CN101897267B - Comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method - Google Patents
Comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101897267B CN101897267B CN 201010198939 CN201010198939A CN101897267B CN 101897267 B CN101897267 B CN 101897267B CN 201010198939 CN201010198939 CN 201010198939 CN 201010198939 A CN201010198939 A CN 201010198939A CN 101897267 B CN101897267 B CN 101897267B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method, comprising the following steps of: (1) applying base fertilizers in pits by the conventional method during planting; (2) after planting, carrying out rhizosphere liquid fertilization: after planting for two months, applying liquid fertilizers comprising 40-60 jin of imported compound fertilizers, 20-40 jin of urea, 10-15 jin of trace-element fertilizers and 800-1200 jin of water in soil between two pineapple seedlings by using a fertilizer applicator in the depth of 10-15 cm, and then applying once again after 5 seconds; (3) carrying out rhizosphere liquid fertilization in the nutrient growing period: after planting for 6-8 months, applying liquid fertilizers comprising 50-70 jin of imported compound fertilizers, 30-50 jin of urea, 10-15 jin of trace-element fertilizers and 800-1200 jin of water in rhizospheres by using a fertilizer applying gun; and (4) broadcasting fruit-swelling fertilizers before flower forcing: one month before flower forcing, applying about 50-100 g of fruit-swelling fertilizers in each pineapple root . Different from the conventional fertilizer application method, the fertilization method can effectively improve the pineapple yield and the pineapple quality and raise the incomes of fruit farmers, the pineapple yield is improved by 5%-15%, and the production value is increased by 10%-20%.
Description
The method field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizing method, be specifically related to a kind of comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method.
Background method
Pineapple is the large tropical fruit (tree) in third place in the world.China is third place in the world large pineapple main product state, and China's pineapple cultivated area in 2006 is 5.3 ten thousand hectares, and output is 89.06 ten thousand tons, and the output value is 8.79 hundred million yuan; 2007 is 5.5 ten thousand hectares, and output is 90.80 ten thousand tons, and the output value is 10.65 hundred million yuan (Ministry of Agriculture does in South Asia).Pineapple industry has become one of Important Economic pillar of getting rich China torrid areas.
Pineapple is a kind of perennial herb fruit tree, and its root system is the shallow life of fibrous root.Because of pineapple growth cycle long (2～3 years), amount of growth is large, experienced root at this growing period, stem, the growth of leaf nutrition organs, flower bud differentiation, taking out flower bud blooms, several different stages such as pumping of Fruit development and all kinds of buds, the length of the time of each stage experience, the climatic environment that runs into and all not identical to the demand of nutrient, therefore, need to according to pineapple the grow process of stages and characteristics fertilising, could obtain expected effect, therefore its fertilizer requirement is large and fertilizer application frequency is many, take pineapple producing region, Hainan conventional fertilizer application as example, a total fertilizing amount of pineapple production cycle is more than 800 jin, fertilizer application frequency at least 4 times.Concrete fertilization mode and fertilizing amount are as follows: every mu of total fertilization amount---urea: 300～400 jin, and composite fertilizer (domestic, N: P: K=15: 15: 15): 400 jin, potash fertilizer (K
2SO
4/ KCl): 100 jin; Fertilizing time and mode: during (1) seedling growth, hole basal dressing: 150 jin of urea; (2) field planting was cheated/is spread fertilizer over the fields and topdress after 2 months: 100 jin of urea, 100 jin of composite fertilizers; (3) vegetative growth phase (after the field planting 6～8 months), spread fertilizer over the fields and topdress: 100 jin of urea, 100 jin of composite fertilizers; (4) flower forcing is front 1 month, spreads fertilizer over the fields fruit-promoting fertilizer: 200 jin of composite fertilizers, 100 jin of potash fertilizer.Fertilizer price and use fertile cost: 150～160 yuan/100 jin of composite fertilizers (domestic), 90～100 yuan/100 jin in urea, 160～170 yuan/100 jin in potash fertilizer.1075～1160 yuan of every mu of fertilizer costs, 400 yuan of every mu of fertilising labour costs, 1475～1560 yuan of every mu of pineapple fertilising totle drilling costs.
Frequent, excessive use because of chemical fertilizer, cause pineapple to produce and series of problems occurs, descend such as dependence increase, the pineapple quality of pineapple output to rate of fertilizer: black heart appears in pineapple fruit, and the amount of water pineapple increases, the ratio decline of commodity fruit, the decline of pineapple plant disease resistance etc.How correct, rational fertilising has become the extremely urgent problem that the pineapple need of production solves.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method, concrete operation step is as follows: when 1, planting, and the hole basal dressing; 2, after the field planting, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer; 3, vegetative growth phase, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer; 4, before the flower forcing, spread fertilizer over the fields fruit-promoting fertilizer.
When (1) planting, the hole basal dressing: before the plantation that the finishing of seedling ground is smooth, according to mu field planting strain number, arrange seeding row spacing properly, every mu of field planting of queen's class Bali kind 3000～3500 strains, seeding row spacing is: 35cm * 50cm, the plantation of employing double small row, line space is 60cm; Every mu of field planting of platform farming class crossbreed 2800～3000 strains, seeding row spacing is: 40cm * 55cm, adopt the plantation of double small row, line space is 60cm.400～600 jin of dried poultrymanures and 400～600 jin of phosphate fertilizer are mixed, according to the seedling planting position, dig 15～20 centimeters seedling caves, whenever spread manuer in holes into 2 two halves to 3 two halves base manure, cover a small amount of soil, on the cave, the nursery stock base portion buries 5～10 centimeters in soil with seedling planting;
(2) after the field planting, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: field planting is after 2 months, and rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: 40～60 jin of import Finland composite fertilizers (N: P: K=15: 15: 15), 20～40 jin of urea, little fertile 10～15 jin, 800～1200 jin in water; Fertilizer apparatus is 4 parts: dissolving tank, 3 diesel engines, motor atomizer and fertilization guns; Dissolving tank is used for dissolving fertilizer, and the steel plate of available 5 centimeters thickness is made into water tank, is filled with water more than 2000 jin, can conveniently move; Diesel engine can adopt 3 tin bavins or Weihe River bavin; Sprayer is the 3WZ-45ASB motor atomizer that Suzhou physics agriculture and forestry machinery Science and Technology Ltd. produces; Fertilization gun is that Haicheng City is pitied the liquid fertilization gun that agricultural Buddha's warrior attendant machine-building Co., Ltd produces.Install, connect fertilizer apparatus: diesel engine and sprayer are fixed on the steelframe, connect power with conveyer belt; Drug-feeding tube is connected with dissolving tank, and drug-feeding tube has filter; Medicine outlet is connected with fertilization gun with the agricultural spraying pencil, and medicine outlet is generally 2, can connect simultaneously 2 fertilization guns and apply fertilizer.Sprayer has pressure protective device, can automatic Regulation, and after pausing in the control fertilising, hypertonia generation booster.Fertilising: fertilizer is fully dissolved, machine.Fertilization gun penetrates in two soil between the pineapple seedling, and 10～15 centimeters of the degree of depth are pulled fertilization gun, and solution is pressed into soil, and the soil surface until solution is emerged unclamps the fertilization gun trigger, in 5 seconds of interval, executes once again.Fertilising is carried out from direct motion in the ranks;
(3) vegetative growth phase, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: after the field planting 6～8 months, apply Liquid Fertilizer with the fertilization gun rhizosphere: 50～70 jin of import composite fertilizers, 30～50 jin of urea, little fertile 10～15 jin, 800～1200 jin in water, the same step of fertilizing method (2);
(4) before the flower forcing, spread fertilizer over the fields fruit-promoting fertilizer: front 1 month of pineapple flower forcing applies 180～220 jin of domestic composite fertilizers, 80～120 jin of potash fertilizer.After composite fertilizer and potash fertilizer mixed, every strain pineapple root applied 1～2 liang of left and right sides fertilizer, and fertilizer is directly applied pineapple root soil surface, and fertilization time can be decided according to weather, carried out behind rain front or the rain.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. utilize this fertilizing method, the pineapple output increased 5～15%, the output value has increased by 10～20%, has improved orchard worker's income, and for the pineapple rational application of fertilizer, improve the pineapple output value reliable method guarantee be provided.
2. pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilizing method of the present invention is different from conventional fertilizing method, the method is got up the advantages of conventional fertilizer application method and rhizosphere liquid fertilizing method, the actual conditions of rhizosphere pineapple growth have worked out a kind of comprehensive fertilizing method with clear superiority of comparing with the conventional fertilizer application method.
3. the rhizosphere liquid fertilizing method is compared with the conventional fertilizer application method, adopts the rhizosphere liquid fertilizing method to have the saving of labor, the advantage such as save time.Its comparing result is as follows:
Conventional fertilizing method: a total fertilizing amount of pineapple production cycle is more than 800 jin, fertilizer application frequency at least 4 times.Concrete fertilization mode and fertilizing amount are as follows: every mu of total fertilization amount---urea: 300～400 jin, and composite fertilizer (domestic, N: P: K=15: 15: 15): 400 jin, potash fertilizer (K
2SO
4/ KCl): 100 jin; Fertilizing time and mode: during (1) seedling growth, hole basal dressing: 150 jin of urea; (2) field planting was cheated/is spread fertilizer over the fields and topdress after 2 months: 100 jin of urea, 100 jin of composite fertilizers; (3) vegetative growth phase (after the field planting 6～8 months), spread fertilizer over the fields and topdress: 100 jin of urea, 100 jin of composite fertilizers; (4) flower forcing is front 1 month, spreads fertilizer over the fields fruit-promoting fertilizer: 200 jin of composite fertilizers, 100 jin of potash fertilizer.Fertilizer price and use fertile cost: 150～160 yuan/100 jin of composite fertilizers (domestic), 90～100 yuan/100 jin in urea, 160～170 yuan/100 jin in potash fertilizer.1075～1160 yuan of every mu of fertilizer costs, 400 yuan of every mu of fertilising labour costs, 1475～1560 yuan of every mu of pineapple fertilising totle drilling costs.
Adopt comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method: every mu of total fertilization amount---500 jin of chicken manures, 500 jin of phosphate fertilizer, composite fertilizer's (import,) 110 jins, 200 jin of composite fertilizers (domestic, N: P: K=15: 15: 15), 70 jin in urea, little fertile 20 jin, 100 jin in potash fertilizer.Fertilizer price and use fertile cost: 240～260 yuan/100 jin of composite fertilizer'ss (import), 150～160 yuan/100 jin of composite fertilizers (domestic), 90～100 yuan/100 jin in urea, 160～170 yuan/100 jin in potash fertilizer, 30～35 yuan/100 jin in phosphate fertilizer, 15～20 yuan/100 jin of chicken manures, little fertile 10～15 yuan/jin.1212～1421 yuan of every mu of fertilizer costs, 300 yuan of every mu of fertilising labour costs, 1512～1721 yuan of every mu of pineapple fertilising totle drilling costs.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is described in further details, these embodiment only are used for illustrating the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
When (1) planting, the hole basal dressing: before the plantation that the finishing of seedling ground is smooth, according to mu field planting strain number, arrange seeding row spacing properly, every mu of field planting of queen's class Bali kind 3000～3500 strains, seeding row spacing is: 35cm * 50cm, the plantation of employing double small row, line space is 60cm; Every mu of field planting of platform farming class crossbreed 2800～3000 strains, seeding row spacing is: 40cm * 55cm, adopt the plantation of double small row, line space is 60cm.500 jin of dried poultrymanures and 500 jin of phosphate fertilizer are mixed, according to the seedling planting position, dig 15～20 centimeters seedling caves, whenever spread manuer in holes into 2 two halves to 3 two halves base manure, cover a small amount of soil, on the cave, the nursery stock base portion buries 5～10 centimeters in soil with seedling planting;
(2) after the field planting, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: field planting is after 2 months, and rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: 50 jin of import Finland composite fertilizers (N: P: K=15: 15: 15), 30 jin of urea, little fertile 10 jin, 1000 jin in water; Fertilising: fertilizer is fully dissolved, machine, fertilization gun penetrates in two soil between the pineapple seedling, 10～15 centimeters of the degree of depth, pull fertilization gun, solution is pressed into soil, and the soil surface until solution is emerged unclamps the fertilization gun trigger, 5 seconds of interval, to execute again once, fertilising is carried out from direct motion in the ranks;
(3) vegetative growth phase, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: after the field planting 6～8 months, apply Liquid Fertilizer with the fertilization gun rhizosphere: 60 jin of import composite fertilizers, 40 jin of urea, little fertile 10 jin, 1000 jin in water, the same step of fertilizing method (2);
(4) before the flower forcing, spread fertilizer over the fields fruit-promoting fertilizer: front 1 month of pineapple flower forcing, apply 200 jin of domestic composite fertilizers, 100 jin of potash fertilizer, after composite fertilizer and potash fertilizer mixed, every strain pineapple root applied 1 liang of left and right sides fertilizer, and fertilizer is directly applied pineapple root soil surface, fertilization time can be decided according to weather, carries out behind rain front or the rain.
Embodiment 2
In August, 2007～2009 year February, roll Shui Po village, town the Behavioral Change dragon and carry out the pineapple rhizosphere liquid comprehensive fertilizer test that applies fertilizer.Testing ground area is 20 mu, and the pineapple kind is Bali, contrasts the Bali into conventional fertilizer application.The pineapple of gathering in February, 2009 is measured per mu yield and commodity fruit rate.6600 jin in fertilizer test average yield per mu pineapple, top grade fruit ratio accounts for 20%, commodity fruit ratio 70%, waiting outer level fruit (can fruit) ratio is 10%; 6200 jin of contrast average yield per mus, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio and can fruit ratio are respectively 15%, 65%, 20%, and output increases by 6.5%.The pineapple fresh fruit market price is 1.2 yuan/jin of top grade fruits, 1.0 yuan/jin of commodity fruits, 0.3 yuan/jin of can fruit.6402 yuan of experimental field average yield per mu values (the thick output value), 5518 yuan of the thick output values of the average mu in contrast ground increase by 884 yuan of per mu yield values, deduct fertilizer and apply difference (approximately 150 yuan), and then test is than 734 yuan of contrast per mu yield value net increases, and the output value increases by 13.3%.
Embodiment 3
In August, 2007～2009 year March, roll Shui Po village, town the Behavioral Change dragon and carry out the pineapple rhizosphere liquid comprehensive fertilizer test that applies fertilizer.Testing ground area is 30 mu, and the pineapple kind is pearl, contrasts the pearl into conventional fertilizer application.The pineapple of gathering in March, 2009 is measured per mu yield and commodity fruit rate.11500 jin in fertilizer test average yield per mu pineapple, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio, can fruit ratio are respectively 30%, 65%, 5%; 10050 jin of contrast average yield per mus, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio and can fruit ratio are respectively 20%, 75%, 5%, and output increases by 14.4%.The pearl pineapple fresh fruit market price is 0.8 yuan/jin of top grade fruit, 0.5 yuan/jin of commodity fruit, 0.3 yuan/jin of can fruit.Experimental field the average yield per mu value is 6670 yuan, and 5527.5 yuan of contrast ground average yield per mu values increase by 1142.5 yuan of per mu yield values, deduct fertilizer difference, and then test is than 992.5 yuan of contrast per mu yield value net increases, and the output value increases by 18.0%.
Embodiment 4
In August, 2008～2010 year February, roll Shui Po village, town the Behavioral Change dragon and carry out the pineapple rhizosphere liquid comprehensive fertilizer test that applies fertilizer.Testing ground area is 60 mu, and the pineapple kind is Bali, contrasts the Bali into conventional fertilizer application.The pineapple of gathering in February, 2010 is measured per mu yield and commodity fruit rate.6300 jin in fertilizer test average yield per mu pineapple, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio, can fruit ratio are respectively 20%, 70%, 10%; 5800 jin of contrast average yield per mus, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio and can fruit ratio are respectively 15%, 65%, 20%, and output increases by 8.6%.Bali pineapple fresh fruit market price is 1.5 yuan/jin of top grade fruits, 1.2 yuan/jin of commodity fruits, 0.6 yuan/jin of can fruit.Experimental field the average yield per mu value is 7560 yuan, and 6525 yuan of contrast ground average yield per mu values increase by 1035 yuan of per mu yield values, deduct fertilizer difference, and then test is than 885 yuan of contrast per mu yield value net increases, and the output value increases by 13.6%.
Embodiment 5
In September, 2008～2010 year April, roll upward slope village, town the Behavioral Change dragon and carry out the pineapple rhizosphere liquid comprehensive fertilizer test that applies fertilizer.Testing ground area is 30 mu, and the pineapple kind is that gold bores, and the gold that contrasts as conventional fertilizer application bores.The pineapple of gathering in April, 2010 is measured per mu yield and commodity fruit rate.8000 jin in fertilizer test average yield per mu pineapple, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio, can fruit ratio are respectively 30%, 65%, 5%; 7500 jin of contrast average yield per mus, top grade fruit ratio, commodity fruit ratio and can fruit ratio are respectively 20%, 70%, 10%, and output increases by 6.7%.Gold bores the pineapple fresh fruit market price, 1.8 yuan/jin of top grade fruits, 1.5 yuan/jin of commodity fruits, 0.6 yuan/jin of can fruit.Experimental field the average yield per mu value is 12360 yuan, and 11025 yuan of contrast ground average yield per mu values increase by 1335 yuan of per mu yield values, deduct fertilizer difference, and then test is than 1185 yuan of contrast per mu yield value net increases, and the output value increases by 10.7%.
Claims (2)
1. a comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
When (1) planting, hole basal dressing: before the plantation that the finishing of seedling ground is smooth, according to mu field planting strain number, arrange seeding row spacing properly, 400-600 jin dried poultrymanure and 400-600 jin phosphate fertilizer are mixed, according to the seedling planting position, dig 15-20 centimetre seedling cave, each seedling is spreaded manuer in holes into 0.25 jin to 0.35 jin base manure, covers a small amount of soil, again with seedling planting on the seedling cave, the nursery stock base portion buries native 5-10 centimetre;
(2) after the field planting, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: field planting is after 2 months, and rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: Liquid Fertilizer is by 40-60 jin import Finland composite fertilizer N: P: K=15: 15: 15,20-40 jin urea, little fertile 10-15 jin and water 800-1200 jin form; Above-mentioned fertilizer is fully dissolved, start fertilizer application machine, fertilization gun is penetrated in two soil between the pineapple seedling degree of depth 10-15 centimetre, pull fertilization gun, solution is pressed into soil, the soil surface until solution is emerged, unclamp the fertilization gun trigger, in 5 seconds of interval, execute again once;
(3) vegetative growth phase, rhizosphere applies Liquid Fertilizer: 6-8 is individual month after the field planting, apply Liquid Fertilizer with the fertilization gun rhizosphere: Liquid Fertilizer forms the same step of fertilizing method (2) by 50-70 jin import composite fertilizer, 30-50 jin urea, little fertile 10-15 jin and water 800-1200 jin;
(4) before the flower forcing, spread fertilizer over the fields fruit-promoting fertilizer: front 1 month of pineapple flower forcing, the domestic composite fertilizer of 180-220 jin and 80-120 jin potash fertilizer are mixed as fruit-promoting fertilizer, and every strain pineapple root applies 0.1～0.2 jin of fruit-promoting fertilizer, and fertilizer is directly applied pineapple root soil surface.
2. comprehensive pineapple rhizosphere liquid fertilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described fertilization time of executing fruit-promoting fertilizer of step (4) decides according to weather, before raining or carry out behind the rain.
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| CN103070051A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Method for controlling pineapple black-heart by using salicylic acid |
| CN105130539B (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2018-05-25 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of administration of stingless cacaine pineapple set meal fertilizer |
| CN107197647A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-26 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of golden pineapple field fertilization method |
| CN107046905A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-18 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of pineapple fertigation method |
| CN108738590B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-07-14 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | One-time fertilizing and planting method for pineapples |
| CN116058223B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-12-05 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Planting method for reducing occurrence of pineapple black heart disease and water heart disease |
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| CN101416579A (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-29 | 胡美兰 | A kind of fertilizing method of tealeaves |
| CN101427632A (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2009-05-13 | 孙雪梅 | Fertilizer application method for growth of watermelon and fertilizer thereof |
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| CN101416579A (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-29 | 胡美兰 | A kind of fertilizing method of tealeaves |
| CN101427632A (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2009-05-13 | 孙雪梅 | Fertilizer application method for growth of watermelon and fertilizer thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 孙伟生等."菠萝高效生产栽培技术".《安徽农学通报》.2007,第13卷(第9期),第166页、第151页. |
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