CN101922535A - 具有轴线传输的多速变速器 - Google Patents

具有轴线传输的多速变速器 Download PDF

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CN101922535A
CN101922535A CN2010101186550A CN201010118655A CN101922535A CN 101922535 A CN101922535 A CN 101922535A CN 2010101186550 A CN2010101186550 A CN 2010101186550A CN 201010118655 A CN201010118655 A CN 201010118655A CN 101922535 A CN101922535 A CN 101922535A
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gearing
planetary gear
motor
gear set
driven member
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CN101922535B (zh
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E·T·格罗乔夫斯基
S·H·维特科普
J·B·博尔格森
J·M·哈特
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/102Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/105Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing
    • F16H2037/106Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing with switching means to provide two variator modes or ranges
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及具有轴线传输的多速变速器。提供电动可变变速器的各种实施例,该电动可变变速器具有两个马达-发电机、两个行星齿轮组以及包括旋转式离合器和固定式离合器的两个扭矩传递机构。输入构件与第一行星齿轮组的齿圈连接以便共同旋转。两个行星齿轮组的架彼此连接且与输出构件连接以便共同旋转。第一马达/发电机与第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以便共同旋转。第二马达/发电机与第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以便共同旋转。驱动传输组件将扭矩从建立第一旋转轴线的部件传输到建立第二旋转轴线的部件。

Description

具有轴线传输的多速变速器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2009年2月16日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/152,854的权益,该申请作为参考以全文引入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及将扭矩从限定第一旋转轴线的部件传输至限定第二旋转轴线的部件的多速变速器。
背景技术
电动可变变速器通常具有连接到行星齿轮组的不同构件的输入构件、输出构件和两个电动马达/发电机。离合器允许一个或多个电动可变操作模式、固定速度比模式和纯电动(由蓄电池提供动力)模式。电动可变变速器能以多种方式改善车辆的燃料经济性,主要是在发动机关闭时通过采用用于车辆制动的马达/发电机中的一个或两者以及采用再生能量以电动地驱动车辆。发动机在怠速时、在减速和制动阶段期间、以及在低速或轻负载操作阶段期间可关闭,以消除由发动机阻力造成的效率损失。经由再生制动俘获的制动能量(或者在发动机运行的阶段期间产生的电能)在这些发动机关闭阶段期间被利用。发动机扭矩或功率的瞬时需求在以发动机工作模式运行期间由马达/发电机补充,从而允许更小的发动机而不降低车辆的性能。此外,电动可变模式允许发动机在给定功率需求下的最佳效率点处或附近运行。
困难的是将两个马达/发电机、行星齿轮组和实现期望操作模式所必需的多个扭矩传递机构进行包装且同时满足其它应用尺寸限制以及实现相对简单的组装要求。此外,虽然电动可变变速器目前大批量进行生产,但是它们在当前制造的车辆总数量中仅占很小的比例,故因此与其它类型的变速器成本相比其工程设计成本和加工成本很可能占到总制造成本中的相对较大部分。
发明内容
提供电动可变变速器的各种实施例,该电动可变变速器具有第一和第二马达-发电机、第一和第二行星齿轮组以及两个扭矩传递机构,所述扭矩传递机构包括旋转式离合器和固定式离合器。输入构件与第一行星齿轮组的齿圈连接,以共同旋转。行星齿轮组两者的架彼此连接且与输出构件连接,以共同旋转。第一马达/发电机与第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接,以共同旋转。第二马达/发电机与第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮构件连接,以共同旋转。
配备驱动传输组件,该驱动传输组件包括连接到输出构件以便与其共同旋转的驱动构件、从动构件以及具有第一、第二和第三构件的齿轮装置。齿轮装置的第一构件与从动构件连接,以共同旋转。驱动传输组件包括差速器,该差速器具有与齿轮装置的第二构件连接以便共同旋转的架以及第一和第二半轴齿轮。齿轮装置的第三齿轮构件连接到固定构件,例如固接(grounding)构件。环形扭矩传输装置(例如链条)将驱动构件可操作地连接到从动构件。从动构件、齿轮装置和差速器建立第二旋转轴线。因此,驱动传输组件将扭矩从建立第一旋转轴线的部件传输至建立第二旋转轴线的部件。
一种用于车辆的电动可变变速器,包括:
输入构件、输出构件和固定构件,其中输入构件和输出构件建立第一旋转轴线;
第一和第二行星齿轮组,所述第一和第二行星齿轮组均包括太阳轮、可旋转地支承小齿轮的架以及齿圈,其中小齿轮与太阳轮和齿圈两者啮合;
第一和第二马达/发电机;其中所述第一马达/发电机与第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以与其旋转,第二马达/发电机与第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以与其旋转;
第一扭矩传递机构,所述第一扭矩传递机构可选择地接合以将第二行星齿轮组的齿圈固接到固定构件;
第二扭矩传递机构,所述第二扭矩传递机构可选择地接合以将第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组的齿圈连接;
驱动构件,所述驱动构件连接到输出构件以与其旋转;
从动构件;
齿轮装置,所述齿轮装置具有第一、第二和第三构件;其中第一构件与从动构件连接以与其旋转,第三构件固接到固定构件;
差速器,所述差速器具有架且具有第一和第二半轴齿轮,所述架与齿轮装置的第二构件连接以与其旋转;和
环形扭矩传输装置,所述环形扭矩传输装置将驱动构件可操作地连接到从动构件,其中从动构件、齿轮装置和差速器建立第二旋转轴线。
所述驱动构件和从动构件是链轮。
所述齿轮装置是行星齿轮组,所述行星齿轮组具有太阳轮、可旋转地支承小齿轮的架以及齿圈,其中所述齿轮装置的小齿轮与所述齿轮装置的太阳轮和所述齿轮装置的齿圈两者啮合。
所述从动构件与齿轮装置的太阳轮连接以与其旋转,差速器的架与齿轮装置的架连接以与其旋转,且齿轮装置的齿圈固接到固定构件。
所述齿轮装置轴向布置在从动构件与差速器之间。
所述驱动构件轴向布置在第一和第二马达/发电机之间。
所述从动构件轴向布置在齿轮装置与差速器之间。
所述从动构件径向围绕差速器。
所述驱动构件轴向布置在马达/发电机中的一个与行星齿轮组中的一个之间。
所述环形扭矩传输装置至少部分地围绕齿轮装置。
一种用于车辆的电动可变变速器,包括:
输入构件、输出构件和固定构件;其中输入构件和输出构件建立第一旋转轴线;
第一和第二行星齿轮组,所述第一和第二行星齿轮组均包括太阳轮、可旋转地支承小齿轮的架以及齿圈,其中小齿轮与太阳轮和齿圈两者啮合;
第一和第二马达/发电机;其中所述第一马达/发电机与第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以与其旋转,第二马达/发电机与第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以与其旋转;
第一扭矩传递机构,所述第一扭矩传递机构可选择地接合以将第二行星齿轮组的齿圈固接到固定构件;
第二扭矩传递机构,所述第二扭矩传递机构可选择地接合以将第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组的齿圈连接;
驱动构件,所述驱动构件连接到输出构件以与其旋转;其中驱动构件轴向邻近一个马达/发电机且与另一个马达/发电机和行星齿轮组相对;
从动构件;
齿轮装置,所述齿轮装置具有第一、第二和第三构件;其中第一构件与从动构件连接以与其旋转,第三构件固接到固定构件;
差速器,所述差速器具有架且具有第一和第二半轴齿轮,所述架与齿轮装置的第二构件连接以与其旋转;和
环形扭矩传输装置,所述环形扭矩传输装置将驱动构件可操作地连接到从动构件,其中从动构件、齿轮装置和差速器建立第二旋转轴线。
其中,所述齿轮装置轴向布置在从动构件与差速器之间。
所述从动构件径向围绕差速器。
本发明的上述特征和优势以及其它特征和优势从实施本发明的最佳模式的下述说明结合附图将显而易见。
附图说明
图1是混合电动动力系统的第一实施例的示意图,该动力系统包括具有输出传输组件第一实施例的电动可变变速器的第一实施例;
图2是输出传输组件第二实施例的示意图;
图3是输出传输组件第三实施例的示意图;
图4是输出传输组件第四实施例的示意图;
图5是输出传输组件第五实施例的示意图;
图6是混合电动动力系统的第二实施例的示意图,该动力系统包括具有输出传输组件第五实施例的电动可变变速器的第二实施例;
图7是混合电动动力系统的第三实施例的示意图,该动力系统包括具有输出传输组件第六实施例的电动可变变速器的第二实施例;
图8-12是附加变速器实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,其中同样的附图标记指代同样的部件,图1示出了车辆11的动力系统10。动力系统10包括与电动可变变速器14驱动地连接的发动机12。发动机12的输出构件连接到变速器14的输入构件16,用于驱动变速器14的输入构件16。输入构件16绕旋转轴线18旋转且建立旋转轴线18。
第一马达/发电机20和第二马达/发电机22被包装在变速器外壳24内且可操作地连接在输入构件16与三个备选变速器输出构件26、26A、26B之间。变速器外壳24仅一部分被示出,且是大致环形的,变速器外壳24围绕整个变速器14,其端壁将轴向端部封闭且具有用于使得输入构件16和输出构件26、26A或26B从其延伸通过的接近开口。如将在下文说明的,还提供了用作备选变速器输出构件26、26A、26B的备选位置。所有的潜在输出构件26、26A、26B被互连以便共同旋转(即,以相同速度)。变速器输出构件26、26A、26B中的任一个且仅一个可与最终驱动件的驱动传输组件连接。将选择哪个输出位置用作连接到驱动传输组件的输出构件将取决于车辆内动力系统10的包装需求。如将在下文说明的,在图1中,输出构件26B与驱动传输组件27连接。本文所示和描述的各种驱动传输组件不必要地按比例示出;然而,驱动传输组件在变速器内的定位确保恰当的部件间隙。
第一马达/发电机20包括固接到变速器外壳24的环形定子30A、支承在可旋转转子毂体34A上以共同旋转的环形转子32A,环形转子32A与转子毂体34A同心地围绕第一旋转轴线18。蓄电池36、功率变换器38以及电子控制器43经由传输导体41A可操作地与定子30A连接,以控制:使马达/发电机20用作马达,在马达中存储的电能由蓄电池提供给定子30A;和用作发电机,在发电机中旋转转子32A的扭矩被转换成存储在蓄电池36中的电功率。控制马达/发电机用作马达或发电机的能力是已知的。
类似地,第二马达/发电机22包括固接到变速器外壳24的环形定子30B、支承在可旋转转子毂体34B上的环形转子32B,环形转子32B与转子毂体34B同心地围绕旋转轴线18。蓄电池36、功率变换器38以及电子控制器43经由传输导体41B可操作地与定子30B连接,以控制使马达/发电机22用作马达和用作发电机。
变速器14还包括第一和第二行星齿轮组40、50。行星齿轮组40具有是太阳轮42的第一构件、是架44的第二构件以及是与小齿轮46啮合的齿圈48的第三构件,其中架44可旋转地支承与太阳轮42啮合的多个小齿轮46。转子毂体34A与太阳轮42连接以共同旋转。备选输出构件26连接到架44,以与其旋转。
行星齿轮组50具有是太阳轮52的第一构件、是架54的第二构件以及是与小齿轮56啮合的齿圈58的第三构件,其中架54可旋转地支承与太阳轮52啮合的多个小齿轮56。备选输出构件26A与架54连接,以与其旋转。转子毂体34B与太阳轮52连接以与其旋转。
变速器14包括两个扭矩传递机构。固定式离合器C1(也称为制动器)可选择地接合以将齿圈58固接到变速器外壳24。旋转式离合器C2可选择地接合以将太阳轮42与齿圈58连接以便共同旋转。本领域技术人员将认识到,仅变速器14的在输入构件16上方的部分被示意性地示出;且未示出行星齿轮组40、50、离合器C1、C2以及其它部件关于输入构件16大致对称的部分。
形成输出构件26B的环形套轴60与输入构件16同心,且毂体构件66、68将架44、54与轴60以及与所有备选输出构件26、26A、26B连接以便共同旋转。毂体构件70从输入构件16延伸以连接齿圈48,用于与其共同旋转。
变速器14构造成使得行星齿轮组40轴向布置在外壳24的径向延伸端壁(未示出)与马达/发电机20之间。当变速器14在图1所示的位置时,端壁在行星齿轮组40的左侧。行星齿轮组50轴向布置在马达/发电机20、22之间。离合器C1布置在行星齿轮组50的齿圈58的径向外部且与行星齿轮组50的齿圈58对齐。离合器C2轴向布置在马达/发电机20和行星齿轮组50之间且与齿圈58对齐。
第一前进操作模式通过接合离合器C1并释放离合器C2而建立。该操作模式是输入分离操作模式,其中行星齿轮组40以差速模式操作且行星齿轮组50以扭矩倍增模式操作、发动机12提供扭矩且马达/发电机20以前进方向电动运行(motoring)。相反的电动可变操作模式用相同的离合器接合状态建立,但是马达/发电机20以相反方向电动运行。
第二前进操作模式通过接合离合器C2并断开离合器C1而建立。当转子32A的速度是零且齿圈58的速度也为零(由于离合器C1的接合)时发生模式之间的切换,以便能够发生该切换而无扭矩扰动。通过接合C1和C2两者建立固定的前进速度比。
驱动传输组件27示出由输出构件26B驱动,以将扭矩从变速器14传输到车辆的车轮。具体地说,以链轮形式的驱动构件72安装到输出构件26B以便与其旋转。环形链条74将也是链轮形式的驱动构件72连接到从动构件76,以将驱动扭矩从驱动构件72传输到从动构件76。从动构件76可操作地连接到齿轮装置78、差速器80以及最终连接到轮轴81A、81B,以将扭矩传送给车辆的车轮。
齿轮装置78是行星齿轮组,具有:与从动构件76连接以与其旋转的太阳轮82;固接到变速器外壳24的齿圈84;以及架86,所述架86旋转地支承与太阳轮82和齿圈84两者啮合的小齿轮87。
差速器80包括旋转地支承小齿轮90的架88,小齿轮90在小齿轮轴92上旋转。小齿轮90与半轴齿轮94A、94B啮合。半轴齿轮94A与轮轴81A连接以便共同旋转,半轴齿轮94B与轮轴81B连接以便共同旋转。从动齿轮76、齿轮装置78、半轴齿轮94A、94B以及轮轴81A、81B绕第二旋转轴线96旋转并建立第二旋转轴线96。因此,变速器14构造成将扭矩经由链轮和链条装置(驱动构件72、从动构件76和链条74)从由输入构件16和输出构件26B部分限定的第一轴线18传输到由轮轴81A、81B部分限定的第二轴线96。在图1的实施例中,齿轮装置78轴向布置在从动构件76与差速器80之间。
第二驱动传输组件的实施例
图2示出了驱动传输组件127的另一实施例,该驱动传输组件127连接到变速器14的输出构件26B以将扭矩传递给轮轴81A、81B。与驱动传输组件27相同的部件采用相同的附图标记示出和描述。从动构件176径向围绕差速器80。链条174将扭矩从驱动构件72传输到从动构件176且径向围绕差速器80。驱动构件72和从动构件176两者均是链轮。由于从动构件176与差速器80径向对齐,因此两者均在齿轮装置78的相同侧上(即,齿轮装置78的输入和输出在齿轮装置78的相同侧上)。
第三驱动传输组件的实施例
图3示出了驱动传输组件227的另一实施例,该驱动传输组件227连接到变速器14的输出构件26B以将扭矩传递给轮轴81A、81B。与驱动传输组件27相同的部件采用相同的附图标记示出和描述。从动构件276在齿轮装置78的径向外部且部分地径向围绕齿轮装置78。链条274将扭矩从驱动构件72传输到从动构件276且部分地径向围绕齿轮装置78。驱动构件72和从动构件276两者均是链轮。
第四驱动传输组件的实施例
图4示出了驱动传输组件327的另一实施例,该驱动传输组件327连接到变速器14的输出构件26B以将扭矩传递给轮轴81A、81B。与驱动传输组件27相同的部件采用相同的附图标记示出和描述。链条374将扭矩从驱动构件72传输到从动构件376。驱动构件72和从动构件376两者均是链轮。从动构件376轴向布置在齿轮装置78与差速器80之间。
第五驱动传输组件的实施例
图5示出了驱动传输组件427的另一实施例,该驱动传输组件427连接到变速器14的输出构件26B以将扭矩传递给轮轴81A、81B。与驱动传输组件27相同的部件采用相同的附图标记示出和描述。链条474将扭矩从驱动构件72传输到从动构件476。驱动构件72和从动构件476两者均是链轮。齿轮装置78轴向布置在从动构件476与差速器80之间。
具有第五驱动传输组件实施例的第二变速器实施例
参考图6,动力系统510包括发动机12和电动可变变速器514,变速器514具有参考图1中变速器14和动力系统10示出和说明且以同样的方式起作用的许多相同部件(采用相同附图标记)。虽然在图6中未示出,但是蓄电池36、变换器38以及控制器43按照图1中所示和描述与定子30A、30B连接。
变速器514构造成使得马达/发电机20轴向布置在外壳24的径向延伸端壁(未示出)与行星齿轮组50之间。离合器C1布置在行星齿轮组50的齿圈58的径向外部且与行星齿轮组50的齿圈58对齐。离合器C2布置在马达/发电机20的径向内部且轴向布置在端壁和马达/发电机20之间。行星齿轮组50轴向布置在马达/发电机20与马达/发电机22之间。马达/发电机22轴向布置在行星齿轮组50与行星齿轮组40之间。行星齿轮组40布置在马达/发电机22与外壳24的相对径向延伸端壁(未示出)之间。
变速器514具有输入构件516,输入构件516从轴560轴向隔开且与轴560同轴但不同心。轴560连接到备选输出构件526、526A。轴562与输入构件516同轴。输出构件526、526A与输入构件516共用共同的旋转轴线518。输入构件516与齿圈48连接以共同旋转。轴562将转子毂体534A与太阳轮42连接以共同旋转。离合器C2嵌套在轴向延伸部分534D、毂体534C和轴562之间。套轴560与轴562同心且将架构件54连接到架构件44和与架构件44连接的输出构件526。套轴564将转子毂体534B与太阳轮52连接。备选输出构件526A从架构件54延伸。
图5中的驱动传输组件427连接到驱动构件572,驱动构件572安装到变速器514的输出构件526,用于将扭矩传输到轮轴81A、81B。与驱动传输组件27相同的部件采用相同的附图标记示出和描述。链条474将扭矩从驱动构件572传输到从动构件476。驱动构件572和从动构件476两者均是链轮。驱动构件572轴向布置在马达/发电机22与行星齿轮组40之间。齿轮装置78轴向布置在从动构件476与差速器80之间。
具有第六驱动传输组件实施例的第二变速器实施例
参考图7,动力系统610包括发动机12和图6中的电动可变变速器514,电动可变变速器514具有由驱动构件672驱动的驱动传输组件527,驱动构件672连接到变速器514的输出构件526A。驱动构件672轴向布置在行星齿轮组50和马达/发电机22之间,且轴向布置在马达/发电机20、22之间。驱动传输组件527将扭矩传输到轮轴81A、81B。与驱动传输组件27相同的部件采用相同的附图标记示出和描述。链条574将扭矩从驱动构件672传输到从动构件576。驱动构件672和从动构件576两者均是链轮。齿轮装置78轴向布置在从动构件576与差速器80之间。
附加变速器实施例
图8-12分别示出了变速器714、814、914、1014和1114的附加实施例,每个变速器均具有如本文描述的马达/发电机20、22、行星齿轮组40、50以及离合器C1、C2。每个变速器均具有用于与图1中的发动机12(在图8-12中未示出发动机)连接的相应输入构件716、816、916、1016和1116。如图1、6和7中的变速器那样,每个行星齿轮组40、50的太阳轮均与马达/发电机20、22的相应转子连接以便共同旋转,且多个可能输出构件位置与行星齿轮组40、50的架构件连接以便共同旋转。例如,变速器714具有输出构件726、726A。本文所述的任何驱动传输组件可由输出726或726A驱动。变速器814具有输出构件826、826A和826B。本文所述的任何驱动传输组件可由输出826或826B驱动,且驱动传输组件527可由输出826A驱动。变速器914具有输出构件926、926A和926B。本文所述的任何驱动传输组件可由输出926或926B驱动,且驱动传输组件527可由输出926A驱动。变速器1014具有输出构件1026、1026A和1026B。本文所述的任何驱动传输组件可由输出1026或1026B驱动,且驱动传输组件527可由输出1026A驱动。变速器1114具有输出构件1126和1126A。本文所述的任何驱动传输组件可由输出1126驱动。驱动传输组件527可由输出1126A驱动。
虽然已经详细说明了实施本发明的最佳模式,但是本发明所属领域的技术人员将能够认识到在所附权利要求范围内实施本发明的各种替代设计和实施例。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于车辆的电动可变变速器,包括:
输入构件、输出构件和固定构件,其中输入构件和输出构件建立第一旋转轴线;
第一和第二行星齿轮组,所述第一和第二行星齿轮组均包括太阳轮、可旋转地支承小齿轮的架以及齿圈,其中小齿轮与太阳轮和齿圈两者啮合;
第一和第二马达/发电机;其中所述第一马达/发电机与第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以与其旋转,第二马达/发电机与第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接以与其旋转;
第一扭矩传递机构,所述第一扭矩传递机构可选择地接合以将第二行星齿轮组的齿圈固接到固定构件;
第二扭矩传递机构,所述第二扭矩传递机构可选择地接合以将第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组的齿圈连接;
驱动构件,所述驱动构件连接到输出构件以与其旋转;
从动构件;
齿轮装置,所述齿轮装置具有第一、第二和第三构件;其中第一构件与从动构件连接以与其旋转,第三构件固接到固定构件;
差速器,所述差速器具有架且具有第一和第二半轴齿轮,所述架与齿轮装置的第二构件连接以与其旋转;和
环形扭矩传输装置,所述环形扭矩传输装置将驱动构件可操作地连接到从动构件,其中从动构件、齿轮装置和差速器建立第二旋转轴线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述驱动构件和从动构件是链轮。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述齿轮装置是行星齿轮组,所述行星齿轮组具有太阳轮、可旋转地支承小齿轮的架以及齿圈,其中所述齿轮装置的小齿轮与所述齿轮装置的太阳轮和所述齿轮装置的齿圈两者啮合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述从动构件与齿轮装置的太阳轮连接以与其旋转,差速器的架与齿轮装置的架连接以与其旋转,且齿轮装置的齿圈固接到固定构件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述齿轮装置轴向布置在从动构件与差速器之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述驱动构件轴向布置在第一和第二马达/发电机之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述从动构件轴向布置在齿轮装置与差速器之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述从动构件径向围绕差速器。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述驱动构件轴向布置在马达/发电机中的一个与行星齿轮组中的一个之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电动可变变速器,其中,所述环形扭矩传输装置至少部分地围绕齿轮装置。
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