CN101904264A - Method for cultivating millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land - Google Patents
Method for cultivating millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land Download PDFInfo
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- CN101904264A CN101904264A CN 201010233665 CN201010233665A CN101904264A CN 101904264 A CN101904264 A CN 101904264A CN 201010233665 CN201010233665 CN 201010233665 CN 201010233665 A CN201010233665 A CN 201010233665A CN 101904264 A CN101904264 A CN 101904264A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land and relates to a method for cultivating the millets. The method solves the problems of low yield and poor benefit of the conventional method for cultivating the millets in the saline-alkali land. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, performing stubble cleaning, autumn ploughing, autumn rigding and organic fertilizer application on the light saline-alkali land sequentially; 2, performing seeding in a mode of ditching on the ridge with water technology and wide lines; and 3, after the seedlings of the millets come up out of the ground, shoveling the land and intertilling, shoveling the land and shallow-ploughing and performing final singling of the seedlings sequentially; shoveling the land and performing deep-ploughing and folding after the completion of tillering of millets; during the jointing period of the millets, performing top application and cultivating the soil by fording deeply; during the grouting period of the millets, irrigating for one time; and harvesting the millets after the millets are ripe. The average yield per hectare of the millets cultivated in the saline-alkali land by the technical scheme reaches 4,500 kg; and compared with those of the conventional production land, the yield is increased by 47.7 to 51.0 percent and the income is increased by 5,820 to 6,220 yuan. The method can be used for cultivating the millets in the light saline-alkali cultivated land.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the millet cultivation method.
Background technology
The millet formal name used at school is a grain, is called millet after the shelling.It has abundant nutrition, protein content 11.2%～13.4%, fat content is 4.5% all to be higher than rice, flour.In addition, also contain 8 seed amino acids and the eurythmy of needed by human, vitamin content is also abundanter, and coarse-fibred content is minimum in several staple food crops.According to the Shennong's Herbal record, millet has foster kidney qi, removes stomach energy, the effects such as (diabetes), diuresis of only quenching one's thirst.
The millet crop has drought resisting, characteristics such as barren-resistant, occupies an important position in the agricultural in arid, semiarid low producing region always.The semiarid monsoon climatic region in temperate zone in the western genus of China's song-Nen plain, but this area also is one of soda salination soil areal concentration, the most of pH value of soil is 7.8～8.2, wherein salt and alkali component has influenced the growth of millet.The developing direction that " the salt alkaline stress is to the influence of millet economical character and output " that Tian Baihong in 2009 delivers in " Hebei agricultural science " proposed salt tolerant alkali millet is that Seedling Salt-tolerance is strong, the millet variety that single plant yield is high.At present, anti-salt bases millet variety is less, makes area, saline land millet output lower, has limited the development of millet.For this reason, cultivate and introduce a fine variety drought-resistant salt tolerant alkali crop varieties and implement high-yield culture technique, to this area adjust crop mix, development grain-production, to improve farmers' income significant.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve that saline land plantation millet yields poorly, problem of poor benefits, and a kind of cultivation method of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land is provided.
The cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land of the present invention carries out according to the following steps: one, to light saline and alkaline arable land carry out successively that stubble-cleaning, autumn turn over, autumn ridging and organic fertilizer handle; Two, spring, stable during by 10 ℃ when the seeding layer soil temperature, ditching on the ridge with combined seed and fertilizer drill applies fertilizer to the subsoil, and the degree of depth that applies fertilizer to the subsoil is 10cm～12cm, returns the soil that native cladding thickness is 5cm～7cm then; Base fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate compound fertilizer, and wherein the fertilizing amount of diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate is respectively 103kg/hm
2～108kg/hm
2, 58kg/hm
2～62kg/hm
2And 58kg/hm
2～62kg/hm
2Three, watering in ditch, after treating to sink under water, is 5kg/hm by seeding quantity
2～6kg/hm
2To resist the wide row of saline and alkaline millet seed to broadcast in the ditch, be the soil of 2.5cm～3.5cm coated with thickness, suppresses to 1.5cm～2cm; When four, treating that millet comes up 1 leaf, 1 core, the intertillage of shovel ground once; When the millet seedling grows to 3 leaves, 1 core, shovel ground, thinning, final singling, carry out shallow time then and handle; When millet is finished tillering stage, close up for dark time behind the shovel ground; The millet shooting stage, the dark time ridging in back of topdressing; The millet pustulation period, irrigate once, gather in after the millet maturation.
The present invention is technical measures such as the trench digging hole irrigation for seeding is planted, set reasonable planting density, applies fertilizers scientifically, irrigation by utilizing on anti-saline and alkaline millet variety, the ridge, on light saline and alkaline arable land, improve millet output, trench digging is sat the water upper seeding on the ridge, millet can in time be emerged in the saline land of arid, guarantee emergence rate, because bed-irrigating sowing has guaranteed soil moisture, add upper seeding, emerge soon and effectively prevented windburn.Adopt the millet of method of the present invention in the saline land plantation, average yield reaches 4500kg/ hectare～4600kg/ hectare, and the average yield in conventional production field is the 3045kg/ hectare, method of the present invention is than conventional production field volume increase 47.8%～51.0%, per hectare increases millet 1455kg～1555kg, increases income 5820 yuan～6220 yuan.Method of the present invention makes the output height, profitable of millet.
Embodiment:
Embodiment one: the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land of present embodiment carries out according to the following steps: one, to light saline and alkaline arable land carry out successively that stubble-cleaning, autumn turn over, autumn ridging and organic fertilizer handle; Two, begin sowing spring when the seeding layer soil temperature is stablized by 10 ℃, ditching on the ridge with combined seed and fertilizer drill applies fertilizer to the subsoil, and the degree of depth that applies fertilizer to the subsoil is 10cm～12cm, returns the soil that native cladding thickness is 5cm～7cm then; Base fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate compound fertilizer, and wherein the fertilizing amount of diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate is respectively 103kg/hm
2～108kg/hm
2, 58kg/hm
2～62kg/hm
2And 58kg/hm
2～62kg/hm
2Three, watering in ditch, after treating to sink under water, is 5kg/hm by seeding quantity
2～6kg/hm
2To resist the wide row of saline and alkaline millet seed to broadcast in the ditch, be the soil of 2.5cm～3.5cm coated with thickness, suppresses to 1.5cm～2cm; When four, treating that millet comes up 1 leaf, 1 core, the intertillage of shovel ground once; When the millet seedling grows to 3 leaves, 1 core, shovel ground, thinning, final singling, carry out shallow time then and handle; When millet is finished tillering stage, close up for dark time behind the shovel ground; The millet shooting stage, the dark time ridging in back of topdressing; The millet pustulation period, irrigate once, gather in after the millet maturation.
The present embodiment utilization resists on saline and alkaline millet variety, the ridge technical measures such as the trench digging hole irrigation for seeding is planted, set reasonable planting density, applies fertilizers scientifically, irrigation, on light saline and alkaline arable land, improve millet output, adopt the millet of the method for present embodiment in the saline land plantation, average yield reaches 4500kg/ hectare～4600kg/ hectare, and the average yield in conventional production field is the 3045kg/ hectare, method of the present invention is than conventional production field volume increase 47.8%～51.0%, per hectare increases millet 1455kg～1555kg, increases income 5820 yuan～6220 yuan.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is: the light saline and alkaline arable land described in the step 1 is meant that pH in soil is 7.8～8.2 arable land.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment was different with embodiment one or two is: the described light saline and alkaline arable land in the step 1 is meant that pH in soil is 8.0 arable land.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to three is: the ridging width of the autumn ridging described in the step 1 is 63cm～70cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to four is: the ridging width of the autumn ridging described in the step 1 is 65cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to five is: the amount of application of the fertilizer described in the step 1 is 28t/hm
2～32t/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
T represents ton in the present embodiment.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to six is: the amount of application of the fertilizer described in the step 1 is 30t/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to seven is: the degree of depth that applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the step 2 is 10.5cm～11.5cm, returns the soil that native cladding thickness is 5.5cm～6.5cm then.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to eight is: the degree of depth that applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the step 2 is 11.0cm, returns the soil that native cladding thickness is 6.0cm then.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to nine is: the base fertilizer described in the step 2 is diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate compound fertilizer, and wherein the fertilizing amount of diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate is respectively 104kg/hm
2～107kg/hm
2, 59kg/hm
2～61kg/hm
2And 59kg/hm
2～61kg/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to nine.
Embodiment 11: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to ten is: the fertilizing amount of base fertilizer diammonium phosphate, urea and the potassium sulphate described in the step 2 is respectively 105kg/hm
2, 60kg/hm
2And 60kg/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to ten.
Embodiment 12: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 11 is: the anti-saline and alkaline millet seed variety described in the step 3 is long-lived fragrant paddy.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 11.
Embodiment 13: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 12 is: the seeding quantity described in the step 3 is 5.2kg/hm
2～5.8kg/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 12.
Embodiment 14: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 13 is: the seeding quantity described in the step 3 is 5.5kg/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 13.
Embodiment 15: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 14 is: the wide row sowing described in the step 3 is meant that the sowing fabric width is 6cm～10cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 14.
Embodiment 16: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 15 is: the wide row sowing described in the step 3 is meant that the sowing fabric width is 8cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 15.
Embodiment 17: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 16 is: the thickness of earth covering described in the step 3 is 2.7cm～3.3cm, suppresses to 1.6cm～1.9cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 16.
Embodiment 18: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 17 is: the thickness of earth covering described in the step 3 is 3.0cm, suppresses to 1.8cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 17.
Embodiment 19: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 18 is: the ridge was high after shallow time described in the step 4 was meant time is 16cm～18cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 18.
Embodiment 20: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 19 is: the ridge was high after shallow time described in the step 4 was meant time is 17cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 19.
Embodiment 21: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 20 is: the final singling described in the step 4 is meant that the millet spacing in the rows is 8cm～11cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 20.
Embodiment 22: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 21 is: the final singling described in the step 4 is meant that the millet spacing in the rows is 10cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 21.
Embodiment 23: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 22 is: the ridge was high after dark time described in the step 4 was meant time is 19cm～22cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 22.
Embodiment 20: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 19 is: the ridge was high after dark time described in the step 4 was meant time is 21cm.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 19.
Embodiment 21: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 20 is: topdressing to executing urea described in the step 4, amount of application is 112kg/hm
2～118kg/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 20.
Embodiment 22: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to 21 is: topdressing to executing urea described in the step 4, amount of application is 115kg/hm
2Other is identical with one of embodiment one to 21.
Embodiment 23: the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land of present embodiment carries out according to the following steps: one, to light saline and alkaline arable land carry out successively that stubble-cleaning, autumn turn over, autumn ridging and organic fertilizer handle; Two, begin sowing spring when the seeding layer soil temperature is stablized by 10 ℃, ditching on the ridge with combined seed and fertilizer drill applies fertilizer to the subsoil, and the degree of depth that applies fertilizer to the subsoil is 11cm, returns the soil that native cladding thickness is 6cm then; Base fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate compound fertilizer, and wherein the fertilizing amount of diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate is respectively 105kg/hm
2, 60kg/hm
2And 60kg/hm
2Three, watering in ditch, after treating to sink under water, is 6kg/hm by seeding quantity
2To resist the wide row of saline and alkaline millet seed to broadcast in the ditch, be the soil of 3.0cm coated with thickness, suppresses to 1.5cm; When four, treating that millet comes up 1 leaf, 1 core, the intertillage of shovel ground once; When the millet seedling grows to 3 leaves, 1 core, shovel ground, thinning, final singling, carry out shallow time then and handle; When millet is finished tillering stage, close up for dark time behind the shovel ground; The millet shooting stage, the dark time ridging in back of topdressing; The millet pustulation period, irrigate once, gather in after the millet maturation.
Light saline and alkaline arable land in the present embodiment described in the step 1 is light saline land, Western Heilongjiang Province grand celebration demonstration area, and its pH in soil is 8.1; The ridging width of the autumn ridging described in the step 1 is 65cm; The amount of application of the fertilizer described in the step 1 is 30t/hm
2Millet variety described in the step 1 is long-lived fragrant paddy; Wide row seeding described in the step 3 is meant that the sowing fabric width is 8cm; The ridge was high after described in the step 4 shallow time was meant time is 17cm; Final singling described in the step 4 is meant that the millet spacing in the rows is 10cm; The ridge was high after described in the step 4 dark time was meant time is 20cm; Topdressing to executing urea described in the step 4, amount of application is 115kg/hm
2
Present embodiment by plant long-lived fragrant paddy, hole irrigation for seeding, the reasonable planting density of setting, apply fertilizers scientifically, technical measures such as irrigation, on light saline and alkaline arable land, improve millet output, adopt the millet of the method for present embodiment in the saline land plantation, average yield reaches 4500kg/ hectare～4600kg/ hectare, and the average yield in conventional production field is the 3045kg/ hectare, method of the present invention is than conventional production field volume increase 47.8%, and per hectare increases millet 1455kg, increases income 5820 yuan.
Claims (10)
1. the cultivation method of a millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land is characterized in that a kind of cultivation method of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land carries out according to the following steps: one, to light saline and alkaline arable land carry out successively that stubble-cleaning, autumn turn over, autumn ridging and organic fertilizer handle; Two, spring, stable during by 10 ℃ when the seeding layer soil temperature, ditching on the ridge with combined seed and fertilizer drill applies fertilizer to the subsoil, and the degree of depth that applies fertilizer to the subsoil is 10cm～12cm, returns the soil that native cladding thickness is 5cm～7cm then; Base fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate compound fertilizer, and wherein the fertilizing amount of diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulphate is respectively 103kg/hm
2～108kg/hm
2, 58kg/hm
2～62kg/hm
2And 58kg/hm
2～62kg/hm
2Three, watering in ditch, after treating to sink under water, is 5kg/hm by seeding quantity
2～6kg/hm
2To resist the wide row of saline and alkaline millet seed to broadcast in the ditch, be the soil of 2.5cm～3.5cm coated with thickness, suppresses to 1.5cm～2cm; When four, treating that millet comes up 1 leaf, 1 core, the intertillage of shovel ground once; When the millet seedling grows to 3 leaves, 1 core, shovel ground, thinning, final singling, carry out shallow time then and handle; When millet is finished tillering stage, close up for dark time behind the shovel ground; The millet shooting stage, the dark time ridging in back of topdressing; The millet pustulation period, irrigate once, gather in after the millet maturation.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land according to claim 1 is characterized in that the light saline and alkaline arable land described in the step 1 is meant that pH in soil is 7.8～8.2 arable land.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land according to claim 1 and 2, the ridging width that it is characterized in that the autumn ridging described in the step 1 is 63cm～70cm.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land according to claim 3, the amount of application that it is characterized in that the fertilizer described in the step 1 is 28t/hm
2～32t/hm
2
5. according to the cultivation method of claim 1,2 or 4 described a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land, it is characterized in that the seeding quantity described in the step 3 is 5.2kg/hm
2～5.8kg/hm
2
6. the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land according to claim 5 is characterized in that the wide row sowing described in the step 3 is meant that the sowing fabric width is 6cm～10cm.
7. according to the cultivation method of claim 1,2,4 or 6 described a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land, it is characterized in that the ridge was high after shallow time described in the step 4 was meant time and be 16cm～18cm.
8. the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land according to claim 7 is characterized in that the final singling described in the step 4 is meant that the millet spacing in the rows is 8cm～11cm.
9. according to the cultivation method of claim 1,2,4,6 or 8 described a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land, it is characterized in that the ridge was high after dark time described in the step 4 was meant time and be 19cm～22cm.
10. the cultivation method of a kind of millets in light saline-alkali cultivated land according to claim 9 is characterized in that topdressing to executing urea described in the step 4, and amount of application is 112kg/hm
2～118kg/hm
2
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102668847A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-19 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Method for improving seedling emergence quality of planted sorgo in saline-alkali soil |
| CN104335809A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-11 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Hengzao 1 culture method |
| CN105557272A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | High-yielding cultivation method of millets |
| CN107896542A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The modification method of fast lifting salt-soda soil paddy field soil organic matter |
| CN109169063A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-11 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of synthetic method for planting improving salt-soda soil millet salt tolerance |
| CN109315246A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving salt-soda soil millet seedling stage coverage |
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2010
- 2010-07-22 CN CN2010102336659A patent/CN101904264B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102668847A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-19 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Method for improving seedling emergence quality of planted sorgo in saline-alkali soil |
| CN102668847B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-11-06 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Method for improving seedling emergence quality of planted sorgo in saline-alkali soil |
| CN104335809A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-11 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Hengzao 1 culture method |
| CN105557272A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | High-yielding cultivation method of millets |
| CN107896542A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The modification method of fast lifting salt-soda soil paddy field soil organic matter |
| CN109169063A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-11 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of synthetic method for planting improving salt-soda soil millet salt tolerance |
| CN109169063B (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 山东农业大学 | Comprehensive cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of millet in saline-alkali soil |
| CN109315246A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving salt-soda soil millet seedling stage coverage |
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