CN101906240B - 一种合成聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金的方法 - Google Patents

一种合成聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金的方法 Download PDF

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CN101906240B
CN101906240B CN2009100861438A CN200910086143A CN101906240B CN 101906240 B CN101906240 B CN 101906240B CN 2009100861438 A CN2009100861438 A CN 2009100861438A CN 200910086143 A CN200910086143 A CN 200910086143A CN 101906240 B CN101906240 B CN 101906240B
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polycarbonate resin
polyester
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resin
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CN101906240A (zh
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夏秀丽
李连斌
张野
张培华
吴传祥
马城华
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/918Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling characterized by differential heating or cooling
    • B29C48/9185Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling characterized by differential heating or cooling in the direction of the stream of the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04Particle-shaped
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/625Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704Temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92895Barrel or housing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92904Die; Nozzle zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92914Degassing unit

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种合成聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金的制备方法;首先对聚酯切片和聚碳酸酯树脂两种原料进行干燥处理,聚碳酸酯树脂在110~115℃下干燥10小时,聚酯切片在120~125℃下干燥10小时;按重量百分比称取干燥后的聚酯切片60%和聚碳酸酯树脂40%,加入原料总重量的0.2~0.3%抗氧剂1010,和/或加入总重量2~10%的聚乙烯/醋酸乙烯脂,将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀;用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混挤出,双螺杆挤出机各段温度为:机身温度220℃,235℃,255℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃;本合金断裂强度为52.6MPa、弹性模量为1959MPa、断裂伸长率为90.2%。

Description

一种合成聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金的方法
技术领域:
本发明属于聚合物改性中的聚合物合金制备技术,特别是涉及一种聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金的制备方法。
背景技术:
目前聚酯类工程塑料是工程塑料领域中的一个重要发展方向,现在市场上用于工程塑料的聚酯品种主要有PBT、PC和PET三大类,其中聚碳酸酯树脂(PC)的综合性能优异,尤其具有突出的抗冲击性、透明性和尺寸稳定性,优良的机械强度和电绝缘性,使它在电子、电气、汽车、建筑等领域得到广泛的应用。但是PC对缺口的敏感性较大,加工时容易发生应力开裂,并且加工温度较高,使得加工困难,并且价格偏高。为克服PC的性能缺陷并降低价格,许多以PC为主要原料的共混合金正在大力开发。
由于PET聚酯纤维应用等技术与市场趋于饱和,世界各国面对日益增长的PET聚酯产量,纷纷开发PET的非纤维用已成为发展的必然趋势,PET用于工程塑料的一个最大的缺点是耐冲击性差,这是由于PET聚酯大分子链的刚性引起的,因此提高PET工程塑料的抗冲击性能是拓展其产品应用领域的关键问题之一。聚酯和聚碳合金不仅增强了PET聚酯的韧性,也改进了耐化学性能,具有很高的耐冲击性能。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种聚酯(PET)/聚碳酸酯树脂(PC)合金的制备方法。通过加入第三组分作为聚合物合金材料的增韧剂,改善聚酯和聚碳合金二元共混物的力学性能,从而扩展PET聚酯在工业中的应用领域,提高产品的附加值,同时为制备高性能PET聚酯工程塑料提供新的途径。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
通过选用普通聚酯切片/聚碳酸酯树脂为原料,选用合适的塑料加工助剂,采用双螺杆熔融共混的工艺路线,制备聚酯和聚碳合金聚合物合金材料。
首先对聚酯切片(PET)、聚碳酸酯树脂(PC)两种原料进行干燥处理,以除去切片中的水分,从而保证熔融挤出过程的正常进行。聚碳酸酯树脂在110~115℃下干燥10小时,PET聚酯切片在120~125℃下干燥10小时;按重量百分比称取干燥后的聚酯(PET)切片60%和聚碳酸酯树脂(PC)40%,加入原料总重量的0.2~0.3%抗氧剂1010,将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀;双螺杆挤出机各段温度:机身温度220℃,235℃,255℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃;经熔融共混,熔体挤出后经水冷,然后经过切粒机切粒,粒料干燥后在注塑机上制成标准试样,试样注塑后,平衡24小时进行力学性能测试。
采用南京科亚塑料机械有限公司的TE-35双螺杆挤出机,通过熔融共混工艺路线,制备聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金材料;
采用深圳市新三思材料检测有限公司生产的CMT6104电子万能实验机测试聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金材料的力学性能。
发明效果:
本发明聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金的制备方法属于聚合物改性技术。其特征在于:选择聚碳和PET聚酯切片为基本原料,EVA为增韧剂,1010为抗氧剂,通过双螺杆熔融共混的工艺路线,得到聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金材料。
本发明的目的是通过高分子共混改性的方法,扩展PET聚酯在工业中的应用领域,提高产品的附加值,同时为制备高性能PET工程塑料提供新的途径。用本发明得到的聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金切片可用于加工各种仪器、仪表及汽车配件等。开展聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金合金的研究一方面拓宽了PET的应用领域,另一方面又增加了PET的附加值。目前PC的售价约为3.5万元/吨,PET的价格大约在1.2万元/吨左右,成功开发聚酯/聚碳酸酯树脂合金,并能在PC的应用领域部分取代PC,必将大大拓宽PET的应用领域,也将带来可观的经济效益。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例来加以说明,但不因具体的实施例限制本发明。
实施例1:
称取干燥后的PET切片2.4公斤,聚碳(PC)1.6公斤,加入抗氧剂1010(为原料总重量的0.3%),将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀。双螺杆挤出机各段温度:机身温度220℃,235℃,255℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃。经熔融共混工艺路线,熔体挤出后经水冷,然后经过切粒机切粒,粒料干燥后在注塑机上制成标准试样,试样注射后,平衡24小时进行力学性能测试。上述聚酯和聚碳合金(60/40)聚合物合金材料的力学性能测试结果如下:断裂强度62.38MPa、弹性模量1882.4MPa、断裂伸长率34.73%。
实施例2:
称取干燥后的PET切片2.4公斤,聚碳(PC)1.6公斤,加入抗氧剂(为原料总重量的0.2%),将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀。双螺杆挤出机各段温度:机身温度200℃,240℃,260℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃。经熔融共混工艺路线,熔体挤出后经水冷,然后经过切粒机切粒,粒料干燥后在注塑机上制成标准试样,试样注射后,平衡24小时进行力学性能测试。上述聚酯和聚碳合金聚合物合金材料的力学性能测试结果如下:断裂强度56.4MPa、弹性模量1373MPa、断裂伸长率79.1%。
实施例3:
称取干燥后的PET瓶级切片2.4公斤,聚碳(PC)1.6公斤,增韧剂(EVA)共聚物160克,加入适量抗氧剂(为原料总重量的0.2%),将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀。双螺杆挤出机各段温度:机身温度200℃,240℃,260℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃。经熔融共混工艺路线,熔体挤出后经水冷,然后经过切粒机切粒,粒料干燥后在注塑机上制成标准试样,试样注射后,平衡24小时进行力学性能测试。上述聚酯和聚碳合金聚合物合金材料的力学性能测试结果如下:断裂强度52.6MPa、弹性模量1959MPa、断裂伸长率90.2%。
实施例4:
称取干燥后的PET瓶级切片2.4公斤,聚碳(PC)1.6公斤,增韧剂(EVA)共聚物400克,加入适量抗氧剂(为原料总重量的0.3%),将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀。双螺杆挤出机各段温度:机身温度200℃,240℃,260℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃。经熔融共混工艺路线,熔体挤出后经水冷,然后经过切粒机切粒,粒料干燥后在注塑机上制成标准试样,试样注射后,平衡24小时进行力学性能测试。上述聚酯和聚碳合金聚合物合金材料的力学性能测试结果如下:断裂强度52.6MPa、弹性模量1959MPa、断裂伸长率90.2%。
实施例5:
称取干燥后的PET瓶级切片2.4公斤,聚碳(PC)1.6公斤,增韧剂(EVA)共聚物80克,加入适量抗氧剂(为原料总重量的0.2%),将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀。双螺杆挤出机各段温度:机身温度200℃,240℃,260℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃。经熔融共混工艺路线,熔体挤出后经水冷,然后经过切粒机切粒,粒料干燥后在注塑机上制成标准试样,试样注射后,平衡24小时进行力学性能测试。上述聚酯和聚碳合金聚合物合金材料的力学性能测试结果如下:断裂强度52.6MPa、弹性模量1959MPa、断裂伸长率90.2%。

Claims (2)

1.一种聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金的制备方法,其特征在于:
首先对聚酯切片和聚碳酸酯树脂两种原料进行干燥处理,聚碳酸酯树脂在110~115℃下干燥10小时,聚酯切片在120~125℃下干燥10小时;按重量百分比称取干燥后的聚酯切片60%和聚碳酸酯树脂40%,加入两种原料总重量的0.2~0.3%抗氧剂1010和加入两种原料总重量2~10%的聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯树脂,将上述原材料在高速混合机中混合均匀;用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混挤出,双螺杆挤出机各段温度为:机身温度220℃,235℃,255℃,265℃,265℃;机头温度265℃;熔体挤出后经水冷,切粒,得到聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金材料;
所述的聚酯、聚酯切片为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯和聚碳酸酯树脂合金的制备方法,其特征在于:聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯树脂加入重量为4%。
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