CN204356328U - A kind of distributing life in the countryside waste resource utilization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distributed rural domestic waste resource utilization device and its application. The device includes a waste pretreatment system, a sewage anaerobic fermentation tank and a sewage secondary treatment tank, wherein the waste pretreatment system includes Domestic waste bins, mixing systems, organic waste hydrolysis pools and inorganic waste storage pools. Compared with the prior art, the utility model's distributed rural domestic waste resource utilization device and its application have the advantages of wide adaptability to fermentation raw materials, low one-time investment, simple and convenient operation, low operation management and maintenance costs, and With the characteristics of recycling some clean energy, it has realized the source reduction of domestic waste, and the reduction rate of domestic waste has reached more than 40%, which has greatly reduced the cost of collection and transportation of domestic waste; realized the on-site treatment and recycling of domestic sewage, There is no need to lay too many pipelines, which meets the needs of decentralized rural domestic waste treatment and low investment and low maintenance costs, and has good promotion and utilization value.

Description

A decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device

technical field

   The utility model belongs to the field of resource recycling and environmental protection, in particular to a distributed resource utilization device for domestic waste in rural areas.

Background technique

In recent years, due to the rapid development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of domestic waste has increased accordingly, but the environmental protection awareness, living habits and supporting environmental protection facilities of rural residents have not followed up, and rural domestic sewage is directly discharged into Rivers and domestic garbage are directly discarded around the courtyard or nearby ditches. Domestic sewage and domestic garbage pollution from rural life has become an important source of rural non-point source pollution, and the rural ecological environment is gradually deteriorating. As governments at all levels pay more and more attention to environmental protection, coupled with the urgent needs of farmers for a healthy life, the protection of rural ecological environment has been raised to a very important level. In October 2005, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China passed the "Proposals for the Eleventh Five-Year Plan", proposing to solidly promote social socialist new countryside construction. Among them, the cleanliness of the village is an important part of the construction of a new socialist countryside. In addition, the Ministry of Agriculture proposed the construction of "beautiful countryside" according to the requirements of the new socialist countryside construction. However, whether it is the construction of a new socialist countryside or the construction of a "beautiful countryside", there are very high requirements for the construction of the rural ecological environment.

In the vast rural areas, rural domestic waste mainly refers to domestic sewage and domestic garbage produced by farmers. Domestic sewage includes toilet flushing water, kitchen water, laundry and bathing water, etc. Domestic waste includes kitchen waste, melon peels, shells, plastics, etc. Bags, waste paper, etc., in which the content of easily decomposable organic matter is relatively high. According to the survey, the proportion of organic waste in rural domestic waste is over 50%, which varies slightly with the survey area. Due to the characteristics of scattered residence and low concentration of farmers, it is impossible to use the urban centralized treatment mode for rural waste treatment. In the Taihu Lake area of Jiangsu Province, in response to the problem of rural domestic waste disposal, with the strong support of governments at all levels, a model of "group cleaning, village collection, town transfer, and county (district) treatment" of domestic waste has been formed. Net collection - mode of centralized processing. Although the government has invested a lot of money in the early stage, the subsequent management and operation costs will still test whether these projects and treatment facilities can continue to operate effectively, and this model of relying on government investment has no possibility of being replicated in the vast rural areas of our country.

Due to the scattered characteristics of farmers, adopting the mode of taking over collection and centralized treatment of domestic sewage, the workload and engineering investment of taking over are relatively large, and it is difficult to implement on a large scale. It has certain reference significance for the established model of "group cleaning-village collection-township transfer-county (district) treatment" in the Taihu Lake Basin, but it is also limited by the scattered living of farmers and the high cost of collecting and transporting domestic waste at the source. And this part of the cost is unbearable for local governments in economically underdeveloped regions. In order to reduce the cost of domestic sewage treatment and domestic garbage collection, on-site treatment of the domestic sewage of scattered farmers and the reduction of domestic waste at the source will greatly reduce the cost of rural domestic waste collection and treatment, and contribute to the construction of a new socialist countryside and a beautiful countryside. Provide technical support. Judging from the existing patent search, there are not many technologies for the resourceful treatment of distributed domestic waste. The patent (publication number CN102786139A) discloses an ecological treatment technology and reactor for rural domestic waste, which mainly includes a domestic waste treatment unit. , Sewage treatment unit and muddy water circulation unit. Firstly, a certain amount of activated sludge mud-water mixture is extracted from the sewage treatment unit and spread evenly on the surface of the old garbage, and then the domestic garbage after picking out inorganic substances such as stones is layered into the domestic garbage treatment unit, and the fresh garbage is under the action of microorganisms Rapid degradation, the liquid in the mud-water mixture and the leachate produced by the garbage body, through the collection pipes and domestic sewage, finally enter the domestic sewage treatment unit adjustment tank, and are treated up to the standard under the action of aerobic microorganisms. It can be seen that this patent deals with rural domestic waste through composting of domestic waste and discharge of domestic sewage up to standard. There is also no introduction on how to deal with it. The whole process consumes a lot of power without any output. It is a pure input technology.

Under the background that the country pays more and more attention to the comprehensive improvement of rural environment, the research and development of a set of rural domestic waste treatment technology with low investment, low operation management cost, simple and convenient operation, and suitable for the characteristics of rural scattered living should have a wide range of applications prospect.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a method to realize the reduction of the source of garbage and the anti-mixing of organic domestic garbage and domestic sewage in view of the characteristics of rural residents' residential and scattered distribution of domestic waste, difficulty in classification of domestic waste sources, and high cost of domestic sewage connection. A device and method for biogas production by oxygen fermentation and ecological purification of sewage.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following measures:

A decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device, which includes a waste pretreatment system, a sewage anaerobic fermentation tank and a sewage secondary treatment tank, wherein the waste pretreatment system includes a domestic garbage bin, a stirring system, an organic A garbage hydrolysis pool and an inorganic garbage storage pool, the organic garbage hydrolysis pool is located directly below the domestic garbage bin, the lower part of the domestic garbage bin communicates with the organic garbage hydrolysis pool, and the inorganic garbage storage pool is located at the bottom of the organic garbage One side of the hydrolysis tank, the domestic waste bin is provided with an inorganic waste opening on the side close to the inorganic waste storage pool, the stirring system is located inside the domestic waste bin or on the top of the organic waste hydrolysis pool, the stirring system The inorganic waste or organic waste residue in the organic waste hydrolysis tank can be transferred from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin to the inorganic waste storage pool by rotating; A water distribution system that feeds domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis tank, or the stirring system is provided with a domestic sewage water inlet that feeds domestic sewage, a domestic sewage circulation pipeline, and a domestic sewage that distributes domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis tank Water outlet; the bottom of the inorganic waste storage tank is provided with a sewage pipeline connected to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank, and the upper part of the organic waste hydrolysis tank is provided with a sewage pipeline connected to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank Flow or overflow pipeline; the top of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with an air outlet, and the upper part of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a sewage flow or overflow pipeline connected with the sewage secondary treatment tank.

The stirring system in the utility model can adopt the existing manual or automatic stirring system, in order to save power and adapt to the characteristics of rural areas, the manual stirring system can be used. In one technical solution, the stirring system includes a stirring plate, a support shaft, a large gear, a pinion, a chain and a handle, and the stirring plate is made of a steel pipe or a steel pipe and a support shaft as a support frame and a barbed wire as a main body. A plurality of stirring plates are separately distributed on the support shaft, the support shaft is arranged at the lower part of the domestic waste bin or the upper part of the organic waste hydrolysis tank, and the large gear is fixedly connected to one end of the support shaft, so The pinion is connected to the upper part of the garbage bin on the same side as the big gear, the big gear and the pinion are connected by a chain, and the handle is connected to the pinion so that the handle drives the chain by driving the pinion to rotate and then drives the big gear to rotate And finally drive the support shaft and the stirring plate to rotate.

The domestic sewage of the utility model can be introduced into the organic waste hydrolysis pool through the water distribution system or directly through the stirring system. In one solution, the support shaft of the mixing system is a hollow tubular structure, and a water distribution pipe is arranged inside the support shaft, and a plurality of sewage outlets of the water distribution pipe respectively pass through the support shaft wall to the outside of the support shaft, or are supported by The shaft is a water distribution pipe and a plurality of sewage water outlets are opened on the supporting shaft wall.

In order to facilitate the movement of inorganic waste or organic waste residues in the organic waste hydrolysis tank into the organic waste hydrolysis tank, in one scheme, the opening of the domestic waste bin for inorganic waste is higher than the connection between the inorganic waste storage tank and the organic waste hydrolysis tank, and the stirring system The width of the stirring plate is slightly smaller than the length between the supporting shaft of the stirring system and the opening of the inorganic waste, so that the inorganic waste or organic waste residue brought by the rotation of the stirring plate can slide from the opening of the inorganic waste into the storage pool of inorganic waste.

The organic waste hydrolysis tank can adopt existing devices or set it into various shapes through construction. In one technical solution, the bottom of the organic waste hydrolysis tank is in the shape of a semicircular groove that fits the stirring plate of the stirring system.

The inorganic waste storage pool can be provided with a cover plate on its upper part that does not affect the transfer of inorganic waste or organic waste residues from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin to the inorganic waste storage pool. When inorganic waste or organic waste residues are moved into the inorganic waste storage pool, due to the high moisture content of the waste, and a small amount of hydrolyzate will be brought in when the waste enters the inorganic waste storage pool, as an optimal solution, it can be placed in the inorganic waste storage pool. The bottom of the sewage filter layer is provided with a sewage filter layer; the sewage filter layer 8 includes a stone layer made of stones of different sizes at the top and a barbed wire mesh located at the bottom of the stone layer; the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank connected The sewage pipeline is arranged under the wire mesh of the sewage filter layer.

The sewage anaerobic fermentation tank in the utility model is the place where sewage undergoes anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. The connecting pipe end of the sewage secondary treatment tank is the sewage outlet end, and the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a baffle plate at the sewage inlet end and/or sewage outlet end to extend the water flow path and remove suspended solids or sediments; There is a packing layer in the oxygen fermentation tank, which is composed of gravel, crushed stone, Boer ring, bellows, honeycomb pipe, soft nylon fiber filter material, semi-soft polyethylene, polypropylene filter material, elastic polystyrene filter material, etc. Combination of one or more materials in the material.

The sewage secondary treatment pool in the utility model has a large height-to-diameter ratio, and a cover plate is provided on the top of the sewage secondary treatment pool, and an extended water flow path is provided at the sewage inlet end and/or sewage exit end of the sewage secondary treatment pool And can remove the baffle of suspended matter or sediment. Secondary sewage treatment tanks can be made of hard plastic barrels with a height-to-diameter ratio of 3-5. The mouth of the barrel is provided with a cover plate, which can be made of plastic, cement board, iron sheet, etc., in order to block rainwater from entering the secondary in the treatment pool.

The upper part of the sewage secondary treatment tank is provided with a drain or overflow, which communicates with the farmland irrigation canal, or communicates with the water inlet of the advanced sewage treatment system. The advanced sewage treatment system is mainly composed of aquatic plants, aquatic animals and algae. constitute. The sewage advanced treatment system is a sewage deep purification facility, which is only applicable in areas with abundant water in my country, such as the Taihu Lake Basin and the Pearl River Basin, and does not need this facility in the arid and water-scarce areas of the north. The system does not need to be built separately, and can be transformed in combination with the existing ditches and ponds in the countryside. A large number of aquatic plants are planted near the water bank of the ditches and ponds, and a small amount of grass carp, crucian carp, and snails are cultivated in the ponds. The effluent can be used for farmland irrigation or directly into surrounding rivers. The effluent water quality fully meets the discharge standard.

The waste pretreatment system, the sewage anaerobic fermentation system, the sewage secondary treatment pool, and the sewage advanced treatment system in the utility model are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, wherein the sewage is in the sewage anaerobic fermentation system, sewage secondary treatment pool, sewage The deep treatment system can overflow naturally through the height difference without external power.

In the present utility model: rural domestic waste refers to: domestic sewage and domestic garbage, domestic sewage here only refers to toilet flushing water, domestic garbage includes kitchen waste, melon peel and shell, plastic bags, waste paper, etc., organic waste The proportion is above 50%.

The utility model also includes a method of using the above-mentioned distributed rural domestic waste resource utilization device for rural domestic waste treatment: the domestic waste is thrown into the domestic waste bin from the side door of the dustbin, and then moved into the waste bin under the action of the stirring system Or directly fall into the organic waste hydrolysis tank, add domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis tank through the water distribution system or stirring system, and the organic waste in the domestic waste is fully mixed in the organic waste hydrolysis tank so that the organic components are hydrolyzed and dissolved into the hydrolyzate, The hydrolyzed inorganic waste or organic waste residue enters the inorganic waste storage pool from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin under the action of the stirring system, and then is taken out for landfill, and the hydrolyzed sewage in the organic waste hydrolysis pool enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank through the pipeline , a small amount of sewage in the inorganic waste storage tank enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank from the sewage pipeline at the bottom; the sewage undergoes anaerobic fermentation in the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank to produce biogas, and the produced biogas is discharged through the outlet of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank And use, the sewage after anaerobic fermentation is discharged to the sewage secondary treatment tank for further treatment. The height-to-diameter ratio of the sewage secondary treatment tank is between 3-5, and the sewage is treated anaerobically in the surface and middle and lower layers. The effluent from the secondary sewage treatment tank is used as irrigation water for farmland, or is further passed into the advanced sewage treatment system for advanced plant treatment.

In a preferred solution, the method for rural domestic waste treatment specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Household waste enters the organic waste hydrolysis tank from the side door of the garbage bin, and domestic sewage enters the organic waste hydrolysis pool evenly through the water distribution system, and is fully mixed with organic waste under the action of the stirring system to produce acid. After discarding domestic garbage into the garbage bin each time, immerse the discarded domestic garbage in the sewage with the aid of a stirring system to promote the hydrolysis and dissolution of organic components in the domestic garbage. After a period of hydrolysis treatment, most of the organic parts in the domestic garbage enter the hydrolysis process. In the liquid, the inorganic part enters the inorganic waste storage pool next to the organic waste hydrolysis pool with the stirring system, and then landfills;

(2) The effluent from the organic waste hydrolysis tank enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. The fermentation temperature is at room temperature. Fillers are added to the biogas tank to improve the sludge concentration and sewage treatment effect. There is a gas outlet on the top of the biogas tank. The collected biogas is purified and used as cooking fuel;

(3) The effluent from the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank enters the secondary sewage treatment tank for further treatment. The tank does not need to be sealed, and the top is equipped with a cover to prevent rainwater from entering. The middle and lower layer of oxygen is anaerobic, mainly for the purpose of settling suspended solids in sewage and reducing the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in sewage;

(4) The effluent from the secondary sewage treatment pool enters the sewage advanced treatment system for further treatment and is used as water for farmland irrigation. The advanced sewage treatment system is based on the existing ditches and ponds in rural areas. Canna, reeds, and calamus, which have strong adsorption and absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus, are planted in large quantities on the banks of ditches near the water. For algae such as Le algae, a small amount of crucian carp, grass carp, and snails can also be cultured in the ditches to improve the sewage purification capacity. In my country's water-scarce and arid areas, the effluent from the secondary sewage treatment pool can be directly used for farmland irrigation without the need for an advanced sewage treatment system. After advanced treatment, farmland can be reused or discharged to reduce the risk of non-point source pollution.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. The process is simple, the operability is strong, the project investment cost is low, and the equipment used can be moved, and the project construction period is short.

2. It has wide adaptability to raw materials, and can treat rural domestic garbage and domestic sewage at the same time, and domestic garbage does not need special sorting treatment.

3. The cost of operation, management and maintenance is low. Except that the mixing system requires a small amount of manpower, the entire treatment system does not require additional energy consumption. Domestic garbage and domestic sewage do not require manual intervention from entering the system to exiting the system. The system operation and maintenance is extremely convenient.

4. It is suitable for the treatment of rural domestic waste in decentralized residences. The waste water does not require additional power input from water inflow to outflow, and the operation is stable. The reduction rate of domestic waste after treatment is over 40%, which reduces the collection and transportation of domestic waste. It also reduces the cost of domestic sewage pipeline laying, construction and operation of treatment facilities, and the generated biogas can also be used for farmers' cooking, realizing the resource utilization of waste.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a plane layout diagram of a processing system of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a section view of a mixing system of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a waste pretreatment system of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Garbage bin side door, 2. Domestic garbage bin, 3. Domestic sewage water distribution system, 4. Organic waste hydrolysis pool, 5. Cover plate of inorganic waste storage pool, 6. Inorganic waste storage pool, 7. Inorganic waste , 8. Sewage filter layer, 9. Domestic sewage water inlet, 10. Big gear, 11. Pinion, 12. Stirring system, 13. Waste pretreatment system, 14. Between domestic waste hydrolysis tank and sewage anaerobic fermentation tank Overflow pipe, 15, sewage anaerobic fermentation tank, 16, air outlet, 17, sewage anaerobic fermentation tank baffle, 18, overflow pipe between sewage anaerobic fermentation tank and sewage secondary treatment tank, 19, sewage secondary treatment tank Treatment pool cover plate, 20, secondary sewage treatment pool baffle plate, 21, sewage secondary treatment pool, 22, overflow pipe between sewage secondary treatment pool and sewage advanced treatment system, 23, sewage advanced treatment system, 24, life Sewage outlet, 25, support shaft, 26, barbed wire, 27, steel pipe, 28, stirring plate, 29, handle, 30, chain.

Detailed ways

The accompanying drawings disclose the basic structure of the embodiment of the utility model without limitation, and the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment.

As shown in the figure, the distributed rural domestic waste resource utilization device of the present invention includes a waste pretreatment system 13, a sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15, a sewage secondary treatment tank 21, and various auxiliary pipelines. Wherein the waste pretreatment system 13 comprises domestic waste bin 2, stirring system 12, organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 and inorganic waste storage pool 6, and organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 is located at just below domestic waste bin 2, and the bottom of domestic waste bin 2 Communicate with the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, the inorganic waste storage pool 6 is located on one side of the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, the domestic garbage bin 2 is provided with an inorganic waste opening near the inorganic waste storage pool 6, and the stirring system is located at the Inside the domestic waste bin 2 or the top of the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, the stirring system 12 can transfer the inorganic waste or organic waste residue in the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin 2 to the inorganic waste by rotating. In the garbage storage pool 6; the bottom of the inorganic garbage storage pool 6 is provided with a sewage pipeline that is connected with the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15, and the top of the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 is provided with a sewage pipeline that is connected with the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15. Sewage flow or overflow pipeline; the top of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 is provided with an air outlet 16, and the top of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 is provided with a sewage flow or overflow pipe connected to the sewage secondary treatment tank 21 Road 18.

The waste pretreatment system 13 in the utility model is one of the cores of the treatment system. It integrates domestic waste collection, sorting, organic domestic waste and domestic sewage mixed hydrolysis, and domestic waste and domestic sewage are in the organic waste hydrolysis tank. 4 Under the action of the stirring system 12, the mixed hydrolysis and the sorting of organic waste and inorganic waste are realized. Most of the organic parts in domestic waste dissolve into the hydrolyzate, and the inorganic parts enter the inorganic waste storage pool under the action of the stirring system for landfill treatment. The waste pretreatment system 13 mainly includes a garbage bin 2, a mixing system 12, an organic garbage hydrolysis pool 4 and an inorganic garbage storage pool 6, wherein the organic garbage hydrolysis pool is located directly below the garbage bin 2, and the garbage bin 2 The bottom of the bottom communicates with the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, and the inorganic waste storage pool 6 is located on one side of the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, and the domestic garbage bin 2 is provided with an inorganic waste opening near the inorganic waste storage pool 6 side. A side door 1 is arranged on one side of the dustbin, and domestic waste enters the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 from the side door 1 . Household refuse bin 2 has no bottom, is provided with organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 under it, and the area of organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 can be greater than the bottom of house refuse bin 2, also can be less than the bottom of house refuse bin 2, as long as house refuse can be successfully removed from Household garbage bin 2 is moved into organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, and inorganic waste or organic waste residue can be moved into inorganic waste storage pool 6 from organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 by stirring system 12. In a preferred solution, the upper part of the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 matches the bottom of the domestic waste bin 2, so as to save space and facilitate the arrangement of various devices. The organic waste hydrolysis pond 4 can adopt existing devices or be arranged in various shapes through construction. In one technical solution, the bottom of the organic waste hydrolysis tank is in the shape of a semicircular groove that fits the stirring plate of the stirring system.

The main function of the domestic waste container 2 in this system is to shelter the rain for the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 and the stirring system 12, and reduce flies and insects. Fully considering the aesthetics, it is designed into various shapes to realize the movement of the garbage can and reduce the construction cost. The mixing system 12 and the organic garbage hydrolysis pool 4 are located directly below the garbage box 2, and the inorganic garbage storage pool 6 is located next to the garbage box 2.

The stirring system 12 can be arranged inside the garbage bin 2 or inside the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 (for example, the upper part of the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 ). The stirring system 12 can stir the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, and make the domestic waste smoothly move into the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 from the domestic waste bin 2, and can also rotate the inorganic waste or organic waste in the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 The garbage residue is transferred from the inorganic garbage opening of the domestic garbage bin 2 to the inorganic garbage storage pool 6; the mixing system in the utility model can adopt the existing manual or automatic mixing system, in order to save power and adapt to the characteristics of rural areas , a manual mixing system can be used.

In one technical solution, the stirring system 12 includes a stirring plate 28, a support shaft 25, a large gear 10, a pinion 11, a chain 30 and a handle 29, and the stirring plate 28 is supported by a steel pipe 27 or by a steel pipe 27 and a support shaft 25 Frame and made with barbed wire 26 as the main body, a plurality of stirring plates 28 are distributed on the support shaft 25 in single intervals, and the support shaft 25 is arranged on the bottom of the domestic waste bin 2 or the top of the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4, and the large gear 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the support shaft 25, the pinion 11 is connected to the top of the household waste bin 2, the bull gear 10 and the pinion 11 are connected by a chain 30, and the handle 29 is connected to the pinion 11 so that the handle 29 can drive the pinion 11 rotates to drive the chain 30 and then drives the large gear 10 to rotate and finally drives the support shaft 25 and the stirring plate 28 to rotate.

When the above-mentioned mixing system 12 is in use, after throwing domestic garbage from the garbage bin side door 1 to the garbage bin 2, the handle 29 can be manually rotated for 1-2 turns (depending on the amount of garbage), and the handle drives the pinion 11 to rotate, and the pinion 11 Drive the large gear 10 to rotate through the chain 30, the large gear 10 drives the support shaft 25 to rotate, the stirring plate 28 on the support shaft 25 rotates with the support shaft 25, and the stirring plate drives the domestic waste in the organic waste hydrolysis tank to pass through the garbage bin side door 1 The side is transferred to one side of the inorganic waste storage pool 6, and the residue and the inorganic waste after the hydrolysis of the organic waste slide down to the inorganic waste storage pool 6 with the stirring plate 28. Furthermore, the stirring plate made of steel pipe and barbed wire, wherein the wire mesh has an aperture of 5-10mm, the steel pipe is in contact with the wall of the organic waste hydrolysis tank, and the domestic waste gradually moves from the feed port to the discharge port along with the stirring plate, and the domestic waste The small particle organic matter in the water, such as rice, soup, etc., directly enters the hydrolyzate through the wire mesh, and the large particle organic matter is immersed in the hydrolyzate under the action of the stirring plate 28. Rotate into the inorganic waste storage pool 6 next to the organic waste hydrolysis pool. Since the edge of the inorganic waste storage pool and the contact surface of the stirring plate have a certain inclination, when the stirring plate is turned to the connection between the inorganic waste storage pool and the organic waste hydrolysis pool, the decomposed residue of organic waste and inorganic waste will slide down along the stirring plate to the inorganic waste storage tank. Inside pool 6. Stirrer plate 28 is fixed on the support shaft 25, and rotates with support shaft 25 rotations, and support shaft 25 side is equipped with a large gear 10, and a pinion 11 and handle 29 are set at the side wall of the adjacent dustbin, pinion 11 and large The gear 10 is connected by a chain 30, and a handle 29 is provided on the pinion 11. The handle 29 drives the pinion 11 to rotate, and the handle 29 is the power source for the entire stirring system 12 to rotate. After pouring the rubbish into the dustbin at every turn, the handle 29 is manually turned 1-2 circles (determined according to the amount of rubbish), and the purpose is to immerse the newly added rubbish in the hydrolyzed solution.

The inorganic garbage opening of the domestic garbage bin 2 in this device makes the inorganic garbage or organic garbage residues in the organic garbage hydrolysis pool 4 move into the inorganic garbage storage pool 6, so the inorganic garbage opening is generally located at the bottom of the domestic garbage bin. In a preferred solution , the position of the opening of the inorganic waste is higher than the junction of the inorganic waste storage pool 6 and the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, causing the stirring plate 28 to rotate to the junction of the organic waste hydrolysis pool 4 and the inorganic waste storage pool 6 to form an inclination. Slip to the inorganic waste storage pool 6 with the stirring plate 28. In addition, the width of the stirring plate of the stirring system 12 is slightly less than the length between the support shaft 25 of the stirring system and the opening of the inorganic waste so that the inorganic waste or organic waste residue brought by the stirring plate rotation can slide from the opening of the inorganic waste to Inorganic garbage storage pool 6.

In this device, a water distribution system that feeds domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 can be provided inside the domestic garbage bin 2 or on the top of the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4, or a domestic sewage system that feeds domestic sewage can be provided on the stirring system. The water inlet 9, the domestic sewage circulation pipeline and the domestic sewage outlet 17 for distributing domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4. A specific solution is: the domestic sewage water distribution system 23 is composed of a domestic sewage inlet pipe and a water distribution pipe. The domestic sewage enters the water distribution pipe arranged inside the support shaft 24 from the water inlet 9 through the pipe, and several sewage outlets 24 are arranged on the water distribution pipe. , domestic sewage enters the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 from the sewage outlet 24. The inner diameter of the sewage water outlet 24 is 2-5mm, and the domestic sewage enters the organic waste hydrolysis tank from the top of the organic waste hydrolysis tank through the water outlet, so as to wash the stirring plate and mix more evenly with the domestic waste, and the whole water distribution system does not need external in power. Another specific solution is: the support shaft 25 of the mixing system 12 is a hollow tubular structure, and a water distribution pipe is arranged inside the support shaft 25, and a plurality of sewage outlets of the water distribution pipe pass through the support shaft wall to the support shaft 25 respectively. The outside, or take the support shaft 25 as the water distribution pipe and have a plurality of sewage outlets on the support shaft wall.

The organic waste hydrolysis pond 4 can adopt existing devices or be arranged in various shapes through construction. In one solution, the bottom of the organic waste hydrolysis tank is in the shape of a semicircular groove that fits the stirring plate of the stirring system. The top of the inorganic waste storage pool 6 can be provided with a cover plate, which does not affect the transfer of inorganic waste or organic waste residues from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin 2 to the inorganic waste storage pool 6, and the cover plate can prevent Rain and flies. The cover plate can be made of hard plastic, cement board or iron sheet, and it can be moved to facilitate the cleaning of inorganic garbage in the pool.

Because generally speaking, the moisture content of the garbage that enters the inorganic garbage storage pool 6 after being sorted by the stirring system is relatively high, and a small amount of sewage is brought in when the inorganic garbage enters the inorganic garbage storage pool 6, so in a preferred scheme, in Sewage filter layer 8 is arranged at the bottom of inorganic garbage storage pool 6 to separate inorganic garbage from sewage. The barbed wire at the lower part of the rock layer, wherein the barbed wire has an aperture of 3-5mm, mainly plays the role of separating inorganic solid waste and sewage. A sewage outlet is set at the bottom of the inorganic waste storage pool 6, and is connected to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 through a pipeline. The solid inorganic waste above the sewage filter layer 8 is landfilled after manual removal.

The domestic garbage in the utility model enters the waste pretreatment system 13 from the garbage bin 2. Under the action of the stirring system 12, the organic waste is hydrolyzed and dissolved in the domestic sewage and enters the hydrolyzate, and the inorganic waste and organic waste residues are in the stirring system 12. Down into the inorganic waste storage tank 6, the hydrolyzate in the organic waste hydrolysis tank enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 through the overflow pipe 14 between the domestic waste hydrolysis tank and the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank. The top of the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 can be provided with an overflow pipeline 14 leading to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15, so that the sewage hydrolyzate in the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 by overflowing to carry out anaerobic fermentation. Fermentation produces biogas. The end of the connecting pipeline between the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 and the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 is the sewage inlet, and the connecting pipeline between the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 and the sewage secondary treatment tank 14 is the sewage outlet. In a preferred solution, the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 is provided with baffles at the sewage inlet and/or sewage outlet for the purpose of extending the water flow path and removing suspended solids and sediments. In the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15, a filler layer can be further provided to increase the concentration of anaerobic microorganisms in the tank, thereby improving the impact resistance of the treatment tank and the sewage treatment effect. Tube, honeycomb tube, soft nylon fiber filter material, semi-soft polyethylene, polypropylene filter material, and elastic polystyrene filter material are composed of one or more materials. A gas outlet 16 is arranged on the top of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15, and the biogas produced is discharged from the gas outlet 16 and used as cooking fuel after being collected and purified.

The outlet end of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 can send the sewage after the anaerobic fermentation treatment to the sewage secondary treatment tank 21 for treatment through the overflow port or overflow pipe provided on its upper part. The sewage secondary treatment pool 21 has a large height-to-diameter ratio, for example, the height-to-diameter ratio is 3-5:1. The top of the sewage secondary treatment tank 21 is provided with a cover plate, which can be made of plastic, cement board, iron sheet, etc., and the purpose is to block rainwater from entering the secondary treatment tank and reduce the breeding of flies. A baffle plate 20 that extends the water flow path and removes suspended solids or sediments is provided at the sewage inlet end and/or the sewage outlet end of the sewage secondary treatment pool 21 . The sewage secondary treatment pool 21 adopts an unsealed method, and the sewage in it undergoes anaerobic reaction in the surface and middle and lower layers, mainly for the purpose of settling suspended solids in sewage and reducing the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in sewage. The effluent from the secondary sewage treatment tank 21 has basically met the requirements for farmland irrigation, but it has not yet reached the discharge standard for surface water.

The upper part of the sewage secondary treatment pool 21 is provided with a drain or an overflow, which communicates with the farmland irrigation canal, or communicates with the water inlet of the advanced sewage treatment system 23, and the advanced sewage treatment system 23 is mainly composed of aquatic plants, Aquatic animals and algae composition. The effluent from the sewage secondary treatment tank 21 enters the sewage advanced treatment system 23 for further treatment and can also be used as water for farmland irrigation. The sewage advanced treatment system 23 is a sewage advanced purification facility. This system does not need to be constructed separately. It can be transformed from the existing ditches and ponds in the countryside. A large number of cannas, reeds, and yellow calamus are planted on the banks of the ditches near the water. Plants with strong adsorption and absorption capacity, algae such as Elodea are planted at the bottom of the ditch, and a small amount of crucian carp, grass carp, snails, etc. can be cultivated in the ditch to improve the sewage purification capacity. The effluent can be used for farmland irrigation or directly into the surrounding rivers. to represent emission standards. In my country's water-scarce and arid areas, the effluent from the secondary sewage treatment pool can be directly used for farmland irrigation without the need for an advanced sewage treatment system. After advanced treatment, farmland can be reused or discharged to reduce the risk of non-point source pollution.

In this embodiment, the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4, the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15, the sewage secondary treatment tank 21 and the sewage advanced treatment system 23 are all connected by overflow pipes, and the sewage flows between the treatment facilities without external power. The entire system requires no additional power consumption.

In order to reduce the damage of infrastructure to the rural land structure and fully consider the mobility, standardization, modularization of treatment facilities, and reduce project construction costs, the domestic garbage bin 2, organic waste hydrolysis pool 4, inorganic waste storage pool 6, The sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 and the sewage secondary treatment tank 21 all adopt commercially available or customized complete sets of equipment, without infrastructure and solidification treatment. Among them, the inorganic waste storage tank 6 and the organic waste hydrolysis tank 4 can be made of hard plastic or iron sheet etc., the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank 15 adopts commercially available enamel tanks, glass fiber reinforced plastic tanks, soft film tanks, thermoplastic composite material tanks, etc., and the equipment used is all industrially standardized production, and only needs to be excavated for installation without any infrastructure projects . The rural domestic waste mentioned in the utility model refers to: domestic sewage and domestic garbage. The domestic sewage here only refers to toilet flushing water, and domestic garbage includes kitchen waste, melon peel and shell, plastic bags, waste paper, etc., organic The garbage ratio is above 50%.

When the device is in operation, it specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Household waste enters the organic waste hydrolysis tank from the side door of the garbage bin, and domestic sewage enters the organic waste hydrolysis pool evenly through the water distribution system, and is fully mixed with organic waste under the action of the stirring system to produce acid. After discarding domestic garbage into the garbage bin each time, immerse the discarded domestic garbage in the sewage with the aid of a stirring system to promote the hydrolysis and dissolution of organic components in the domestic garbage. After a period of hydrolysis treatment, most of the organic parts in the domestic garbage enter the hydrolysis process. In the liquid, the inorganic part enters the inorganic waste storage pool next to the organic waste hydrolysis pool with the stirring system, and then landfills;

(2) The effluent from the organic waste hydrolysis tank enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. The fermentation temperature is at room temperature. Fillers are added to the biogas tank to improve the sludge concentration and sewage treatment effect. There is a gas outlet on the top of the biogas tank. The collected biogas is purified and used as cooking fuel;

(3) The effluent from the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank enters the secondary sewage treatment tank for further treatment. The tank does not need to be sealed, and the top is equipped with a cover to prevent rainwater from entering. The middle and lower layer of oxygen is anaerobic, mainly for the purpose of settling suspended solids in sewage and reducing the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in sewage;

(4) The effluent from the secondary sewage treatment pool enters the sewage advanced treatment system for further treatment and is used as water for farmland irrigation.

The beneficial effect of the utility model will be further elaborated below through the embodiments on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment equipment.

Example 1:

This embodiment consists of organic waste hydrolysis tank, sewage anaerobic fermentation tank, sewage secondary treatment tank and sewage advanced treatment tank, wherein, the effective volume of organic waste hydrolysis tank is 1.5m ³ , and the effective volume of sewage anaerobic fermentation tank is 2m ³ , the effective volume of the sewage secondary treatment pool is 3m ³ (3m×1m×1m), the effective volume of the sewage advanced treatment pool is 15m ³ (5m×2m×1.5m), add domestic garbage and domestic sewage to the organic waste hydrolysis pool every day, The effluent from the organic waste hydrolysis tank enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, the effluent from the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank enters the secondary sewage treatment tank for further treatment, and the effluent from the secondary sewage treatment tank enters the advanced sewage treatment tank for advanced treatment before discharge. Put 1/3 of the total volume of gravel in the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank. The purpose is to attach anaerobic microorganisms and increase the concentration of anaerobic microorganisms in the system. When the experiment starts, add anaerobic sludge and water to the tank at one time. 1m ³ each; 1m ³ of anaerobic sludge and 2m ³ of water are added to the sewage secondary treatment pool at one time; the sewage deep purification pool is transformed from the existing ditches in rural areas, 10m long, 2m wide, and 1.5m deep. A large number of reeds, cannas and yellow calamus are planted on both sides, the planting density is 5 plants/m ² , a small amount of screws are artificially placed in the pond, and the stocking density of crucian carp is 6 fish/m ³ . Throw 10kg of domestic garbage and domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis tank every day 100L, the organic part of domestic waste and domestic sewage are mixed and hydrolyzed to produce acid under the action of the stirring system in the organic waste hydrolysis tank, and the same amount of hydrolyzate enters the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, and anaerobic fermentation is normal temperature fermentation . The residence time of domestic waste in the organic waste hydrolysis tank is 10 days, the residence time of domestic sewage in the organic waste hydrolysis tank is 13 days, the residence time of sewage in the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank is 20 days, and the residence time in the sewage secondary treatment tank is 30 days , The residence time in the sewage advanced treatment tank is longer, up to 150 days. In this example, the water quality was not sampled in the first 30 days, and only the gas production and methane content of the anaerobic fermentation tank were measured. After 30 days, the organic waste hydrolysis tank, sewage anaerobic fermentation tank, sewage secondary treatment tank and sewage depth Sampling of the effluent from the treatment pond was carried out to measure the COD, TN, TP and ammonia nitrogen content of the water quality. This embodiment is carried out from June to September, and the average room temperature is above 25°C, which ensures the normal progress of the anaerobic fermentation process of sewage.

The total operating time of the system in this example is 122 days. During the experiment, the COD concentration of the effluent from the organic waste hydrolysis tank fluctuated between 6000 and 8000 mg/L; the COD concentration of the effluent from the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank was between 1000 and 1500 mg/L. The COD removal rate of the secondary sewage treatment tank fluctuates between 250 and 350 mg/L, and the COD removal rate is above 60%, basically meeting the water quality requirements for farmland irrigation; the sewage deep purification tank The concentration of COD in the effluent fluctuates between 40-55 mg/L, the contents of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are 5-7mg/L, 15-18mg/L and 0.6-0.8mg/L respectively, and the effluent reaches the pollution of urban sewage treatment plants Class B standard for pollutant emission (GB18918-2002). After the domestic waste is treated by the domestic waste hydrolysis tank, the dry matter mass reduction rate reaches more than 40% (the content of peels in the summer waste is relatively high), and the reduction effect is obvious. After the device was started, the daily gas production of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank gradually increased, and after 30 days it stabilized at 0.18-0.28m ³ , and the methane content stabilized at 50%-55%. The water quality has reached the first class B standard for pollutant discharge of urban sewage treatment plants (GB18918-2002), fully meeting the requirements for farmland irrigation. In engineering, using this device, no external power is needed from the domestic sewage inflow to the discharge after sewage purification, and all of them are self-flowing through the elevation difference set by the reactor. Domestic waste only needs a small amount of manpower each time from feeding to inorganic waste discharge, which is extremely large. It facilitates the follow-up operation management and greatly reduces the system operation cost.

Claims (9)

1. A decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device, characterized in that it includes a waste pretreatment system (13), a sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) and a sewage secondary treatment tank (21), wherein the waste The waste pretreatment system (13) includes a domestic waste bin (2), a stirring system (12), an organic waste hydrolysis pool (4) and an inorganic waste storage pool (6), and the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4) is located in the Directly below the domestic waste bin (2), the lower part of the domestic waste bin (2) communicates with the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4), and the inorganic waste storage pool (6) is located in one of the organic waste hydrolysis pools (4). On the side, the domestic waste bin (2) is provided with an inorganic waste opening on the side close to the inorganic waste storage pool (6), and the stirring system is set inside the domestic waste bin (2) or in the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4 ), the stirring system can transfer the inorganic waste or organic waste residue in the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4) from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin (2) to the inorganic waste storage pool (6) by rotating ); inside the domestic waste bin (2) or on the top of the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4), there is a water distribution system that feeds domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4), or the stirring system is equipped with There is a domestic sewage water inlet (9) leading to domestic sewage, a domestic sewage circulation pipeline and a domestic sewage water outlet (24) for distributing domestic sewage into the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4); the inorganic waste storage pool (6) The bottom of the tank is provided with a sewage pipeline connected to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (11), and the upper part of the organic waste hydrolysis tank (4) is provided with a sewage pipeline connected to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15). flow or overflow pipeline; the top of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) is provided with an air outlet (16), and the upper part of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) is provided with the sewage secondary treatment tank (21) connected sewage flow or overflow pipeline (18). 2. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring system (12) includes a stirring plate (26), a support shaft (25), a large gear (10), a small Gears (11), chains (30) and handles (29), the stirring plate (28) uses steel pipes (27) or steel pipes (27) and support shafts (25) as support frames and barbed wire (26) as made of the main body, a plurality of stirring plates (28) are distributed on the support shaft (25) in separate compartments, and the support shaft (25) is set at the lower part of the domestic waste bin (2) or the organic waste hydrolysis pool ( 4), the large gear (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the support shaft (25), and the small gear (11) is connected to the upper part of the garbage bin (2) on the same side as the large gear (10) , the large gear (10) and the pinion (11) are connected by a chain (30), the handle (29) is connected to the pinion (11) so that the handle (29) is driven by the rotation of the drive pinion (11) The chain (30) further drives the large gear (10) to rotate and finally drives the support shaft (25) and the stirring plate (28) to rotate. 3. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening position of the inorganic waste in the domestic waste bin is higher than the inorganic waste storage pool (6) and the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4) The width of the stirring plate (28) of the stirring system (12) is slightly smaller than the length between the support shaft (25) of the stirring system (12) and the opening of the inorganic waste so that the stirring plate rotates to bring up the inorganic waste Or organic waste residues can slide into the inorganic waste storage pool (6) from the inorganic waste opening. 4. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support shaft (25) of the stirring system (12) is a hollow tubular structure, and the support shaft (25) ) is equipped with a water distribution pipe, and the multiple sewage outlets of the water distribution pipe pass through the support shaft wall to the outside of the support shaft (25), or the support shaft (25) is used as the water distribution pipe and a plurality of outlets are opened on the support shaft wall. Sewage outlet. 5. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom of the organic waste hydrolysis pool (4) is in the shape of a semicircular groove that fits the stirring plate of the stirring system; The upper part of the inorganic waste storage pool (6) is provided with a cover plate (5) that does not affect the transfer of inorganic waste or organic waste residues from the inorganic waste opening of the domestic waste bin (2) to the inorganic waste storage pool (6). 6. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sewage filter layer (8) is provided at the bottom of the inorganic waste storage pool (6); the sewage filter layer ( 8) It includes a stone layer composed of stones of different sizes in the upper part and a barbed wire mesh set in the lower part of the stone layer; the sewage pipeline connected to the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) is set in the sewage filter layer (8) below the wire fence. 7. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper connecting pipe end between the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) and the organic waste hydrolysis tank (4) is The sewage inlet end, the connecting pipe end of the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) and the sewage secondary treatment tank (21) is the sewage outlet end, and the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15) is at the sewage inlet end and/or sewage outlet A baffle (17) is provided at the end to extend the water flow path and remove suspended solids or sediments; a packing layer is provided in the sewage anaerobic fermentation tank (15), and the packing layer is composed of gravel, crushed stone, Boer ring, corrugated Tube, honeycomb tube, soft nylon fiber filter material, semi-soft polyethylene, polypropylene filter material, and elastic polystyrene filter material are composed of one or more materials. 8. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary sewage treatment pool (21) has a large height-to-diameter ratio, and the sewage secondary treatment pool (21) A cover plate is provided on the top of the sewage secondary treatment tank (21), and a baffle plate (20) that extends the water flow path and can remove suspended solids or sediments is provided at the sewage inlet end and/or sewage outlet end of the sewage secondary treatment tank (21). 9. The decentralized rural domestic waste resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a drain or overflow port (22) is provided on the upper part of the secondary sewage treatment pool (21), It communicates with the farmland irrigation canal, or communicates with the water inlet of the advanced sewage treatment system (23), and the advanced sewage treatment system (23) is mainly composed of aquatic plants, aquatic animals and algae.