CN101905925B - Method for treating dispersed domestic sewage in rural areas by using sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed - Google Patents
Method for treating dispersed domestic sewage in rural areas by using sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101905925B CN101905925B CN2009100328744A CN200910032874A CN101905925B CN 101905925 B CN101905925 B CN 101905925B CN 2009100328744 A CN2009100328744 A CN 2009100328744A CN 200910032874 A CN200910032874 A CN 200910032874A CN 101905925 B CN101905925 B CN 101905925B
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Abstract
The invention relates to treatment on dispersed resident domestic sewage in rural areas and mineralized waste utilization technology of treating waste by using waste, belonging to the field of solid waste resource utilization and environment protection. In the invention, a sequencing batch treatment process of mineralized waste fillers is adopted to fully develop the advantages of the mineralizedwaste, such as strong absorption on phosphorus, artificial wetland, pollutant removal capability of a sequencing batch reactor and the like and realize the treatment on the dispersed resident domestic sewage in rural areas. Because of the particularity of the forming process and the mechanism, the mineralized waste has more advantages than many soils, such as favorable porous structures, large surface areas, rich microorganisms and the like, and most importantly, the mineralized waste has the advantages of large phosphorus absorption capacity and low desorbing ratio of absorption-state phosphorus. Artificial wetland is formed through constructing a mineralized waste bed filler prepared by different size grading and planting plants on a surface layer. Aiming at typical characteristics of intermittent inflow of the domestic sewage in rural areas, four stages of water inflow, reaction, water outflow and idling are carried out in a sewage pool of the sequencing batch reactor, wherein the time of the reaction stage is regulated to control the water quantity and the water quality, and reoxygenation is carried out on the upper layer of the mineralized waste filler in the idling stage to improve the oxygen content in the bed body, which is beneficial to aerobic metabolism and nitration reaction of the microorganisms. The sewage longitudinally flows to the bottom of the mineralized waste filler bed through a water distribution pipeline to realize a denitrification process at a fine stuff part of the bottom.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to decentralized urban residents sanitary sewage disposal and solid waste " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another " recycling new technology, belong to the utilization of resources and field of environment protection.
Background technology
At present city domestic sewage collect and processing rate higher, the pollution of water surrounding is effectively controlled.And domestic sewage in rural areas by using has become the important source of vast Rural areas pollution of area source, and the individual generation of the sewage of Rural areas is few, but because the size of population is many; The collection and the treatment measures that have no sewage; The life in the countryside source of pollution are become influences the important in rope of water surrounding, and aggravates [Guo Hongyan, Wang Xiaorong along with the change of life in the countryside mode; Zhu Jianguo; Deng. Taihu Lake basin non-point source polluted by nitrogen is to the Quantitative study [J] of water quality impact. agricultural environment science journal, 2003,22 (2): 150-153.].
The generation of domestic sewage in rural areas by using, the water yield and water quality have feature: (1) disperses and away from blowdown pipe network and big water body, the water environment capacity of being received is little; (2) the sewage collecting rate, processing rate is low, level of management are low, sewage generally directly enters near rivers and lakes without any processing, has aggravated the pollution of water surrounding; (3) sewage discharge is inhomogeneous, and temporal variation is bigger, and daily variation factor is generally between 3.0～5.0; (4) mainly be washing, shower and the draining of part sanitary ware, the water yield is different because of the difference of the economic degree of provincialism.Nutrient inventory such as organism and nitrogen, phosphorus is higher, does not generally contain Toxic matter, also contains synthetic detergent and bacterium, virus, parasitic ovum etc. in the sewage; (5) general water displacement is few, and contained organic concentration is higher relatively, and the COD maximum concentration reaches 2000mg/L; (6) be rich in nitrogen phosphorus in the domestic sewage in rural areas by using, from the total phosphorus discharge load, sewage accounts for 60%, is the major reason that causes body eutrophication.
With the Changzhou is example, nearly 1,500,000 people of its people in the countryside, the simple and easy method that so far take to ooze down naturally in the soil behind the house before the sewage residence, ight soil is stored in on-the-spot disposal in the various manure pit, severe contamination surrounding environment, the ecological security in threat rural area more.Difficulty is that dotted small village and rural area disperse the resident; Its characteristics are that sewage do not include pipe network system in, and little [Xu Hongbin, Lv Xiwu of receiving water body environmental capacity on every side; Li Xianning; Deng. Taihu Lake basin domestic sewage in rural areas by using pollution situation investigation [J]. agricultural environment science journal, 2007,26 (supplementary issue): 375-378.].Based on the economic base in rural area and the present situation of level of management, employing reduced investment, the energy consumption that should suit measures to local conditions is low, the domestic sewage in rural areas by using treatment technology of simple and convenient management.Therefore, look for the task of an outlet extremely urgent for the on-the-spot disposal that disperses urban residents' sewage.To this, existing both at home and abroad correlative study, wherein artificial swamp comparatively more sees.
1 artificial swamp
Artificial swamp is to use the rational environmental technology in a kind of economy of domestic sewage in rural areas by using processing; Its not only can suit measures to local conditions to utilize existing place and topographical condition; Realize processing through absorbing of plant to waste water with mikrobe and physicochemical acting in conjunction; Being beneficial to simultaneously handling the recycling of back water outlet, is the treatment technology comparatively widely of research at present.But without pretreated former water, the due pre-treatment of waste water process that requires to get into this treatment process is to reduce SS and the CODc in the water inlet with direct acceptance for this difficult technique
r, thereby many use with acquisition stable treated effect with other process combination.There are shortcomings such as efficient is low, floor space big, seasonal effect in artificial swamp simultaneously.
2. dispersed domestic sewage in rural areas by using treatment technology
The structure of domestic sewage in rural areas by using treatment system should be established the theory of " suit measures to local conditions, biological and ecological, comprehensive utilization, the system integration "; The principle that, scrubbing usefulness low in line with processing cost is high, realize recycling; Adopt biological and ecologic facies bonded processing mode, form the treatment technology that meets domestic sewage in rural areas by using water quality, the water yield and discharging and collection characteristic.
China's domestic sewage in rural areas by using composition complicacy and water quality and quantity fluctuation day by day is very big, and therefore, the concrete technology that domestic sewage in rural areas by using is handled must have stronger capacity of resisting impact load and can effectively remove pollutent; Need possess the low advantage of manageability, reduced investment and running cost simultaneously,, existing sewage disposal technology screened to above-mentioned characteristic feature; Consider intermittence, the flexibility of impact load and the handiness of design of domestic sewage in rural areas by using water inlet; With respect to other technology, SBR technology with its handiness, high efficiency and economy at advantage aspect the sanitary sewage disposal of rural area (sub-district) significantly [Zhao Yu, Li Duosong; Money is male; The beautiful .SBR of Luan Xiao handles the research of community wastewater optimal operating condition. hydroscience and engineering, 2008,6:56-58.].
3.SBR technology
The SBR method is the abbreviation of intermittent activated sludge process (Sequencing Batch Reactor Activated Sludge Process), is called sequencing batch active sludge again.The SBR activated sludge process is in single reactor drum, to accomplish water inlet, reaction (aeration), deposition, draining, standby (leaving unused) whole process in chronological order, thereby reaches the purpose of WWT.It is simple that the SBR method has technology, and capital construction and working cost are low; The biochemical reaction impellent is big, speed is fast, efficient is high; The anti impulsion load ability is stronger; Advantage such as flexible operation, easy care.
Shortcoming is to need power aeration or stirring, and the generation of mud is arranged simultaneously, needs spoil disposal.To this defective, this patent design adopts the mineralized waste filler to fill and the interior bed body that forms of reaction tank.
4 mineralized waste fillers
Mineralized waste is that domestic refuse is under the envrionment conditions of refuse landfill relative closure, i.e. after the refuse landfill closing several years (southern area is more than 8～10 years, and northern area is more than 10～15 years); Be prone to the degradation material completion of degrading basically in the rubbish, biodegradable substances content is less than 3%, and the rubbish outer appearnce is similar to soil ulmin; Be the microparticle shape; Quality is loose, has countless microporositys, and such rubbish is referred to as mineralized waste.Because the singularity of forming process and mechanism; Mineralized waste have again many soil incomparable meliority; If any advantage [Yang Yujiang such as good vesicular structure and huge surface-area, biota are abundant; Zhao Youcai, Bian Ping Xin. the refuse landfill mineralized waste is to the characterization of adsorption research [J] of phosphorus in the waste water. Suzhou Institute of Science and Technology journal (engineering version) .2004,17 (1): 1-5].Particularly importantly mineralized waste has the low advantage of desorption efficiency of the big and ADSORPTION STATE phosphorus of phosphorus loading capacity; Thereby be applied to large-size horizontal mineralized waste reaction bed and handle various wastewater [Li Hongjiang; Zhao Youcai. the mineralized waste reaction bed is handled demonstration of percolate engineering and the research of tail water purification techniques thereof. Tongji University's Ph D dissertation; Shanghai, 2008].
(1) percolate from garbage filling field
It is 100m that No. 40 landfill units of Shanghai City Lao Gang waste landfill yard make up processing power
3The horizontal mineralized waste reaction bed demonstration project of percolate/d.Monitoring data more than 2 years shows, the NH of three grades of water outlets of horizontal mineralized waste bed
3-N, SS, BOD
5, contamination index such as TP, colourity, stink, heavy metal content all is lower than the national secondary emission standard, COD value meeting tier 2 emission standard in the time in 1 year 25% can satisfy three grades the whole year and receive the tube drainage standard.This technology ton initial cost expense is 1.32 ten thousand yuan, and the ton treatment operating costs is merely 5.1 yuan.
(2) trade effluent class
Phenolic wastewater: mineralized waste reaction bed body Pyrogentisinic Acid, 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2, the removal test of 4-two chlorophenols shows that the mineralized waste bed can reach aldehydes matter degradation rate faster after the domestication of 50d.When the organic phenol mass concentration of water inlet was 20mg/L, under the condition of continuous water distribution time 6h, psychrometric ratio 8: 1, water distribution speed 0.254cm/min, the clearance of phenol was greater than 95%; 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol and 2, the clearance of 4-two chlorophenols is respectively 90.1%, 88.6% and 85.2%.
Coking chemical waste water: evidence mineralized waste reaction bed is to COD, the NH of coking chemical waste water
3-N and several kinds of POPs have good effect of removing.When water inlet COD concentration was 900～1450mg/L, single-stage mineralized waste reaction bed body was to COD, NH
3The clearance of-N, volatile phenol and several kinds of typical heterogeneous ring compounds is respectively 82%, 95%, 98% and 64%; Two-stage backflow mineralized waste bed body is to corresponding C OD, NH
3The clearance of-N, volatile phenol and several kinds of typical heterogeneous ring compounds can reach 92%, 96%, 99% and 74%.
(3) waste water of livestock poultry is handled
Conventional waste water of livestock poultry treatment process mainly is to adopt anaerobism to store the governance model that combines with field irrigation.The mineralized waste bed that people such as Shao Fang have carried out in the laboratory 6 months is handled the waste water of livestock poultry test.The result shows that the mineralized waste treatment system is to colourity, SS, COD, BOD in the waste water of livestock poultry
5, NH
3The average removal rate of-N and total phosphorus is respectively 64.7%, 54.29%, 75.33%, 88.71%, 94.55% and 99.83%; COD, BOD
5And NH
3The water concentration that goes out of-N is respectively 185.61mg/L, 14.94mg/L and 26.79mg/L, has reached the industry emission standard of waste water of livestock poultry.
(4) city domestic sewage is handled
Guo Yali adopts the mineralized waste bed to handle city domestic sewage, and the operation result in 2 years shows that the COD of city domestic sewage is reduced to 10～50mg/L, NH from 400～500mg/L of water inlet
3-N is reduced to 5～10mg/L from 25～50mg/L.This technology produces the mud of minute quantity, be applicable to day sewage quantity less than in 1000 tons, the processing of sewage such as samll cities and towns, hotel, a ton handling is 0.2 yuan.
Mineralized waste is as a kind of brand-new WWT filler, and advantage is remarkable, but above-mentioned mineralized waste bed of packings floor space greatly, properly distributed do not utilize the mineralized waste grain composition and after operation for some time tradition be prone to stop up.The sequencing batch mineralized waste filler of design construction of the present invention is wetland bed to have advantages such as floor space is little, flow process is simple, routine maintenance is convenient, the anti-shock loading performance is good, need not aeration and equipment for separating liquid from solid, no mud in service produce, running cost is low, is suitable for the on-the-spot disposal of the existing urban residents of dispersion sewage.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the characteristic of mineralized waste filler, (Sequencing Batch Reactor SBR) forms sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland, operation water inlet, reaction, water outlet and idle 4 stages through optimum combination sequence batch (sewage treatment process.Then, water outlet is flowed out through action of gravity again and is handled through one section artificial swamp, and water outlet comes together in tank, through promoting flush the toilet (Fig. 1) in the pump.
The objective of the invention is to reach through following technical scheme and measure.
The method of sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed processing dispersed domestic sewage in rural areas by using of the present invention; It is characterized in that selecting for use of mineralized waste filler; Concrete steps are following: after the refuse landfill closing several years (southern area is more than 8～10 years, and northern area is more than 10～15 years), after above-mentioned mineralized waste process excavation, airing and simple screening; Raw material that can type of obtaining soil ulmin; And then be divided into 2mm sieve fines and the coarse fodder of crossing 2mm～2cm sieve, with above-mentioned insert respectively sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed in, a small amount of plantation plant in the bed.
The water outlet of sewage three-grid septic tank is through (leaving filling surface 20～30cm) water distribution uniformities (Fig. 1) under the inferior surface of pipeline filler in bed; Design storage capacity makes water inlet back bed body be in undersaturated condition; Water outlet is left unused after operation for some time, waits for water inlet for the second time.
Sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed water outlet is carried out purifying treatment again through partial artificial swamp, holds back the mineralized waste fines that the current flushing is carried, and last water outlet comes together in tank (Fig. 1).
The practical implementation method:
As follows with implementation method narration of the present invention at present:
Embodiment one: sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed processing domestic sewage in rural areas by using-single household type, design population 5 people handle the water yield 1.2～3.6m
3/ d.Design storage capacity 4.0m
3, usable storage 3.8m
3, dark 1.0m, long 2.0m, wide 2.0m.
Mineralized waste is crossed 2mm sieve fines packing height 45cm, crosses the coarse fodder packing height 50cm (Fig. 2) of 2mm～2cm sieve.Plantation parasol grass, planting density 3～4 strains/m
2The water outlet of sewage three-grid septic tank is provided with sewage irrigation pipeline water distribution with holes at filling surface 20-30cm place.Move 2～3 Zhou Houzhi steady states, handle the back effluent quality and reach " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level B requirement.
Through (leaving filling surface 20～30cm) water distribution uniformities (accompanying drawing 2) under the inferior surface of pipeline filler in bed; Design storage capacity makes water inlet back bed body be in undersaturated condition; Keep 8～10 hours reaction times; Water outlet made upper strata mineralized waste coarse fodder reoxygenation in idle 5～8 hours after operation for some time, waited for water inlet for the second time simultaneously.
Sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed water outlet is carried out purifying treatment again through partial artificial swamp, holds back the mineralized waste fines that the current flushing is carried.Last water outlet comes together in tank (accompanying drawing 2).Utilizing pump to be promoted to elevated tank again supplies to flush the toilet and uses or irrigation waits other purposes.
Embodiment two: sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed processing domestic sewage in rural areas by using-many house types, design population 15 people handle the water yield 3.6～10.8m
3/ d.Design storage capacity 15.0m
3, usable storage 14.0m
3, dark 1.5m, long 5.0m, wide 2.0m.
Mineralized waste is crossed 2mm sieve fines packing height 80cm, crosses the coarse fodder packing height 60cm (Fig. 3) of 2mm～2cm sieve.Plantation parasol grass, planting density 3-4 strain/m
2The water outlet of sewage three-grid septic tank is provided with sewage irrigation pipeline water distribution with holes at filling surface 20～30cm place.Move 3～4 Zhou Houzhi steady states, handle the back effluent quality and can reach " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level B requirement.
Through (leaving filling surface 20～30cm) water distribution uniformities (accompanying drawing 3) under the inferior surface of pipeline filler in bed; Design storage capacity makes water inlet back bed body be in undersaturated condition; After keeping 12～15 hours reaction times; Water outlet made upper strata mineralized waste coarse fodder reoxygenation in idle 4～5 hours, waited for water inlet for the second time simultaneously.
Sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed water outlet is carried out purifying treatment (dark 1m, wide 2m, long 0.5m) again through partial artificial swamp, holds back the mineralized waste fines that the current flushing is carried.Last water outlet comes together in tank (accompanying drawing 3).Utilizing pump to be promoted to elevated tank again supplies to flush the toilet and uses or irrigation waits other purposes.
Advantage of the present invention:
Major advantage of the present invention is following:
Adopt the sequence batch (treatment process of mineralized waste filler, give full play to the synergy of mineralized waste, the scrubbing of SBR technology, realize the rural area is disperseed the processing of resident living sewage, advantage is remarkable:
1) the bulk treatment process system need not oxygen supply etc. power consumption; Reduced investment, running maintenance are simple; As a kind of high-efficiency aerobic/anaerobism alternate treatment technology, its operating load is high, processing power is strong, thereby takes up an area of little; And, can effectively realize compact, stable, the low target cheaply of investing of technology with the artificial swamp combined running;
2), not restricted by landform, both can build separately, also can be several families join platform and build, the sewage after the processing can return and flush the toilet, to disperseing the peasant family water supply network to fail to cover and using sanitary apparatus such as water closet very suitable;
3), treatment system can realize that the inside of mud digests, and need not efflux; Every replacing mineralized waste filler of clearing at a distance from 2～3 years gets final product, and clears out the mineralized waste filler and can be used as also field of fertilizer.
4) utilize mineralized waste to handle sewage, realize " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ", be beneficial to the on-site elimination of rural areas pollutent, the improvement of environmental quality.
Accompanying drawing 1 is sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed process flow sheet.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed process flow sheets corresponding to embodiment one.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed process flow sheets corresponding to embodiment two.
Claims (1)
1. the method for sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed processing dispersed domestic sewage in rural areas by using, it is characterized in that the mineralized waste of selecting for use be domestic refuse under the envrionment conditions of refuse landfill relative closure, i.e. refuse landfill is closed the several years; Wherein southern area is more than 8～10 years, and northern area is more than 10～15 years, is prone to the degradation material completion of degrading basically in the rubbish; Biodegradable substances content is less than 5%; The rubbish outer appearnce is similar to soil ulmin, is the microparticle shape, and quality is loose; Have countless microporositys, such rubbish is referred to as mineralized waste; Wherein mineralized waste is through after excavation, airing and simply sieving; Raw material that can type of obtaining soil ulmin; And then be divided into 2mm～2cm sieve fines and the coarse fodder of crossing 2cm～10cm sieve, with above-mentioned filler according to " thin down thick " layering insert sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed in; The mineralized waste bed fillers of gradation composition moves according to " water inlet-reaction-water outlet-idle " 4 stages in the sequencing batch reactor sewage lagoon; Wherein, " reaction " time in stage of adjusting was controlled amount of inlet water and effluent quality between 8～16 hours, and " leaving unused " time in stage let mineralized waste filler upper strata carry out reoxygenation between 4～6 hours, improved the intravital oxygen level of bed; Upper strata seed selection parasol grass, reed and Medulla Junci have the comparatively flourishing plant of taproot system, fibrous root system and root system in the sequencing batch mineralized waste wetland bed body, adopt sewage through the inferior surface of water distribution pipe promptly table soil down the mode that vertically flows to bottom the mineralized waste bed of packings of 20～40cm place intake.
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN102351565A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-02-15 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing water treatment phosphorus accumulation filler by sintering with household garbage incineration residues |
| CN102757123B (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2013-12-18 | 常州大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted mineralized refuse participating method for treating organic waste water by homogeneous Fenton |
| CN102757121B (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2013-12-18 | 常州大学 | Mineralized refuse participating method for treating organic waste water by homogeneous Fenton |
| CN102863084B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-01-08 | 常州大学 | Method for degrading organic wastewater through electrolytic stimulation of mineralized refuse supported microorganisms |
| CN103901166A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for experimenting refuse degradation of semi-aerobic reactor with leachate recharging |
| CN108483658A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-04 | 凌志环保股份有限公司 | A method of control rural sewage treatment strain suspend mode |
| CN112158943B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-07-19 | 同济大学 | Biological trickling device based on living source dry garbage filler and application thereof |
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| CN1351969A (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-06-05 | 同济大学 | Purifying treatment method for diffusion water of garbage burying ground |
| CN1445176A (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2003-10-01 | 同济大学 | Method for handling waste water of domestic animals and poultry by using mineralization garbage |
| CN1792852A (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2006-06-28 | 同济大学 | Composite type water treating agent based mineralizing garbage and equipment process thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1351969A (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-06-05 | 同济大学 | Purifying treatment method for diffusion water of garbage burying ground |
| CN1445176A (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2003-10-01 | 同济大学 | Method for handling waste water of domestic animals and poultry by using mineralization garbage |
| CN1792852A (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2006-06-28 | 同济大学 | Composite type water treating agent based mineralizing garbage and equipment process thereof |
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