CN101959678A - 包含泡沫层的多层复合材料、对应的生产方法及其用途 - Google Patents
包含泡沫层的多层复合材料、对应的生产方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101959678A CN101959678A CN200980106823XA CN200980106823A CN101959678A CN 101959678 A CN101959678 A CN 101959678A CN 200980106823X A CN200980106823X A CN 200980106823XA CN 200980106823 A CN200980106823 A CN 200980106823A CN 101959678 A CN101959678 A CN 101959678A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane
- layer
- foam
- multilayer materials
- mould
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 42
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 38
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 31
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 17
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229920006264 polyurethane film Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-stilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1NC2 QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone Chemical compound CCN1CCCC1=O ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPVPDSGTVXBUBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCC[O] Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[O] FPVPDSGTVXBUBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005122 aminoalkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002897 diene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013847 iso-butane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013047 polymeric layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N stannane Chemical compound [SnH4] KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000080 stannane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBGFNHWKIOFPRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)COCCOCCO SBGFNHWKIOFPRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJLLJZNSZJHXQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1C(=O)C=CC1=O SJLLJZNSZJHXQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVEDOIATHPCYGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-(3-methylphenyl)benzene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 GVEDOIATHPCYGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJDSTRZHPWMDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(butylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCNCCO LJDSTRZHPWMDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COBPKKZHLDDMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOCCO COBPKKZHLDDMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical group NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFZKVQVQOMDJEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(=O)C=C VFZKVQVQOMDJEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003542 3-methylbutan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxystyrene Chemical class OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAPGBCWOQLHKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SAPGBCWOQLHKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGDIJTMOHORACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-prop-2-enoyloxynonyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PGDIJTMOHORACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010009866 Cold sweat Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002633 Kraton (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910003849 O-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003872 O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical class CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical class [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012814 acoustic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000655 anti-hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013495 cobalt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethane Chemical class O=C=NCN=C=O KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-FOCLMDBBSA-N dioctyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCCCCCC TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRWZYZWZBMGMMG-UHFFFAOYSA-J dodecanoate tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BRWZYZWZBMGMMG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006229 ethylene acrylic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960005082 etohexadiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000937 inactivator Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FGFWCOVNCKWNLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;tin Chemical compound [Sn].OC(=O)C(O)=O FGFWCOVNCKWNLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylidene Natural products CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Substances CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020985 whole grains Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
- B60R13/0815—Acoustic or thermal insulation of passenger compartments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B29/007—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
- B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
- B32B9/025—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch comprising leather
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/046—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0292—Polyurethane fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/0228—Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
- B32B2264/0242—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF or PVDF (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
- B32B2266/0228—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0264—Polyester
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/06—Open cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/72—Density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2432/00—Cleaning articles, e.g. mops or wipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2479/00—Furniture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24438—Artificial wood or leather grain surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24826—Spot bonds connect components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249981—Plural void-containing components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249982—With component specified as adhesive or bonding agent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/8305—Miscellaneous [e.g., treated surfaces, etc.]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及多层复合材料，其包含如下组分：(A)泡沫层，其中泡沫选自聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫、聚酯泡沫、丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物泡沫、海绵和氨基塑料泡沫，(B)任选至少一个连接层，和(C)聚氨酯层。
Description
本发明涉及一种多层复合材料，其包含如下组分：
(A)泡沫层，其中泡沫选自聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫、聚酯泡沫、丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物泡沫、天然海绵和氨基树脂泡沫，
(B)任选至少一个粘合层，和
(C)聚氨酯层。
本发明进一步涉及一种生产本发明多层复合材料的方法及其用途。
许多应用中需要泡沫。它们作为隔热材料具有良好性能并且作为包装材料也是需要的。它们还可以用作隔音材料。
然而，在许多情况下不利的是所述泡沫的外观不吸引人。此外，该类泡沫通常难清洁并由此容易变脏。
在许多情况下试图通过在其上粘附自支撑聚烯烃膜如聚乙烯或聚丙烯膜而改进其清洁能力。然而，这并没有在所有情况下改进外观。此外，自支撑聚烯烃膜的“手感”，即触觉特性并不总是理想的。
本发明目的是加工泡沫使得它们具有舒适手感和吸引人的外观并且还可以有效清洁。本发明目的进一步为提供一种生产该类泡沫的方法。
我们已发现该目的通过在开头所定义的多层复合材料实现。它们包含如下组分：
(A)泡沫层，其中泡沫选自聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫、聚酯泡沫、丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物泡沫、天然海绵和氨基树脂泡沫，
(B)任选至少一个粘合层，和
(C)聚氨酯层。
泡沫层(A)，在本文也简称为泡沫(A)或泡沫层(A)，可以包括各类泡沫。
泡沫通过德国标准规格DIN 7726定义为具有遍布于整个材料的泡孔且壳层密度(envelope density)低于骨架物质(scaffolding substance)密度的结构的材料。
泡沫(A)可以为闭孔的，但在本文优选基本为开孔的。在本发明的一个实施方案中，全部壳层中50％，优选60-100％，更优选65-99.9％为开孔的，根据DIN ISO 4590测量。开孔壳层(泡孔)定义为经由气相与其它泡孔连通的泡孔。
泡沫(A)的密度优选为5-1000kg/m3，优选6-300kg/m3，更优选7-250kg/m3。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，泡沫(A)的断裂伸长率大于100％。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，泡沫(A)的数均孔径为1μm-1mm，优选50-500μm，其通过评价横截面的显微照片确定。
在本发明的一个特定实施方案中，泡沫(A)的DIN 52212吸音超过0.5，以2000Hz频率和所述泡沫(A)的40mm层厚测量。
泡沫(A)可以为天然或合成来源的。例如，泡沫(A)可选自例如用作清洁制品的这类天然海绵。
合成泡沫的实例为聚苯乙烯泡沫(也称为膨胀型聚苯乙烯)、聚氨酯泡沫、丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、聚酯泡沫和氨基树脂泡沫。
氨基树脂泡沫的实例为基于脲甲醛树脂的泡沫，基于酚醛树脂的泡沫，特别是基于氨基塑料-甲醛树脂的泡沫，尤其是基于蜜胺-甲醛树脂的泡沫，后者在本文也称为蜜胺泡沫。
聚氨酯泡沫可以包括硬质聚氨酯泡沫、软质聚氨酯泡沫、所谓的半硬质泡沫和粘弹性聚氨酯泡沫。
上述泡沫(A)，尤其是蜜胺泡沫的生产是本身已知的，其中后者以及聚氨酯泡沫例如详细描述于WO 2005/103107中。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，泡沫(A)的厚度为100μm-10cm；优选1mm-1cm的厚度。
泡沫(A)不为织物上的涂层。
聚氨酯层(C)不包含泡沫层。聚氨酯层(C)优选由水分散体生产。
聚氨酯层(C)可以不透气膜存在。不透气聚氨酯膜的生产是本身已知的。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)的平均厚度为15-300μm，优选20-150μm，更优选25-80μm。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)具有贯穿整个聚氨酯层(C)厚度(横截面)的毛细管。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)具有平均至少100个毛细管/100cm2，优选至少250个毛细管/100cm2。
在本发明的实施方案中，毛细管具有的平均直径为0.005-0.05mm，优选0.009-0.03mm。
在本发明的实施方案中，毛细管在聚氨酯层(C)内均匀分布。然而，在本发明的优选实施方案中，毛细管在聚氨酯层(C)内不均匀分布。
在本发明的实施方案中，毛细管基本上为弧形。在本发明的另一实施方案中，毛细管基本上为直线形。
毛细管使聚氨酯层(C)无需打孔而具有空气和水蒸气渗透性。在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)的水蒸气渗透性可以高于1.5mg/cm2·h，其根据德国标准规格DIN 53333测量。因此，水分如汗例如可以流动通过整个聚氨酯层(C)。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)除了具有毛细管外，还具有孔，所述孔没有贯穿整个聚氨酯层(C)厚度。
在一个实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)显示出图案。该图案可自由选择且例如可再现皮革或木材表面的图案。在本发明的实施方案中，图案可以再现正绒面革。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)具有丝绒状外观。
在本发明的实施方案中，图案可以对应于丝绒表面，例如具有平均长度为20-500μm，优选30-200μm，更优选60-100μm的小毛状物。小毛状物例如可具有环状直径。在本发明的特别实施方案中，小毛状物具有锥形形状。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)具有的小毛状物之间的平均间距为50-350μm，优选100-250μm。
当聚氨酯层(C)具有小毛状物时，关于平均厚度的描述适用于没有小毛状物的聚氨酯层(C)。
聚氨酯层(C)经由至少一个粘合层(B)粘合于泡沫(A)。
粘合层(B)可以包括间断，即不连续层，优选固化有机胶粘剂的不连续层。
在本发明的实施方案中，粘合层(B)包括以点形式、条形式或格子形式施加的层，例如其呈菱形、长方形、正方形或蜂窝结构形式。此时，聚氨酯层(C)在粘合层(B)间隙内与泡沫(A)接触。
在本发明的另一实施方案中，粘合层(B)包括连续层。
在本发明的实施方案中，粘合层(B)包括固化有机胶粘剂层，其例如基于聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸酯或尤其是聚氨酯，优选基于玻璃化转变温度低于0℃的聚氨酯。
有机胶粘剂例如可热固化、经由光化辐射固化或通过老化而固化。
在本发明的另一实施方案中，粘合层(B)包括胶粘剂网。
在本发明的实施方案中，粘合层(B)具有的最大厚度为100μm，优选50μm，更优选30μm，最优选15μm。
在本发明的实施方案中，粘合层(B)可以包含微球。微球在本文为平均直径为5-20μm且由聚合物材料，尤其是卤化聚合物如聚氯乙烯或聚偏二氯乙烯或氯乙烯与偏二氯乙烯的共聚物组成的球形颗粒。微球可以为空心的或优选填充其沸点略低于室温的物质，例如填充正丁烷，尤其是异丁烷。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)可以经由至少两个具有相同或不同组成的粘合层(B)与泡沫(A)粘合。一个粘合层(B)可以包含颜料，而另一粘合层(B)可以不包含颜料。
在一个变型中，一个粘合层(B)可以包含微球，而另一粘合层(B)可以不包含微球。
在本发明的实施方案中，本发明多层复合材料可以不具有其它层。在本发明的另一实施方案中，本发明多层复合材料可以包含至少一个设置于泡沫(A)与粘合层(B)之间、粘合层(B)与聚氨酯层(C)之间或两个可相同或不同的粘合层(B)之间的中间层(D)。中间层(D)选自织物、纸张、油页岩沉积材料、合成材料如聚丙烯或聚氨酯的油页岩沉积材料(非织造织物)，尤其是热塑性聚氨酯的非织造织物。
在其中本发明多层复合材料包含至少一个中间层(D)的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)优选不与泡沫(A)直接接触，而与中间层(D)直接接触。
在本发明的实施方案中，中间层(D)可以具有的平均直径(厚度)为0.05mm-5cm，优选0.1mm-0.5cm，更优选0.2-2mm。
优选中间层(D)具有的水蒸气渗透性大于1.5mg/cm2·h，其根据德国标准规格DIN 53333测量。
本发明多层复合材料具有高的机械强度和坚牢度。它们进一步具有高的水蒸气渗透性。溢出的液滴易于除去，例如用布除去。本发明多层复合材料还具有吸引人的外观和非常舒适柔软的手感。
本发明多层复合材料例如有利地用于运输工具如船、机动车、飞机、铁路车辆、有轨电车、公共汽车的座椅，尤其是儿童座椅中。本发明多层复合材料还可有利地用于车辆内部的其它地方，例如在车顶衬里、内部装饰和中央控制台的情况下。进一步有利的是本发明多层复合材料用于清洁海绵、绝缘材料，尤其是用于建筑物中，例如热或声绝缘材料以及用于座椅家具中。
本发明进一步提供一种生产本发明多层复合材料的方法，本文也称为本发明生产方法。本发明生产方法的实施方案通过如下进行：借助模形成聚氨酯层(C)，将至少一种有机胶粘剂均匀或部分施加至泡沫(A)和/或聚氨酯层(C)上，然后将聚氨酯层(C)逐点、逐条或逐面粘合于泡沫(A)上。
在本发明的实施方案中，本发明多层复合材料通过涂覆方法生产，首先提供聚氨酯膜(C)，每种情况下用有机胶粘剂在一面例如以图案形式部分地至少涂覆泡沫(A)或聚氨酯膜(C)或涂覆两者，然后使两面相互接触。然后，可额外将由此得到的体系一起压制或热处理或在加热时一起压制。
聚氨酯膜(C)形成本发明多层复合材料下面的聚氨酯层(C)。聚氨酯膜(C)可按如下生产：
将聚氨酯水分散体施加至预热的模上，使水蒸发，然后将所得聚氨酯膜(C)转移到泡沫(A)上。
聚氨酯水分散体可通过常规方法，尤其是通过喷雾，例如用喷雾枪喷雾而施加至模上。
模可以显示出图案，也称为结构，例如通过激光刻蚀或通过用阴模模塑而生产。
本发明的实施方案包括提供一种具有弹性体层或层状复合材料的模，其在支撑物上包含弹性体层，其中弹性体层包含粘合剂以及合适的话进一步包含添加剂和助剂材料。而提供模可包括以下步骤：
1)将包含添加剂和/或助剂材料的液体粘合剂合适的话施加至图案化表面，例如另一模或原来图案上，
2)例如通过热固化、辐射固化或使其老化而固化粘合剂，
3)分离由此获得的模并且合适的话将其施加至支撑物如金属板或金属圆筒上。
本发明的实施方案通过施加至图案上的液体聚硅氧烷进行，其中使聚硅氧烷老化并由此固化，然后将其剥离。然后将聚硅氧烷膜粘合至铝支撑物上。
本发明的优选实施方案提供一种在支撑物上包含可激光刻蚀层或包含可激光刻蚀层的层状复合材料的模，其中可激光刻蚀层包含粘合剂以及合适的话进一步包含添加剂和助剂材料。可激光刻蚀层优选也为弹性体。
在优选的实施方案中，提供模包括以下步骤：
1)在支撑物上提供可激光刻蚀层或包含可激光刻蚀层的层状复合材料，其中可激光刻蚀层包含粘合剂以及优选包含添加剂和助剂材料，
2)热化学、光化学或光化增强可激光刻蚀层，
3)使用激光将与表面结构化涂层的表面结构对应的表面结构刻蚀成可激光刻蚀层。
可激光刻蚀层，优选弹性体可激光刻蚀层或层状复合材料可以且优选存在于支撑物上。合适支撑物的实例包括织物和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺或聚碳酸酯的自支撑膜/片，优选PET或PEN自支撑膜/片。
有用的支撑物同样包括纸张和针织物，例如纤维素针织物。作为支撑物还可以使用所述材料的锥形或圆筒形套垫。对于套垫还合适的是玻璃纤维织物或其组成包含玻璃纤维和聚合物材料的复合材料。合适的支撑物材料进一步包括金属支撑物如铝、钢、可磁化弹簧钢或其它铁合金的实心或织物状、片状或圆筒形支撑物。
在本发明的实施方案中，所述支撑物可以用增粘层涂覆以对可激光刻蚀层提供更好的粘合。本发明另一实施方案无需增粘层。
可激光刻蚀层包含至少一种粘合剂，其可以为在热化学增强过程中反应而形成聚合物的预聚物。合适的粘合剂可以根据可激光刻蚀层或模所需性能，例如根据硬度、弹性或柔韧性来选择。合适的粘合剂基本可分为3组，并不打算将粘合剂限制于此。
第一组包括具有烯属不饱和基团的那些粘合剂。烯属不饱和基团可光化学、热化学、借助电子束或借助其任何所需组合而交联。此外，可借助填料机械增强。该类粘合剂例如为以聚合形式包含1，3-二烯单体如异戊二烯或1，3-丁二烯的那些。烯属不饱和基团可以用作聚合物的链结构单元(1，4-掺入)，或者它可作为侧基键合于聚合物链(1，2-掺入)。作为实例可以提及天然橡胶、聚丁二烯、聚异戊二烯、丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)共聚物、丁基橡胶、苯乙烯-异戊二烯橡胶、氯丁橡胶、聚降冰片烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-二烯单体(EPDM)橡胶或具有烯属不饱和基团的聚氨酯弹性体。
其它实例包括链烯基芳烃和1，3-二烯的热塑性弹性嵌段共聚物。所述嵌段共聚物可以包括线性嵌段共聚物或无规嵌段共聚物。通常它们为A-B-A类型的三嵌段共聚物，但它们还可以包括A-B类型的两嵌段共聚物，或者包括具有多个交替的弹性和热塑性嵌段如A-B-A-B-A的那些。还可以使用两种或更多种不同嵌段共聚物的混合物。市购三嵌段共聚物通常包含一定比例的两嵌段共聚物。二烯单元可为1，2-或1，4-连接的。可以使用苯乙烯-丁二烯类型的嵌段共聚物以及苯乙烯-异戊二烯类型的嵌段共聚物。它们例如可以商品名Kraton
市购。还可以使用具有苯乙烯端嵌段和无规苯乙烯-丁二烯中间嵌段的热塑性弹性嵌段共聚物，其以商品名Styroflex市购。
具有烯属不饱和基团的粘合剂的其它实例包括其中可交联基团通过接枝反应引入聚合物分子中的改性粘合剂。
第二组包括具有官能团的那些粘合剂。所述官能团可热化学、借助电子束、光化学或借助其任何所需组合而交联。此外，可以借助填料机械增强。合适官能团的实例包括-Si(HR1)O-、-Si(R1R2)O-、-OH、-NH2、-NHR1、-COOH、-COOR1、-COHN2、-O-C(O)NHR1、-SO3H或-CO-。粘合剂实例包括聚硅氧烷弹性体、丙烯酸酯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯酸酯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯酸橡胶或乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶及其部分水解衍生物、热塑性弹性聚氨酯、磺化聚乙烯或热塑性弹性聚酯。在所述式中，R1和存在的话R2不同或优选相同且各自选自有机基团，尤其是C1-C6-烷基。
本发明的实施方案包括使用既具有烯属不饱和基团又具有官能团的粘合剂。实例包括具有官能团和烯属不饱和基团的加成-交联聚硅氧烷弹性体，丁二烯与(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸或丙烯腈的共聚物以及丁二烯或异戊二烯与具有官能团的苯乙烯衍生物的共聚物或嵌段共聚物，实例是丁二烯与4-羟基苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物。
第三组粘合剂包括既不具有烯属不饱和基团又不具有官能团的那些。例如可以提及聚烯烃或乙烯-丙烯弹性体或通过氢化二烯单元获得的产物，例如SEBS橡胶。
包含不具有烯属不饱和基团或官能团的粘合剂的聚合物层必须机械、借助高能辐射或其组合而增强以允许经由激光获得最佳松脆结构。
还可以使用两种或更多种粘合剂的混合物，此时在任何一种混合物中的两种或更多种粘合剂可以全部仅来自上述组之一或可以来自两个或全部三个组。仅就用于激光结构化操作和阴模操作的聚合物层的适用性必须不受不利影响来限制可能组合。可能有利的是例如使用至少一种不具有官能团的弹性粘合剂与至少一种具有官能团或烯属不饱和基团的其它粘合剂的混合物。
在本发明的实施方案中，粘合剂在弹性体层或特定可激光刻蚀层中的比例基于特定弹性体层或特定可激光刻蚀层的全部成分总和为30-99重量％，优选40-95重量％，最优选50-90重量％。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯层(C)借助聚硅氧烷模形成。聚硅氧烷模在本文为使用至少一种每分子具有至少一个，优选至少三个O-Si(R1R2)-O-基团的粘合剂制备的模，其中变量各自如上所定义。
弹性体层或可激光刻蚀层可以任选包含反应性低分子量或低聚化合物。低聚化合物通常具有不大于20000g/mol的分子量。反应性低分子量和低聚化合物在下文简称为单体。
可以加入单体以提高光化学或热化学交联的速率或需要的话提高经由高能辐射交联的速率。当使用来自第一组和第二组的粘合剂时，加入单体进行加速通常不是绝对必须的。在来自第三组的粘合剂情况下，加入单体通常是可行的，而不是在每种情况下都是绝对必须的。
与交联速率无关，单体还可以用于控制交联密度。取决于所加低分子量化合物的性质和量，获得或宽或窄的网络。首先可以使用已知的烯属不饱和单体。所述单体应与粘合剂基本相容且具有至少一个光化学或热化学反应性基团。它们不应是挥发性的。合适单体的沸点优选为至少150℃。特别合适的为具有单官能或多官能醇的丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的酰胺、胺、氨基醇或羟基醚和羟基酯、苯乙烯或取代苯乙烯、富马酸或马来酸的酯或烯丙基化合物。实例包括丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸月桂酯、1，4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1，6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯、1，6-己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1，9-壬二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、富马酸二辛酯、N-十二烷基马来酰亚胺和异氰脲酸三烯丙基酯。
适合热化学增强的单体尤其包括反应性低分子量聚硅氧烷如环状硅氧烷，Si-H-官能硅氧烷，具有烷氧基或酯基团的硅氧烷，含硫硅氧烷和硅烷，二醇如1，4-丁二醇、1，6-己二醇、1，8-辛二醇、1，9-壬二醇，二胺如1，6-己二胺、1，8-辛二胺，氨基醇如乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、丁基乙醇胺，二羧酸如1，6-己烷二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、马来酸或富马酸。
还可以使用既具有烯属不饱和基团又具有官能团的单体。作为实例可以提及(甲基)丙烯酸ω-羟烷基酯，例如乙二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1，4-丁二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯或1，6-己二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
当然还可以使用不同单体的混合物，条件是所述混合物对弹性体层的性能没有不利影响。单体的加入量基于弹性体层或特定可激光刻蚀层全部成分的量通常为0-40重量％，优选1-20重量％。
在一个实施方案中，一种或多种单体可以与一种或多种催化剂一起使用。因此可以通过加入一种或多种酸加速聚硅氧烷模或经由有机锡化合物加速提供模的步骤2)。合适的有机锡化合物可以为：二月桂酸二正丁基锡、二辛酸二正丁基锡、二-2-乙基己酸二正丁基锡、二-2-乙基己酸二正辛基锡和二正丁基二(1-氧代新癸基氧基)锡烷。
弹性体层或可激光刻蚀层可以进一步包含添加剂和助剂材料如IR吸收剂、染料、分散剂、抗静电剂、增塑剂或研磨颗粒。该类添加剂和助剂材料的量基于弹性体层或特定可激光刻蚀层全部组分的量通常应不超过30重量％。
弹性体层或可激光刻蚀层可以由多个单独层构成。这些单独层可以具有相同的材料组成、具有基本相同的材料组成或具有不同的材料组成。可激光刻蚀层的厚度或全部单独层一起的厚度通常为0.1-10mm，优选0.5-3mm。厚度可以取决于激光刻蚀操作和阴极模塑操作的与使用相关及与机器相关的工艺参数而适当地选择。
弹性体层或可激光刻蚀层可任选进一步包含厚度不大于300μm的顶层。该顶层的组成可根据最佳刻蚀性和机械稳定性选择，而底层的组成根据最佳硬度或弹性选择。
在本发明的实施方案中，顶层本身为可激光刻蚀的或可在激光刻蚀操作过程中与底层一起除去。顶层包含至少一种粘合剂。它进一步包含用于激光辐射的吸收剂或单体或助剂。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚硅氧烷模包括借助激光刻蚀结构化的聚硅氧烷模。
对于本发明方法非常特别有利的是使用热塑性弹性粘合剂或聚硅氧烷弹性体。当使用热塑性弹性粘合剂时，优选通过在支撑膜/片和覆盖膜/片或覆盖元件之间的挤压进行生产，然后进行压延，例如如EP-A 0 084 851中对胶版印刷元件所述。甚至可以此方式以单独操作生产较厚层。可通过共挤压生产多层元件。
为了借助激光刻蚀使模结构化，优选在激光刻蚀操作之前通过加热(热化学)、暴露于紫外光(光化学)或暴露于高能辐射(光化)或其任何所需组合来增强可激光刻蚀层。
然后，例如借助粘合带、减压、夹具或磁力将可激光刻蚀层或层状复合材料施加至圆筒形(临时)支撑物，例如塑料、玻璃纤维增强塑料、金属或泡沫的圆筒形(临时)支撑物上并如上所述进行刻蚀。或者，还可如上所述对平面层或层状复合材料进行刻蚀。任选使用具有清洁剂的转筒洗涤器或连续洗涤器洗涤可激光刻蚀层以除去激光刻蚀操作过程中的刻蚀残余物。
模可作为阴模或阳模以所述方式产生。
在第一变型中，模具有凹结构，使得可粘合于泡沫(A)上的涂层可通过将液体塑料材料施加至模表面并随后固化聚氨酯而直接获得。
在第二变型中，模具有凸结构，使得阴模首先由激光结构化的阳模生产。然后，可粘合于片状支撑物上的涂层可由该阴模通过将液体塑料材料施加至阴模并随后固化该塑料材料而获得。
优选将尺寸为10-500μm的结构元件刻入模中。所述结构元件可以为凸或凹形式。所述结构元件优选具有简单的几何形状且例如为圆形、椭圆形、正方形、菱形、三角形和星形。所述结构元件可以形成规则或不规则屏。实例为经典点式屏或随机屏，例如调频屏。
在本发明的实施方案中，使用激光在模内刻出平均深度为50-250μm且中心距为50-250μm的阱而使模结构化。
例如，可对模进行刻蚀，使得它在模表面具有直径为10-500μm的阱。在模表面的直径优选为20-250μm，更优选30-150μm。阱的间距例如可为10-500μm，优选20-200μm，更优选至多80μm。
在本发明的实施方案中，模优选具有表面精细结构以及表面粗糙结构。粗糙结构和精细结构均可通过激光刻蚀产生。精细结构例如可为具有1-30μm的粗糙度振幅和0.5-30μm的粗糙度频率的微粗糙度。微粗糙度的尺寸优选为1-20μm，更优选2-15μm，更优选3-10μm。
IR激光器尤其适合用于激光刻蚀。然而，还可以使用具有更短波长的激光器，条件是该激光器具有足够的强度。例如可以使用双频(532nm)或三频(355nm)Nd-YAG激光器或激子激光器(例如248nm)。激光刻蚀操作例如可以使用波长为10640nm的CO2激光器。特别优选使用波长为600-2000nm的激光器。例如可以使用Nd-YAG激光器(1064nm)、IR二极管激光器或固态激光器。特别优选Nd/YAG激光器。待刻蚀的图像信息由计算机打印系统直接输送到激光器装置。激光器可连续或以脉冲模式操作。
所得模通常可直接生产使用。需要的话，可额外清洁所得模。该清洁步骤除去疏松但可能尚未完全与表面分离的层成分。通常用水、水/表面活性剂、醇或优选低溶胀的惰性有机清洁剂简单处理就足够了。
在另一步骤中，将聚氨酯含水配制剂施加至模。该施加可优选通过喷雾进行。在施加聚氨酯配制剂时，应将模加热至例如至少80℃，优选至少90℃的温度。来自聚氨酯含水配制剂的水蒸发并在固化的聚氨酯层中形成毛细管。
与聚氨酯分散体有关的水应理解为指聚氨酯分散体包含水，但基于该分散体小于5重量％，优选小于1重量％的有机溶剂。可特别优选不存在可检测的挥发性有机溶剂。挥发性有机溶剂在本文为在标准压力下沸点至多为200℃的这类有机溶剂。
聚氨酯水分散体可具有5-60重量％，优选10-50重量％，更优选25-45重量％的固体含量。
聚氨酯(PU)为通用知识，可市购且通常由较高分子量的多羟基化合物如聚碳酸酯、聚酯或聚醚部分的软相和由低分子量增链剂和二异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯形成的聚氨酯硬相组成。
制备聚氨酯(PU)的方法为通用知识。聚氨酯(PU)通常通过以下物质：
(a)异氰酸酯，优选二异氰酸酯，
(b)分子量(Mw)通常为500-10000g/mol，优选500-5000g/mol，更优选800-3000g/mol的对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物，和
(c)分子量为50-499g/mol的增链剂，
合适的话在以下物质存在下反应而制备：
(d)催化剂，和/或
(e)常用添加剂材料。
在下文中，通过实例描述制备优选聚氨酯(PU)的起始组分和方法。现在通过实例描述在聚氨酯(PU)制备中通常使用的组分(a)、(b)、(c)以及合适的话(d)和/或(e)：
作为异氰酸酯(a)，可以使用通常已知的脂族、脂环族、芳脂族和/或芳族异氰酸酯，实例为三-、四-、五-、六-、七-和/或八亚甲基异氰酸酯，2-甲基五亚甲基-1，5-二异氰酸酯，2-乙基亚丁基-1，4-二异氰酸酯，五亚甲基-1，5-二异氰酸酯，亚丁基-1，4-二异氰酸酯，1-异氰酸酯基-3，3，5-三甲基-5-异氰酸酯基甲基环己烷(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，IPDI)，1，4-和/或1，3-二(异氰酸酯基甲基)环己烷(HXDI)，1，4-环己烷二异氰酸酯，1-甲基-2，4-和/或-2，6-环己烷二异氰酸酯和/或4，4’-、2，4’-和2，2’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，2，2’-、2，4’-和/或4，4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)，1，5-亚萘基二异氰酸酯(NDI)，2，4-和/或2，6-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)，二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，3，3’-二甲基联苯二异氰酸酯，1，2-二苯基乙烷二异氰酸酯和/或亚苯基二异氰酸酯。优选使用4，4’-MDI。还优选脂族二异氰酸酯，尤其是六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)，特别优选芳族二异氰酸酯如2，2’-、2，4’-和/或4，4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和上述异构体的混合物。
作为对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物(b)，可以使用通常已知的对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物，实例是聚酯醇、聚醚醇和/或聚碳酸酯二醇，其通常还归类为术语“多元醇”，具有的分子量(Mw)为500-8000g/mol，优选600-6000g/mol，尤其是800-3000g/mol，且优选具有的与异氰酸酯有关的平均官能度为1.8-2.3，优选1.9-2.2，尤其是2。优选使用聚醚多元醇，例如基于通常已知的起始剂物质和常用氧化烯如氧化乙烯、1，2-氧化丙烯和/或1，2-氧化丁烯的那些，优选基于聚四氢呋喃(聚-THF)、1，2-氧化丙烯和氧化乙烯的聚醚醇。聚醚醇具有的优点是其水解稳定性高于聚酯醇且优选用作组分(b)，尤其是用于制备软质聚氨酯-聚氨酯(PU1)。
作为聚碳酸酯二醇，尤其可以提及脂族聚碳酸酯二醇，例如1，4-丁二醇聚碳酸酯和1，6-己二醇聚碳酸酯。
作为聚酯二醇，可以提及可通过至少一种伯二醇，优选至少一种脂族伯二醇如乙二醇、1，4-丁二醇、1，6-己二醇、新戊二醇或更优选1，4-二羟基甲基环己烷(作为异构体混合物)或上述二醇中至少两种的混合物与至少一种，优选至少两种二羧酸或其酸酐缩聚而获得的那些。优选的二羧酸为脂族二羧酸如己二酸、戊二酸、丁二酸和芳族二羧酸如苯二甲酸，特别是间苯二甲酸。
聚醚醇优选通过在高活性催化剂存在下将氧化烯，尤其是氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯及其混合物加成到二醇如乙二醇、1，2-丙二醇、1，2-丁二醇、1，4-丁二醇、1，3-丙二醇或加成到三醇如甘油上而制备。该类高活性催化剂例如为氢氧化铯和二金属氰化物催化剂，也称为DMC催化剂。六氰基钴酸锌为通常使用的DMC催化剂。DMC催化剂可在反应之后留在聚醚醇中，但优选除去它，例如通过沉降或过滤除去。
可以使用各种多元醇的混合物而不是仅一种多元醇。
为了改进分散性，对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物(b)还可以包括一定比例的一种或多种具有羧酸基团或磺酸基团的二醇或二胺(b’)，尤其是1，1-二羟甲基丁酸、1，1-二羟甲基丙酸或以下物质的碱金属或铵盐：
有用的增链剂(c)包括通常已知的脂族、芳脂族、芳族和/或脂环族化合物，其具有50-499g/mol的分子量和至少两个官能团，优选每分子具有正好两个官能团的化合物，实例为在亚烷基中具有2-10个碳原子的二胺和/或链烷二醇，尤其是1，3-丙二醇，1，4-丁二醇，1，6-己二醇和/或每分子具有3-8个碳原子的二-、三-、四-、五-、六-、七-、八-、九-和/或十亚烷基二醇，优选对应的低聚-和/或聚丙二醇，并且还可以使用增链剂(c)的混合物。
特别优选组分(a)-(c)包含双官能化合物，即二异氰酸酯(a)、双官能多元醇，优选聚醚醇(b)和双官能增链剂，优选二醇。
尤其是加速二异氰酸酯(a)的NCO基团与结构单元组分(b)和(c)的羟基之间反应的有用催化剂(d)为常用的叔胺，例如三乙胺、二甲基环己胺、N-甲基吗啉、N，N’-二甲基哌嗪、2-(二甲氨基乙氧基)乙醇、二氮杂双环(2，2，2)辛烷(DABCO)和类似的叔胺以及尤其是有机金属化合物如钛酸酯，铁化合物如乙酰丙酮铁(III)，锡化合物如二乙酸锡、二辛酸锡、二月桂酸锡或脂族羧酸的二烷基锡盐如二乙酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡等。催化剂用量通常每100重量份组分(b)为0.0001-0.1重量份。
除了催化剂(d)外，还可以将助剂和/或添加剂(e)加入组分(a)-(c)中。例如可以提及发泡剂，防结块剂，表面活性物质，填料如基于纳米颗粒的填料，尤其是基于CaCO3的填料，成核剂，助流剂，染料和颜料，抗氧化剂，例如防水解、光、热或褪色，无机和/或有机填料，增强剂和增塑剂，金属失活剂。在优选的实施方案中，组分(e)还包括水解稳定剂如聚合物和低分子碳二亚胺。软质聚氨酯优选包含三唑和/或三唑衍生物以及基于所述软质聚氨酯总重量为0.1-5重量％的抗氧化剂。有用的抗氧化剂通常为在待保护的塑料材料中抑制或防止不希望的氧化过程的物质。抗氧化剂通常可市购。抗氧化剂的实例为位阻酚、芳族胺、硫代增效剂、三价磷的有机磷化合物和位阻胺光稳定剂。位阻酚的实例可在Plastics Additive Handbook，第5版，H.Zweifel，Hanser Publishers，Munich，2001([1])，第98-107页和第116-121页中找到。芳族胺的实例可在[1]第107-108页中找到。硫代增效剂的实例在[1]，第104-105页和第112-113页中给出。亚磷酸盐的实例在[1]，第109-112中找到。位阻胺光稳定剂的实例在[1]，第123-136中找到。酚类抗氧化剂优选以抗氧化剂混合物使用。在优选的实施方案中，抗氧化剂，尤其是酚类抗氧化剂具有大于350g/mol，更优选大于700g/mol的摩尔质量和不大于10000g/mol，优选至多不大于3000g/mol的最大摩尔质量(Mw)。它们进一步优选具有不大于180℃的沸点。进一步优选使用无定形或液态抗氧化剂。两种或更多种抗氧化剂的混合物同样可用作组分(e)。
除了所述组分(a)、(b)和(c)以及合适的话(d)和(e)外，还可以使用通常具有31-3000g/mol分子量的链长调节剂(链终止剂)。该类链长调节剂为仅具有一个对异氰酸酯呈反应性的官能团的化合物，实例是单官能醇、单官能胺和/或单官能多元醇。该类链长调节剂使得可以将流动性能调节至特定值，尤其是在软质聚氨酯的情况下。链长调节剂通常可基于100重量份组分(b)以0-5重量份，优选0.1-1重量份的量使用且其定义在组分(c)范围内。
除了上述组分(a)、(b)和(c)以及合适的话(d)和(e)外，还可以在接近聚氨酯形成反应结束时使用具有两个或更多个对异氰酸酯呈反应性的基团的交联剂，例如水合肼。
为了调节聚氨酯(PU)的硬度，组分(b)和(c)可在较宽摩尔比内选择。有用的是组分(b)与全部增链剂(c)的摩尔比为10∶1-1∶10，尤其是1∶1-1∶4，其中软质聚氨酯的硬度随着(c)含量增加而增加。生产聚氨酯(PU)的反应可以0.8-1.4∶1，优选0.9-1.2∶1，更优选1.05-1.2∶1的指数进行。该指数定义为在反应中使用的组分(a)的全部异氰酸酯基团与组分(b)和合适的话(c)和合适的话作为链终止剂的对异氰酸酯呈反应性的单官能组分如一元醇的对异氰酸酯呈反应性的基团，即活性氢的比例。
聚氨酯(PU)可通过常规方法以连续方式，例如通过一步或预聚物方法制备，或者通过常规预聚物操作分批制备。在这些方法中，反应物组分(a)、(b)、(c)和合适的话(d)和/或(e)可依次或同时混合并且反应随后立即进行。
聚氨酯(PU)可以常规方式，例如通过将聚氨酯(PU)溶解于丙酮中或以在丙酮中的溶液制备它，将该溶液与水混合，然后除去丙酮，例如蒸馏除去丙酮而分散于水中。在一个变型中，聚氨酯(PU)以在N-甲基吡咯烷酮或N-乙基吡咯烷酮中的溶液制备，与水混合并除去N-甲基吡咯烷酮或N-乙基吡咯烷酮。
在本发明的实施方案中，本发明水分散体包含两种不同的聚氨酯，聚氨酯(PU1)和聚氨酯(PU2)，其中聚氨酯(PU1)为按如上对聚氨酯(PU)所述构造的所谓的软质聚氨酯，和至少一种硬质聚氨酯(PU2)。
硬质聚氨酯(PU2)原则上可类似于软质聚氨酯(PU1)制备，但使用其它对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物(b)或对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物(b)的其它混合物，本文也称为对异氰酸酯呈反应性的化合物(b2)或简称为化合物(b2)。
化合物(b2)的实例尤其为1，4-丁二醇、1，6-己二醇和新戊二醇，其相互混合或与聚乙二醇混合。
在本发明的一个方案中，二异氰酸酯(a)和聚氨酯(PU2)各自为二异氰酸酯的混合物，例如HDI和IPDI的混合物，其中所选用于制备硬质聚氨酯(PU2)的IPDI比例大于用于制备软质聚氨酯(PU1)的IPDI比例。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯(PU2)的肖氏A级硬度为高于60至不大于100，其中肖氏A级硬度按照德国标准规格53505在3s之后测量。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯(PU)具有的平均粒径为100-300nm，优选120-150nm，其通过激光光散射测量。
在本发明的实施方案中，软质聚氨酯(PU1)具有的平均粒径为100-300nm，优选120-150nm，其通过激光光散射测量。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯(PU2)具有的平均粒径为100-300nm，优选120-150nm，其通过激光光散射测量。
聚氨酯水分散体可进一步包含至少一种固化剂，其也可以称为交联剂。能够使多个聚氨酯分子例如在热活化时一起交联的化合物用作固化剂。特别合适的是基于三聚二异氰酸酯的交联剂，尤其是基于脂族二异氰酸酯如六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的交联剂。非常特别优选式Ia或Ib的交联剂，本文也简称为化合物(V)：
其中R3、R4和R5可以不同或优选相同且各自选自A1-NCO和A1-NH-CO-X，其中
A1为具有2-20个碳原子的间隔基，其选自未被取代或被1-4个C1-C4烷基取代的亚芳基，亚烷基和环亚烷基如1，4-环亚己基。优选的间隔基A1为亚苯基，尤其是对亚苯基以及甲代亚苯基，尤其是对甲代亚苯基，和C2-C12亚烷基如亚乙基(CH2CH2)，以及-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)10-、-(CH2)12-。
X选自O(AO)xR6，其中
AO为C2-C4氧化烯，例如氧化丁烯，尤其是氧化乙烯(CH2CH2O)和氧化丙烯(CH(CH3)CH2O)或(CH2CH(CH3)O)，
x为1-50，优选5-25的整数，和
R6选自氢和C1-C30烷基，尤其是C1-C10烷基如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、仲戊基、新戊基、1，2-二甲基丙基、异戊基、正己基、异己基、仲己基、正庚基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、正壬基、正癸基，更优选C1-C4烷基如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基。
特别优选的化合物(V)为其中R3、R4和R5各自为相同的(CH2)4-NCO、(CH2)6-NCO或(CH2)12-NCO的那些。
聚氨酯水分散体可包含其它成分如(f)具有反应性基团的聚硅氧烷化合物，本文也称为聚硅氧烷化合物(f)。
与聚硅氧烷化合物(f)有关的反应性基团的实例例如为羧酸基团、羧酸衍生物如羧酸甲酯或羧酸酐，尤其是丁二酸酐，更优选羧酸基团。
反应性基团的实例进一步包括伯氨基和仲氨基，例如NH(异C3H7)基团、NH(正C3H7)基团、NH(环C6H11)基团和NH(正C4H9)基团，尤其是NH(C2H5)基团和NH(CH3)基团，最优选NH2基团。
进一步优选氨基烷基氨基基团如-NH-CH2-CH2-NH2基团、-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2基团、-NH-CH2-CH2-NH(C2H5)基团、-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH(C2H5)基团、-NH-CH2-CH2-NH(CH3)基团、-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH(CH3)基团。
反应性基团直接或优选经由间隔基A2与聚硅氧烷化合物(f)连接。A2选自未被取代或被1-4个C1-C4烷基取代的亚芳基，亚烷基和环亚烷基如1，4-环亚己基。优选的间隔基A2为亚苯基，尤其是对亚苯基以及甲代亚苯基，尤其是对甲代亚苯基，和C2-C18亚烷基如亚乙基(CH2CH2)，以及-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)6-、-(CH2)8-、-(CH2)10-、-(CH2)12-、-(CH2)14-、-(CH2)16-和-(CH2)18-。
除了反应性基团外，聚硅氧烷化合物(f)还包含非反应性基团，尤其是二-C1-C10烷基-SiO2基团或苯基-C1-C10烷基-SiO2基团，尤其是二甲基-SiO2基团，以及合适的话一种或多种Si(CH3)2-OH基团或Si(CH3)3基团。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚硅氧烷化合物(f)每分子平均具有1-4个反应性基团。
在本发明的有利实施方案中，聚硅氧烷化合物(f)每分子平均具有1-4个COOH基团。
在本发明的另一有利实施方案中，聚硅氧烷化合物(f)每分子平均具有1-4个氨基或氨基烷基氨基。
聚硅氧烷化合物(f)以链状或支化排列包含Si-O-Si单元。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚硅氧烷化合物(f)具有500-10000g/mol，优选至多5000g/mol的分子量Mn。
聚硅氧烷化合物(f)每分子具有两个或更多个反应性基团时，这些反应性基团可直接或经由间隔基A2与Si-O-Si链经由两个或更多个硅原子或成对地经由相同硅原子连接。
反应性基团可直接或经由间隔基A2与聚硅氧烷化合物(f)的一个或多个端硅原子连接。在本发明的另一实施方案中，反应性基团直接或经由间隔基A2与聚硅氧烷化合物(f)的一个或多个非端硅原子连接。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯水分散体进一步包含既不具有氨基又不具有COOH基团的聚二-C1-C4烷基硅氧烷(g)，本文也简称为聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)或聚二甲基硅氧烷(g)。
聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)中的C1-C4烷基可以不同或优选相同且选自甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基，其中优选未支化C1-C4烷基，特别优选甲基。
聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)，优选聚二甲基硅氧烷(g)优选包括具有Si-O-Si链的未支化聚硅氧烷或者每分子具有至多3个且优选不大于1个支链的这类聚硅氧烷。
聚二烷基硅氧烷(D)，尤其是聚二甲基硅氧烷(g)可以具有一个或多个Si(C1-C4烷基)2-OH基团。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯水分散体包含总共20-30重量％的聚氨酯(PU)或总共20-30重量％的聚氨酯(PU1)和(PU2)，合适的话1-10重量％，优选2-5重量％的固化剂，合适的话1-10重量％的聚硅氧烷化合物(f)，0-10重量％，优选0.5-5重量％的聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯水分散体包含10-30重量％的软质聚氨酯(PU1)和0-20重量％的硬质聚氨酯(PU2)。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯水分散体具有总共5-60重量％，优选10-50重量％，更优选25-45重量％的固体含量。
这些重量％各自适用于活性或固体成分且基于全部聚氨酯水分散体。至100重量％的余量优选为连续相，例如水或一种或多种有机溶剂与水的混合物。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯水分散体包含至少一种选自颜料、消光剂(antilusterants)、光稳定剂、抗静电剂、防污剂、防裂剂、增稠剂，尤其是基于聚氨酯的增稠剂，以及微球的添加剂(h)。
在本发明的实施方案中，聚氨酯水分散体包含总共至多20重量％的添加剂(h)。
聚氨酯水分散体还可以包含一种或多种有机溶剂。合适的有机溶剂例如为醇类如乙醇或异丙醇，尤其是二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇或四甘醇，以及二-C1-C4烷基或优选单-C1-C4烷基醚化的二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇或四甘醇。合适有机溶剂的实例为乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、四甘醇、二丙二醇、1，2-二甲氧基乙烷、甲基三甘醇(“甲基三乙二醇”)和三甘醇正丁基醚(“丁基三甘醇”)。
聚氨酯水分散体可通过将聚氨酯(PU)、固化剂和聚硅氧烷化合物(f)与水以及合适的话一种或多种上述有机溶剂混合而生产。需要的话，还混入聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)和添加剂(h)。混合例如可采用搅拌形式。聚氨酯(PU)、固化剂、聚硅氧烷化合物(f)与水以及合适的话一种或多种上述有机溶剂以及需要的话聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)和添加剂(h)的加入顺序可自由选择。
优选由分散于水或水与有机溶剂的混合物中的聚氨酯(PU)或分散的软质聚氨酯(PU1)和硬质聚氨酯(PU2)进行，并优选在搅拌下加入固化剂和聚硅氧烷化合物(f)以及需要的话聚二烷基硅氧烷(g)和合适的话一种或多种有机溶剂。然而，优选不加入有机溶剂。
在有利的实施方案中，作为添加剂(h)实例的增稠剂最后加入以由此将聚氨酯水分散体的粘度调节至所需值。
在聚氨酯层(C)固化之后，将其与模分离，例如通过剥离分离而获得聚氨酯膜(C)，其形成本发明多层复合材料中的聚氨酯层(C)。
在本发明生产方法的另一操作中，优选将有机胶粘剂非均匀地，例如以点、斑点或条形式施加至聚氨酯膜(C)或泡沫(A)上。在本发明的一个方案中，将一种优选有机胶粘剂施加至聚氨酯膜(C)上并将一种优选有机胶粘剂施加至泡沫(A)上，其中所述两种胶粘剂例如由于一种或多种添加剂而不同或因为它们包含化学不同的优选有机胶粘剂而不同。然后，将聚氨酯膜(C)与泡沫(A)粘合在一起，使得胶粘剂层位于聚氨酯膜(C)与泡沫(A)之间。胶粘剂例如热固化、通过光化辐射或通过老化而固化以获得本发明多层复合材料。
在本发明的实施方案中，中间层(D)设置于泡沫(A)和粘合层(B)之间、粘合层(B)和聚氨酯层(C)之间或两个粘合层(B)之间。
中间层(D)如上所定义。
设置可手动或机械，连续或分批进行。
本发明进一步提供本发明多层复合材料在生产座椅中的用途。座椅例如为运输工具如船、汽车、飞机、铁路车辆、有轨电车、公共汽车的座椅，尤其是儿童座椅。本发明进一步提供一种通过使用本发明多层复合材料生产座椅的方法。本发明进一步提供包含本发明多层复合材料的座椅。仅仅很少的汗在本发明座椅表面聚集；水分以及其它液体/流体被吸收。
本发明进一步提供本发明多层复合材料在车辆内部的用途，例如在扶手、车顶衬里、内部装饰和中央控制台中的用途。本发明多层复合材料不仅具有视觉上的吸引力，而且具有非常舒适的手感，并且可以具有隔热和/或隔音作用。本发明进一步提供在内部含有至少一种本发明多层复合材料的车辆。
本发明多层复合材料的另一用途是用于电气用品及其包装材料，例如手机和手机膜、游戏控制台、计算机键盘。本发明多层复合材料的另一用途是用于生产家具，例如沙发，可以躺的家具如躺椅、扶手椅和座椅。本发明复合材料的另一用途是用作或用于生产建筑物内部部件，例如用于防止热消耗的隔热和隔音。
本发明进一步提供本发明复合材料作为清洁海绵或在生产清洁海绵中的用途。本发明清洁海绵具有吸引人的外观。
工作实施例进一步阐述本发明。
I.生产原料
I.1生产聚氨酯水分散体Disp.1
在搅拌容器中混合以下物质：
由作为二异氰酸酯的重量比为13∶10的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(a1.1)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(a1.2)与作为二醇的通过摩尔比为1∶1∶2的间苯二甲酸、己二酸和1，4-二羟基甲基环己烷(异构体混合物)缩聚制备的分子量Mw为800g/mol的聚酯二醇(b1.1)，5重量％的1，4-丁二醇(b1.2)以及3重量％的单甲基化聚乙二醇(c.1)以及3重量％的H2N-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-COOH(重量％全部基于聚酯二醇(b1.1))制备的软质聚氨酯(PU1.1)的7重量％水分散体(粒径：125nm，固体含量：40％)，软质聚氨酯(PU1.1)的软化点：62℃，在55℃下开始软化，肖氏A级硬度：54，
可通过使异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(a1.2)、1，4-丁二醇、1，1-二羟甲基丙酸、水合肼和分子量Mw为4200g/mol的聚丙二醇反应获得的硬质聚氨酯(PU2.2)的65重量％水分散体(粒径：150nm)，软化点：195℃，肖氏A级硬度：86，
3.5重量％的化合物(V.1)的70重量％溶液(在碳酸亚丙酯中)，
6重量％根据EP-A 0 738 747的实施例2的聚硅氧烷化合物(f.1)的65重量％水分散体，
2重量％的炭黑，
0.5重量％基于聚氨酯的增稠剂，
1重量％的聚偏二氯乙烯微球，填充异丁烷，直径20μm，例如以Expancel
由Akzo Nobel市购。
这得到固体含量为35％和在23℃下动态粘度为25秒的水分散体Disp.1，其中动态粘度根据1996年5月的DIN EN ISO 2431测量。
I.2生产含水配制剂Disp.2
在搅拌容器中混合以下物质：
由作为二异氰酸酯的重量比为13∶10的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(a1.1)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(a1.2)与作为二醇的通过摩尔比为1∶1∶2的间苯二甲酸、己二酸和1，4-二羟基甲基环己烷(异构体混合物)缩聚制备的分子量Mw为800g/mol的聚酯二醇(b1.1)，5重量％的1，4-丁二醇(b1.2)，3重量％的单甲基化聚乙二醇(c.1)以及3重量％的H2N-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-COOH(重量％全部基于聚酯二醇(b1.1))制备的软质聚氨酯(PU1.1)的7重量％水分散体(粒径：125nm，固体含量：40％)，软化点：62℃，在55℃下开始软化，肖氏A级硬度：54，
可通过使异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(a1.2)、1，4-丁二醇、1，1-二羟甲基丙酸、水合肼和分子量Mw为4200g/mol的聚丙二醇(b1.3)反应获得的硬质聚氨酯(PU2.2)的65重量％水分散体(粒径：150nm)，聚氨酯(PU2.2)的软化点：195℃，肖氏A级硬度：90，
3.5重量％的化合物(V.1)的70重量％溶液(在碳酸亚丙酯中)，
NCO含量：12％，
2重量％的炭黑。
这得到固体含量为35％和在23℃下动态粘度为25秒的聚氨酯分散体Disp.2，其中动态粘度根据1996年5月的DIN EN ISO 2431测量。
I.3生产蜜胺泡沫(A.1)
在敞口容器中，将喷雾干燥的蜜胺-甲醛预缩合物(摩尔比1∶3，分子量约500)加入包含3重量％甲酸和1.5重量％在烷基中具有12-18个碳原子的磺酸烷基酯混合物的钠盐(来自Bayer AG的Emulgator K30乳化剂)的水溶液中，其中百分数基于蜜胺-甲醛预缩合物。蜜胺-甲醛预缩合物的浓度基于蜜胺-甲醛预缩合物和水的全部混合物为74％。激烈搅拌可由此获得的混合物，然后加入20％的正戊烷。继续搅拌(约3分钟)直到形成具有均匀外观的分散体。将其刮涂到聚四氟乙烯涂覆的玻璃织物支撑物材料上并在其中盛行的空气温度为150℃的干燥箱中发泡和固化。泡沫中产生的温度为正戊烷沸点，在这些条件下为37℃。在7-8分钟之后，泡沫上升至其最大高度。由此得到的泡沫(A.1)在150℃下继续保留在干燥箱中10分钟；随后将其在180℃下热调节30分钟并切割成厚度为3cm的片。
发现泡沫(A.1)具有以下性能：
DIN ISO 4590开孔率：99.6％，
DIN 53577压缩强度(40％)：1.3kPa，
EN ISO 845密度：13.0kg/m3，
平均孔径：210μm，通过评价横截面的显微照片来确定，
DIN 66131BET表面积：6.4m2/g，
DIN 52215吸音：93％，
DIN 52212吸音：大于0.9。
II.生产模
将液体聚硅氧烷倾倒至具有全粒面牛皮(full grain calf leather)图案的表面上。通过以在四乙氧基硅烷中的25重量％溶液加入二正丁基二(1-氧代新癸基氧基)锡烷的溶液作为酸性固化剂固化聚硅氧烷而获得平均厚度为2mm的聚硅氧烷橡胶层，其用作模。将该模粘附至1.5mm厚的铝支撑物上。
III.将聚氨酯水分散体施加至来自II.的模上
将至来自II.的模置于可加热表面上并将其加热至91℃。然后通过喷雾喷嘴在88g/m2(湿)下将Disp.1喷雾至该模上。在施加过程中没有混入空气，该施加用直径为0.46mm的喷雾喷嘴在65巴压力下进行。然后在91℃下固化直到表面不再发粘。
喷雾喷嘴位于在其下方穿过的表面以上20cm，并且可在该表面的输送方向上移动且沿该表面的输送方向横向移动。该表面用约14秒穿过喷雾喷嘴且温度为59℃。在于85℃下暴露于干燥热空气流约2分钟之后，由此产生的具有网状外观的聚氨酯膜(C.1)基本上不含水。
在类似的方案中，随后立即在50g/m2(湿)下将Disp.2与粘合层(B.1)施加至由此涂覆的模上，然后使其干燥。
这得到用聚氨酯膜(C.1)和粘合层(B.1)涂覆的模。
泡沫(A.1)用Disp.2在30g/m2(湿)下喷雾。在几秒之后，泡沫(A.1)表面干燥。
IV.生产本发明多层复合材料
然后，将泡沫(A.1)以喷雾侧置于与聚氨酯膜(C.1)一起存在于模上的仍然热的粘合层(B.1)上，并在压机中在4巴和110℃下压制15秒。由此得到的本发明多层复合材料MSV.1随后从压机上取下并除去模。
由此得到的本发明多层复合材料MSV.1显著之处在于舒适的手感，与皮革表面相同的外观以及透气性。此外，本发明多层复合材料MSV.1容易清除污物如灰尘。
Claims (20)
1.一种多层复合材料，其包含如下组分：
(A)泡沫层，其中泡沫选自聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫、聚酯泡沫、丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物泡沫、天然海绵和氨基树脂泡沫，
(B)任选至少一个粘合层，和
(C)聚氨酯层。
2.根据权利要求1的多层复合材料，其中所述聚氨酯层(C)具有贯穿整个聚氨酯层(C)厚度的毛细管。
3.根据权利要求1或2的多层复合材料，其中氨基树脂泡沫包括密胺泡沫。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的多层复合材料，其中所述粘合层(B)包括固化有机胶粘剂层。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的多层复合材料，其中所述聚氨酯层(C)显示出图案。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的多层复合材料，其中所述聚氨酯层(C)具有丝绒状外观。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的多层复合材料，其中所述粘合层(B)包括间断的固化有机胶粘剂层。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的多层复合材料，其额外包含至少一个设置于泡沫(A)与粘合层(B)之间、粘合层(B)与聚氨酯层(C)之间或两个粘合层(B)之间的中间层(D)，其中中间层(D)选自织物、纸张、油页岩沉积材料、皮革和开孔泡沫。
9.一种生产根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料的方法，其包括如下步骤：借助模形成聚氨酯层(C)，将至少一种有机胶粘剂均匀或部分施加至泡沫(A)和/或聚氨酯层(C)上，然后将聚氨酯层(C)逐点、逐条或逐面粘合于泡沫(A)上。
10.根据权利要求9的方法，其中所述聚氨酯层(C)借助聚硅氧烷模形成。
11.根据权利要求9或10的方法，其中所述聚硅氧烷模包括借助激光刻蚀结构化的聚硅氧烷模。
12.根据权利要求9-11中任一项的方法，其中所述模通过使用激光在模内刻出平均深度为50-250μm且中心距为50-250μm的阱而结构化。
13.根据权利要求9-12中任一项的方法，其中中间层(D)设置于所述泡沫(A)与所述粘合层(B)之间、所述粘合层(B)与聚氨酯层(C)之间或两个粘合层(B)之间。
14.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料在生产家具中的用途。
15.使用根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料生产家具的方法。
16.包含根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料的家具。
17.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料作为清洁海绵或在生产清洁海绵中的用途。
18.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料在车辆内部的用途。
19.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料在隔音中的用途。
20.在内部含有至少一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项的多层复合材料的车辆。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08102075 | 2008-02-27 | ||
| EP08102075.2 | 2008-02-27 | ||
| PCT/EP2009/052106 WO2009106498A1 (de) | 2008-02-27 | 2009-02-23 | Mehrschichtige verbundmaterialien, die eine schaumstoffschicht umfassen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101959678A true CN101959678A (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
Family
ID=40510639
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980106823XA Pending CN101959678A (zh) | 2008-02-27 | 2009-02-23 | 包含泡沫层的多层复合材料、对应的生产方法及其用途 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8486522B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2268483B1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101590206B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101959678A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2713116C (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2677346T3 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT2268483T (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2009106498A1 (zh) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386939A (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 用于车辆的软垫及其制造方法 |
| CN105200796A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2015-12-30 | 扬州市德运塑业科技股份有限公司 | 一种环保高去污性汽车专用皮革 |
| CN106084749A (zh) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏新光环保工程有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯吸声材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107428113A (zh) * | 2015-03-16 | 2017-12-01 | 罗杰斯公司 | 用于制造聚合物泡沫复合材料的方法、由其制备的聚合物泡沫复合材料、以及由其制备的制品 |
| CN107553994A (zh) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-09 | 郑州峰泰纳米材料有限公司 | 一种客车车身用密胺复合泡沫及其制造方法 |
| CN113165319A (zh) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-07-23 | 史杜德电缆公司 | 生物基人造革 |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2303569B1 (de) | 2008-07-17 | 2020-07-08 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von mehrschichtigen verbundkörpern |
| DE202010011015U1 (de) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-11-16 | Philipp Schaefer | Formatzuschnitt |
| US9339994B2 (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2016-05-17 | Kittrich Corporation | Foamed surface covering with coherent layer |
| US9895255B2 (en) | 2013-01-23 | 2018-02-20 | Hollister Incorporated | Multilayer film including foam layer and gas barrier layer |
| US10322024B2 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2019-06-18 | Hollister Incorporated | Multilayer film including foam layer and ostomy products made therefrom |
| CN103786414B (zh) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江润阳新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种高散热防水减震材料 |
| WO2015148035A1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Hollister Incorporated | Multilayer film including foam layer and gas barrier layer |
| CN104723645B (zh) * | 2015-04-03 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆延锋江森汽车部件系统有限公司 | 一种车辆片材的复合设备 |
| EP3291986B1 (de) | 2015-05-06 | 2019-02-27 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von verbundmaterialien |
| BR112018074960A2 (pt) | 2016-06-06 | 2019-03-12 | Basf Coatings Gmbh | processo para preparação de materiais compósitos multicamadas. |
| EP3464406B1 (de) * | 2016-06-07 | 2020-03-04 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Mehrschichtaufbau, dessen herstellung und verwendung |
| GB2578167B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2023-06-21 | Adv Med Solutions Ltd | Ostomy device |
| US10953819B2 (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-03-23 | Kasai North America, Inc. | Vehicle interior trim |
| EP4076887A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2022-10-26 | BASF Coatings GmbH | Process for producing a structured and optionally coated article and article obtained from said process |
| WO2022272115A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 | Bmic Llc | Building materials comprising graphene and related methods |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE636018A (zh) * | 1962-08-13 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US4427759A (en) | 1982-01-21 | 1984-01-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing an overcoated photopolymer printing plate |
| GB2170713B (en) * | 1985-02-13 | 1988-10-05 | Tpo Pharmachim | Human skin substitute for temporary use |
| DE3903863A1 (de) * | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-28 | Benecke Ag J H | Mehrschichtiges polyurethan (pur-) polstermaterial |
| DE19514665A1 (de) | 1995-04-20 | 1996-10-24 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Wäßrige Dispersionen von Organopolysiloxanen |
| EP1190828A1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-03-27 | Recticel | Method and mould for manufacturing polyurethane articles |
| FR2836470B1 (fr) * | 2002-02-25 | 2004-07-09 | J S O | Matelassure en mousse de melanine et ses applications |
| US20030192141A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-16 | Magic Homewares Llc | Scrub Sponge |
| US20030198822A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-10-23 | Phillipp Schaefer | Leather assembly and method of fabricating a leather assembly |
| JP4455012B2 (ja) | 2003-11-05 | 2010-04-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ２液硬化型ポリウレタン塗料組成物及び塗装物品 |
| KR101146030B1 (ko) * | 2003-11-15 | 2012-05-14 | 바스프 에스이 | 드레싱이 제공된 기재 |
| DE102004019708A1 (de) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-17 | Basf Ag | Offenzellige Schaumstoffe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| AT8006U1 (de) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-15 | Schaefer Philipp | An seiner oberseite mit einer zurichtung versehener träger |
| US20070264462A1 (en) * | 2005-02-11 | 2007-11-15 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Laminated fabric construction with heat activated polyurethaneurea compositions |
| DE102005045047A1 (de) | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-22 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Matrizen zur Herstellung von Dekor-Zurichtungen |
| JP2007169397A (ja) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-07-05 | Nippon Bee Chemical Co Ltd | 水性一液型塗料組成物及び塗装物品 |
| EP1882610A3 (de) | 2006-07-28 | 2011-08-31 | Se Basf | Fahrzeugsitz und dafür geeignete Substrate |
| US20100092726A1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2010-04-15 | Basf Se | Composite material, particularly synthetic leather |
| JP5970154B2 (ja) | 2007-03-21 | 2016-08-17 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | 水性分散液、及びそのシート状基材の製造のための使用方法 |
| CN101959677A (zh) | 2008-02-27 | 2011-01-26 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 包含含纤维素层的多层复合材料，相应生产方法及其用途 |
| CN101959681A (zh) | 2008-02-27 | 2011-01-26 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 包含塑料或金属箔的多层复合材料，相应生产方法及其用途 |
| JP5717449B2 (ja) | 2008-02-27 | 2015-05-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | 多層複合材料、その製造方法及びその使用方法 |
| DE102008000419A1 (de) | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | Basf Se | Mehrschichtige Verbundmaterialien, die ein textiles Flächengebilde umfassen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| EP2303569B1 (de) | 2008-07-17 | 2020-07-08 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von mehrschichtigen verbundkörpern |
| US20120028565A1 (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2012-02-02 | Basf Se | Objects having at least one opening covered by a membrane, and method for production thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-02-23 ES ES09715315.9T patent/ES2677346T3/es active Active
- 2009-02-23 US US12/919,022 patent/US8486522B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-23 EP EP09715315.9A patent/EP2268483B1/de active Active
- 2009-02-23 KR KR1020107020386A patent/KR101590206B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-23 CA CA2713116A patent/CA2713116C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-23 PT PT97153159T patent/PT2268483T/pt unknown
- 2009-02-23 CN CN200980106823XA patent/CN101959678A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-23 WO PCT/EP2009/052106 patent/WO2009106498A1/de active Application Filing
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386939A (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 用于车辆的软垫及其制造方法 |
| CN107428113A (zh) * | 2015-03-16 | 2017-12-01 | 罗杰斯公司 | 用于制造聚合物泡沫复合材料的方法、由其制备的聚合物泡沫复合材料、以及由其制备的制品 |
| CN105200796A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2015-12-30 | 扬州市德运塑业科技股份有限公司 | 一种环保高去污性汽车专用皮革 |
| CN106084749A (zh) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏新光环保工程有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯吸声材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107553994A (zh) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-09 | 郑州峰泰纳米材料有限公司 | 一种客车车身用密胺复合泡沫及其制造方法 |
| CN113165319A (zh) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-07-23 | 史杜德电缆公司 | 生物基人造革 |
| CN113165319B (zh) * | 2018-10-25 | 2023-03-10 | 史杜德电缆公司 | 生物基人造革 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009106498A1 (de) | 2009-09-03 |
| CA2713116A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
| EP2268483A1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
| KR101590206B1 (ko) | 2016-02-01 |
| US8486522B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 |
| US20100330356A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
| ES2677346T3 (es) | 2018-08-01 |
| CA2713116C (en) | 2016-05-10 |
| KR20100127225A (ko) | 2010-12-03 |
| EP2268483B1 (de) | 2018-04-11 |
| PT2268483T (pt) | 2018-07-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101959678A (zh) | 包含泡沫层的多层复合材料、对应的生产方法及其用途 | |
| CN102099184B (zh) | 连续生产多层复合体的方法 | |
| CN101959676A (zh) | 包含织物片材的多层复合材料,相应生产方法及其用途 | |
| CN101959681A (zh) | 包含塑料或金属箔的多层复合材料，相应生产方法及其用途 | |
| CN101959679A (zh) | 多层复合材料、其生产及用途 | |
| JP5670206B2 (ja) | セルロース含有層を有する多層複合材料とその製造方法及び用途 | |
| CN102056737A (zh) | 包含水蒸气可透塑料箔的多层复合材料，其制备方法及用途 | |
| CN103237640A (zh) | 制备多层复合结构体的方法 | |
| CN102186688A (zh) | 具有至少一个由膜所覆盖的开孔的制品及其生产方法 | |
| TW202306775A (zh) | 包含發泡粒子之多層複合材料 | |
| WO2010137264A1 (ja) | ポリウレタン積層体の製造方法及び該製造方法により得られたポリウレタン積層体 | |
| JP2023500773A (ja) | 非溶剤２ｋポリウレタン人工皮革組成物、それで調製された人工皮革、およびその調製方法 | |
| TW202346075A (zh) | E-tpu粒子泡沫材料之局部壓實 | |
| WO2009106497A1 (de) | Mehrschichtige verbundmaterialien, die eine manuell nicht biegsame schicht umfassen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20110126 |