CN101863584A - Biological contact oxidation and artificial wetland combined treatment system for grey water of residential area - Google Patents
Biological contact oxidation and artificial wetland combined treatment system for grey water of residential area Download PDFInfo
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- CN101863584A CN101863584A CN201010158914A CN201010158914A CN101863584A CN 101863584 A CN101863584 A CN 101863584A CN 201010158914 A CN201010158914 A CN 201010158914A CN 201010158914 A CN201010158914 A CN 201010158914A CN 101863584 A CN101863584 A CN 101863584A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biological contact oxidation and artificial wetland bioecological combined treatment system for the grey water of a residential area. The system consists of a biological contact oxidation pre-treatment device and an artificial wetland post-treatment device. The system treats the grey water of the residential area and recycles the treated water as the water for landscapes of environment-friendly buildings by using biological contact oxidation and artificial wetland combined technology as the technical core; and the water quality of the outlet water reaches the restrictive control index TN of the standard for landscape recycled water. For the grey water of the residential areas of different concentrations, the system can meet the requirements of the landscape recycling standard on the outlet water by adjusting the operating mode of the combined technology: an intermittent operating mode is used for the grey water of the residential areas of high pollution concentration; a continuous aeration operating mode of low gas-water ratio is used for the grey water of the residential areas of low pollution concentration; the treated grey water can be used as the water for the landscapes of the environment-friendly buildings; and the system has a simple structure and low operating cost and is a practical and feasible technical system for the treatment of the grey water of the residential areas suitable for the conditions of China.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of sewage, be specifically related to a kind of bio-contact oxidation+artificial wetland combined treatment system at the sub-district grey water handing.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of Chinese Urbanization and the raising of resident living level, on the one hand the water drain pipe network that focuses on of sewage be laid to this raising make in newly-built sub-district, set up the scattering sewage treatment device and with treating water on the spot reuse become a kind of important means, and it has good social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit; People make the sub-district water scenery become the important component part of green building sub-district gradually to the corresponding raising that living environment requires on the other hand, and the water scenery dwelling house also more and more is subjected to people's favor.
The sub-district buck typically refers to the sanitary sewage that is not polluted by fecaluria of discharging in residential quarter people's daily life process, mainly comprises between flushing sanitation, sewage such as kitchen washing and bathing.Its water quality and quantity is characterized as: water quality, water yield hour variation coefficient are bigger, and Pollutant levels are lower than municipal effluent usually, and Biodegradability of Wastewater is good, and intractability is less; And, consider to have suitable technical feasibility and very high reuse value because its pollution source is fairly simple from treatment technology and processing cost angle.According to the functional characteristics of sub-district, the reuse direction of sub-district buck mainly is life view miscellaneous waters such as lavatory flushing water, greening irrigation water.
" green building assessment standard " (GB/T 50378) regulation landscape water does not adopt municipal water supply and provides underground water well for oneself and supply water, and when using non-traditional water source, should take the water safety safeguards, and not to HUMAN HEALTH and surrounding environment generation detrimentally affect.Therefore, buck water quality in sub-district should reach " urban sewage reutilization water for scenic environment use water quality " (GB/T 18921-2002) standard.This standard is with respect to " miscellaneous water water quality standard ", and for general middle water technology, restricted index has mainly increased by two of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
When the water purposes was water for scenic environment use in the green building, " the main processing " technique unit should possess the denitrogenation dephosphorizing function, to guarantee to reach " view quality of reused water standard ".But, therefore in advanced treatment, generally do not need to carry out denitrogenation processing because the nitrogen content of buck is very low.
Main sub-district grey water handing technology has both at home and abroad: the materialization processing of artificial-strengthening, biological treatment and natural, ecological processing etc., as biological contact oxidation process, sequencing batch active sludge (the SBR process sequence is as ICEAS, CASS, UNTANK, DAT-IAT, MSBR etc.), biological activated carbon technology (BAC), membrane separation technique, membrane bioreactor (MBR) or the like.
They all have shortcoming and defect separately: " combined domestic sewage treatment facility " that numerous domestic enviromental protection enterprise produces generally all adopts contact oxidation method, that this technology has is easy and simple to handle, do not need returned sluge, advantage such as excess sludge production is low, anti-shock loading, can reach the treatment effect that dephosphorization is denitrogenated by appropriate design, reach the view reuse standard but can not stablize; SBR technology provides the sewage disposal on the time-program(me), concentrated pulling flow type and fully the advantage of hybrid two kinds of technologies avoided its inherent defective simultaneously, its follow-on technology such as cyclic activated sludge system have simply, are suitable for, processing efficiency is high, maintenances is simple, occupation of land province, invest little but be more suitable for being embedded in the processing structures underground entirely; The BAC processing unit is simple, and floor space is little, is easy to realize control fully automatically, and operational management is convenient, compares with traditional coagulation, clarification, filtration process, and this process engineering investment is slightly high, but working cost is lower; Membrane separation technique comprises micro-filtration (MF), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), ultrafiltration (UF), gas-permeable (GP) and reverse osmosis (RO) etc., can operate at normal temperatures, efficient height, technology are simple and pollute light, and in treating processes, need not to add any medicament, water quality after the processing generally can reach the reuse requirement, but power consumption is big, and processing cost is higher, and operational management is cumbersome, and application at home is not very wide at present; MBR technology has that biochemical efficiency height, anti-load impact ability are strong, stable effluent quality, the little sludge discharging period of floor space are long, easily realize advantage such as control automatically, it is the most promising at present reusing sewage treatment technology, but its water outlet is direct reuse after sterilization, even can be back to drinking water source, in the reusing sewage industry of developed country, obtained good application, but the cost height of film own, operating system complexity and running cost are higher, have hindered its application in the sub-district ash water recycling is handled.
More than these methods separately deficiency is all arranged, suitable cell grey water handing and not too all as green building view reuse water.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above existing sub-district grey water handing and be back to the problem that green building view reuse water method and system exists, and to the inapplicability of China's national situation, a kind of bio-contact oxidation+artificial wetland combined treatment system at the sub-district grey water handing is proposed, realize the optimum combination of biological and ecological combined regulating by the load coupling, to the effective stable treated of sub-district buck and as green building view reuse water, not only can bring into play the processing potential of artificial swamp to greatest extent, satisfy the optimum condition of corresponding biological contact oxidation pond, reduce the energy consumption of biological contact oxidation pond simultaneously, realize the biological and ecological water quality and quantity combined regulating of biological contact oxidation process+artificial swamp, treatment effect is subjected to water quality impact little, system is simple, and working cost is low.
A kind of " bio-contact oxidation+artificial swamp " biological and ecological joint processing system at the sub-district buck that the present invention proposes has following content:
Described system is that technological core is handled the sub-district buck with bio-contact oxidation+artificial swamp combination process, the water-in of sub-district buck is located at the bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit, and the water outlet of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit connects the artificial swamp after-treatment device;
Described bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is made up of pond body, filler, support, gas distribution system, Inlet and outlet water device and piping attachment etc.; In the contact tank of upper strata, load filler, bucket is set at the bottom of the pond;
Described artificial swamp after-treatment device constitutes by two sections, and first section is the vertical-flow wetland bed, and second section is that lateral flow type is wetland bed, two sections wetland series operations; The artificial swamp filler recommend to adopt the vertical current constructed wetland bed to select the anaerobism enzyme-catalyzed packing for use, and lateral flow type is wetland bed selects aerobic enzyme-catalyzed packing for use; Serike recommends to select cyperus alternifolius and Canna generalis Bailey in wetland bed;
Described vertical-flow wetland bed is made up of downward multistage (being generally 3～6 grades) vertical-flow wetland of gradient, and wetland bed bottom seals with concrete, and is provided with vertical choking wall in each grade is wetland bed, and aquaporin was stayed in the bottom.The rubble filler that filling 0.5～1.2m is dark in wetland bed, particle diameter is reduced step by step by 25～15mm, and surface plantation emergent.I level wetland is the zone that the easiest generation is stopped up in the whole vertical-flow wetland bed, and adopting particle diameter is the cobble of 20～30mm, and its surface is serike not, divides into blow-down pipe, is beneficial to cleaning.The sub-district buck with the mode of baffling up and down in the vertical-flow wetland bed vertically plug-flow walk;
Described lateral flow type is wetland bed to be made up of multistage gradient downward lateral subsurface flow wetland bed and natural reaeration district; Parallel staggered division plate is set in each lateral subsurface flow wetland bed, separated by spaces in the bed is become the current gallery (each current raceway groove is provided with certain gradient) of S shape, filling rubble or ceramics filling in gallery, and plantation waterplant.Two-stage is linked to each other by the natural reaeration district between wetland bed up and down, and the natural reaeration district is the thin water layer reoxygenation ditch of a level, and current form thickness in ditch be that the turbulent fluctuation of 3～10mm approaches water layer.The sub-district buck is carried out with S shape along continuous straight runs undercurrent in lateral flow type is wetland bed;
Described system in combination technology can realize the biological and ecological water quality and quantity combined regulating optimum combination of bio-contact oxidation+artificial swamp through the load matching relationship that efficiency optimization forms;
The described water outlet BOD of system
5, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen removal effect all can stablize the requirement that reaches view reuse water standard;
Described system handles sub-district ash water recycling effluent quality when landscape water restricted index up to standard is TN;
Described system loading matching relationship is: as sub-district buck process conventional load 0.72kgBOD
5/ m
3Enter artificial swamp again after the catalytic oxidation pre-treatment of d and carry out precision processing, 0.33m/d when 0.50m/d, winter (8 ℃～12 ℃) when the optimum hydraulic load of artificial swamp is summer (30 ℃～36 ℃), summer, the optimized operation hydraulic load ratio with winter was 3: 2, can make stable water outlet reach " view quality of reused water standard ";
The conventional volumetric loading of described system biological catalytic oxidation pretreatment unit is 0.72kgBOD
5/ m
3D, gas-water ratio 5: 1, hydraulic detention time 2h; The hydraulic load of artificial swamp after-treatment device is controlled at 0.25～0.50m/d;
Described system can the requirement of water landscape reuse standard to satisfy by the operation scheme of adjusting combination process at the sub-district buck of different concns; Sub-district buck for higher pollution concentration adopts the mode of intermittent operation to move, and the sub-district buck employing of low pollution concentration is hanged down the mode of gas-water ratio continuous aeration and moves;
Ammonia nitrogen, the BOD of described system biological catalytic oxidation pretreatment unit
5Reach " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB 18918-2002) one-level B etc. the processing target of most of effluent quality index (not containing SS, TN, TP) and mark level, the artificial swamp after-treatment device is removed and is comprised every indexs such as SS, TN, TP, water outlet is mainly as green building view reuse water, and main water-quality guideline reaches the standard-required of " the regeneration water quality standard of urban sewage reutilization water for scenic environment use " (GB/T 18921-2002).
The working process of the above-mentioned biological and ecological joint processing system that the present invention proposes is as follows:
The first step: adopt the inoculation membrane formation mode to start the biological contact oxidation pond pretreatment unit, after 9～11d operation, the microbial film maturation, the biological contact oxidation pond operation tends towards stability, and starts successfully.
Second step: adopt the natural membrane mode to start the artificial swamp after-treatment device, the sub-district buck enters wet land system by biological contact oxidation pond, the vertical-flow wetland bed is connected with lateral flow type is wetland bed, the sub-district buck enter the vertical-flow wetland bed successively and lateral flow type wetland bed, about continuous service 20d, measure COD every three days one time
Cr, the SS value, and record plant-growth situation starts successfully up to wet land system;
The 3rd step: after starting successfully, the water outlet of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is inserted the artificial wet land system after-treatment device, the traffic load by controlling biological contact oxidation pond is to control the operation of wet land system.During operation, adopt the mode of intermittent operation, the sub-district buck of low pollution concentration is adopted the mode of low gas-water ratio continuous aeration for the sub-district buck of higher pollution concentration.The sub-district buck is by bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit, ammonia nitrogen, BOD
5Reach the one-level B mark level of " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB 18918-2002) etc. most of effluent quality index (not containing SS, TN, TP) processing target; The pre-treatment water outlet is carried out precision processing through artificial swamp Ecological Disposal technology again, removes to comprise every indexs such as SS, TN, TP, to reach view reuse water standard, realizes the optimum combination of biological and ecological combined regulating.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is applicable to the sub-district grey water handing and is back to the green building landscape water, bio-contact oxidation+artificial swamp combination process not only can be brought into play the processing potential of artificial swamp to greatest extent, satisfy the optimum condition of corresponding biological contact oxidation pond, can reduce simultaneously the energy consumption of biological contact oxidation pond, realize the biological and ecological water quality and quantity combined regulating of biological contact oxidation process+artificial swamp.There are stability and adaptability preferably in this system to the processing efficiency of sub-district ash water pollutant, sub-district buck at different concns, operation scheme that can be by adjusting combination process the water landscape reuse standard and requires to satisfy: the sub-district buck for higher pollution concentration adopts the mode of intermittent operation to move, and adopts the mode of low gas-water ratio continuous aeration to move to the sub-district buck of low pollution concentration; Can make the green building landscape water after the grey water handing, and system is simple, working cost is low, is a kind of technological system of sub-district grey water handing practical of suitable China's national situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is this treatment system workflow diagram;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit in this treatment system;
Fig. 3 is the floor map of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit in this treatment system;
Fig. 3 A is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 3;
Fig. 3 B is the B-B diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 is the floor map of artificial swamp after-treatment device in this treatment system.
Among the figure: 1-biological contact oxidation pond 2-vertical-flow wetland bed
The wetland bed 4-biological contact oxidation pond of 3-lateral flow type pond body
5-filler 6-support
7-inlet pipe 8-sinks the drum blower fan
9-micropore aeration pipe 10-sub-district buck water inlet pipe
11-pretreatment unit rising pipe (to artificial swamp) 12-shore pipe
13-vertical-flow wetland bed water inlet pipe (from biological contact-oxidation pool)
14-vertical-flow wetland bed rising pipe (wetland bed) to lateral flow type
The wetland bed water inlet pipe of 15-lateral flow type (from the vertical-flow wetland bed)
The wetland bed rising pipe of 16-lateral flow type (to the view reuse)
The vertical choking wall 18-of 17-I level is hung down and is flowed wetland
19-lateral subsurface flow wetland bed 20-natural reaeration district
The 21-division plate
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, this joint processing system comprises bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit and artificial swamp after-treatment device two portions.
1, the structure of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B: its aerating system, sub-district buck water inlet pipe 10, pretreatment unit rising pipe 11 (to artificial swamp) and piping attachments etc. of being made up of pond body 4, filler 5, support 6, inlet pipe 7, heavy drum blower fan 8 and micropore aeration pipe gas distribution system 9 are formed.Wherein, the upper strata contact tank in pond body 4 is provided with contact filler 5, and heavy drum blower fan 8 is set in pond body 4 bottoms, micropore aeration pipe 9 in the connection pool, sub-district buck water inlet pipe 10 is by inserting at the bottom of the pond, and the rising pipe 11 of pretreatment unit is picked out by body top, pond, also is connected to shore pipe 12 in pond body bottom.
2, the structure of artificial swamp after-treatment device is in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 4: constitute by two sections, first section is that 2, the second sections of vertical-flow wetland beds are wetland bed 3, the two sections wetland series operations of lateral flow type.
Vertical-flow wetland bed 2 is made up of downward multistage (being generally 3～6 grades) vertical-flow wetland 18 of gradient, and wetland bed bottom seals with concrete, and is provided with vertical choking wall 17 in each grade is wetland bed, and aquaporin was stayed in the bottom.The rubble filler that filling 0.5～1.2m is dark in wetland bed, particle diameter is reduced step by step by 25～15mm, and surface plantation emergent.I level wetland 18 is zones that the easiest generation is stopped up in the whole vertical-flow wetland bed, and adopting particle diameter is the cobble of 20～30mm, and its surface is serike not, divides into blow-down pipe, is beneficial to cleaning.1 water outlet of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is through sewage running piping 14 and 15 approaching side streamings wetland bed 3.The sub-district buck with the mode of baffling up and down in wetland bed vertically plug-flow walk (referring to the vertical-flow wetland bed section signal 2 of Fig. 1).
Lateral flow type wetland bed 3 is made up of multistage gradient downward lateral subsurface flow wetland bed 19 and natural reaeration district 20; Parallel staggered division plate 21 is set in each lateral subsurface flow wetland bed, separated by spaces in the bed is become the current gallery (each current raceway groove is provided with certain gradient) of S shape, filling rubble or ceramics filling in gallery, and plantation waterplant.Two-stage is linked to each other by natural reaeration district 20 between wetland bed up and down, and natural reaeration district 20 is the thin water layer reoxygenation ditch of a level, and current form thickness in ditch be that the turbulent fluctuation of 3～10mm approaches water layer.The sub-district buck is carried out with S shape along continuous straight runs undercurrent in wetland bed.
Native system load matching relationship is: as sub-district buck process conventional load 0.72kgBOD
5/ m
3Enter the artificial swamp after-treatment device again behind the catalytic oxidation pretreatment unit of d and carry out precision processing, 0.50m/d when the optimum hydraulic load of artificial swamp after-treatment device is summer (30 ℃-36 ℃), 0.33m/d during winter (8 ℃-12 ℃), summer, the optimized operation hydraulic load ratio with winter was 3: 2.
The conventional volumetric loading of described bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is 0.72kgBOD
5/ m
3D, gas-water ratio 5: 1, hydraulic detention time 2h; The hydraulic load of artificial swamp after-treatment device is controlled at 0.25～0.50m/d.
The working process of above-mentioned joint processing system is as follows:
The first step: adopt the inoculation membrane formation mode to start the biological contact oxidation pond pretreatment unit, after 9～11d operation, the microbial film maturation, the biological contact oxidation pond operation tends towards stability, and starts successfully.
Second step: adopt the natural membrane mode to start the artificial swamp after-treatment device, the sub-district buck enters wet land system by biological contact oxidation pond, the vertical-flow wetland bed is connected with lateral flow type is wetland bed, the sub-district buck enter the vertical-flow wetland bed successively and lateral flow type wetland bed, about continuous service 20d, measure COD every three days one time
Cr, the SS value, and record plant-growth situation starts successfully up to wet land system;
The 3rd step: after starting successfully, the water outlet of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is inserted the artificial wet land system after-treatment device, the traffic load by controlling biological contact oxidation pond is to control the operation of wet land system.During operation, adopt the mode of intermittent operation, the sub-district buck of low pollution concentration is adopted the mode of low gas-water ratio continuous aeration for the sub-district buck of higher pollution concentration.
Claims (3)
1. the bio-contact oxidation at the sub-district buck+artificial swamp biological and ecological joint processing system, it is characterized in that: described system is made up of bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit and artificial swamp after-treatment device; It brings into play the processing potential of artificial swamp to greatest extent, satisfy the optimum condition of corresponding biological contact oxidation pond simultaneously, reduce the energy consumption of biological contact oxidation pond, realize the biological and ecological water quality and quantity combined regulating of contact oxidation method+artificial swamp, water outlet reaches view reuse water standard;
The water-in of described sub-district buck is located at bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit front end, and the water outlet of biological contact oxidation pond pretreatment unit connects the artificial swamp after-treatment device;
Described bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit comprises pond body, filler, gas distribution system and inlet tube and outlet tube; Intravital upper strata contact tank is provided with the contact filler in the pond, in pond body bottom heavy drum blower fan, the micropore aeration pipe in the connection pool is set, form aerating system, sub-district buck water inlet pipe inserts at the bottom of by the pond, and the rising pipe of pretreatment unit is picked out by body top, pond, also is connected to shore pipe in pond body bottom;
Described artificial swamp after-treatment device constitutes by two sections, and first section is the vertical-flow wetland bed, and second section is that lateral flow type is wetland bed, two sections wetland series operations;
Described vertical-flow wetland bed is made up of the downward multistage vertical-flow wetland of gradient, and wetland bed bottom seals with concrete, and is provided with vertical choking wall in each grade is wetland bed, and aquaporin was stayed in the bottom.The rubble filler that filling 0.5～1.2m is dark in wetland bed, particle diameter is reduced step by step by 25～15mm, and surface plantation emergent.I level wetland is the zone that the easiest generation is stopped up in the whole vertical-flow wetland bed, and adopting particle diameter is the cobble of 20～30mm, and its surface is serike not, divides into blow-down pipe, is beneficial to cleaning.The sub-district buck with the mode of baffling up and down in the vertical-flow wetland bed vertically plug-flow walk;
Described lateral flow type is wetland bed to be made up of multistage gradient downward lateral subsurface flow wetland bed and natural reaeration district; Parallel staggered division plate is set in each lateral subsurface flow wetland bed, separated by spaces in the bed is become the current gallery of S shape, each current raceway groove is provided with certain gradient, filling rubble or ceramics filling in gallery, and plantation waterplant; Two-stage is linked to each other by the natural reaeration district between wetland bed up and down, and the natural reaeration district is the thin water layer reoxygenation ditch of a level, and current form thickness in ditch be that the turbulent fluctuation of 3～10mm approaches water layer; The sub-district buck is carried out with S shape along continuous straight runs undercurrent in lateral flow type is wetland bed;
The filler of described vertical current constructed wetland bed is selected the anaerobism enzyme-catalyzed packing for use, and the wetland bed filler of lateral flow type is selected aerobic enzyme-catalyzed packing for use, plantation cyperus alternifolius and Canna generalis Bailey plant in wetland bed.
2. " bio-contact oxidation+artificial swamp " according to claim 1 biological and ecological joint processing system is characterized in that:
Promptly be lower than 15mg/L for making sub-district buck water outlet total nitrogen reach view reuse water standard, described system loading matching relationship is: as sub-district buck process conventional load 0.72kgBOD
5/ m
3Enter the artificial swamp after-treatment device again behind the bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit of d and carry out precision processing, 0.50m/d when the optimum hydraulic load of artificial swamp after-treatment device is 30 ℃～36 ℃ of summers, 0.33m/d during 8 ℃～12 ℃ of winters, summer, the optimized operation hydraulic load ratio with winter was 3: 2;
The conventional volumetric loading of described bio-contact oxidation pretreatment unit is 0.72kgBOD
5/ m
3D, gas-water ratio 5: 1, hydraulic detention time 2h; The hydraulic load of artificial swamp after-treatment device is controlled at 0.25～0.50m/d.
3. " bio-contact oxidation+artificial swamp " according to claim 2 biological and ecological joint processing system, it is characterized in that:, can the requirement of water landscape reuse standard to satisfy by the operation scheme of adjusting combination process at the sub-district buck of different concns; Sub-district buck for higher pollution concentration adopts the mode of intermittent operation to move, and the sub-district buck employing of low pollution concentration is hanged down the mode of gas-water ratio continuous aeration and moves.
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