CN101869082B - Crab domesticating method for river crab ecologic breeding in soda type salinized reed wetland - Google Patents
Crab domesticating method for river crab ecologic breeding in soda type salinized reed wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN101869082B CN101869082B CN2010102051616A CN201010205161A CN101869082B CN 101869082 B CN101869082 B CN 101869082B CN 2010102051616 A CN2010102051616 A CN 2010102051616A CN 201010205161 A CN201010205161 A CN 201010205161A CN 101869082 B CN101869082 B CN 101869082B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, relating to a river crab domesticating method for river crab ecological breeding in a soda type salinized reed wetland. The method mainly solves the problem that river crabs cannot survive in a soda type salinized water environment. The method is characterized in that: water quality analysis is used as basis, and a domesticating method by manually prepared basic water with salinized water in the reed wetland and domesticating speed that the alkalinity of the domesticating water is improved by 2mol.m<-3> every 12 hours are adopted. The method ensures that the river crabs can generate an adaptability mechanism to the soda-type salinized water environment in short time, and the domesticating survival rate of the river crabs with the specification of between 3 and 6 grams per river crab for 5 to 7 days can reach 87.49 percent, thereby achieving the stocking requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, relate to the crab kind domesticating method of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland.
Technical background
Development and use nature reed wetland cultivating river crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is set up reed-crab complex ecological structure, is a kind of economic utilization of reed wetland efficiently pattern.It also is the preferable approach of reed wetland sustainable use.As one of important ecotype of landlocked marsh wetland, the soda type salinized reed wetland is distributed widely in western part, the Northeast, and the natural bait aboundresources of river crab such as zoobenthos and submerged plant happiness food in the wetland is fit to the ecologic breeding of development river crab.But be the chloride type water quality of offshore area because of the water environment of the breeding of river crab and seed rearing; Can't adapt to the landlocked saline and alkaline water environment of soda type under the natural conditions; Must make seedlings of milieu crab produce certain adaptive capacity and just can put in a suitable place to breed afterwards through suitable domestication.
At present, the research of saline and alkaline water environment culture of Chinese mitten crab of landlocked soda type and domestication aspect report is still rare, does not more see relevant patent.Declare the patent of method for breeding river crab aspect at present, related breeding environment is fresh water environment.As one Chinese patent application number be respectively 02111082.4,200410014951.0,200610039348.7,200710023022.X, 200810123153.X etc.; Related breeding environment is respectively fresh water environments such as pond, rice field, natural bubble natural pond, does not all relate to saline-alkali environment.Take suitable domesticating method; Strengthen the adaptive capacity of river crab to the saline and alkaline water environment of landlocked soda type; Improve and put survival rate in a suitable place to breed, this is the prerequisite of the close other types wetland development ecologically breeding river crabs of landlocked soda type salinized reed wetland of development and use and water quality.Therefore, can the domestication stage reach a standard, and determining that can this type of saline-alkali wetland cultivating river crab.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to the difference of landlocked soda type salinized reed wetland water quality and river crab breeding and seed rearing pond water environment; According to the ecological principle of the domestication of " environmental suitability "; Make crab kind self body form new environmental suitability mechanism, put requirement in a suitable place to breed thereby reach.Its objective is provides a kind of effective domesticating method, promotes this new machine-processed formation of adaptability, solves the problem of putting in a suitable place to breed of crab kind in the ecologically breeding river crabs.
The domesticating method of the crab kind of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland of the present invention, step and condition are following:
1. water-quality test analysis
The saline and alkaline water of the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic being cultivated the reed field of Chi Shui and soda type salinized reed wetland carries out test analysis respectively, and the mensuration project comprises: K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Mass concentration and basicity;
2. confirm domestication index and domestication gradient
With the basicity of the salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland as crab kind domestication index; According to Analysis Results of Water Quality; Cultivate the basic basicity of the basicity of Chi Shui as domestication with the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic, with the basicity of the salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland with 2molm
-3For tolerance is divided into n gradient, on basic basicity, the basicity of each domestication gradient is equal to basic basicity and adds 2molm
-3, that is:
a
g1＝a
b，a
g2＝a
b+2，a
g3＝a
b+4，…，a
gn＝a
b+2(n-1)
In the formula, a
g, a
bBe respectively the basicity and the basic basicity of domestication gradient; I=1,2,3 ..., n, wherein, a
GnBe approximately equal to the basicity of salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland;
3. the preparation of crab kind domestication pond base water
With K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Mass concentration be the mass of ion concentration preparation standard of the crab kind domestication Chi Shui on basis, compound method is:
At area is 1hm
2, but the middle adding of retaining degree of depth 2.0m do not have chlorine running water 2500m
3, add NaCl, KCl, the MgSO that has dissolved then respectively
46H
2O and CaCl
22H
2O, the addition of all ingredients is calculated as follows:
m
i＝2.5×[a
g(c
f-c
b)+a
f?c
b-a
b?c
f]/(a
f-a
b)
In the formula, m
iAddition kg for all ingredients; a
g, c
f, c
bBe respectively the mass of ion concentration gm of salt buck of reed field of basicity, the soda type salinized reed wetland of domestication gradient
-3Cultivate the mass of ion concentration gm of Chi Shui with the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic
-3
4. the input of domestication crab kind
With crab kind input domestication Chi Shuizhong to be tamed, wherein, the basic basicity that the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic is cultivated Chi Shui is a
b, the crab kind quantity of each domestication is at 1000～1500kg/hm
2
5. domestication speed
After crab kind to be tamed drops in the crab kind domestication pond, with a
G1=a
bBe the basis, every salt buck in the reed field of 12h 1 soda type salinized reed wetland of interpolation in crab kind domestication pond improves basicity 2molm at every turn
-3It is a that the basicity of cultivating the pond when the crab kind reaches last domestication gradient
Gn=a
bDuring+2 (n-1), stop to add water, the crab kind can be caught out the reed field of directly putting into the soda type salinized reed wetland after in this crab kind domestication pond water environment, continuing to adapt to 24h, gets into the aquaculture management stage;
The each quantity of adding of the salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland is calculated as follows:
V＝2500×[(a
g-a
b)/(a
f-a
g)]
In the formula, V is the volume amount m of the salt buck in each reed field of adding the soda type salinized reed wetland
-3a
g, c
f, c
bBe respectively the saline and alkaline quality concentration gm of reed field of basicity, the soda type salinized reed wetland of domestication gradient
-3Mass of ion concentration gm with crab kind cultivation Chi Shui
-3
Beneficial effect: the method for domesticating of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland crab kind of the present invention is to the water environment characteristics of the reed field of the reed wetland of putting river crab in a suitable place to breed, adopts suitable domestication speed, tames with the salt buck of this wetland.The crab kind of domestication more can adapt to concrete cultivation water environment by this method, cultures to be prone to succeed.This method is easy and simple to handle, and effect is remarkable.
Adopt the crab kind domesticating method of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland of the present invention, the crab kind of employing from Liaoning Panjin buy, average specification is 3～6g/ crab kind (being commonly called as the button crab) only, Panjin crab kind is cultivated the basicity 2.41molm of Chi Shui
-3The basicity 24.29molm of the salt buck of the reed field of domestication district soda type salinized reed wetland
-3, through 5～7 days domestication, its survival rate was 87.49%.
Adopt method of the present invention not only to obtain comparatively ideal domestication survival rate, and it can also be seen that from table 2 and table 3, the base water of artificial preparation and crab are cultivated the ion concentration mean error of Chi Shui about ± 15%; In the domestication process mean error of basicity graded design load and the measured value of domestication water be lower than ± 10%.Therefore, the domesticating method of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland crab kind of the present invention is feasible.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In recent years; Jilin Province's comprehensive agricultural development project that western song-Nen plain is implemented respectively in Jilin Province " western Wetland ecological child care and efficiently utilize demostration area construction " (200606) and " ecological child care of Technique in Western Jilin Province reed wetland and recovery technique are demonstrated " are (01-0222088202); Jilin Province's development in science and technology planning item " salinized reed wetland prawn and Eriocheir sinensia domesticating breeding technology research " (20020227-2) with " reparation of Technique in Western Jilin Province degeneration Wetland ecological and rationally utilize pattern and technical research " (20080402-1) etc. in the scientific research project, carried out the domesticating and cultivating test of river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland.
The domesticating method of the crab kind of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland, step and condition are following
1. water-quality test analysis
The saline and alkaline water of the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic being cultivated the reed field of Chi Shui and soda type salinized reed wetland carries out test analysis respectively, and the mensuration project comprises: K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Mass concentration and basicity; See table 1 for details:
The crab kind of table 1 offshore area Proterozoic is cultivated the basicity and the leading ion characteristic of the reed field water of Chi Shui and soda type salinized reed wetland
Annotate: the crab kind is cultivated the crab kind cultivation Chi Shui that Chi Shui is Proterozoic Liaoning, offshore area Panjin.Saline and alkaline reed pond water is the reed field water of soda type salinized reed wetland.
2. confirm domestication index and domestication gradient
With the basicity of the reed field water salt buck of soda type salinized reed wetland as crab kind domestication index; According to Analysis Results of Water Quality; Cultivate the basic basicity of the basicity of Chi Shui as domestication with the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic, with the basicity of the salt buck of the reed field water of soda type salinized reed wetland with 2molm
-3For tolerance is divided into n gradient, after basic basicity, the basicity of each domestication gradient is equal to basic basicity and adds 2molm
-3, that is:
a
G1=a
b, a
G2=a
b+ 2, a
G3=a
b+ 4 ..., a
Gn=a
b+ 2 (n-1), in the formula, a
g, a
bBe respectively the basicity and the basic basicity of domestication gradient; I=1,2,3 ..., n, wherein, a
GnBe approximately equal to the basicity of reed wetland salt buck;
In the present embodiment, cultivate the basic basicity of the basicity of Chi Shui as domestication, basic basicity a with the crab kind of Panjin offshore area, Liaoning Proterozoic
b=2.41molm
-3
With the basicity of the reed field water of soda type salinized reed wetland with 2molm
-3For tolerance is divided into 10 gradient: a
G1=a
b=2.41molm
-3, a
G2=a
b+ 2=2.41+2=4.41molm
-3..., a
Gn=a
b+ 2 (n-1)=a
b+ 2 (10-1)=24.1molm
-3
The crab kind is cultivated the basicity a of Chi Shui
Gn=24.1molm
-3Be close to the basicity of the reed field water of soda type salinized reed wetland and equate;
3. the preparation of crab kind domestication pond base water
Cultivate the K of Chi Shui with the crab kind of Proterozoic Liaoning, offshore area Panjin
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Mass concentration be the mass of ion concentration preparation standard of the crab kind domestication Chi Shui on basis, compound method is:
At area is 1hm
2, but the domestication of the crab kind of retaining degree of depth 2.0m adds no chlorine running water 2500m in the pond
3, add NaCl, KCl, the MgSO that has dissolved then respectively
46H
2O and CaCl
22H
2O, the addition of all ingredients is calculated as follows:
m
i＝2.5×[a
g(c
f-c
b)+a
f?c
b-a
b?c
f]/(a
f-a
b)
In the formula, m
iAddition kg for all ingredients; a
g, c
f, c
bBe respectively the saline and alkaline water ion mass concentration gm of reed field of basicity, the soda type salinized reed wetland of domestication gradient
-3Cultivate the mass of ion concentration gm of Chi Shui with the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic
-3See table 2 for details:
Table 2 base water preparation result
Annotate: the crab kind is cultivated the crab kind cultivation Chi Shui that Chi Shui is Proterozoic Liaoning, offshore area Panjin; The base water of preparation is crab kind domestication Chi Shui.
4. the input of domestication crab kind
Crab kind to be tamed is dropped into crab kind domestication Chi Shuizhong, and wherein, the basic basicity that the crab kind is cultivated Chi Shui is a
b=2.41molm
-3, the crab kind quantity of each domestication is at 1000～1500kg/hm
2
5. domestication speed
After crab kind to be tamed drops in the water of crab kind domestication pond, with a
G1=a
b=2.41molm
-3Be the basis, every at a distance from the salt buck of 12h in the reed field of 1 soda type salinized reed wetland of crab kind domestication pond interpolation, improve basicity 2molm at every turn
-3Reaching last domestication gradient when the basicity in crab kind domestication pond is a
Gn=a
b+ 2 (n-1)=24.1molm
-3The time, stopping to add water, the crab kind can be caught out the reed field of directly putting into the soda type salinized reed wetland after in this crab kind domestication pond water environment, continuing to adapt to 24h, gets into the aquaculture management stage;
The quantity of the salt buck of the reed field of each interpolation soda type salinized reed wetland is calculated as follows:
V＝2500×[(a
g-a
b)/(a
f-a
g)]
In the formula, V is the volume amount m of the salt buck in each reed field of adding the soda type salinized reed wetland
-3a
g, c
f, c
bBe respectively the saline and alkaline water ion mass concentration gm of reed field of basicity, the soda type salinized reed wetland of domestication gradient
-3Mass of ion concentration gm with crab kind cultivation Chi Shui
-3
The basicity graded value of domestication water is seen table 3 in the domestication process
The basicity graded value (molm of domestication water in the table 3 domestication process
-3)
In the present embodiment, the crab kind of putting usefulness in a suitable place to breed all from Liaoning Panjin buy, average specification is 3～6g/ crab kind (being commonly called as the button crab) only, be transported to experimental field after, adopt method of the present invention, through 5～7 days domestication, Panjin crab kind was cultivated the basicity 2.41molm of Chi Shui
-3, the water environment basicity 24.29molm of domestication district salinized reed wetland
-3, its survival rate is 87.49%.
Adopt method of the present invention not only to obtain comparatively ideal domestication survival rate, and it can also be seen that from table 2 and table 3, the base water of artificial preparation and crab are cultivated the ion concentration mean error of Chi Shui about ± 15%; In the domestication process mean error of basicity graded design load and the measured value of domestication water be lower than ± 10%.Therefore, the domesticating method of ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland crab kind of the present invention is feasible.
Claims (1)
1. the domesticating method of an ecologically breeding river crabs in soda type salinized reed wetland crab kind is characterized in that step and condition are following:
(1). the water-quality test analysis
The saline and alkaline water of the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic being cultivated the reed field of Chi Shui and soda type salinized reed wetland carries out test analysis respectively, and the mensuration project comprises: K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Mass concentration and basicity;
(2). confirm domestication index and domestication gradient
With the basicity of the salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland as crab kind domestication index; According to Analysis Results of Water Quality; Cultivate the basic basicity of the basicity of Chi Shui as domestication with the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic, with the basicity of the salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland with 2molm
-3For tolerance is divided into n gradient, on basic basicity, the basicity of each domestication gradient is equal to basic basicity and adds 2molm
-3, that is:
a
g1＝a
b，a
g2＝a
b+2，a
g3＝a
b+4，…，a
gn＝a
b+2(n-1)
In the formula, a
g, a
bBe respectively the basicity and the basic basicity of domestication gradient; I=1,2,3 ..., n, wherein, a
GnBe approximately equal to the basicity of salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland;
(3). the preparation of crab kind domestication pond base water
With K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+Mass concentration be the mass of ion concentration preparation standard of the crab kind domestication Chi Shui on basis, compound method is:
At area is 1hm
2, but the middle adding of retaining degree of depth 2.0m do not have chlorine running water 2500m
3, add NaCl, KCl, the MgSO that has dissolved then respectively
46H
2O and CaCl
22H
2O, the addition of all ingredients is calculated as follows:
m
i＝2.5×[a
g(c
f-c
b)+a
f?c
b-a
b?c
f]/(a
f-a
b)
In the formula, m
iAddition kg for all ingredients; a
g, c
f, c
bBe respectively the mass of ion concentration gm of salt buck of reed field of basicity, the soda type salinized reed wetland of domestication gradient
-3Cultivate the mass of ion concentration gm of Chi Shui with the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic
-3
(4). the input of domestication crab kind
With crab kind input domestication Chi Shuizhong to be tamed, wherein, the basic basicity that the crab kind of offshore area Proterozoic is cultivated Chi Shui is a
b, the crab kind quantity of each domestication is at 1000～1500kg/hm
2
(5). domestication speed
After crab kind to be tamed drops in the crab kind domestication pond, with a
G1=a
bBe the basis, every salt buck in the reed field of 12h 1 soda type salinized reed wetland of interpolation in crab kind domestication pond improves the about 2molm of basicity at every turn
-3It is a that the basicity of cultivating the pond when the crab kind reaches last domestication gradient
Gn=a
bDuring+2 (n-1), stop to add water, the crab kind can be caught out the reed field of directly putting into the soda type salinized reed wetland after in this crab kind domestication pond water environment, continuing to adapt to 24h, gets into the aquaculture management stage;
The each quantity of adding of the salt buck of the reed field of soda type salinized reed wetland is calculated as follows:
V＝2500×[(a
g-a
b)/(a
f-a
g)]
In the formula, V is the volume amount m of the salt buck in each reed field of adding the soda type salinized reed wetland
-3a
g, c
f, c
bBe respectively the saline and alkaline quality concentration gm of reed field of basicity, the soda type salinized reed wetland of domestication gradient
-3Mass of ion concentration gm with crab kind cultivation Chi Shui
-3
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102051616A CN101869082B (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2010-06-22 | Crab domesticating method for river crab ecologic breeding in soda type salinized reed wetland |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102051616A CN101869082B (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2010-06-22 | Crab domesticating method for river crab ecologic breeding in soda type salinized reed wetland |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101869082A CN101869082A (en) | 2010-10-27 |
| CN101869082B true CN101869082B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN102150632B (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2015-06-24 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water |
| CN102150631B (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of north soda type salinization of soil reed pond 200g big specification ecologically breeding river crabs |
| CN103004651B (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of inland soda type salinized reed marshland reed-fish-shrimp-Eriocheir sinensis complex ecological cultivation |
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| CN1404726A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-03-26 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method for cultivation of fish in carbonate type heavy saline-alkali reed pond |
| CN1857069A (en) * | 2005-04-30 | 2006-11-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Comprehensive developing and utilizing method for fish, reed and rice in soda saline-alkali wetland |
| CN100403884C (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2008-07-23 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Method for breeding river crab |
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