CN101956612B - 无拉线式电子油门控制方法 - Google Patents

无拉线式电子油门控制方法 Download PDF

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CN101956612B
CN101956612B CN201010296754.8A CN201010296754A CN101956612B CN 101956612 B CN101956612 B CN 101956612B CN 201010296754 A CN201010296754 A CN 201010296754A CN 101956612 B CN101956612 B CN 101956612B
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CN101956612A (zh
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曾卫东
潘亚敏
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Shanxi Guoli Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及节气门控制技术,特别是无拉线式电子油门控制方法,它至少包括:电机、角度传感器、回位弹簧、控制器、节气阀,节气阀的节气门控制轴,其特征是:节气阀的节气门控制轴与电机的输出轴同轴连接,所述的节气门控制轴与电机的输出轴之间连接的角度传感器是差动电容式角度传感器,差动电容式角度传感器的两个固定电极片与壳体固定,差动电容式角度传感器的一个动电极片与电机的输出轴固定,控制器在接收到油门控制命令后,依据控制器的命令和检测差动电容式角度传感器的电容量控制电机使节气门控制轴转动。它提供了一种使用寿命长、安全可靠的无拉线式电子油门控制方法。

Description

无拉线式电子油门控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及节气门控制技术,特别是无拉线式电子油门控制方法。
背景技术
由于出于环保、经济、可靠性等各种原因,现在较新的车型普遍采用电子油门,所谓电子油门是针对以前的拉线油门而言的,传统的拉线油门用细钢绳直接将油门踏板与节气们相连,油门踏板的踩下深浅直接与节气们的开合大小对应。
传统的拉线油门的特点是系统简单,控制直接,油门踏板与节气们开度是1∶1的;而电子油门的特点是油门踏板只表征驾驶者的操作意向,而最终的节气门控制权交给了控制器。
由控制器控制节气门开度,是由控制器检测节气门位置传感器,实时采集节气门开度,对闭环控制进行位置反馈,节气门位置传感器是节气门状态惟一的检测元件。节气门位置传感器具有良好的线性关系。因此,根据节气门位置传感器提供的电压信号,可以准确地检测出节气门连续的旋转角度。
现有的节气门位置传感器多采用电位器结构的电阻检测方式,采用电位器结构的节气门位置传感器存在使用寿命短,易损坏的的问题,影响着电子油门控制系统的可靠性和安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种使用寿命长、安全可靠的的无拉线式电子油门控制方法。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,无拉线式电子油门控制方法,它至少包括:电机、角度传感器、回位弹簧、控制器、节气阀,节气阀的节气门控制轴,其特征是:节气阀的节气门控制轴与电机的输出轴同轴连接,所述的节气门控制轴与电机的输出轴之间连接的角度传感器是差动电容式角度传感器,差动电容式角度传感器的两个固定电极片与壳体固定,差动电容式角度传感器的一个动电极片与电机的输出轴固定,控制器在接收到油门控制命令后,依据控制器的命令和检测差动电容式角度传感器的电容量控制电机使节气门控制轴转动。
所述的电机是步进电机或伺服直流电机。
所述的节气阀的节气门控制轴与回位弹簧连接,当电机失电时,回位弹簧使节气阀关闭。
所述的电机、差动电容式角度传感器、回位弹簧、控制器固定在壳体内,以便保护差动电容式角度传感器和控制器工作在密封闭的环境内。
本发明的优点是:由角度传感器、控制器、伺服电动机和节气门执行机构组成。角度传感器安装在伺服电动机输出轴,随时监测油门节气门开口度,当监测到油门开口度变化,会瞬间将此信息送往控制器,控制器对该信息和其它系统传来的数据信息进行运算处理,计算出一个控制信号,通过线路送到伺服电动机,伺服电动机驱动节气门执行机构。由于电子油门系统是通过ECU来调整节气门的,因此电子油门系统可以设置各种功能来改善驾驶的安全性和舒适性,其中最常见的就是ASR(牵引力控制系统)和速度控制系统(巡航控制)。
电子油门根据传感器反馈信息由发动机电脑板来自动调整节气门最佳开度,保证最佳混合比,最大特点就是燃烧充分,环保,省油。而拉线方式就是你踩踏板越大,节气门开度就越大,进的空气和汽油就越多,特点:燃烧不充分,不环保,费油。
附图说明
下面结合实施例附图对本发明作进一步说明:
图1是本发明实施例结构示意图节气门零开度状态图;
图2是本发明实施例结构示意图节气门有开度状态图;
图3是电容式角位移传感器结构示意图;
图4是节气门与位置传感器标定图;
图5是节气门开度与PWM控制信号的关系图。
图中:1、电机;2、差动电容式角度传感器;3、回位弹簧;4、控制器;5、壳体;6、节气阀;7、节气门控制轴;8、动电极片;9、固定电极片;10、输出轴。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,无拉线式电子油门控制方法,它至少包括:电机1、角度传感器、回位弹簧3、控制器4、节气阀6,节气阀6的节气门控制轴7,节气阀6的节气门控制轴7与电机1的输出轴10同轴连接,节气门控制轴7与电机1的输出轴10之间连接有差动电容式角度传感器2,差动电容式角度传感器2的两个固定电极片9与壳体5固定,差动电容式角度传感器2的一个动电极片8与电机1的输出轴10固定,控制器4在接收到油门控制命令后,依据控制器4的命令和差动电容式角度传感器2的电容量控制电机1使节气门控制轴7转动,如图2所示。
如图3和图4所示,差动电容式角度传感器2包括两个固定电极片9构成的半圆和一个扇面动电极片8,固定电极片9与壳体5固定,差动电容式角度传感器2的一个动电极片8与电机1的输出轴10固定,控制器4在接收到油门控制命令后,依据控制器4的命令和差动电容式角度传感器2的电容量控制电机1使节气门控制轴7转动,动电极片8转动时,也就是电机1使节气门控制轴7在转动,差动电容式角度传感器2输出电压与节气门控制轴转动角需要进行标定,如图4所示。
电机1是步进电机或伺服直流电机。工作时,电机1的输出力矩与驱动信号占空比成正比。占空比增大时,电机驱动力矩大于回位弹簧3阻力矩,节气门开度增加;当占空比减小时,电机驱动力矩小于复位弹簧阻力矩,节气门开度减小。
节气阀6的节气门控制轴7与回位弹簧3连接,当电机1失电时,回位弹簧3使节气阀6关闭。
为了使系统可靠工作,电机1、差动电容式角度传感器2、回位弹簧3、控制器4固定在壳体5内,以便保护差动电容式角度传感器2和控制器4工作在密封闭的环境内。
本发明控制器采用单片机,单片机的可调的PWM信号输出的频率为10kHz,占空比可调,经过功率放大后对直流电机进行驱动。
通过标定试验,节气门开度和PWM信号占空比关系如图5所示。由于回位弹簧3滞后等非线性因素影响,节气门开度和PWM控制信号占空比成近似的线性关系。

Claims (1)

1.无拉线式电子油门控制方法,它至少包括:电机(1)、角度传感器、回位弹簧(3)、控制器(4)、节气阀(6),节气阀(6)的节气门控制轴(7),其特征是:节气阀(6)的节气门控制轴(7)与电机(1)的输出轴同轴连接,节气门控制轴(7)与电机(1)的输出轴(10)之间连接的角度传感器是差动电容式角度传感器(2),差动电容式角度传感器(2)的两个固定电极片与壳体固定,差动电容式角度传感器的一个动电极片与电机(1)的输出轴固定,控制器(4)在接收到油门控制命令后,依据控制器(4)的命令和检测差动电容式角度传感器(2)的电容量控制电机(1)使节气门控制轴(7)转动;所述的电机(1)是步进电机或伺服直流电机;所述的节气阀(6)的节气门控制轴(7)与回位弹簧(3)连接,当电机(1)失电时,回位弹簧(3)使节气阀(6)关闭;所述的电机(1)、差动电容式角度传感器(2)、回位弹簧(3)、控制器(4)固定在壳体(5)内,以便保护差动电容式角度传感器(2)和控制器(4)工作在密封闭的环境内;工作时,电机的输出力矩与驱动信号占空比成正比;占空比增大时,电机驱动力矩大于回位弹簧阻力矩,节气门开度增加;当占空比减小时,电机驱动力矩小于复位弹簧阻力矩,节气门开度减小。
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CN107587946A (zh) * 2017-10-23 2018-01-16 山东交通学院 一种拖拉机无线遥控油门调节装置
CN108150297A (zh) * 2018-02-09 2018-06-12 辽宁壮龙无人机科技有限公司 飞行器及其节气门
CN114563020A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-31 东风(十堰)车身部件有限责任公司 一种差动变极距电容感应式电子油门踏板

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