CN102150632B - Method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water - Google Patents
Method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water. By a water measuring acclimatization culture measure, large-scale shrimp postlarvae with higher adaptive capacity are cultured so as to solve the problem of stocking of commercial shrimp postlarvae cultured by the inland soda-type saline-alkali water. On the basis of water testing analysis, shrimp postlarvae culture pond water in primary shrimp places of coastal areas is taken as basic water, a method of adding the inland soda-type saline-alkali water into the basic water, feeding bait and propagating, and optimally regulating water quality is adopted, and an acclimatization culture speed that the alkalinity of the acclimatization culture pond water is improved by 1 mol/m<3> every 12 hours is adopted. By the method, NaCl shrimp postlarvae culture pond water with the alkalinity of 2.94mol/m<3> is changed into NaHCO3 inland soda-type saline-alkali water with the alkalinity of 37.29mol/m<3>, the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei Boone with the average specification of 0.8cm subjected to acclimatization culture for 18 days is 47.36 percent, and the average specification after the acclimatization culture is 2.73cm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to inland Saline-Alkaline Wetlands technical field of aquaculture, relate to a kind of method of acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water.
Technical background
In China " three Norths " and coastal area, be dispersed with abundant saline-alkali water resource.The fishery exploitation of these saline-alkali water resources is utilized, also be only limitted to the relatively strong freshwater fish of the Salt And Alkali Tolerance ability such as bubble marsh waters, lake culturing carps, crucian carp that some salinization and alkalization are lower at present, water surface availability is lower, and most water body is still in uncultivated state, and inefficiencies.Because the freshwater fish kind that can cultivate for exploitation is at present very limited, the seawater shrimps that China's Coastal Areas extensively can have been cultivated move to grow in these inland saline-alkali waters and cultivate, this is to sufficiently and reasonably developing inland saline-alkali water resource, improve water surface resource utilization and economic benefit significant.
Along with the success of extra large shrimp desalination technology, originally can only utilize some marine products shrimps of mariculture, extensively raise in the inland chloride type saline-alkali water of the brackish water at present respectively in coastal area, offshore area and subsurface brine.These breeding water bodies, except the salt content of water quality differ with natural sea-water comparatively large except, the chemical type of water quality, water chemistry ion composition and ratio thereof etc. are all similar to natural sea-water, are namely NaCl type.Even if the inland subsurface brine of offshore area, except K in water environment
+outside concentration is on the low side, other hydrochemistry factors are also substantially identical with natural sea-water, and when cultivating extra large shrimp, as long as suitably add the sylvite such as industrial KCl in water environment, adjustment water environment ion set is proportional, can meet the growth needs of extra large shrimp.
By contrast, be distributed in the soda saline-alkali water in depth area, " three Norths " inland, its hydrochemical type all belongs to NaHCO
3type.Due to away from ocean, this type of water quality ion component composition and ratio thereof and ocean difference very far, although salt content is not high, (rarely exceed 5kg/m
3), but basicity (10 ~ 50mol/m
3) and pH value (9 ~ 10) generally higher, exceeded the accommodation (basicity 2 ~ 3mol/m of natural sea-water of extra large shrimp
3, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.3); The proportion structure of ion composition is also uneven, as Na
+/ K
+be worth obviously higher, Ca
2+, Mg
2+concentration on the low side, thus cause the higher (Na of ion coefficient
+, K
+molar concentration sum and Ca
2+, Mg
2+the ratio of molar concentration sum), offshore area subsurface brine thus also cannot be adopted to cultivate " the ion-select electrode technology " of extra large shrimp.According to experimental observation, body length is that the life span of extra large shrimp seedling in above-mentioned soda saline-alkali water environment of 0.5 ~ 1.0cm is no more than 5min, and from occurring that toxic reaction only has 1 ~ 1.5min the interval time to death, under showing natural conditions, extra large shrimp seedling there is no method and adapts to inland soda saline-alkali water environment.Owing to limiting the many factors of extra large shrimp existence, adopt suitable method to cultivate the stronger large gauge shrimp seedling of enough adaptives capacity to environment, that improves commercial sized prawn cultivation puts survival rate in a suitable place to breed, is develop the fundamental way that inland soda saline-alkali water cultivates extra large shrimp.But have not yet to see relevant research report and patent report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to the water quality difference of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui in inland soda saline-alkali water and Hai Xia original producton location, coastal area, adopt the method for " surveying water acclimatization culture ", extra large shrimp seedling is made to form the adaptability of inland soda saline-alkali water environment, also by regulating water quality and bait of throwing something and feeding, improve extra large shrimp seedling specification, thus reach commercial sized prawn cultivation put requirement in a suitable place to breed.The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of effective acclimatization culture, while the extra large shrimp seedling soil boy structure Adaptive mechanism of promotion, individual specification also increases to some extent, thus obtain adaptable large standard high quality sea shrimp seedling, put problem in a suitable place to breed with the seed solving soda saline-alkali water cultivation commodity sea, inland shrimp.
The method of acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention, its step and condition as follows:
1, water-quality test analysis
Carry out test analysis respectively to the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic and the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district, the project of mensuration comprises: basicity mol/m
3, salt content kg/m
3, pH value, K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+and HCO
3 -mass concentration g/m
3;
2, index and the gradient of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture is determined
Because the variation characteristic of inland soda saline-alkali water Environment-ecological Factors is all closely related with basicity, therefore, (1) is using the index of the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district as extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture; (2) according to the water-quality test analysis result of step 1, using the basicity of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic as the basic basicity of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture, by the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district with 2mol/m
3for tolerance is divided into n gradient, be n gradient of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture, on basic basicity, the basic basicity that the basicity of each acclimatization culture gradient of design is equal to acclimatization culture adds 2mol/m
3, that is:
a
g1＝a
b，a
g2＝a
b+2，a
g3＝a
b+4，…，a
gn＝a
b+2(n-1)
In formula, a
g1, a
g2, a
g3..., a
gnbe respectively the 1st of extra large shrimp seedling the, the 2nd, the 3rd ..., the n-th acclimatization culture gradient basicity mol/m
3; a
bfor the basic basicity mol/m of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
3; Wherein, the basicity a of last 1 gradient of the extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture of design
gnbe approximately equal to the basicity mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3;
3, the base water of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture and process thereof
Using the base water of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic as inland soda saline-alkali water acclimatization culture high-quality sea shrimp seedling; Base water through clarification, after filtration treatment, injection base diameter be 10m, can water-storage depth 1.5m, end liner Polypropylence Sheet circular acclimatization culture pond, the water filling degree of depth is 20 ~ 30cm, stand-by after aeration 48h;
4, the input of extra large shrimp seedling
To treat that the extra large shrimp seedling of acclimatization culture is put in the base water in extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture pond, wherein, the basic basicity a of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic
bbe the basicity of the 1st acclimatization culture gradient, it is 500 ~ 1000 tails/(m that the extra large shrimp seedling of each acclimatization culture throws in density
3water body);
5, the speed of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
Extra large shrimp seedling until acclimatization culture is put into after in the base water in extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture pond, with a
g1=a
bbased on, in domestication pool water, add the inland soda saline-alkali water in 1 acclimatization culture district every 12h, each basicity value improved is about 1mol/m
3; When the basicity of acclimatization culture Chi Shui reaches the basicity of last 1 acclimatization culture gradient, i.e. a
gn=a
btime+2 (n-1), stop adding saline-alkali water, after extra large shrimp seedling continues to adapt to 24h in this acclimatization culture pond, namely water outlet fished for by available shrimp net, and the seed entering into shrimp aquaculture puts the stage in a suitable place to breed;
Each volume amount of adding the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district in the water of acclimatization culture pond can be calculated as follows approx:
V
i＝V
i-1/(a
f-a
gi)
In formula, V
ifor the volume amount m of inland soda saline-alkali water added during from the i-th-1 acclimatization culture gradient to i-th acclimatization culture gradient
3, i=2,3 ..., n; V
i-1the volume amount m of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at the end of being the i-th-1 acclimatization culture gradient
3; a
gibe the basicity mol/m of i-th acclimatization culture gradient
3; a
ffor the basicity mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3;
6, the management of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
(1) bait feeding
During the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, every day throws in 1 artemia nauplii bait to acclimatization culture pond water body, ingests for extra large shrimp seedling, and the quantity of input showed a small surplus as standard with second day;
2) water quality optimizing regulates
During the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, use charger continuously to acclimatization culture pond Aeration in the water, keep the dissolved oxygen content of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at 5g/m
3above, the content of ammoniacal nitrogen is at 0.1 ~ 0.5g/m
3, nitrite nitrogen content is at 0.05 ~ 0.1g/m
3;
The method that water heats put into by employing heating rod, and the temperature of regulation and control acclimatization culture Chi Shui, makes water temperature remain on 25 ~ 28 DEG C;
Dirt bottom timely sucking-off acclimatization culture pond and dead extra large shrimp seedling;
Beneficial effect: the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention, it is the water chemistry feature for inland soda saline-alkali water, by the speed of Reasonable Regulation And Control acclimatization culture, the throwing something and feeding and the aggregate measures of breeding and water quality optimizing regulates of bait, the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district is utilized to carry out " surveying water acclimatization culture ".This method is easy and simple to handle, and effect is better.
Adopt the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention, the extra large shrimp seedling that domestication adopts is Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low (Litopenaeus vannamei), buy from Yingkou, Liaoning, average size 0.8cm, the basicity 2.94mol/m of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area, Yingkou, Liaoning shrimp Proterozoic
3, the basicity 38.78mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3, through the acclimatization culture of 18 days, when the basicity of acclimatization culture Chi Shui reaches 37.29mol/m
3time, the extra large shrimp seedling survival rate 47.36%, average body specification 2.73cm, average daily growth amount 0.107cm of acclimatization culture, average daily progression rate 3.92%, average day progressive increase rate 7.49%.
Adopt method of the present invention not only can obtain comparatively ideal acclimatization culture effect, and it can also be seen that from table 2 and table 3, in acclimatization culture process, the basicity graded design load of acclimatization culture Chi Shui and measured value are from 17 ~ 18mol/m
3start, its mean error is lower than ± 10%, and this is very favourable for inland soda type high salinity water acclimatization culture sea shrimp seedling.Therefore, the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention is feasible.
Adopt the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention, in acclimatization culture process, along with the rising of basicity, the pH value of acclimatization culture Chi Shui, ion coefficient and Na
+/ K
+value also increases, ion concentration and proportion structure thereof are also in continuous change, thus cause the hydrochemistry type of acclimatization culture Chi Shui by the NaCl type of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, initial coastal area shrimp Proterozoic, change the NaHCO of inland soda saline-alkali water gradually into
3type, other Water Factors also gradually transition be the architectural feature of inland soda saline-alkali water, and along with the rising of basicity and pH value, NaHCO
3the water quality characteristic of type is also strengthening gradually, and this main manifestations is (CO
3 2-+ HCO
3 -)/(Ca
2++ Mg
2+) be greater than 1 gradually, thus it is machine-processed to make extra large shrimp seedling define gradually the integrated adaptability of a series of ecological factor such as basicity, pH value, ion coefficient and ion composition and proportion structure thereof in the soda saline-alkali water environment of inland, also the extra large shrimp seedling originally can only living in seawater types water environment is made, be adapted to inland soda saline-alkali water environment gradually, finally realize the transition of its Living Water environment, and by taking the cultivating and managing measure such as suitable bait throwing in and water quality optimizing adjustment, make extra large shrimp seedling while acquisition environmental suitability, individual specification is also significantly increased.Therefore, the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention is feasible.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with the enforcement of Jilin Province's development in science and technology planning item " technical research of soda type saline and alkaline bubble marsh prawn culturing " 20020227-2 and " restoration of the ecosystem of Technique in Western Jilin Province degraded wetland and Rational Utilization Model and technical research " thereof 20080402-1, carry out the test of soda saline-alkali water acclimatization culture high-quality sea, inland shrimp seedling respectively in the ecological experiment station of Technique in Western Jilin Province Daan City OX-heart cover fort Wei Chang and large peace alkali ground of song-Nen plain.
The method of acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water, its step and condition as follows:
1, water-quality test analysis
Carry out test analysis respectively to the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic and the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district, the project of mensuration comprises: basicity mol/m
3, salt content kg/m
3, pH value and K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+, HCO
3 -mass concentration g/m
3; Refer to table 1:
The water-quality test analysis result of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, table 1 coastal area shrimp Proterozoic and the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
Note: " extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui " is the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic; The inland soda saline-alkali water that " soda saline-alkali water " is acclimatization culture district.
2, index and the gradient of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture is determined
Because the variation characteristic of inland soda saline-alkali water Environment-ecological Factors is all closely related with basicity, therefore, using the index of the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district as extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture; According to Analysis Results of Water Quality, using the basicity of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic as the basic basicity of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture, by the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district with 2mol/m
3for tolerance is divided into n gradient, be n gradient of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture, on basic basicity, the basic basicity that the basicity of each acclimatization culture gradient of design is equal to acclimatization culture adds 2mol/m
3, that is:
a
g1＝a
b，a
g2＝a
b+2，a
g3＝a
b+4，…，a
gn＝a
b+2(n-1)
In formula, a
g1, a
g2, a
g3..., a
gnbe respectively the 1st of extra large shrimp seedling the, the 2nd, the 3rd ..., the n-th acclimatization culture gradient basicity mol/m
3; a
bfor the basic basicity mol/m of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
3; Wherein, the basicity a of last 1 gradient of the extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture of design
gnbe approximately equal to the basicity mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3;
In the present embodiment, using the basicity of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area, Yingkou, Liaoning shrimp Proterozoic as the basic basicity of acclimatization culture, basic basicity a
b=2.94mol/m
3;
By the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district with 2mol/m
3for tolerance is divided into 19 gradients, be 19 gradients of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture, on basic basicity, the basic basicity that the basicity of each acclimatization culture gradient of design is equal to acclimatization culture adds 2mol/m
3, that is:
a
g1＝a
b＝2.94mol/m
3，a
g2＝a
b+2(2-1)＝4.94mol/m
3，a
g3＝a
b+2(3-1)＝6.94mol/m
3，…，a
g19＝a
b+2(19-1)＝38.94mol/m
3；
The basicity a of last 1 acclimatization culture gradient of sea shrimp seedling acclimatization culture Chi Shui
g19=38.94mol/m
3with the basicity approximately equal of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district;
3, the base water of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture and process thereof
Using the base water of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic as inland soda saline-alkali water acclimatization culture high-quality sea shrimp seedling, base water is after clarification, filtration treatment, injection base diameter be 10m, can water-storage depth 1.5m, end liner Polypropylence Sheet circular acclimatization culture pond, the water filling degree of depth is 20 ~ 30cm, stand-by after aeration 48h;
4, the input of extra large shrimp seedling
To treat that the extra large shrimp seedling of acclimatization culture is put in the base water in extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture pond, wherein, the basic basicity a of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic
bbe the basicity of the 1st acclimatization culture gradient, it is 500 ~ 1000 tails/m that the extra large shrimp seedling of each acclimatization culture throws in density
3water body;
5, the speed of extra large shrimp seedling environmental suitability domestication
Extra large shrimp seedling until acclimatization culture is put into after in the base water in extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture pond, with a
g1=a
bbased on, in domestication pool water, add the inland soda saline-alkali water in 1 acclimatization culture district every 12h, each basicity value improved is about 1mol/m
3; When the basicity of acclimatization culture Chi Shui reaches the basicity of last 1 acclimatization culture gradient, i.e. a
gn=a
btime+2 (n-1), stop adding saline-alkali water, after extra large shrimp seedling continues to adapt to 24h in this acclimatization culture pond, namely water outlet fished for by available shrimp net, and the seed entering into shrimp aquaculture puts the stage in a suitable place to breed;
Each volume amount of adding the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district in the water of acclimatization culture pond can be calculated as follows approx:
V
i＝V
i-1/(a
f-a
gi)
In formula, V
ifor the volume amount m of inland soda saline-alkali water added during from the i-th-1 acclimatization culture gradient to i-th acclimatization culture gradient
3, i=2,3 ..., n; V
i-1the volume amount m of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at the end of being the i-th-1 acclimatization culture gradient
3; a
gibe the basicity mol/m of i-th acclimatization culture gradient
3; a
ffor the basicity mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3;
In domestication process, the ion composition change of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture Chi Shui is in table 2:
The ion composition change of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture Chi Shui in table 2 domestication process
In domestication process, the basicity graded of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture Chi Shui is in table 3:
Basicity graded (the mol/m of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture Chi Shui in table 3 domestication process
3)
6, the management of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
(1) bait feeding
During the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, artemia nauplii bait of throwing something and feeding; Carry out water quality optimizing adjustment.
During the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, preferred every day throws in 1 artemia nauplii bait to acclimatization culture pond water body, ingests for extra large shrimp seedling, and the quantity of input showed a small surplus as standard with second day;
(2) water quality optimizing regulates
During the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, use charger continuously to acclimatization culture pond Aeration in the water, keep the dissolved oxygen content of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at 5g/m
3above, the content of ammoniacal nitrogen is at 0.1 ~ 0.5g/m
3, nitrite nitrogen content is at 0.05 ~ 0.1g/m
3;
The method that water heats put into by employing heating rod, and the temperature of regulation and control acclimatization culture Chi Shui, makes water temperature remain on 25 ~ 28 DEG C;
Dirt bottom timely sucking-off acclimatization culture pond and dead extra large shrimp seedling;
In the present embodiment, the extra large shrimp seedling of domestication is Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low (Litopenaeus vannamei), buy from Yingkou, Liaoning, average size 0.8cm, after being transported to acclimatization culture district, adopt method of the present invention, the basicity 2.94mol/m of the shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area, Yingkou, Liaoning shrimp Proterozoic
3, the basicity 38.78mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3, through the acclimatization culture of 18 days, when the basicity of acclimatization culture Chi Shui reaches 37.29mol/m
3time, the extra large shrimp seedling survival rate 47.36%, average size 2.73cm, average daily growth amount 0.107mm of acclimatization culture, average daily progression rate 3.92%, average day progressive increase rate 7.49%.
Adopt method of the present invention not only can obtain good acclimatization culture effect, and it can also be seen that from table 2 and table 3, in acclimatization culture process, the basicity graded design load of acclimatization culture Chi Shui and measured value are from 17 ~ 18mol/m
3start, its mean error is lower than ± 10%, and this is very favourable for inland soda type high salinity water acclimatization culture sea shrimp seedling.Therefore, the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention is feasible.
Adopt the method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water of the present invention, in acclimatization culture process, along with the rising of basicity, the pH value of acclimatization culture Chi Shui, ion coefficient and Na
+/ K
+value also increases, ion concentration and proportion structure thereof are also in continuous change, thus cause the hydrochemistry type of acclimatization culture Chi Shui by the NaCl type of the shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, initial coastal area shrimp Proterozoic, change the NaHCO of inland soda saline-alkali water gradually into
3type, other Water Factors also gradually transition be the architectural feature of inland soda saline-alkali water, and along with the rising of basicity and pH value, NaHCO
3the water quality characteristic of type is also strengthening gradually, and this main manifestations is (CO
3 2-+ HCO
3 -)/(Ca
2++ Mg
2+) be greater than 1 gradually, thus it is machine-processed to make extra large shrimp seedling define gradually the integrated adaptability of a series of ecological factor such as basicity, pH value, ion coefficient and ion composition and proportion structure thereof in the soda saline-alkali water environment of inland, also the extra large shrimp seedling originally can only living in seawater types water environment is made, be adapted to inland soda saline-alkali water environment gradually, finally realize the transition of its Living Water environment, and by taking the cultivating and managing measure such as suitable bait throwing in and water quality optimizing adjustment, make extra large shrimp seedling while acquisition environmental suitability, individual specification is also significantly increased.Therefore, the method for inland of the present invention soda saline-alkali water acclimatization culture high-quality sea shrimp seedling is feasible.
Claims (3)
1.
a method for acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water, is characterized in that, step and condition as follows: (1) water-quality test analysis:carry out test analysis respectively to the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic and the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district, the project of mensuration comprises: basicity mol/m
3, salt content kg/m
3, pH value and K
+, Na
+, Ca
2+, Mg
2+, HCO
3 -mass concentration g/m
3;
(2) index and the gradient of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture is determined: because the variation characteristic of inland soda saline-alkali water Environment-ecological Factors is all closely related with basicity, therefore, using the index of the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district as extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture; According to Analysis Results of Water Quality, using the basicity of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic as the basic basicity of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture, by the basicity of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district with 2 mol/m
3for tolerance is divided into
nindividual gradient, is extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
nindividual gradient, on basic basicity, the basicity that the basicity of each acclimatization culture gradient of design is equal to last item acclimatization culture gradient adds 2 mol/m
3, that is:
a g1=
a b,
a g2=
a b+ 2,
a g3=
a b+ 4 ...,
a g
n =
a b +2 (
n-1), in formula,
a g1,
a g2,
a g3...,
a g
n be respectively the 1st of extra large shrimp seedling the, the 2nd, the 3rd ...,
nthe basicity mol/m of individual acclimatization culture gradient
3;
a bfor the basic basicity mol/m of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture
3; Wherein, the basicity of last 1 gradient of the extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture of design
a g
n be approximately equal to the basicity mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3;
(3) base water of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture and process thereof:using the base water of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic as inland soda saline-alkali water acclimatization culture high-quality sea shrimp seedling, base water is after clarification, filtration treatment, injection base diameter be 10m, can water-storage depth 1.5m, end liner Polypropylence Sheet circular acclimatization culture pond, the water filling degree of depth is 20 ~ 30cm, stand-by after aeration 48h;
(4) input of extra large shrimp seedling:to treat that the extra large shrimp seedling of acclimatization culture is put in the base water in extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture pond, wherein, the basic basicity of the extra large shrimp seed rearing Chi Shui of sea, coastal area shrimp Proterozoic
a bbe the basicity of the 1st acclimatization culture gradient, it is 500 ~ 1000 tails/(m that the extra large shrimp seedling of each acclimatization culture throws in density
3water body);
(5) speed of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture:extra large shrimp seedling until acclimatization culture is put into after in the base water in extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture pond, with
a g1=
a bbased on, in domestication pool water, add the inland soda saline-alkali water in 1 acclimatization culture district every 12h, each basicity value improved is about
2mol/m
3; When the basicity of acclimatization culture Chi Shui reaches the basicity of last 1 acclimatization culture gradient, namely
a g
n =
a b +2 (
n-1), time, stop adding saline-alkali water, after extra large shrimp seedling continues adaptation 24 h in this acclimatization culture pond, namely water outlet fished for by available shrimp net, and the seed entering into shrimp aquaculture puts the stage in a suitable place to breed; Each volume amount of adding the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district in the water of acclimatization culture pond can be calculated as follows approx:
v i =
v i-1
/ (
a f-
a g
i ), in formula,
v i for from
i-1 acclimatization culture gradient is to
ithe volume amount m of the inland soda saline-alkali water added during individual acclimatization culture gradient
3,
i=2,3 ...,
n;
v i-1
be
ithe volume amount m of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at the end of-1 acclimatization culture gradient
3;
a g
i be
ithe basicity mol/m of individual acclimatization culture gradient
3;
a ffor the basicity mol/m of the inland soda saline-alkali water in acclimatization culture district
3;
(6) management of extra large shrimp seedling acclimatization culture: (1) bait feedingduring the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, artemia nauplii bait of throwing something and feeding; Carry out water quality optimizing adjustment;
(2) water quality optimizing regulatesduring the acclimatization culture of sea shrimp seedling, use charger continuously to acclimatization culture pond Aeration in the water, keep the dissolved oxygen content of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at 5g/m
3above, the content of ammoniacal nitrogen is at 0.1 ~ 0.5 g/m
3, nitrite nitrogen content is at 0.05 ~ 0.1 g/m
3.
2.
the method of a kind of acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the management of described step (6) acclimatization culture,every day throws in 1 artemia nauplii bait to acclimatization culture pond water body, ingests for extra large shrimp seedling, and the quantity of input showed a small surplus as standard with second day.
3.
the method of a kind of acclimatization culture of shrimp postlarvae by using inland soda-type saline-alkali water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the management of described step (6) acclimatization culture,use charger continuously to acclimatization culture pond Aeration in the water, keep the dissolved oxygen content of acclimatization culture Chi Shui at 5g/m
3above, the content of ammoniacal nitrogen is at 0.1 ~ 0.5 g/m
3, nitrite nitrogen content is at 0.05 ~ 0.1 g/m
3; The method that water heats put into by employing heating rod, and the temperature of regulation and control acclimatization culture Chi Shui, makes water temperature remain on 25 ~ 28 DEG C; Dirt bottom timely sucking-off acclimatization culture pond and dead extra large shrimp seedling.
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| CN108834970B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2021-11-09 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Saline-alkali water quality domestication method for shrimp seedlings of litopenaeus vannamei |
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