CN102674631A - Method and system for advanced treatment of centralized rural domestic sewage - Google Patents
Method and system for advanced treatment of centralized rural domestic sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102674631A CN102674631A CN2012101428332A CN201210142833A CN102674631A CN 102674631 A CN102674631 A CN 102674631A CN 2012101428332 A CN2012101428332 A CN 2012101428332A CN 201210142833 A CN201210142833 A CN 201210142833A CN 102674631 A CN102674631 A CN 102674631A
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Abstract
本发明属于水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种集中式农村生活污水的深度处理方法与系统。本发明的处理系统包括水解酸化池、复合塔式生态滤池和表面流人工湿地系统；处理方法包括如下步骤：污水经管网收集，先进入水解酸化池稳定并调节水量，水解酸化池为一填埋池，然后通过扬程为5m以上的潜水电泵将污水抽上高位配水池；通过强化布水措施，将水解酸化池的生活污水布入复合塔式生态滤池，去除污水中有机污染物、总氮、氨氮、总磷以及病原微生物的去除；上述尾水和经收集的降雨径流进入人工湿地系统进行深度处理。人工湿地可以营造良好的水环境景观，出水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级A标准。
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a method and system for advanced treatment of centralized rural domestic sewage. The treatment system of the present invention includes a hydrolytic acidification tank, a composite tower ecological filter and a surface flow artificial wetland system; the treatment method includes the following steps: the sewage is collected through a pipe network, first enters the hydrolysis acidification tank to stabilize and adjust the water volume, and the hydrolysis acidification tank is a filling Bury the pool, and then pump the sewage to the high-level distribution pool through the submersible electric pump with a lift of more than 5m; through strengthening water distribution measures, distribute the domestic sewage in the hydrolysis acidification pool into the composite tower ecological filter to remove organic pollutants, Removal of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and pathogenic microorganisms; the above-mentioned tail water and collected rainfall runoff enter the constructed wetland system for advanced treatment. Constructed wetlands can create a good water environment landscape, and the effluent meets the first-class A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-treatment technology field, be specifically related to a kind of deep treatment method and system of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using.
Background technology
The staple of domestic sewage in rural areas by using is organic metabolic waste and some animality, plant food residue, physiology movement one type of materials such as (excrement, urine), also contains a large amount of non-pathogenic micro-organisms and can cause human infectious disease's pathogenic micro-organism on a small quantity.According to the data of 2010 national environmental protection portions, more than 90 hundred million tons of sewages are produced in national rural area per year, account for 1/3 of national sewage total emission volumn.In the Ministry of Construction (2009) " village human settlement's present situation and the problem " report, go in village's door-to-door survey to find that in 74 villages, 43 counties of 9 provinces representative 96% village does not have discharge conduit and Sewage treatment systems to China.
With abroad compare, the Chinese countryside sewage have have a large capacity and a wide range, organic concentration is higher, and characteristics such as daily variation factor is big, intermittently discharged, control difficulty; Undressed sewage discharges wantonly and rainwater gets into the interflow pipeline in the lump, enters the river course nearby; River course, lake are polluted; Havoc rural ecological environment, direct threats mass peasants' is healthy, hinders rural economic development.
The combined type ecological filter is the land treatment system that ecotechnology is strengthened in a kind of application, and it is to have the organism of eating, improve the sewage ecological treatment system of the multistage water distribution of a kind of multilayer that the ecological functions such as synergy of soil aeration water permeability and earthworm and mikrobe design according to earthworm.Combined type ecological filter device is as the improvement and the raising of tower earthworm ecological filter tank; Form by high-order distributing trough and one or more levels ecological trickling filter; The trickling filter top layer is the land percolation system; Lower floor is the biological filter; Biologic packing material grating through different-grain diameter forms, and having made up with mikrobe, plant, animal, filler etc. is the ecological type sewage treatment system of principal element, efficiently solves the oxygenation problem in the WWT, nitration denitrification effect, the tp removal rate under the low ratio of carbon to ammonium condition crossed the insurmountable gordian technique difficult problems of general filter chamber such as low.
The artificial swamp treatment technology has removes the efficient height to nitrogen phosphorus; Construction investment is few; Energy consumption, operation and processing costs are low; Manage advantages such as simple, and competent relatively rural area, soil can provide again this technology required big land area, therefore should technology have broad prospect of application in the Rural areas.With the artificial swamp is the Tailwater Depth treatment technology of core, and the WWT function of wetland and its ecoscape function are combined when carrying out advanced treatment, realizes beautifying environment.Water outlet reaches " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level A standard.
Summary of the invention
It is high to the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of detersive efficiency, centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using deep treatment method and system that construction cost and running cost are low.
The centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using deep treatment method that the present invention proposes is with combined type ecological filter technology and artificial swamp technology organic assembling, the centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using of advanced treatment, and it comprises the following steps:
Step 1: sewage is collected through pipe network, is introduced into the stable and regulating pondage of hydrolysis acidification pool, and hydrolysis acidification pool is a landfill pond, is that submersible pump more than the 5m draws up high-order distribution reservoir with sewage through lift then;
Step 2: through the intensified water-layout measure; The sewage of hydrolysis acidification pool is distributed into compound tower ecological filter, and sewage carries out the removal of organic pollutant (COD), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus (TP) and pathogenic micro-organism in compound tower ecological filter;
Step 3: the rainfall runoff that the tail water of step 2 and warp are collected gets into artificial wet land system and carries out advanced treatment, and artificial swamp can be built good water surrounding view, water reuse during water outlet can be done.
Among the present invention, the hydrolysis acidification pool in the step 1 is the landfill pond that import and export and inspection port are arranged.Be provided with the baffle plate of brick mix structure in the hydrolysis acidification pool, in case short stream takes place, water outlet is batched through submersible pump in the high-order distributing trough of compound tower ecological filter top.
Among the present invention, the compound tower ecological filter of step 2 is connected to form by high-order distributing trough and one or more levels ecological trickling filter successively; Wherein, the top layer of every grade of ecological trickling filter is the land percolation layer, and lower floor is biological filtering layer, and this biology filtering layer is formed by the biologic packing material grating of different-grain diameter; The combined type ecological filter is for being the ecological type sewage treatment system of principal element with mikrobe, plant, animal, filler etc.
Said compound tower ecological filter adopts the mode of gradient tower layout layer, multiple-stage treatment units in series, and its structure is seen shown in Figure 2, and the ecological trickling filter of one-level is a tower layer, constitutes a processing unit; Each processing unit shape can be square, rectangle or circle; So-called gradient tower layout layer; Be meant that the plate column layer takes notch cuttype (comprising straight line notch cuttype or revolution ladder etc.) combination; Can increase illuminating area like this, help filter tank filling surface plant-growth, strengthen of absorption conversion and the root oxygen effect thereof of its root pollution substance in the sewage.So-called multiple-stage treatment units in series is meant the processing unit series connection successively from top to bottom of gradient tower layout layer, and sewage flows into next unit and purifies through after a unitary absorption, transforming.Multiple-unit series connection Treatment Design has improved the soil removability of system.
Described artificial wet land system is meant according to general wetland requirement, according to local geographical environment and artificial constructed system.For example can utilize local favourable geographical features, design a certain size pond body, be filler with broken green stone etc., the local common plant of upper strata plantation.
Further; Every layer ecological trickling filter is provided with basically identical in the described compound tower biological filter; Its upper strata (top layer) is the land percolation layer, and wood chip or rice husk etc. are carbonaceous to enrich the artificial soil horizon that organism and fine sand etc. are formed by having added in the local soil.Its thickness is generally 30 ~ 40cm, and it is that the layering of 3 ~ 20mm rubble is filled that fine sand, particle diameter are arranged between wherein, and this intermediate filling layer thickness is 10 ~ 15cm.Rely on the huge surface area formation microbial film of fine sand and rubble to continue the pollution substance of sewage is adsorbed, degrades so on the one hand, because fine sand and rubble have bigger PQ, can guarantee the hydraulic load of total system on the other hand; Lower floor is that the cobble of 10 ~ 15cm is formed by particle diameter 10 ~ 50mm, thickness, plays the effect of support and draining.
Throwing in the said land percolation layer has earthworm, because earthworm movement is arranged, so be referred to as the earthworm bed; The density of throwing in earthworm in the earthworm bed is 8 ~ 12g (earthworm)/L (filler).Earthworm is divided into top layer kind and deep layer kind, and the top layer kind is big flat No. 2 earthworms, throws at 3 ~ 7cm degree of depth place; The deep layer kind is encircled a mao earthworm for William, throws at earthworm bed 15 ~ 20cm degree of depth place.Earthworm can quicken to make up sewage-land ecosystem efficiently, has realized effective conversion of pollutent.
Among the present invention, described compound tower biological filter is respectively equipped with water distributor at the artificial soil horizon's of each grade processing unit top layer and internal layer, in surperficial water distribution, can increase the homogeneity of internal layer water distribution.The goal valve is installed on the main water inlet tube of water distributor, controls the regulated quantity water distributor water yield to distribute through valve.The water distributor on each grade top layer is the PVC water distributor of single row of holes, and the diameter of water distributing pore is 8mm ~ 12mm, and the spacing of adjacent water distributing pore is 20 ~ 35mm; The internal layer water distributor is the PVC water distributor in double hole, and the diameter of water distributing pore is 6mm ~ 12mm, and the spacing of adjacent water distributing pore is 15mm ~ 25mm, and the depth of burying of internal layer water distributor is 25 ~ 30cm place in the artificial soil horizon; Be green stone with the geotextile parcel around the internal layer water distributor, the geotextile skin promptly is the artificial soil horizon.When sewage comes out from water distributor, at first pass through the biomembrane purification on green stone; Through fabric and the hollow billet Jing Run effect once of artificial native winning rate, be diffused into surrounding soil slowly then.
Among the present invention, described compound tower biological filter, sewage takes the drop water aeration technology to strengthen the dissolved oxygen content the water inlet when hydrolysis acidification pool gets into high-order distributing trough.Drop progression can be taked 1 ~ 3 grade, and every grade of drop highly is 0.4-0.6m.When sewage extract to throw in is gone into high-order distributing trough through submersible pump, promptly place perps type drop baffle plate so that uniform distribution after the sewage impact baffle plate can reach oxidation effect preferably like this; The design discharge per unit width is 20 ~ 50m
3/ (m
2.h).The water distributor connection of high-order distributing trough water outlet valve and next stage processing unit through the goal.
Further, described compound tower biological filter, the top layer stringing hydromining of each grade processing unit is used perforated pipe, forms the spray water structure during water distribution, to improve the DO content in one-level processing unit and the water outlet of second-stage treatment unit.The eye diameter of perforated pipe can be 6 ~ 12mm, and the eyelet flow velocity is 1.5 ~ 2.5m/s, and mounting height is 0.3 ~ 0.6m.
Among the present invention, described compound tower biological filter uses timer to control the submersible pump power switch.Water distribution time and the system dried time ratio that falls is controlled in the scope of 1:3 ~ 1:5,, can realizes the maximization of earthworm and ecological function, realize the realization of denitrification-anaerobic environment water distribution cycle location one day.
Among the present invention, described compound tower biological filter, Chi Tike adopts glass reinforced plastic prefabricated, and on-the-spot the installation improved speed of application greatly, realized sewage treatment facility equipmentization, helps suitability for industrialized production.
Among the present invention, said artificial swamp structure is seen shown in Figure 3, and its water inlet portion adopts the water distribution of rectangle flat-topped weir, in the water distribution process, plays the aeration effect simultaneously.The wetland upper strata is highly to be the packing layer of 25 ~ 45cm, and filler is sand and microlith etc., and the microlith particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 0.5cm.The wetland bottom is highly to be the packing layer of 10 ~ 15cm, and filler is broken green stone, and particle diameter is 3 ~ 5cm, to strengthen the removal of phosphoric; Upper and lower two packing layers are formed bed of packings; Gradient design is adopted in bed of packings bottom, and general value of slope can be 1% the ratio of bottom lengths (the inclination angle height with).It above the bed of packings free-water level of 10 ~ 15cm height.
Adopt waterproofing design at the bottom of the pond: at first lay the thick clay layer of 10 ~ 20cm, compacting and levelling have the gradient of tendency water side 1% simultaneously; Lay the thick reinforced plastics film of 2mm then; For preventing that the rubble filler from puncturing barrier film, lay the thick fine sand in the 1cm left and right sides on anti seepage membrane top.
Exhalant region adopts the perforated pipe design of catchmenting, and picks out the wetland exterior wall through threeway then, external water-exit vertically pipe.Water outlet reaches " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level A standard.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1) has higher denitrogenation dephosphorizing efficient;
The operation scheme of 2) dripping filter has solved the oxygenation problem of sewage, helps removal and nitrogenous substances nitrated of organic pollution materials in the sewage (being mainly BOD);
3) to the intensity of sewage type, be convenient to research and develop the device system of mass-producing, seriation;
4) construction cost and running cost are low, are easy to safeguard;
5) the Chinese territory of adaptation is vast, and the bigger present situation of climate type difference between the different regions can be dissimilar local uses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is compound tower ecological filter of the present invention-artificial wetland process schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 2 is a combined type ecological filter structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is surface current artificial wetland's structural representation of the present invention.
Label among the figure: 1 is hydrolysis acidification pool, and 2 is high-order distribution reservoir, and 3 is surperficial water distributor, and 4 is the earthworm bed, and 5 is by-pass valve, and 6 is the internal layer water distributor, and 7 is sand stone layer, and 8 is pebble bed; 9 is water inlet pipe; 10 is the cloth tank; 11 is cloth mill weir wall; 12 are the perforation header; 13 is rising pipe; 14 is bed of packings; 15 is free-water level.
Embodiment
The technology that Wujin District concentrates domestic sewage in rural areas by using to handle townee Feng Cun Hu Jiatou employing combined type ecological filter+surface current artificial wetland in Changzhou Wujin District Luoyang is handled.
The combined type tower biological filter:
The combined type tower biological filter is made up of three grades of filter tanks; First step filter tank is high-order water distribution anaerobic filter; The novel anaerobism filtrate of configuration in the filter tank, the anaerobism filtrate is the granule filter material of different gradation, in sewage treatment process; Through utilizing filtrate absorption, mikrobe synergy, further COD, SS and part nitrogen phosphorus are removed in interception.Intermittent loading helps the endogenous digestion of mikrobe in the ecological filter, reduces the generation of mud, and filter tank at the corresponding levels is spoil disposal not basically.
Having in each tower layer of second, third grade about 30cm is main filter material layer with soil, is that the earthworm movement zone also is the zone of main processing sewage, is size fractionated, different types of filler under the pedosphere.Be furnished with uniform posticum below each tower layer, between tower layer and the tower layer space about 40cm arranged, in the process of sewage drippage, required oxygen branch in the time of can replenishing organic matter decomposition fully.The novel tower-type earthworm and ecological filter has made full use of the synergy of earthworm and mikrobe on common ecological filter basis, and function such as increase air permeability of earthworm, decomposing organic matter, can more effectively carry out WWT better.Earthworm is degradation of organic substances in the filter tank, also can grind the biochemical action with enteron aisle through its gizzard, and with the synergy of mikrobe; Promote C; N, P transforms and mineralising, but its major function is loosened, is cleared up for the machinery in the soil mobile bed; Filter bed is played physics cleaning effect, keep soil from packing together, stop up.The activity of earthworm in the filter tank can also effectively improve microbe population and microorganism active, promotes the anaerobic digestion of organic substance to transform.Its structural representation is as shown in Figure 2.
Novel tower-type earthworm filter tank main body is a glass fibre reinforced plastic structure, and on-the-spot the installation forms, and filler is haydite, sand, cinder etc., and the tower earthworm ecological filter tank earthworm generally is movable in top layer to the zone of degree of depth 30cm of filter material layer that is the master with soil.
Passed through long engineering practice and engineering demonstration, the difference of existing combined type tower biological filter and tower earthworm ecological filter tank is that material of main part adopts on-the-spot installation of glass reinforced plastic to form, and the sealing property of assurance tower body itself does not water-tightly seep water; Adopt novel filtrate, density is less, and specific surface area is big, is more prone to the load mikrobe; Prolong hydraulic detention time, sewage is longer in the tower body residence time; The earthworm kind of earthworm for improveing, its anti-flooding property significantly improves, and more bears dirty; Engineering time shortens, and the tower earthworm ecological filter tank engineering time is about 40-50 days, and the engineering time of novel tower-type earthworm and ecological filter is about 10-20 days, and the main body settling time is 2-3 days, has improved engineering efficient or the like greatly.
One of artificial swamp: utilizing local favourable geography superiority to make up, is filler with broken green stone, and design pond body effective dimensions is 15 * 8 * 4.8m, and the plant of plantation is local common reed.
Final administer water outlet and reach " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) more than the one-level A, in the Wujin District domestic sewage in rural areas by using is handled, play a significant role with the high processing rate.
Claims (10)
1. the deep treatment method of a centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using is characterized in that it being with combined type ecological filter technology and artificial swamp technology organic assembling, the centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using of advanced treatment, and concrete steps are:
Step 1: sewage is collected through pipe network, is introduced into the stable and regulating pondage of hydrolysis acidification pool, and hydrolysis acidification pool is a landfill pond, is that submersible pump more than the 5m draws up high-order distribution reservoir with sewage through lift then;
Step 2: through the intensified water-layout measure, the sewage of hydrolysis acidification pool is distributed into compound tower ecological filter, removes organic pollutant, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and pathogenic micro-organism in the sewage;
Step 3: the rainfall runoff that the tail water of step 2 and warp are collected gets into artificial wet land system and carries out advanced treatment;
Wherein, said hydrolysis acidification pool is one the landfill pond of import and export and inspection port to be arranged; Be provided with the baffle plate of brick mix structure in the hydrolysis acidification pool, in case short stream takes place, water outlet is batched through submersible pump in the high-order distributing trough of compound tower ecological filter top;
Described compound tower ecological filter is connected to form by high-order distributing trough and one or more levels ecological trickling filter successively; Wherein, the top layer of every grade of ecological trickling filter is the land percolation layer, and lower floor is biological filtering layer, and this biology filtering layer is formed by the biologic packing material grating of different-grain diameter; The combined type ecological filter is for being the ecological type sewage treatment system of principal element with mikrobe, plant, animal and filler;
Said compound tower ecological filter adopts the mode of gradient tower layout layer, multiple-stage treatment units in series; The ecological trickling filter of one-level is a tower layer, constitutes a processing unit; That each processing unit is shaped as is square, rectangle or circle; So-called gradient tower layout layer is meant that the plate column layer takes the notch cuttype combination, and so-called multiple-stage treatment units in series is meant the processing unit series connection successively from top to bottom of gradient tower layout layer, and sewage flows into next unit and purifies through after a unitary absorption, transforming;
Described artificial wet land system is meant according to the wetland requirement, according to local geographical environment and artificial constructed system.
2. the deep treatment method of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in the described compound tower biological filter every layer ecological trickling filter; Its upper strata is the land percolation layer, and wood chip or rice husk are carbonaceous to enrich the artificial soil horizon that organism and fine sand are formed by having added in the local soil, and its thickness is 30 ~ 40cm; It is that the layering of 3 ~ 20mm rubble is filled that fine sand, particle diameter are arranged wherein, and this intermediate filling layer thickness is 10 ~ 15cm; Its lower floor is that the cobble of 10 ~ 15cm is formed by particle diameter 10 ~ 50mm, thickness;
Throw in the land percolation layer that earthworm, earthworm density are arranged is 8 ~ 12g earthworm/L filler.
3. the deep treatment method of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 2; It is characterized in that in the described compound tower biological filter; Top layer and internal layer the artificial soil horizon of each grade processing unit are respectively equipped with water distributor; The goal valve is installed on the main water inlet tube of water distributor, controls the regulated quantity water distributor water yield to distribute through valve; The water distributor on each grade top layer is the PVC water distributor of single row of holes, and the diameter of water distributing pore is 8mm ~ 12mm, and the spacing of adjacent water distributing pore is 20 ~ 35mm; The internal layer water distributor is the PVC water distributor in double hole, and the diameter of water distributing pore is 6mm ~ 12mm, and the spacing of adjacent water distributing pore is 15mm ~ 25mm, and the depth of burying of internal layer water distributor is 25 ~ 30cm place in the artificial soil horizon; Be green stone with the geotextile parcel around the internal layer water distributor, the geotextile skin promptly is the artificial soil horizon;
The drop water aeration mode is taked in described compound tower biological filter, sewage when hydrolysis acidification pool gets into high-order distributing trough, drop progression is 1 ~ 3 grade, and every grade of drop highly is 0.4-0.6m; When sewage extract to throw in is gone into high-order distributing trough through submersible pump, place perps type drop baffle plate so that uniform distribution after the sewage impact baffle plate; Discharge per unit width is 20 ~ 50m
3/ (m
2.h); The water distributor connection of high-order distributing trough water outlet valve and next stage processing unit through the goal;
Described compound tower biological filter, the top layer stringing hydromining of its each grade processing unit is used perforated pipe, forms the spray water structure during water distribution, and the eye diameter of perforated pipe is 6 ~ 12mm, and the eyelet flow velocity is 1.5 ~ 2.5m/s, and mounting height is 0.3 ~ 0.6m.
4. the deep treatment method of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 3; It is characterized in that described compound tower biological filter; Use timer to control the submersible pump power switch; Water distribution time and the system dried time ratio that falls is controlled in the scope of 1:3 ~ 1:5, with water distribution cycle location one day.
5. the deep treatment method of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 1 is characterized in that described artificial swamp, and its water inlet portion adopts the water distribution of rectangle flat-topped weir; The wetland upper strata is highly to be the packing layer of 25 ~ 45cm, and filler is sand and microlith, and the microlith particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 0.5cm; The wetland bottom is highly to be the packing layer of 10 ~ 15cm, and filler is broken green stone, and particle diameter is 3 ~ 5cm, to strengthen the removal of phosphoric; Upper and lower two packing layers are formed bed of packings; Gradient design is adopted in the bed of packings bottom; It above the bed of packings free-water level of 10 ~ 15cm height;
Adopt waterproofing design at the bottom of the pond: at first lay the thick clay layer of 10 ~ 20cm, compacting and levelling have the gradient of tendency water side 1% simultaneously; Lay the thick reinforced plastics film of 2mm then; For preventing that the rubble filler from puncturing barrier film, lay the fine sand of 0.8-1.5cm thickness on anti seepage membrane top.
6. the advanced treatment system of a centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using is characterized in that comprising: hydrolysis acidification pool, compound tower ecological filter and surface current artificial wetland system;
Sewage is collected through pipe network, is introduced into hydrolysis acidification pool, is that submersible pump more than the 5m draws up distribution reservoir with sewage through lift then; The sewage of hydrolysis acidification pool is distributed into compound tower ecological filter, removes organic pollutant, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and pathogenic micro-organism in the sewage; The rainfall runoff that its tail water and warp are collected gets into artificial wet land system and carries out advanced treatment;
Wherein, said hydrolysis acidification pool is one the landfill pond of import and export and inspection port to be arranged; Be provided with the baffle plate of brick mix structure in the hydrolysis acidification pool, in case short stream takes place, water outlet is batched through submersible pump in the high-order distributing trough of compound tower ecological filter top;
Described compound tower ecological filter is connected to form by high-order distributing trough and one or more levels ecological trickling filter successively; Wherein, the top layer of every grade of ecological trickling filter is the land percolation layer, and lower floor is biological filtering layer, and this biology filtering layer is formed by the biologic packing material grating of different-grain diameter; The combined type ecological filter is for being the ecological type sewage treatment system of principal element with mikrobe, plant, animal and filler;
Said compound tower ecological filter adopts the mode of gradient tower layout layer, multiple-stage treatment units in series; The ecological trickling filter of one-level is a tower layer, constitutes a processing unit; That each processing unit is shaped as is square, rectangle or circle; So-called gradient tower layout layer is meant that the plate column layer takes the notch cuttype combination, and so-called multiple-stage treatment units in series is meant the processing unit series connection successively from top to bottom of gradient tower layout layer, and sewage flows into next unit and purifies through after a unitary absorption, transforming;
Described artificial wet land system is meant according to the wetland requirement, according to local geographical environment and artificial constructed system.
7. the advanced treatment system of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 6; It is characterized in that in the described compound tower biological filter every layer ecological trickling filter; Its upper strata is the land percolation layer, and wood chip or rice husk etc. are carbonaceous to enrich the artificial soil horizon that organism and fine sand are formed by having added in the local soil, and its thickness is 30 ~ 40cm; It is that the layering of 3 ~ 20mm rubble is filled that fine sand, particle diameter are arranged wherein, and this intermediate filling layer thickness is 10 ~ 15cm; Its lower floor is that the cobble of 10 ~ 15cm is formed by particle diameter 10 ~ 50mm, thickness;
Throw in the land percolation layer that earthworm, earthworm density are arranged is 8 ~ 12g earthworm/L filler.
8. the advanced treatment system of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 7; It is characterized in that in the described compound tower biological filter; Top layer and internal layer the artificial soil horizon of each grade processing unit are respectively equipped with water distributor; The goal valve is installed on the main water inlet tube of water distributor, controls the regulated quantity water distributor water yield to distribute through valve; The water distributor on each grade top layer is the PVC water distributor of single row of holes, and the diameter of water distributing pore is 8mm ~ 12mm, and the spacing of adjacent water distributing pore is 20 ~ 35mm; The internal layer water distributor is the PVC water distributor in double hole, and the diameter of water distributing pore is 6mm ~ 12mm, and the spacing of adjacent water distributing pore is 15mm ~ 25mm, and the depth of burying of internal layer water distributor is 25 ~ 30cm place in the artificial soil horizon; Be green stone with the geotextile parcel around the internal layer water distributor, the geotextile skin promptly is the artificial soil horizon;
The drop water aeration mode is taked in described compound tower biological filter, sewage when hydrolysis acidification pool gets into high-order distributing trough, drop progression is 1 ~ 3 grade, and every grade of drop highly is 0.4-0.6m; When sewage extract to throw in is gone into high-order distributing trough through submersible pump, place perps type drop baffle plate so that uniform distribution after the sewage impact baffle plate; The water distributor connection of high-order distributing trough water outlet valve and next stage processing unit through the goal;
Described compound tower biological filter, the top layer stringing hydromining of its each grade processing unit is used perforated pipe, forms the spray water structure during water distribution, and the eye diameter of perforated pipe is 6 ~ 12mm, and the eyelet flow velocity is 1.5 ~ 2.5m/s, and mounting height is 0.3 ~ 0.6m.
9. the advanced treatment system of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 8; It is characterized in that described compound tower biological filter; Use timer to control the submersible pump power switch, water distribution time and the system dried time ratio that falls is controlled in the scope of 1:3 ~ 1:5.
10. the advanced treatment system of centralized domestic sewage in rural areas by using according to claim 9 is characterized in that described artificial swamp, and its water inlet portion adopts the water distribution of rectangle flat-topped weir; The wetland upper strata is highly to be the packing layer of 25 ~ 45 cm, and filler is sand and microlith, and the microlith particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 0.5 cm; Wetland lower floor is highly to be the packing layer of 10 ~ 15 cm, and filler is broken green stone, and particle diameter is 3 ~ 5 cm, to strengthen the removal of phosphoric; Upper and lower two packing layers are formed bed of packings; Gradient design is adopted in the bed of packings bottom; It above the bed of packings free-water level of 10 ~ 15cm height;
Adopt waterproofing design at the bottom of the pond: at first lay the thick clay layer of 10 ~ 20cm, compacting and levelling have the gradient of tendency water side 1% simultaneously; Lay the thick reinforced plastics film of 2mm then; For preventing that the rubble filler from puncturing barrier film, lay the fine sand of 0.8-1.5cm thickness on anti seepage membrane top.
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