment 14
Get Pu'er tea 58g, lotus leaf 29g, Momordica grosvenori 13g mix and make composition, cross 16 mesh sieves, 22 mesh sieves respectively, get the mid portion packing.Add external packing, promptly get tea in bag.
Embodiment 15
Get Pu'er tea 58g, mulberry leaf 28g, fruit of Chinese wolfberry 13g mix and make composition, cross 16 mesh sieves, 22 mesh sieves respectively, get the mid portion packing.Add external packing, promptly get tea in bag.