CN101889534A - Cultivation medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivation medium, which comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 38 to 42 percent of Mako Hyuga stone, 16 to 21 percent of clinoptilolite, 5 to 7 percent of infusorial earth, 11 to 16 percent of red jade earth, 6 to 9 percent of allophone, 5 to 10 percent of Kiryu sand. In the invention, the Mako Hyuga stone, after high-temperature treatment, has the basic excellent properties of media, such as permeability, water discharge, insusceptibility to decomposition and breakage and high stability; and due to a chemical inertness, the Mako Hyuga stone can prevent the increase of surface adsorbates of the clinoptilolite exposed in the air for an overlong time and can prolong the service life of the clinoptilolite by 3 to 5 years effectively.

Description

A kind of cultivation medium

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation medium.

Background technology

Plant growth medium is summarized according to the source and is divided three classes: natural soils, add improving the soil and soilless culture substrate of conditioner.Soilless culture substrate generally is meant and utilizes natural minerals, industrial or agricultural organic-inorganic discarded object simple substance or mixing/complex, is prepared from.Than preceding two class soil cultivations, soilless culture substrate both possessed water, fertilizer, gas, heat etc. be similar to natural soils can be for the fertility characteristic of plant growing, can regulate physicochemical character according to different plant production needs again, have water-saving, economize fertile, avoid advantage such as soil pollution.

Soilless culture substrate can be divided into organic media and inorganic medium two big classes by the composition composition at present, and inorganic cultivation medium does not decompose than with traditional organic media, and the operating period is long.Present common inorganic medium is by single or compound compositions such as sand, chad, rock wool, perlite and vermiculites, from single performance, and not exclusively possesses the condition of plant grew well cultivation medium, picture sand, chad one class unit weight is excessive, the vermiculite short texture is easily broken, perlite does not have the preserve moisture and fertility ability, the rock wool non-degradable, and long-term the use pollutes and the use cost height environment.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of cultivation medium, and it is stable to have preserve moisture and fertility, physicochemical property concurrently, and unit weight is suitable, is suitable for plant growing.For this reason, the present invention by the following technical solutions: umber by volume, described cultivation medium is composed of the following components:

Day to stone, 38～42%; Clinoptilolite, 16～21%; Diatomaceous earth, 5～7%;

Red beautiful soil, 11～16%; Deer natural pond soil, 6～9%; Paulownia gives birth to husky, and 5～10%;

Described day to stone, clinoptilolite, paulownia give birth to husky for through in same pressure vessel through 550 ± 10 ℃, the particle that keeps the processing after 2～3 hours under the condition of pressure 200 ± 10MPa and obtain, its particle size is 3～5mm, and Chi Yutu, deer natural pond soil, diatomaceous earth particle size are got 2～6.5mm.

In the present invention, through the day after the high temperature high pressure process possessing medium this good characteristic that has substantially: ventilative, draining to stone, and be difficult for decomposing broken, good stability, because its chemically inert speciality can prevent clinoptilolite and increase because of crossing adsorbate of a specified duration and surperficial in the middle of the exposure air that the service time that effectively prolongs clinoptilolite is for 3-5.

Clinoptilolite can be used as ion-exchanger and uses as a kind of aluminium silicate mineral.The present invention has the molecular sieve function through the clinoptilolite after the high temperature high pressure process, its micropore performance diameter is 500pm, can adsorb the following molecule of 500pm, can effectively absorb heavy metal ion, bacterium, nitrite, phenol, reduce poisonous and harmful element such as Pb, cd, Hg, As, F etc., from air, extract the N element selectively and make oxygen coalescenceization.

The paulownia greensand contains a large amount of Fe ₂O ₃(iron oxide), the ventilation good water-retaining property.Paulownia greensand through high temperature high pressure process can form the coating covering at the clinoptilolite mineral surfaces, effectively intercepts clinoptilolite and directly contacts absorption with air plankton, thereby increase the service life.Reduce the negative electrical charge of soil in addition by the physics masking action, thereby in soil and sediments, effectively promote the suction-operated between microorganism and the solid phase.

Red beautiful soil contains SiO ₂, CaO, MgO, MnO, Fe ₂O ₃, Al ₂O ₃Deng beneficial element, and itself be not with malignant bacteria, use with the soil collocation of deer natural pond and can promote its stability, significantly reclamation result (disliking gas, weight in wet base, barren).

Diatomaceous earth has physical property insect killing and preventing effect in medium of the present invention, itself contain the oxide and the charcoal organic matter of a large amount of clay minerals, iron, can increase the oxygen delivery capacity of mixed-matrix, and the plant face of land is covered the heat-insulation and heat-preservation effect of playing.

In above-mentioned medium, can be added with the fertile and medium modifying agent of long-acting controlled release.

The medium modifying agent can adopt described calcium cyanamide, and it not only can make base manure but also the Acidity of Aikalinity of can improving the soil.As a kind of long-acting no acid group nitrogenous fertilizer, with reaction of moisture, generate slaked lime and cyanogen ammonia earlier, cyanogen ammoniacal liquor is separated formation urea, decomposes ammonification at last, for plant absorbing.Nitrogen in the calcium cyanamide existed with the ammoniacal nitrogen form in the soil midium or long term, was difficult for leaching loss, thereby had the fertilizer efficiency height, hold the long characteristics of imitating.Contain 60% lime in the calcium cyanamide approximately, impose on and to make the soil pH raising in the soil, can eliminate and mix inorganic medium meta-acid characteristic, the pH value is maintained between the 6.5-7, be beneficial to plant growing.

Long-acting controlled release fertilizer can adopt coating controlled-release fertilizer (NPK fertilizer 15-9-9), and the plain balanced chemical fertilizer of inorganic multivariate replenishes the required trace element of plant growing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is medium preparation flow figure of the present invention.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: the preparation of medium provided by the present invention

Medium provided by the present invention is umber by volume, and is composed of the following components:

Day to stone, 38～42%; Clinoptilolite, 16～21%; Diatomaceous earth, 5～7%;

Red beautiful soil, 11～16%; Deer natural pond soil, 6～9%; Paulownia gives birth to husky, and 5～10%;

As follows with reference to its preparation process of Fig. 1:

1,, gets raw material A day to stone, raw material B clinoptilolite, raw material C paulownia greensand break process according to said ratio;

2, raw material A, B, C high temperature high pressure process: pass through high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, adopt two circulation electric furnaces that still is heated. make the interior oily temperature of still reach 550 ± 10 ℃, be forced under 200 ± 10MPa state and kept constant temperature and pressure 2～3 hours, the off-response still slowly cools off it, until temperature drop to about 200 ℃ take out leave in the drier standby;

3, sizing screening: it is standby that the raw material A after high temperature high pressure process, B, C make particle size diameter 3～5mm particle diameter;

4,, get the red beautiful soil of raw material D, raw material E diatomaceous earth, raw material F deer natural pond soil and pass through sieve classification and get particle diameter specification 2～6.5mm according to said ratio;

5, the mixture that makes of mixture that step 3 is made and step 4 mixes after impurity elimination, polishing, washing, hot-air seasoning technology make cultivation medium of the present invention;

6, add alkaline modifying agent calcium cyanamide (0.07-0.12g/m2) and long-acting controlled release fertilizer--coating controlled-release fertilizer (3g/L) in the blending agent.

Embodiment 2

After getting high temperature high pressure process by embodiment 1 step 2, day of particle diameter 3～5mm is to stone 42L, clinoptilolite 19L, paulownia gives birth to husky 10L, three samples are mixed evenly standby, red jade native 16L, diatomaceous earth 5L, the deer natural pond soil 8L of screening back particle diameter at 2～6.5mm learns from else's experience, give birth to that husky mixture mixes after impurity elimination, polishing, washing, hot-air seasoning technology to stone, clinoptilolite, paulownia, interpolation calcium cyanamide 0.07g/m with aforementioned day ²And the fertile 3g/L of long-acting controlled release, make blending agent, be widely used in plant growing medium, characteristics are sanitation and hygiene, no damage by disease and insect and weed seed, environmental protection is protected fertile effective.

Embodiment 3

After getting high temperature high pressure process by embodiment 1 step 2, day of particle diameter 3-5mm is to stone 42L, clinoptilolite 21L, paulownia gives birth to husky 8L, three samples are mixed evenly standby, red jade native 16L, diatomaceous earth 5L, the deer natural pond soil 8L of screening back particle diameter at 2～6.5mm learns from else's experience, give birth to that husky mixture mixes after impurity elimination, polishing, washing, hot-air seasoning technology to stone, clinoptilolite, paulownia, interpolation calcium cyanamide 0.07g/m with aforementioned day ²And the fertile 3g/L of long-acting controlled release, make blending agent, be widely used as the gardening bedstone, characteristics be retention ability strong, good gas permeability is arranged, can not amass waterlogging.

Embodiment 4

After getting high temperature high pressure process by embodiment 1 step 2, day of particle diameter 3-5mm is to stone 38L, clinoptilolite 21L, paulownia gives birth to husky 9L, three samples are mixed evenly standby, red jade native 18L, diatomaceous earth 7L, the deer natural pond soil 7L of screening back particle diameter at 2～6.5mm learns from else's experience, give birth to that husky mixture mixes after impurity elimination, polishing, washing, hot-air seasoning technology to stone, clinoptilolite, paulownia, interpolation calcium cyanamide 0.07g/m with aforementioned day ²And the fertile 3g/L of long-acting controlled release, make blending agent, be widely used as the gardens cladding material, characteristics are that unit weight is suitable, can be preferably fixing plant, prevent weeds propagation and widespread, anti-decomposition.

Embodiment 5

After getting high temperature high pressure process by embodiment 1 step 2, day of particle diameter 3-5mm is to stone 38L, the 21L clinoptilolite, the 10L paulownia gives birth to husky, three samples are mixed evenly standby, red jade native 15L, diatomaceous earth 7L, the deer natural pond soil 9L of screening back particle diameter at 2～6.5mm learns from else's experience, give birth to that husky mixture mixes after impurity elimination, polishing, washing, hot-air seasoning technology to stone, clinoptilolite, paulownia, interpolation calcium cyanamide 0.12g/m with aforementioned day ²And the fertile 3g/L of long-acting controlled release, make blending agent, do soil melioration and use, characteristics one are to contain abundant trace element and rare earth element mineral particle, long-term release PH is a subacidity, can make loosing soil, water conservation, ventilative, favourable plant root growth and edaphon development.It two is that resiliency is good, and substrate can store excessive fertilizer, prevents the plant taken in excess, thereby avoids the mistaken ideas of applying fertilizer.

Claims (2)

1. cultivation medium is characterized in that described cultivation medium is composed of the following components:

Day to stone, 38～42%; Clinoptilolite, 16～21%; Diatomaceous earth, 5～7%;

Red beautiful soil, 11～16%; Deer natural pond soil, 6～9%; Paulownia gives birth to husky, and 5～10%;

Described day to stone, clinoptilolite, paulownia give birth to husky for through in same pressure vessel through 550 ± 10 ℃, the particle that keeps the processing after 2～3 hours under the condition of pressure 200 ± 10MPa and obtain, its particle size is 3～5mm, and Chi Yutu, deer natural pond soil, diatomaceous earth particle size are got 2～6.5mm.

2. a kind of cultivation medium as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it is added with the fertile and medium modifying agent of long-acting controlled release.

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