CN101926296A - Java tilapia breeding marking method - Google Patents
Java tilapia breeding marking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101926296A CN101926296A CN2010102351076A CN201010235107A CN101926296A CN 101926296 A CN101926296 A CN 101926296A CN 2010102351076 A CN2010102351076 A CN 2010102351076A CN 201010235107 A CN201010235107 A CN 201010235107A CN 101926296 A CN101926296 A CN 101926296A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a java tilapia breeding marking method. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly counting the amount of fish to be marked, and then selecting the corresponding combination for marking according to the amount; secondly when marking, putting the fish flatly on a desk, covering the eyes of the fish by using a towel, and sterilizing the part where a fin ray is pulled out with 75 percent alcohol; thirdly using a scalpel to separate the membrane connected with the fin ray to be pulled out, pressing lightly on the java tilapia with a hand, using hemostatic forceps to hold the fin ray tightly and pull out the fin ray along with the root, and sterilizing the wound at the root of the fin ray with 75 percent alcohol; and finally soaking and sterilizing the marked fish into 2 percent solution of table salt. The method does not affect the normal activity of java tilapia and can meet the demands of large-scale java tilapia breeding marking along with simple operation, low cost, lower extent of damage on the fish body, a mark retention rate of above 98 percent, and an effective recognition rate of 100 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technology at aquaculture field Mesichthyes mark, is a kind of technical method of realizing identification colony and detect each bar fish in Java tilapia breeding.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica has growth soon, and adaptability is strong, and characteristics Fresh ﹠ Tender in Texture are the leading fresh water kind of culturing of China, and are significant to China's foreign exchange earning.In recent years, owing to excessively pursue Tilapia mossambica output, ignore plasm resource protection between the parent, cause the parent impure, closed crossing influences the fast development of Tilapia mossambica industry.For cultivating high-quality and efficient Tilapia mossambica new varieties, must solve current existing problems by seed selection.
In the Java tilapia breeding process, the finiteness in experiment pond and the scale (especially family selective breeding) of breeding influence carrying out smoothly of breeding work, and follow the trail of by Tilapia mossambica being carried out mark, just can reduce the quantity and the error of avoiding causing in pond because of environment is different; Can also observe different cultivars or strain Tilapia mossambica and raise together with the variability of heritability, colony and genetic parameter difference between them together; And can more same strain Tilapia mossambica under identical breeding environment, growth rate, genetic variation between the Different Individual are for breeding work facilitates.The Li Sheng outstanding persons of China's Pearl River Fishery Research Institute of Aquatic Science Research Institute etc. are in fish tag Study on Technology progress (" modern agriculture science and technology ", 2008, the 20th phase, 224-226) in the research, the fin mark of cutting that proposition starts from the twenties in 19th century is meant that one or more fin rays with fish partly excise, the fin ray of regeneration can be distorted to a certain extent, thereby produce sign, this method is less to the injury of fish, to not influence of fish body growth itself, easier the proterties difference of mark fish and unmarked fish before and after the comparative trial; But also there is a few studies person to find that whether be hard to tell fin ray after is after a while cut, and is difficult to identification.In actual production, we also find after growing again soon, to cut the needs that fin ray can not satisfy the Java tilapia breeding mark really because Tilapia mossambica fin ray regeneration capacity is strong; The Dong of China Aquatic Science Research Academy Fresh Water Fishery Research Center is at patent " a kind of method of the marking tilapia individual " (application number: mainly be the PIT tagging chip to be injected into carry out individual mark in the Tilapia mossambica body 200810018667.9) of applications such as outstanding person, this body internal labeling, can improve the retention rate of mark, mark can not come off, effectively the discrimination height; Labeling process is less to the degree of injury of fish body, can not influence the normal activity of Tilapia mossambica, but only is applicable to the fish of big specification; Because the PTI mark is very little, a little less than the signal of emission, therefore, the detection range of signal is little, and detector must be from about animal 15cm.In addition, this mark and the equipment of being correlated with are more expensive, and the equipment that is used for fairly large sign spends nearly 20000 dollars, and being used on a small scale, the simple machine cost of sign also needs 2000 dollars.Mark itself is also more expensive, and 1 mark will be spent nearly 10 dollars; The Zhang Tanglin of Inst. of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences etc. are in fish tag Study on Technology progress (" Chinese aquatic science ", 2003, the 3rd phases 10 volume, 246-253) in the research, chemical notation is proposed, promptly inject a kind of special chemical substance under the fish surface, these materials can be discerned by people, mainly are to use the fluorchrome visible mark.The experiment of Pierson etc. shows that Tilapia mossambica is through the raising of 110d, and the fluorescent material conservation rate is 78%, and the fluorescence group does not have significant difference with the sign conservation rate of cutting the fin group, and the survival rate of this 2 group mark fish is not remarkable yet; But the detection difference on effect of fluorized marking is bigger, can not be used for individual identification, can only indicate that its limitation has limited its scope of application undoubtedly as colony.But, use the method for pulling out the hard fin fin ray of Tilapia mossambica dorsal fin that Tilapia mossambica is carried out mark, do not appear in the newspapers both at home and abroad at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: in the breeding of Tilapia mossambica, because Tilapia mossambica is between each generation, between filial generation and the parent, and hybridization is between filial generation and the parent, resemblance difference is not remarkable, therefore pulling out the hard fin ray method of dorsal fin by employing comes mark Tilapia mossambica colony and individuality, follow the trail of its source, father and mother originally, pedigree, produce situations such as performance, simultaneously when carrying out the detection relevant with economic characters, the Different Individual and the family of raising together with are discerned, improve the accuracy that genetic parameter is estimated, the parent that reserves seed for planting for fish provides identity marks simultaneously, realize Tilapia mossambica mating controllability, avoid inbreeding depression.
The technology used in the present invention method comprises: 1, the preparation before the mark; 2, fish body tag method and mark plan; 3, the mark of fish body.
1, the preparation before the mark: practice fish, hang fish; Choose the straight mouth haemostatic clamp of 12.5cm, scalpel blade, cotton ball soaked in alcohol is prepared to drag for angle, towel, the gentle stone of 100L Da Bai bucket simultaneously, and be 75% alcohol with concentration to straight mouth blood clamp, scalpel blade carries out disinfection.
2, combination of fish body tag and mark plan:
1. the hard fin of Tilapia mossambica dorsal fin is 17～18, and the 1st, 2 of the hard fins of Tilapia mossambica dorsal fin do not carry out mark, adopts 1 of Tilapia mossambica or 4 hard fin fin rays of dorsal fin are all pulled out the method mark, and to the 17th end mark, all the other marker combination are as follows:
A: wall scroll dorsal rags mark
From the 3rd to the 17th, also remaining 15 fin rays, 15 kinds of mark modes;
B: two dorsal rags marks
Since the 3rd fin ray combination, as 3-4; 3-5; 3-6......
Two fin ray marks with the 3rd fin ray combination have 14 kinds of mark modes;
Two fin ray marks with the 4th fin ray combination have 13 kinds of mark modes;
………
By that analogy, two fin ray marks have 105 kinds of mark modes.
C: three dorsal rags marks
Since the combination of 3,4 fin rays, as 3-4-5; 3-4-6; 3-4-7......
Three fin ray marks with the 3rd, 4 fin ray combination have 13 kinds of mark modes;
Three fin ray marks with the 3rd, 5 fin ray combination have 12 kinds of mark modes;
By that analogy, three fin ray marks have 455 kinds of mark modes.
D: four dorsal rags marks
Since the combination of the 3rd, 4,5 fin rays, as 3-4-5-6; 3-4-6-7; 3-4-7-8......
Four fin ray marks with the 3rd, 4,5 fin ray combination have 78 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin ray marks with the 3rd, 5,6 fin ray combination have 66 kinds of mark modes;
………
By that analogy, serve as that beginning four fin ray marks have 364 kinds of mark modes with the 3rd fin ray;
By that analogy, four fin rays that are beginning with the 4th fin ray are marked with 286 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 5th fin ray are marked with 220 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 6th fin ray are marked with 165 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 7th fin ray are marked with 120 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 8th fin ray are marked with 84 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 9th fin ray are marked with 56 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 10th fin ray are marked with 35 kinds of mark modes;
With the Sub_clause 11 fin ray is that four fin rays of beginning are marked with 20 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 12nd fin ray are marked with 10 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 13rd fin ray are marked with 4 kinds of mark modes;
Four fin rays that are beginning with the 14th fin ray are marked with a kind of mark mode;
So four total 364+286+220+165+120+84+56+35+20+10+4+1=1365 kinds of fin ray mark mode
Total mark quantity is: the 15+105+455+1365=1940 kind
2. mark plan: as need the colony of mark fish, then can use single fin ray labeling method; As Different Individual in the needs mark shoal of fish, then need to calculate the quantity of mark fish earlier, adopt the above-mentioned combination of listing then, carry out mark.
3, the mark of fish body: earlier fish is lain on the desk during mark, take a towel to cover its eyes, need pull out the fin ray position with 75% alcohol disinfecting; The fin ray that pulls out with scalpel blade handle and needs link to each other divided thin film from, Tilapia mossambica is pressed in a have gentle hands, clamps this fin ray with haemostatic clamp then, connects root and pulls up together, uses 75% alcohol disinfecting fin ray root wound place immediately 30 seconds; The fish that mark is intact is placed in 2% the salt solution and carries out soaking disinfection.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1, the present invention is simple to operate; but mark quantity is many; less to fish body degree of injury; the retention rate of mark is more than 98%; effectively discrimination is more than 98%, and the isolabeling fish does not make a distinction, and the differentiation effect is fairly obvious; can not influence the normal activity of Tilapia mossambica, can satisfy the needs of the seed selection breeding mark of extensive Tilapia mossambica.
2, the present invention can mark to the fish young and adult fish, and by mark and the growth contrast of mark fish are not found that mark does not have influence to the growth of Tilapia mossambica; The present invention adopts the Tilapia mossambica pull out the hard fin fin ray of dorsal fin mark different generations, raises together with the pond, can estimate filial generation totally 4 generation Tilapia mossambica growth performance.
3, the used marking tilapia individual cost very low (comprising the straight mouth haemostatic clamp of 12.5cm, scalpel blade) of the present invention, the cost of every fish of mark is 0.05 yuan, and the fish that detects only needs once will carry all the life at the larval stage mark, both saved cost, also reduced repeatedly mark the injury of fish body.
Embodiment
This experiment is carried out at national Nanning Tilapia mossambica seed multiplication farm.
The inventive method comprises: 1, the preparation before the mark; 2, fish body tag method and mark plan; 3, the mark of fish body.
1, the preparation before the mark
1), draws in the net to practice fish
The fish that will make marks was stopped feeding the previous day, draw in the net to take exercise, drawing in the net to make fish to adapt to the external world stress; In intensive process, secrete mucus and defecate with macrura reevesii, increase the anoxia enduring adaptive faculty.When drawing in the net, fish is rushed in the net at leisure, mention etting, make fish under half dried up state, after 30 minutes, put back to Yuan Tangzhong.
2), draw in the net to fish
Before making marks, draw in the net fishing, select the Tilapia mossambica family that the 200 tail specifications that need make marks are more or less the same, body weight differs the influence that causes too greatly to eliminate initial specification about 20 grams, and wherein 100 tails are prepared mark.Remove to 2 washing basins (long 3m * wide 1.5m * high 2m) and put temporarily, the washing basin oxygenation guarantees the fish of mark hypoxia death not.
2, combination of fish body tag and mark plan: the hard fin of Tilapia mossambica dorsal fin is 15～18, employing is all pulled out the method mark with the hard fin fin ray of two dorsal fins of Tilapia mossambica, wherein the 1st, 2 of the hard fins of Tilapia mossambica dorsal fin do not carry out mark, are tagged to the 17th end, and its marker combination is as follows:
With being marked with of the 3rd fin ray combination: 3-4; 3-5; 3-6; 3-7; 3-8; 3-9; 3-10; 3-11; 3-12; 3-13; 3-14; 3-15; 3-16; 3-17; Totally 14 kinds of mark modes.
With being marked with of the 4th fin ray combination: 4-5; 4-6; 4-7; 4-8; 4-9; 4-10; 4-11; 4-12; 4-13; 4-14; 4-15; 4-16; 4-17; Totally 13 kinds of mark modes.
By that analogy, with the mark of the 5th fin ray combination totally 12 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of 6th number fin ray combination totally 11 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of the 7th fin ray combination totally 10 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of the 8th fin ray combination totally 9 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of the 9th fin ray combination totally 8 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of the 10th fin ray combination totally 7 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of Sub_clause 11 fin ray combination totally 6 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of the 12nd fin ray combination totally 5 kinds of mark modes;
With the mark of the 13rd fin ray combination totally 4 kinds of mark modes;
With being marked with of the 14th fin ray combination: 14-15; 1 kind of mark mode.
Total mark mode: 15+14+13+12+11+10+9+8+7+6+5+4+1=100 kind mark mode
3, the mark of fish body
Under same breeding environment,, need the fish body itself to have a kind of distinctive mark to the fish accurate recognition.Fish body identification marking is more, comprise cutting fin, fluorchrome witness marking, or the outside is injected into fish body (as noted above PIT tagging chip etc.).This method has adopted the labeling method of pulling out the hard fin fin ray of dorsal fin in Tilapia mossambica class breeding technique, discern big number needs uniquely and will follow the trail of each tail in the fish.
Concrete mark program is:
1), dragging for 20 tail fishes from washing basin puts to 100L Da Bai bucket the oxygenation of venting stone;
2), with dragging for the angle fish is lain on the desk earlier during mark, cover its eyes, need pull out the fin ray position with 75% alcohol disinfecting by a towel;
3), the fin ray that pulls out with scalpel blade handle and needs link to each other divided thin film from;
4), have gentle hands presses Tilapia mossambica, clamps this fin ray with haemostatic clamp then, connect root and pull up together,
5), used 75% alcohol disinfecting fin ray root wound place immediately 30 seconds; The fish that mark is intact is placed in 2% the salt solution and carries out soaking disinfection.
Behind mark mark and unmarked each 100 tail fish are measured growth indexes such as its body weight, body length, mark fish and unmarked fish have been placed on and have cultivated in same the pulk, the parameters after 30 days behind the statistics mark, and measure the long characteristic index of all sashimi (raw fish).
In whole mark fish and unmarked fish nurturing period, dead 2 tails of mark fish, lethality 2%, the mark fish infects 2 tails, 0 of the fish that infection rate 2%, label are lost, Loss Rate 0.That is to say that the survival rate of fish is 98% behind 100 tails of mark, not infecting proportion is 98%, and the conservation rate of mark is 100%, and effectively discrimination is 100%.The situation of change of average weight, average body length sees Table 1 before and after the mark.Situation of change sees Table 2 before and after the unmarked fish.
Index situation of change before and after table 1 mark fish and the unmarked fish mark
Can find out that from above-mentioned two tables mark fish and unmarked fish be in the variation of growth traits such as average weight, average body are long indifference almost, thereby by to mark and the not growth contrast discovery of mark fish, mark there is not influence to the growth of Tilapia mossambica.
Claims (1)
1. Java tilapia breeding marking method is characterized in that:
1), the preparation before the mark: practice fish, hang fish; Choose straight mouth haemostatic clamp, scalpel blade, cotton ball soaked in alcohol prepares to drag for angle, towel, the gentle stone of Da Bai bucket simultaneously, and sterilization;
2), combination of fish body tag and mark plan:
1. the hard fin of Tilapia mossambica dorsal fin is 17～18, and wherein the 1st, 2 is not carried out mark, adopts 1 of Tilapia mossambica or 4 hard fin fin rays of dorsal fin are all pulled out the method mark, and to the 17th end mark, all the other marker combination are as follows:
A: wall scroll dorsal rags labeling method has 15 kinds;
B: two dorsal rags labeling methods have 105 kinds;
C: three dorsal rags labeling methods have 455 kinds;
D: four dorsal rags labeling methods have 1365 kinds;
Total mark quantity is: the 15+105+455+1365=1940 kind;
2. mark plan: as need the colony of mark fish, then can use single fin ray labeling method; As Different Individual in the needs mark shoal of fish, then need to calculate the quantity of mark fish earlier, adopt the above-mentioned combination of listing then, carry out mark;
3), the mark of fish body: earlier fish is lain on the desk during mark, cover its eyes, disinfect in alcohol and need pull out the fin ray position; The fin ray that pulls out with scalpel blade handle and needs link to each other divided thin film from, Tilapia mossambica is pressed in a have gentle hands, clamps this fin ray with haemostatic clamp then, connects root and pulls up together, disinfects fin ray root wound place immediately in alcohol; The fish that mark is intact is placed in 2% the salt solution and carries out soaking disinfection.
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| CN2010102351076A CN101926296B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Java tilapia breeding marking method |
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| CN2010102351076A CN101926296B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Java tilapia breeding marking method |
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| CN101926296A true CN101926296A (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| CN101926296B CN101926296B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783438A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-11-21 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for marking fish individual |
| CN103222433A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-07-31 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Individual marking method of takifagu obscurus |
| CN106069889A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of fish multiplication releasing mark method |
| CN106172109A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 海阳市黄海水产有限公司 | Flounder Pleuronectidae individuality separator method |
| CN111011285A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Marking method for tracking and monitoring individual sturgeon and huso dauricus adult fish |
| CN112597352A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-02 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Method, system, device and medium for retrieving nile tilapia breeding data |
-
2010
- 2010-07-23 CN CN2010102351076A patent/CN101926296B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《湖北农业学院学报》 20010531 张德华 等 剪鳍标记法测定钻井噪声与振动对草鱼生长的影响 159－163 1 第21卷, 第2期 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102783438A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-11-21 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for marking fish individual |
| CN103222433A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-07-31 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Individual marking method of takifagu obscurus |
| CN106069889A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of fish multiplication releasing mark method |
| CN106172109A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 海阳市黄海水产有限公司 | Flounder Pleuronectidae individuality separator method |
| CN106172109B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2019-01-01 | 海阳市黄海水产有限公司 | Flounder flounder individual separator method |
| CN111011285A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Marking method for tracking and monitoring individual sturgeon and huso dauricus adult fish |
| CN112597352A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-02 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Method, system, device and medium for retrieving nile tilapia breeding data |
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