CN101932634A - 一种制造具有含抗臭氧剂的聚合物外套的电绝缘子的方法 - Google Patents

一种制造具有含抗臭氧剂的聚合物外套的电绝缘子的方法 Download PDF

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CN101932634A
CN101932634A CN2009801039909A CN200980103990A CN101932634A CN 101932634 A CN101932634 A CN 101932634A CN 2009801039909 A CN2009801039909 A CN 2009801039909A CN 200980103990 A CN200980103990 A CN 200980103990A CN 101932634 A CN101932634 A CN 101932634A
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antiozonidate
polymer materials
oxidation inhibitor
composite insulator
weight concentration
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居伊·泰维奈
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Societe Europeenne dIsolateurs en Verre et Composite SEDIVER SA
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    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/20Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
    • C08J3/22Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
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    • H01B3/18Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
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Abstract

一种制造复合绝缘子的方法,所述复合绝缘子具有由掺入抗臭氧剂和抗氧剂的聚合物材料制成的防护外套。所述方法包括主要为将所述抗臭氧剂以处于0.005%至1%的范围内的最终重量浓度,和所述抗氧剂以处于0.005%至1%的范围内的最终重量浓度掺入到所述聚合物材料中的步骤,所述抗臭氧剂选自苯二胺家族,且所述抗氧剂选自多官能酚类抗氧剂家族。

Description

一种制造具有含抗臭氧剂的聚合物外套的电绝缘子的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及制造复合绝缘子的方法,所述复合绝缘子具有由掺入抗臭氧剂和抗氧剂的聚合物材料制成的防护外套。
背景技术
由复合材料制成且用作线路绝缘子或变电站绝缘子或者用于其它电气设备的电绝缘子的外套通常由聚合物或弹性体材料如硅树脂、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、二元乙丙橡胶(EPM)或其它合适材料制成。为简化起见,这些聚合物或弹性体材料在下文中称为“聚合物材料”。
这种绝缘子被用于电网或高电压设备中。更特别地,旨在安装在开口端,在此经受来自环境的攻击。在某些环境条件下,聚合物材料外套的表面发生变化并影响绝缘子的性能。
首先对从线路上取来的绝缘子和其次在实验室中对经受电活动的聚合物材料样品所进行的分析表明:这种变化是由聚合物材料外套的表面受到臭氧和硝酸攻击而引起的。
外套的表面的这种变化是在有利于此变化的室外条件下所述表面的电活动的直接结果:通过放电到周围环境空气中产生臭氧,臭氧与空气中的氮气、氧气和水分反应引起硝酸形成。
文献WO 91/06106提供了一种复合绝缘子,所述复合绝缘子可被外套覆盖以保护其免受环境的影响,包括臭氧攻击。
文献US 4 638 026公开了使用来自酚类抗氧剂家族的抗氧剂助剂和来自苯二胺家族的抗臭氧剂使聚合物材料稳定。这种助剂可用在例如汽车领域,来保护所述材料构成的轮胎。
在复合材料绝缘子领域中,文献US 2005/0209384公开了一种处理电绝缘子的方法,通过用硅树脂弹性体外套覆盖其表面以保护其免受外部环境影响。然而,没有具体的提及是由具有抗臭氧保护的外套的表面制成的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制造电绝缘子的方法,其能耐受外部环境引起的来自臭氧的侵蚀。
为此,本发明提供了一种制造复合绝缘子的方法,所述复合绝缘子具有由掺入抗臭氧剂和抗氧剂的聚合物材料制成的防护外套,所述方法的特征在于它包括主要为将所述抗臭氧剂以处于0.005%至1%的范围内的最终重量浓度和所述抗氧剂以处于0.005%至1%的范围内的最终重量浓度掺入到所述聚合物材料中的步骤,所述抗臭氧剂选自苯二胺的家族,且所述抗氧剂选自多官能酚类抗氧剂的家族。
具体实施方式
采用本发明方法,实验室试验已表明:通过将多官能酚类抗氧剂家族的这种抗氧剂添加剂以处于0.005%-1%的范围内的最终重量浓度,连同苯二胺家族的这种抗臭氧剂添加剂以处于0.005%-1%的范围内的最终重量浓度掺入并分布于聚合物材料中,在考虑中的聚合物材料的表面的耐受降解的能力上获得了有益效果。这些浓度在下文中用术语“最佳浓度”表示。
要掺入的添加剂的量需要被控制,尤其关于抗臭氧剂,因为硫化前已掺入聚合物材料中的抗臭氧剂的高最终浓度(超过1%)阻碍聚合物材料的全硫化过程,从而损害其性能。
例如,通过选择硅树脂作为聚合物材料,用约0.05%抗氧剂和约0.1%抗臭氧剂掺入到硅树脂中,已获得了在其表面耐受降解的能力上的有益效果。
上述添加剂可以通过各种方法掺入到构成电绝缘子的外套的聚合物材料的主体中,所述方法可发生在聚合物材料的硫化之前(第一种方法)或之后(第二种方法)
在通过浸渍进行的第一种方法中,将要处理的部件即被覆盖在聚合物材料的外套中的复合绝缘子长时间例如约24小时浸在溶剂(例如正己烷)中,所述溶剂含有上面提到的各自的最佳浓度的选自上述家族的抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂。在溶剂存在下,聚合物材料溶胀,从而使得溶剂和添加剂能均匀渗透到聚合物材料中。随后处理过的部件在空气中或炉内干燥,以除去已渗透到聚合物材料中的溶剂,而将添加剂留在聚合物材料中。这产生了被覆盖在含有抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂的聚合物材料的外套中的复合绝缘子,所述抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂均匀分布于外套中。
在通过掺入进行的第二种方法中,在聚合物材料自身的制造过程中和硫化之前将所述抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂以各自的最佳浓度掺入到聚合物材料中。
对于抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂的低最终浓度,例如0.05%,难以获得所述添加剂在聚合物材料的基体中的均匀分布或分散,且获得混合物所需的时间长。
为了确保所述添加剂遍及聚合物材料的均匀分散,即使是在添加剂的低最终浓度下,可使用通过掺入进行的第二种方法的变体。在此变体中,“母料”是由聚合物材料制成的,所述母料具有与最终聚合物材料相同的组分,但添加到其中的抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂的浓度大于它们的最终的最佳浓度。随后,在聚合物材料制造过程中,可将母料按比例掺入到其中以获得抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂的各自的最佳浓度。通过掺入进行的第二种方法的此种变体使得获得所述添加剂在聚合物材料的基体中均匀分散的聚合物材料成为可能。
特别地,可选择母料中抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂添加剂的浓度比最终最佳浓度大十倍。在这种情况下,在掺入过程中,聚合物材料的量为90%而母料的量为10%。

Claims (6)

1.一种制造复合绝缘子的方法,所述复合绝缘子具有由掺入抗氧剂和抗臭氧剂的聚合物材料所制成的防护外套,所述方法的特征在于:它包括主要为将所述抗臭氧剂以处于0.005%至1%的范围内的最终重量浓度,和所述抗氧剂以处于0.005%至1%的范围内的最终重量浓度掺入到所述聚合物材料中的步骤,所述抗臭氧剂选自苯二胺家族,且所述抗氧剂选自多官能酚类抗氧剂家族。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制造复合绝缘子的方法,其中所述聚合物材料为硅树脂,所述抗臭氧剂以约0.1%的重量浓度掺入,且所述抗氧剂以约0.05%的重量浓度掺入。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制造复合绝缘子的方法,其中所述掺入步骤主要为将所述复合绝缘子连同所述外套浸入含所述抗氧剂和所述抗臭氧剂的溶剂中约24小时。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的制造复合绝缘子的方法,其中所述掺入步骤在硫化所述聚合物材料之前进行。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制造复合绝缘子的方法,其中所述掺入步骤包括制备具有各自高重量浓度的所述抗氧剂和所述抗臭氧剂的聚合物材料的第一批料,然后为了获得掺入所述抗氧剂和所述抗臭氧剂的用于所述外套的所述聚合物材料,将所述第一批料掺入到所述聚合物材料中。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制造复合绝缘子的方法,其中所述高重量浓度为在所述外套的所述聚合物材料中的所述抗氧剂和所述抗臭氧剂的所述最终浓度的大约10倍。
CN2009801039909A 2008-02-20 2009-02-13 一种制造具有含抗臭氧剂的聚合物外套的电绝缘子的方法 Pending CN101932634A (zh)

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US3005908P 2008-02-20 2008-02-20
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PCT/FR2009/050234 WO2009103923A2 (fr) 2008-02-20 2009-02-13 Procédé de fabrication d'un isolateur électrique avec un revêtement polymère contenant des agents anti-ozonants

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EP2245085A2 (fr) 2010-11-03
CA2712653A1 (fr) 2009-08-27
PL2245085T3 (pl) 2012-09-28
BRPI0907772A2 (pt) 2015-07-14
PT2245085E (pt) 2012-07-16
US8258218B2 (en) 2012-09-04
WO2009103923A3 (fr) 2010-07-22
EP2245085B1 (fr) 2012-04-25
ATE555152T1 (de) 2012-05-15
JP2011514621A (ja) 2011-05-06
SI2245085T1 (sl) 2012-08-31
HRP20120566T1 (hr) 2012-08-31
WO2009103923A2 (fr) 2009-08-27
US20110071242A1 (en) 2011-03-24

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