CN110240363A - Villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit and villages and small towns waste water control construction method - Google Patents
Villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit and villages and small towns waste water control construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110240363A CN110240363A CN201910620302.1A CN201910620302A CN110240363A CN 110240363 A CN110240363 A CN 110240363A CN 201910620302 A CN201910620302 A CN 201910620302A CN 110240363 A CN110240363 A CN 110240363A
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/487—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields using high frequency electromagnetic fields, e.g. pulsed electromagnetic fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/727—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation using pure oxygen or oxygen rich gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/023—Reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, OH radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing units, including grille well, sewage conditioning tank, elevator pump, MBR integration apparatus, apparatus for electrochemical treatment, production water self priming pump, clear water reserviors, outlet pipeline, ultraviolet ray disinfector, slush pump, sludge-tank.Meanwhile it disclosing one kind and villages and small towns sewage is collected by grid for villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing method, including (1), and concentrating and be conveyed into MBR integration apparatus；(2) villages and small towns sewage removes most BOD after the aerobic treatment stage in MBR integration apparatus5And SS, and decide whether that installing anaerobism section additional carries out denitrogenation processing according to demand；(3) electrochemical treatments, electrochemical treatments include increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation processing；(4) biochemical treatment；(5) water purification that obtains that treated.In addition, also disclosing a kind of construction method for villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage.In particular it relates to a kind of villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit
And villages and small towns waste water control construction method.
Background technique
Villages and small towns sewage disposal technology continues to use town sewage treatment technology substantially at present.In villages and small towns sewage treatment process
In, common processing technique has: (1) activated sludge process: including traditional activated sludge process, A/O method, A2/O method, oxidation ditch process,
MBR method and SBR method etc..(2) biofilm: including biofilter and contact oxidation method.(3) eco-treatment technology: artificial swamp,
Stabilization pond, land percolation processing etc..Unit area quantity of wastewater effluent and discharge water quality have not small between the villages and small towns of different zones
Difference.In the bigger region of water often referring to urban wastewater treatment, using receiving, pipe centralized collection is unified to village's Sewage Disposal
Disposition；In the common small sized sewage disposal device in the smaller region of water；If residential area environmental carrying capacity it is bigger can be with
Carry out in-site ecological processing.Extensive central treating station generallys use traditional activated sludge process, contact oxidation method, A/O method, A2/O
Method and biological filter process etc., and tertiary treatment is added optionally to control water outlet according to influent quality situation and Effluent criteria
It is up to standard.Small-scale processing can then use integration apparatus according to actual needs, and MBR method, artificial swamp, stabilization pond even pass through
Add Chemical treatment.Sewage treatment can be generally divided into the tertiary treatment stage, and coagulation mainly removes SS, use sand setting
Pond, the methods such as sedimentation basin, usual SS removal rate is up to 70~80%, BOD5It can remove 25~40%.Two stage treatment mainly removes glue
Body and dissolved organic matter, suspended matter commonly use biochemical treatment process, BOD5Removal rate is about 80~90%.The main mesh of tertiary treatment
Be in order to remove organic matter difficult to degrade, fine suspended matter, pathogen and further denitrogenation dephosphorizing, commonly use materialization mode
Processing, removal effect is depending on the process.
Traditional activated sludge process is a kind of method widely applied in the wastewater treatment of villages and small towns, it is for the suitable of water quality and quantity
Answering property is stronger, and can be according to water inlet index flexible setting anaerobic zone and anoxic zone, with the efficiency of biological carbon and phosphorous removal.
Traditional activated sludge process is applied to villages and small towns sewage treatment and mainly has the disadvantage that: taking up a large area, although in village and town land resource
In contrast more abundant, but construction investment is still greatly an important problem, and this is usually used in traditional activated sludge process
In fairly large villages and small towns sewage treatment plant；Operational management personnel requirement is high, if activated sludge process operation is not good at sludge easily occur
Swelling also needs to adjust the factors such as aeration intensity, hydraulic detention time according to water quality and quantity situation in operational process；Fortune
Row is at high cost, and in activated sludge process operational process, aerobic stage needs to be aerated, and excess sludge is typically only capable to stablize dehydration after processing
After transport outward, this also further improves the cost of rural sewage treatment.Biological filter process ceramic grain filter improvement step by step it
Afterwards, have the effect of biochemical treatment and filtration treatment concurrently, to eliminate secondary settling tank, greatly reduce hydraulic detention time and
Civil engineering costs, and further improve hydraulic loading and the adaptability to water quality and quantity.But due to having used haydite
As filtrate, the operation and maintenance cost of biological filter process, investment cost are also higher than traditional activated sludge process, and process is more multiple
Miscellaneous, the requirement such as backwash process for Operation Administration and Maintenance personnel is high.The technique of contact oxidation method is between activated sludge process
And biological filter process is between the two, the characteristics of having activated sludge process and biofilm concurrently, it is low for a long time to be that one kind adapts to
The technique of load operation.Due to using efficient filtrate, contact oxidation method can achieve very high hydraulic loading, for water quality water
The adaptive faculty of amount is very strong, and treatment effect is fine.And due to not needing sludge reflux process provided with biologic packing material,
It is not in the fortuitous event of sludge bulking, sludge yield is not also high, and operation control is also relatively easy, for wanting for operation personnel
Ask very low.The major defect of contact oxidation method is the filler service life generally in 5~10 years, needs to regularly replace, and occupied area
Also bigger compared with Gas biological filter.
Villages and small towns sewage is in the majority with sanitary sewage and breeding wastewater, the waste water based on excrement and urine water and breeding wastewater
Nitrogen and phosphorus content is more than discharge standard, is often needed using A/O method, A2/O method, to waste water addition anaerobism section, anoxic section and nitrifier
And polyP bacteria, by anaerobic nitrification, aerobic denitrification reaches denitrification effect；By anaerobic phosphorus release, aerobic phosphorus absorption reaches dephosphorization effect
Fruit.A/O method, A2/O method major defect be not to be suitable for the excessively high waste water of nitrogen and phosphorus content, and villages and small towns sewage is generally not present this
Class problem.
For small-scale rural sewage treatment, other than standard water discharge, management with it is easy to operate often optimal
The thing first considered.According to the needs being actually discharged, usually seeped using contact oxidation method, A/O method, A2/O method, artificial swamp, soil
Filter and MBR method etc..Artificial swamp is made of water, filtrate and aquatile, has pollution more better than natural bioremediation
Object removal effect builds operation cheaply, and maintenance is simple, with low content of technology, no excess sludge problem, but if design parameter selects
Processing requirement can usually be not achieved with improper.The land percolation processing of sewage, which refers to, utilizes the soil-microorganism-such as farmland, forest land
The terrestrial ecosystems of plant constitution carry out the ecological engineering of comprehensive purifying processing to pollutant；It can be with when applied to country sewage
Well using the nutriment and moisture in country sewage, the recycling of sewage and innoxious is realized.But set timing parameter
Select it is improper easily cause blocking, and land percolation processing has the risk of polluted underground water, for using underground water as irrigation
It need to be used with caution with the region of domestic water.MBR method is that the sewage treatment for replacing secondary settling tank to carry out sludge separation of solid and liquid with ultrafiltration membrane fills
It sets, is the combination of membrane separation technique and activated sludge process.MBR method substantially increases the removal efficiency of pollutant, is discharged water
Matter is good, can be used as recycled water direct reuse.MBR method organic loading is high, and hydraulic detention time is kept completely separate with sludge age, therefore
It shortens the processing time while efficiently removal pollutant, and with ultrafiltration membrane instead of secondary settling tank, treatment facility land occupation
Area very little can also realize that nitrification and denitrification carries out denitrogenation by control dissolved oxygen concentration.But MBR processing there is also
The unstable situation of effluent quality.
Therefore, it needs to develop a kind of villages and small towns sewage disposal technology that can efficiently administer and not will cause secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, specifically including needle the invention discloses the technology for the processing of villages and small towns wastewater efficient
To villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit, processing method and its construction method for main project.The device is easy to operate, is not necessarily to special messenger's value
The sewage disposal device kept can be applied to villages and small towns sewage collecting treatment process.It this method treated waste water high-efficiency and will not make
At secondary pollution.
In order to reach the goals above, the present invention provides the following technical solutions and construction method:
One kind being directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit, including grille well, sewage conditioning tank, MBR integration apparatus, electrification
Learn processing unit, clear water reserviors, sludge-tank；The bottom of the MBR integration apparatus connects sludge-tank, and the bottom of sludge-tank, which connects, takes out
Dredge pump；The grille well and sewage conditioning tank are integrated, and the grille well is located at the top of sewage conditioning tank, the lattice
Inclined grid is equipped in grid well, the sewage conditioning tank is connected to MBR integration apparatus, the MBR integration by elevator pump
The middle and lower part of equipment connects sewage conditioning tank by reflux pump；The connection apparatus for electrochemical treatment of the MBR integration apparatus, institute
It states apparatus for electrochemical treatment and connects clear water reserviors by producing water self priming pump, being connected by backwashing pump for the MBR integration apparatus is clear
Pond；Ultraviolet ray disinfector is also installed on the outlet pipeline of the apparatus for electrochemical treatment and clear water reserviors.
Further, the MBR integration apparatus includes sequentially connected anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, membrane cisterna, institute
It states anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, membrane cisterna to be sequentially connected, the conditioning tank connects anaerobic pond, the anaerobism by elevator pump
It is equipped with blender in pond, anoxic pond, is equipped with aerobic phegma import in the anoxic pond；It is equipped in the aerobic tank, membrane cisterna
Aerating system, the aerating system include blower, check-valves, butterfly valve, aeration tube, and blower passes through check-valves, butterfly valve connection aeration
The bottom of aerobic tank and membrane cisterna is arranged in pipe, the aeration tube；Membrane module is installed, the membrane cisterna passes through backwashing pump in the membrane cisterna
Connect clear water reserviors.
Further, two groups of membrane modules are equipped in the membrane cisterna.
Further, the pipeline between the MBR integration apparatus and apparatus for electrochemical treatment is equipped with electromagnetic wave
Device；Filter is additionally provided on the pipeline.Apply electromagnetic wave in the pipeline of villages and small towns sewage to be processed, induces hydrone and generate altogether
Vibration；The electromagnetic wave is wound on pipeline by the coil being powered and is generated；Coil both ends are connected on the pulse power；The pulse power it is defeated
Power is 660 watts out, and duty ratio is 10%~90%, frequency 1.75kHz.
Further, the apparatus for electrochemical treatment include tank body, inner cylinder, water outlet, oxygen hose, motor, aeration impeller,
Electrode plate, water inlet；It is equipped with inner cylinder in the tank body, forms water stream channel between the tank body and inner cylinder, the one of the tank body
The side wall of side is equipped with water inlet, water outlet, and the tank body other side connects motor；The water inlet is located at impeller side, described
Water outlet is between tank body and inner cylinder；Aeration impeller, oxygen hose are equipped in the inner cylinder, the aeration impeller connects oxygen
Pipe, the oxygen hose connect motor, and the outside of inner cylinder is arranged in the motor；The aeration impeller is equipped with through-hole, described logical
Hole is connected oxygen hose；Electrode plate is equipped in the tank body；The apparatus for electrochemical treatment further includes biochemical reaction room, described
Water outlet is connected to biochemical reaction room.
Further, the biochemical reaction room connects metering pump, and biochemical reaction room bottom is equipped with sewage draining exit；Sewage draining exit
It is equipped with electro-magnetic valve.
Further, 3-5 group is arranged in the electrode plate.
Further, the film fence is inclined in film fence pond.
Further, the grid is inclined in grille well, and the grid is stainless (steel) wire.
Further, the grid includes coarse rack, fine fack twice, and the top of fine fack is arranged in the coarse rack.
Grid be it is fixed, material is stainless (steel) wire, be arranged thickness twice, for remove water inlet in larger pellet suspended matter and float it is miscellaneous
Matter prevents blocking water pump.
Further, the elevator pump is pumped using floating ball lever meter formula.Elevator pump is installed using automatic coupling, maintenance side
Just, the automatic control of pump uses floating ball lever meter, carries out start and stop according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION and preset water level parameter.
Further, the villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit connects PLC control system.
The invention also discloses one kind to be directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing method, comprising the following steps: (1) passes through grid
Villages and small towns sewage is collected, and concentrates and is conveyed into MBR integration apparatus；(2) in MBR integration apparatus villages and small towns sewage by aerobic
Most BOD is removed after the biochemical treatment stage5And SS, and decide whether that installing anaerobism section additional carries out at denitrogenation according to demand
Reason；(3) electrochemical treatments, electrochemical treatments include increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation processing；(4) at biochemistry
Reason；(5) water purification that obtains that treated.
Further, described (3) electrochemical treatments, comprising the following steps:
1) scale inhibition is carried out to sewage: applies electromagnetic wave in the pipeline of villages and small towns sewage to be processed, induces hydrone and generate resonance；
The electromagnetic wave is wound on pipeline by the coil being powered and is generated；Coil both ends are connected on the pulse power；The output of the pulse power
Power is 660 watts, and duty ratio is 10%~90%, frequency 1.75kHz.
2) water handled through step 1) is filtered.
3) water obtained in closed tank to step 2) processing carries out increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation
Processing；
3.1) increasing the step of Dissolved Oxygen in Water is handled includes:
3.1.1 oxygen) is made first, oxygen is passed through in closed tank；
3.1.2) in the intracorporal water of closing tank, blade high speed rotation forms negative pressuren zone；Blade is equipped with through-hole, blade
Interior to be equipped with cavity, cavity is connected to through-hole；Step 3.1.1) obtained oxygen enters in the cavity of blade, and passes through through-hole and enter
Negative pressuren zone；Blade drives water high speed rotation, and oxygen is uniformly cut into minute bubbles by high-speed rotating liquid；
3.2) electrocatalytic oxidation is handled:
Generate a large amount of active groups by the catalytic oxidation process of electrode, active group include superoxide radical, hydroxyl from
By base and H2O2；
H2O——H++OH-
MOx+H2O→MOx(·OH)+H++e-
MOx(·OH)→MOx+1+H++e-
R+MOx(·OH)z→ROz+MOx+z H++ze-
R+MOx+1→RO+MOx
O2+e-——O2 -
O3+e-——O3 -
OH-+H2O——H3O2 -
2NH3+H2O2+O2——N2+4H2O
Wherein: MOx: metal oxide；MOx+1: metal peroxides；R represents organic pollutant；MOx(OH): absorption
The metal oxide of OH；RO: the organic pollutant being oxidized；O2 -: oxygen anion；O3 -: ozone anion；H3O2 -: hydrated hydroxide
Root.
Further, biochemical treatment step includes:
4.1) it is first handled using the water that biological sludge obtains step 3) processing:
Biological sludge includes two class of bacterium and protozoan；Bacterium includes free bacterium, zoogloea and/or trichobacteria；It is former
Raw type of animal includes meat foot class, flagellates, infusorians and/or Siphonata；Thallus controls zoogloea and/or trichobacteria quantity
No more than 20%；The pH value of water is 6.5~8.0, and processing time average out to is for 24 hours；Water temperature maintains 25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, biological sludge
Dosage be 2500mg/L；Adding frequency is to add 1 time for 3 months.Der Pilz meeting when more than 20% in activated sludge
Mass propagation generates expansion, can not effective decomposing organic matter, and easily washed away by water flow in the presence of a large amount of sludge.
4.2) water obtained through step 4.1) processing is handled with beneficial bacterium again:
The probiotics are bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, nitrobacteria and/or leech arc
Bacterium.It is bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria that content is higher, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria
Mass ratio is controlled in 2:1:1；There are also a small amount of saccharomycete, Bdellovibrio, nitrobacteria and/or sulfur bacterias；Water temperature is controlled 25
DEG C~35 DEG C, the processing time is 10min ± 2min.
The invention also discloses a kind of construction methods for villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit, are obtained using construction method
Sewage conditioning tank, clear water reserviors, sludge-tank；Construction method includes following technique: (1) earth work；(2) reinforced bar engineering；(3) template
Engineering；(4) concrete project；(5) full water；(6) decorative engineering；(7) blowdown pipe-networks engineering.
Further, described (1) earth work, comprising the following steps:
1) city's roads should first be carried out for foundation pit, determine excavation width, bracing wire subregion excavation section by section, foundation pit surrounding into
Row slope, the gradient determine that surrounding reserves 1.0m working face and gutter according to design requirement, to guarantee constructing operation safety.
2) earthwork is excavated with excavator, hand fit, destroys substrate soil to avoid damage to disturbance, should be more than substrate absolute altitude
The reserved thick soil of 20~30cm, using manual cleaning.
3) after excavation of foundation pit, drainage measure is carried out, drainage of foundation pit uses gutter, and immersible pump draws water.
4) foundation trench excavates segmentation and carries out, and all shovelings are transported with 10~20T dump truck to designated place, for use in returning
It fills out.
5) by prescribed requirement check of foundation subsoil after foundation pit has been dug, record is performed, foundation pit backfill is returned using mechanical backfill, Local Artificial
It fills out, cal rolling is closely knit.Backfill must not use containing tree root, weeds, Humic Substances soil or muck soil.
6) lift height that bankets is not greater than 250mm, tamps pass 6~8 times, and when compacting is same on the opposite both sides of works
Shi Jinhang.
Further, described (2) reinforced bar engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) prepare material
1.1) reinforcing bar can make its length change because being bent, and bar bending adjusted value: 45 ° are bent into 0.5d；90 ° of bendings
For 2d；135 ° are bent into 2.5d.Reinforcing bar crotch increases length: semicircle crotch is 6.25d, and straight crotch is 3.5d, tiltedly curved
Hook is 4.9d.
1.2) steel bar matching should follow the principle of saving, fill in corresponding charger sheet, and blanking production is carried out according to charger sheet.
1.3) it when stocking up, also needs to consider the additional bar that construction needs.
2) prefabricated and processing
2.1) reinforcing bar is needed according to stock table sort production, and be listed label；Reinforcing bar before use, should by the greasy dirt on its surface,
The dirt removals such as outer skin, iron rust are clean；Before welding, the iron rust at solder joint should be removed completely, and pitted reinforcing bar is stayed after derusting
It must not arbitrarily use.
2.2) bar cutting fracture is regular, must not have phenomena such as shape of a hoof or curved same end, bar cutting length requirement is just
Really, tolerance is ± 10mm.
2.3) beam, column tie-bar must make 135 ° of crotches, and segment length that crotch is straight is 10d.
2.4) formed reinforcing steel bars shape is correct, does not have warpage injustice phenomenon in plane；Crackle is not allow at bar bending point；
Tolerance after bar bending forming: overall length ± 10mm.
3) building base plate steel bar binding
3.1) it before base plate steel bar binding, and should be put by drawing away from, stepping mark snap the line cloth on bed course.
3.2) barricades support of surfacing steel bar is installed on bottom layer of the reinforcing steel, bracket usesReinforcing bar, spacing are 1000 ㎜
Space lattice formula rigid frame composition.The vertically and horizontally spacer bar of surfacing steel bar is bound, and finishes surfacing steel bar on spacer bar
Then stepping mark puts binding surfacing steel bar again.
3.3) base plate steel bar binding is using " along button method ".
4) building siding reinforcing bar is bound
4.1) according to the siding position line on plate face muscle pre-buried fixed steel bars, finish vertical bar stepping mark.
4.2) every 3~6m fixed number endwall plate vertical bar, siding transverse bar stepping mark is finished, then ties up two at the waist of lower part
The positioning of root transverse bar, and vertical bar stepping mark is finished on transverse bar, remaining vertical bar is then tied up, remaining transverse bar is finally tied up.
4.3) siding reinforcing bar should press " twining button method " binding point by point.
4.4) it is supported between double steel bar at quincunx assembling reinforcement, to fix two panels steel mesh spacing, in clad steel
Assembling reinforcement protective layer cushion block on the outside of muscle net, to guarantee protective layer thickness.
Further, described (3) form work engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) for the smooth beauty of pool wall concrete, and meet the inside and outside requirement brushed, constructed based on wooden model, wooden model is main
For bamboo slab rubber or wood-plastic board, lumps of wood back cord.
2) to guarantee that template position is correct and concrete molding, component geometric dimension meets design requirement, and when construction presses 1.5m high
It spends placement layer by layer to consider, because being pumping concrete, ordinary circumstance directly topples over highly small 0.5m in place.
3) pool wall selects stay-boltFirst steel, in length and breadth each 500mm of spacing；Template selects bamboo slab rubber or wood-plastic board,
60 × 100 lumps of wood of stupefied selection in vertical, 300~400mm of spacing, stupefied selection outside templateSteel pipe double joint, spacing 500mm.
It is equipped with siding template component in the pool wall of pond body, is equipped with bottom plate component in the bottom of pond of pond body.
Bottom plate component includes bottom plate wooden model, bottom plate, bottom plate steady brace, bottom plate；The bottom plate setting
Two pieces of bottom plate wooden models are vertically equipped in bottom of pond, the bottom plate, the bottom plate wooden model is equipped with bottom plate, and the bottom plate is also logical
Stiffening plate connecting bottom board wooden model is crossed, is equipped with bottom plate steady brace between two bottom plate wooden models.
Siding template component includes siding wooden model, siding steel pipe, siding template, siding pull rod；The siding template-setup
On the intracorporal side wall in pond, the two sides of the siding template are equipped with siding wooden model, and the outside of the siding wooden model is equipped with siding steel
It manages, siding pull rod is equipped between two siding wooden models, the siding pull rod passes through siding wooden model；The siding template also passes through wall
Slab pipe connects pool wall.
Bottom plate steady brace is consistent with the structure of siding pull rod, and pull rod includes steel plate, chock, steel plate washer, drag link body.It is described
Steel plate is equipped at the center of drag link body, the two sides of the drag link body are respectively equipped with chock, steel plate washer.
Further, described (4) concrete project, comprising the following steps:
1) basic demand
1.1) it by laitance at rubbish in template, construction joint and loosens stone and cleans out, and eliminate ponding.
1.2) cement, sand, stone, additive etc. are qualified on inspection, and sand clay content is not more than 3%；Stone clay content is not more than
1%, needle, sheet stone granule content are not more than 15%.
2) requirement is poured
2.1) when pouring concrete, builder's tracking being arranged, there is carpenter " seeing mould ", bar bender " sees muscle ", and checks safety devices,
Whether the organization of labour is appropriate, and whether template, support, reinforcing bar and built-in fitting etc. are displaced, and go wrong timely solution.
2.2) homogenieity and density of concrete should be controlled when pouring, concrete, no more than 2m, otherwise should be taken anti-from drop height degree
The only measure of concrete laminated segregation.
2.3) 50mm thickness need to first be poured and halve stone concrete or the cement mortar congruent with concrete by pouring the preceding bottom of vertical structure concrete.
2.4) concrete should prevent the non-structural crack that concrete sinks and drying shrinkage generates during pouring and standing, and crack occur and answer
It is modified before final set.
3) it vibrates requirement
3.1) poker vibrator operation will be accomplished to insert slow group fastly, and vibrator distance template should not exceed 150mm, also unsuitable
Against template.
3.2) concrete thickness placement layer by layer thickness control completes seam in 500mm or so before initial set, vibrate upper one layer of concrete when
It should be inserted into lower layer 50~100mm of concrete or so, to eliminate layering gap.
3.3) vibrating time for grasping each slotting point, is not sunk with concrete, not bubbling, subject to the bleeding of surface: vibrator is inserted
Point to arrange it is uniform sequential, insert point spacing be 500mm.
3.4) vibration board vibrating time is subject to concrete surface and slurries uniformly occurs, and advances of just in a row vibrating when vibration is arranged
50mm or so is overlapped, mutually between row to prevent leak-stopping vibration.
4) curing requirements
4.1) concrete water seasoning should carry out in 12h after concrete placings.
4.2) the concrete water seasoning time cannot be less than 7d, have the concrete of seepage resistance demand not less than 14d.
4.3) maintenance number should be determined according to keeping concrete to be in gentle state.
4.4) maintenance water should be identical as mixing water.
Further, described (5) full water, comprising the following steps:
1) closed-water test can be carried out after pond body concrete strength reaches 100%, all reserving holes should be blocked before trying water.
2) water-filling
2.1) water-filling into pond carries out in three times: first time water-filling is the 1/3 of design head, and second of water-filling is to set
Count the 2/3 of the depth of water；Third time is filled with water to design head.
2.2) the water level rate of climb of filling time is no more than 2m/d, adjacent water-filling interval time twice, no less than
24h。
2.3) each water-filling, the water level decreasing value after reading for 24 hours, calculates water percolating capacity, in water filling process and after water-filling,
Make visual examination in reply pond.It was found that water-filling should be stopped when water percolating capacity is excessive.
3) water level detecting
3.1) water level when water-filling, is measured with gauge.
3.2) it is filled with water to design head, when carrying out water percolating capacity definition, using needle water level gauge, measures water level.
3.3) start to carry out the interval time of water percolating capacity definition after being filled with water to design head, it should be not less than for 24 hours.
3.4) interval time between the initial reading and final reading of water level is read, should be for 24 hours.
4) pond water percolating capacity calculates
Q=A1* [E1-E2]/A2
Q-water percolating capacity (L/m2d)
A1-pond water surface area (m2)
Soak the gross area in A2-pond
Needle water level gauge initial reading (mm) in E1-pond
Needle water level gauge final reading (mm) in E2-pond
The calculating of water percolating capacity formula does not consider evaporation capacity.
It, should be in the symmetrical water-filling in structures two sides when the water-filling of filter tank.It should be on inspection if the water percolating capacity in pond is more than 2L/m2d
Measurement is re-started after processing.
Further, described (6) decorative engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) decorative engineering is divided into common plastering and pargeting.The mortar that decorative engineering uses is selected by design requirement, is smeared
It can construct after match ratio and consistency of lime and brick etc. are qualified on inspection.
2) before plastering, dust, stain and the grease stain etc. of the matrix surfaces such as masonry, concrete will remove clean and wetting of sprinkling water.
3) flatness of matrix surface is first checked before wall plastering, and indicates or mark muscle with identical mortar setting of plastering.
Uneven substrate surface pick flat or with 1:3 cement mortar filling-in.
4) coat of plaster of various mortars will prevent quick-drying, Shui Chong, shock and vibration before condensation, take measures after condensation
It prevents from staining and damage.
Further, described (7) the blowdown pipe-networks engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) construction technology
Smooth compacting → the Base with Sand Gravel Cushion of surveying setting-out → mechanical slotting → slot bottom → sand base → Pipe installing → well room masonry,
Banket → closed-water test → backfill rammed earth in plastering → thoracic cavity
2) pipeline and well room construction method
2.1) pipeline foundation is using 20cm Base with Sand Gravel Cushion basis, using coarse sand；When piping foundation construction, slot bottom must not have product
Water, ooze, sand base thickness cannot be less than design code value.
2.2) Pipe installing is by the artificial down tube of mechanical engagement, if special messenger commands crane to lift section by section, lifts pipe centerline
Control use sideline method.Crane avoids causing limes marginis to collapse when lifting stress away from limes marginis at least 2m.
2.3) well room is built, it is desirable that the borehole wall after masonry is smoother, and mortar is full, and ladder firmly installs, and well inside and outside wall uses 1
: 2 cement mortar compaction in layers trowelings.
3) closed-water test
3.1) pipeline and inspection shaft, without ponding in groove, carry out pipeline closed-water test, developmental tube on inspection after acceptance(check)
Section is separated by well spacing.
3.2) pipeline should pour water in advance before closed-water test and impregnate 24 hours, after absorbing water interface and pipe shaft sufficiently again into
Row closed-water test.
3.3) start recording when test head reaches regulation head, observes the water percolating capacity of pipeline, until at the end of observation, no
The moisturizing into test section of disconnected ground keeps test head constant, and water percolating capacity must not exceed code requirement.
4) trench backfill
4.1) after drainage pipeline carries out closed-water test acceptance(check), trench backfill is carried out in time.Backfill is according to maximum dry
Density and optimum moisture content carry out compaction in layers, until reaching the compactness index of code requirement.Banket top plan roasd man
Its compactness is 95%, and it is 90% that top of banketing, which does not plan its compactness of roasd man,.
4.2) trench backfill since tube top basic part within the scope of the above 0.7m of tube top using artificial backfill.From tube bottom
To the trench backfill material within the scope of the above 0.4m of tube top, gravel, middle sand coarse sand using stone fragment, partial size less than 40mm or open
The good matter soil dug out.
4.3) channel bottom must backfill the suitable original soil of fine texture, water content, forbid to backfill rubbish, mud, gravel
Stone, must not backfill the triage for taking sandstone on the spot in groove, all backfills according to different soil properties be respectively adopted layering shakeout,
The methods of compacting, compacting reach the compactness requirement of design code.
4.4) it should be carried out along well room central symmetry when being backfilling and compacted around well room, and not leak rammer, be backfilling and compacted the rear and borehole wall
It is close to.
In the present invention, apparatus control system uses PLC control system, while accomplishing that intelligent remote transmits, it is ensured that system fortune
Market condition real time monitoring.Apparatus control system uses PLC control system, constructs remote monitoring system, realizes sewage treatment facility
Real-time monitoring and control, technical staff's completion in one hour repairing conserve the operation and maintenance system of the daily inspection of personnel, while realizing hand
The intercommunication of machine terminal and supervisory terminal.The core of O&M monitoring system is operation management center, which includes industrial personal computer, monitoring
The hardware constructions such as large screen；The standardization for having the villages such as total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, COD, SS, pH sewage Conventional pollution detectability
Laboratory can carry out the comparison analysis work of sewage correlation Monitoring factors.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present apparatus by constructing reasonable optimization and upgrading to equipment, effectively by anaerobic pond, lack
Oxygen pond, three Chi Heyi of aerobic tank, greatly save land occupation, have degree of integration high, improve treatment effeciency, reduce energy consumption, operation pipe
Manage easy beneficial effect.This method utilizes the mutual cooperation of electrochemical techniques and biochemical treatment, improves the processing energy to waste water
Power additionally uses advanced aeration process and mixed liquor circulating technology, has and saves the energy, reduces energy consumption, improves treatment effect
With the beneficial effect of residual sludge reduction.Wherein, MBR integration apparatus specific activity sludge land occupation reduces 50%, than general
MBR technology land occupation reduces 10%, and ton water takes up an area about 0.3 ㎡；Because using airlift circulation technology, cancel mixed using reflux pump reflux
The traditional technology for closing liquid, greatly reduces energy consumption, and sludge output is the 1/5 of traditional activated sludge process, and about 0.8 yuan of ton water running cost
(with 2000m3/ d estimation)；Airlift circulation membrane bioreactor has overturned the structure technology of traditional first second generation sewage treatment.
Using variable aeration process, then reduce aeration energy consumption 50%.Two technology superpositions make aeration energy consumption be down to conventional MBR aeration energy
25% or so of consumption, new technology ton water consumption are 0.3kWh or so, and miniaturization equipment ton water consumption is 0.4-0.5kWh.By MBR
Technology and electrochemical techniques combine, and effectively improve villages and small towns wastewater treatment effluent quality, to the sustainable benefit of resource regeneration
With new direction is brought, the breakthrough of Chinese sewage disposal technology is realized, international most advanced level has been reached.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention；
MBR integration apparatus structural schematic diagram Fig. 2 of the invention；
Apparatus for electrochemical treatment structural schematic diagram Fig. 3 of the invention；
Fig. 4 excavation of foundation pit schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 bottom plate reinforces schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 siding formwork reinforcement schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 drawbar structure diagram.
Reference signs list: grille well 1, grid 101, sewage conditioning tank 2, MBR integration apparatus 3, electrochemical treatments dress
4, clear water reserviors 5, electromagnetic wave generator 6 are set, water self priming pump 7 is produced, is reflux pump 8, backwashing pump 9, elevator pump 10, sludge-tank 11, ultraviolet
Line sterilizer 12, anaerobic pond 13, anoxic pond 14, aerobic tank 15, membrane cisterna 16, aerating system 17, blower 171, check-valves 172, butterfly
Valve 173, aeration tube 174, membrane module 18, tank body 31, inner cylinder 32, water outlet 33, oxygen hose 34, motor 35, aeration impeller 36, electricity
Pole plate 37, water inlet 38, channel 39；
Base 41, gutter 42, original soil 43, bottom plate wooden model 44,45 bottom plate steady brace 46 of bottom plate, bottom plate 47, wall
Plate wooden model 48, siding steel pipe 49, siding template 50, siding pull rod 51, steel plate 52, chock 53, steel plate washer 54, drag link body 55.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that following specific embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention rather than limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the invention discloses one kind to be directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit, including grille well
1, sewage conditioning tank 2, MBR integration apparatus 3, apparatus for electrochemical treatment 4, clear water reserviors 5, sludge-tank 11；MBR integration apparatus
Bottom connects sludge-tank, and the bottom of sludge-tank connects slush pump；Grille well and sewage conditioning tank are integrated, grid well location
In the top of sewage conditioning tank, inclined grid 101 is equipped in grille well, sewage conditioning tank is connected to MBR mono- by elevator pump 10
The middle and lower part of body equipment, MBR integration apparatus connects sewage conditioning tank by reflux pump 8；The connection electricity of MBR integration apparatus
Chemical processing device, apparatus for electrochemical treatment connect clear water reserviors by producing water self priming pump 7, and MBR integration apparatus passes through backwash
9 connection clear water reserviors of pump；Ultraviolet ray disinfector 12 is also installed on the outlet pipeline of apparatus for electrochemical treatment and clear water reserviors.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, MBR integration apparatus include sequentially connected anaerobic pond 13, anoxic pond 14,
Aerobic tank 15, membrane cisterna 16, anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, membrane cisterna are sequentially connected, and conditioning tank connects anaerobic pond by elevator pump,
It is equipped with blender in anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, is equipped with aerobic phegma import in anoxic pond；Aeration is installed in aerobic tank, membrane cisterna
System 17, aerating system include blower 171, check-valves 172, butterfly valve 173, aeration tube 174, and blower is connected by check-valves, butterfly valve
Aeration tube is connect, the bottom of aerobic tank and membrane cisterna is arranged in aeration tube；Membrane module 18 is installed, membrane cisterna is connected by backwashing pump in membrane cisterna
Clear water reserviors.
In the present embodiment, two groups of membrane modules are equipped in membrane cisterna.
In the present embodiment, the pipeline between MBR integration apparatus and apparatus for electrochemical treatment is equipped with electromagnetic wave
Device 6；Filter is additionally provided on pipeline.Apply electromagnetic wave in the pipeline of villages and small towns sewage to be processed, induces hydrone and generate resonance；
The electromagnetic wave is wound on pipeline by the coil being powered and is generated；Coil both ends are connected on the pulse power；The output of the pulse power
Power is 660 watts, and duty ratio is 10%~90%, frequency 1.75kHz.
As shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, apparatus for electrochemical treatment includes tank body 31, inner cylinder 32, water outlet 33, oxygen
Pipe 34, motor 35, aeration impeller 36, electrode plate 37, water inlet 38；It is equipped with inner cylinder in tank body, forms water between tank body and inner cylinder
Circulation road 39, the side wall of the side of tank body are equipped with water inlet, water outlet, and the tank body other side connects motor；Water inlet is located at impeller
Side, water outlet is between tank body and inner cylinder；Aeration impeller, oxygen hose are equipped in inner cylinder, aeration impeller connects oxygen hose, oxygen
Tracheae connects motor, and the outside of inner cylinder is arranged in motor；Aeration impeller is equipped with through-hole, and through-hole is connected oxygen hose；Tank body
It is interior to be equipped with electrode plate；Apparatus for electrochemical treatment further includes biochemical reaction room, and water outlet is connected to biochemical reaction room.
In the present embodiment, biochemical reaction room connects metering pump, and biochemical reaction room bottom is equipped with sewage draining exit；It is set on sewage draining exit
There is electro-magnetic valve.
In the present embodiment, 3-5 group is arranged in electrode plate.
In the present embodiment, film fence is inclined in film fence pond.
In the present embodiment, grid is inclined in grille well, and grid is stainless (steel) wire.
In the present embodiment, grid includes coarse rack, fine fack twice, and the top of fine fack is arranged in coarse rack.Grid
To be fixed, material is stainless (steel) wire, and thickness twice are arranged, for removing larger pellet suspended matter and floating impurity in water inlet,
Prevent blocking water pump.
In the present embodiment, elevator pump is pumped using floating ball lever meter formula.Elevator pump is installed using automatic coupling, maintenance side
Just, the automatic control of pump uses floating ball lever meter, carries out start and stop according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION and preset water level parameter.
In the present embodiment, wastewater efficient processing unit in villages and small towns connects PLC control system.
Embodiment 2
Using the device of embodiment 1, the high-efficient treatment method of villages and small towns sewage is handled, comprising the following steps: (1) pass through pipeline
Net collects villages and small towns sewage, and concentrates and be conveyed into MBR integration apparatus；(2) villages and small towns sewage passes through in MBR integration apparatus
Oxygen removes most BOD after the biochemical treatment stage5And SS, and decide whether that installing anaerobism section additional carries out at denitrogenation according to demand
Reason；(3) electrochemical treatments, electrochemical treatments include increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation processing；(4) at biochemistry
Reason；(5) water purification that obtains that treated.
(3) electrochemical treatments, comprising the following steps:
1) scale inhibition is carried out to sewage: applies electromagnetic wave in the pipeline of villages and small towns sewage to be processed, induces hydrone and generate resonance；
The electromagnetic wave is wound on pipeline by the coil being powered and is generated；Coil both ends are connected on the pulse power；The output of the pulse power
Power is 660 watts, and duty ratio is 10%~90%, frequency 1.75kHz.
2) water handled through step 1) is filtered.
3) water obtained in closed tank to step 2) processing carries out increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation
Processing；
3.1) increasing the step of Dissolved Oxygen in Water is handled includes:
3.1.1 oxygen) is made first, oxygen is passed through in closed tank；
3.1.2) in the intracorporal water of closing tank, blade high speed rotation forms negative pressuren zone；Blade is equipped with through-hole, blade
Interior to be equipped with cavity, cavity is connected to through-hole；Step 3.1.1) obtained oxygen enters in the cavity of blade, and passes through through-hole and enter
Negative pressuren zone；Blade drives water high speed rotation, and oxygen is uniformly cut into minute bubbles by high-speed rotating liquid.
3.2) electrocatalytic oxidation is handled:
Generate a large amount of active groups by the catalytic oxidation process of electrode, active group include superoxide radical, hydroxyl from
By base and H2O2；
H2O——H++OH-
MOx+H2O→MOx(·OH)+H++e-
MOx(·OH)→MOx+1+H++e-
R+MOx(·OH)z→ROz+MOx+zH++ze-
R+MOx+1→RO+MOx
O2+e-——O2 -
O3+e-——O3 -
OH-+H2O——H3O2 -
2NH3+H2O2+O2——N2+4H2O
Wherein: MOx: metal oxide；MOx+1: metal peroxides；R represents organic pollutant；MOx(OH): absorption
The metal oxide of OH；RO: the organic pollutant being oxidized；O2 -: oxygen anion；O3 -: ozone anion；H3O2 -: hydrated hydroxide
Root.
Biochemical treatment step includes:
4.1) it is first handled using the water that biological sludge obtains step 3) processing:
Biological sludge includes two class of bacterium and protozoan；Bacterium includes free bacterium, zoogloea and/or trichobacteria；It is former
Raw type of animal includes meat foot class, flagellates, infusorians and/or Siphonata；Thallus controls zoogloea and/or trichobacteria quantity
No more than 20%；The pH value of water is 6.5~8.0, and processing time average out to is for 24 hours；Water temperature maintains 25 DEG C ± 3 DEG C, biological sludge
Dosage be 2500mg/L；Adding frequency is to add 1 time for 3 months；Der Pilz meeting when more than 20% in activated sludge
Mass propagation generates expansion, can not effective decomposing organic matter, and easily washed away by water flow in the presence of a large amount of sludge.
4.2) water obtained through step 4.1) processing is handled with beneficial bacterium again:
The probiotics are bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, nitrobacteria and/or leech arc
Bacterium；
Higher content is bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, their mass ratio is controlled in 2:1:1；
There are also a small amount of saccharomycete, Bdellovibrio, nitrobacteria and/or sulfur bacterias etc.；Water temperature control at 25 DEG C~35 DEG C, processing the time be
10min±2min。
Embodiment 3
Villages and small towns sewage is handled using equipment of the invention.Specific operation process is as follows:
For sanitary sewage through grille well (pond), grille well (pond) is interior to be arranged thickness twice grid, floats to remove in water inlet
Or particle suspended impurity, filtered sewage enter sewage conditioning tank, conditioning tank, which primarily serves, adjusts amount of inlet water and equal Hengshui
The effect of matter, grille well (pond), conditioning tank is buried builds jointly, being made of one water tank type or steel concrete according to requirements of the owner difference
Structure is fixed tentatively as Reinforced Concrete Structure in the design.Sewage is lifted into integrated sewage treating apparatus by elevator pump in conditioning tank, dirty
Water passes through after the processing of processing units such as anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, membrane cisterna respectively in integration apparatus, by electricity
Chemical technology processing, by the major pollutants such as COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus norm controlling national standard allow outlet range it
It is interior, water is discharged from pipeline via water self priming pump is produced, ultraviolet ray disinfector is installed on outlet pipeline, to kill in water outlet
Harmful bacteria, standard water discharge drain into owner designated place outside.The excess sludge pump generated in integration apparatus is discharged into sludge-tank,
Sludge concentration and settlement and digests in sludge-tank, and supernatant is back to conditioning tank and handles again together with raw water.Sludge periodically by
Fecal suction truck suction outward transport centralized processing.
A, thick, fine fack
Grid be it is fixed, material is stainless (steel) wire, general that thickness twice are arranged, outstanding for removing larger pellet in water inlet
Floating object and floating impurity prevent blocking water pump.
B, conditioning tank, elevator pump
Conditioning tank is used to guarantee that water quality and water into integrated sewage treating apparatus to be stablized.Conditioning tank configures submersible sewage pump
By the anaerobic pond section of sewage lifting to integrated sewage treating apparatus, elevator pump is installed using automatic coupling, and maintenance is convenient, pump
It automatically controls and uses floating ball lever meter, start and stop are carried out according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION and preset water level parameter.
C, integrated sewage treating apparatus
According to aforementioned sewage quality water and emission request, in conjunction with sewage feature.This is by anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic
The partially synthetic one such as pond and membrane cisterna, each section have corresponding function, are connected with each other between part, and final outflow water is up to standard,
Now it is described below respectively:
The boosted pump of conditioning tank sewage enters anaerobic pond, and sewage will divide greatly under the action of anaerobic pond section anaerobe
Sub- organic impurities is degraded into small-molecule substance, and is reacted with the mixed liquor mixing that aerobic tank reflux comes, and phosphorus is discharged, is had
Phosphorus is inhaled conducive to the excessive of aerobic bacteria in subsequent aerobic tank to achieve the purpose that remove total phosphorus.Sewage submersible agitator promotion under,
Enter from pond one end, and enters anoxic pond from other end outflow.
It after sewage self-flowing enters anoxic pond, is mixed with aerobic phegma, anti-nitration reaction is carried out, in pushing away for submersible agitator
Under dynamic, mixed liquor flows into aerobic tank from the pond body other end.
Combined sewage enters in aerobic tank, and aerobic bottom of pond portion is equipped with aerating system, is uninterruptedly blown by blower 24 hours,
And under robot control system(RCS) control, dissolved oxygen is in most suitable growth of aerobic microorganisms scope of activities in control pond always, in aerobic bacteria
Under the action of, the major pollutants such as COD, BOD are removed, carry out nitration reaction and aerobic phosphorus absorption, and toward anaerobism, anoxic not
Ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are removed during disconnected reflux cycle, aerobic tank sewage flows into membrane cisterna.
Membrane module is installed, bottom installation aeration tube is aerated by blower in the process of running, constantly washes away film in membrane cisterna
Surface prevents sludge bulk deposition in water outlet aspiration procedure from influencing membrane flux and service life in film surface.By producing water certainly
Sucking pump suction formed negative pressure, membrane module by sludge retention in membrane cisterna, to achieve the purpose that mud-water separation.It was operated in self priming pump
Whole process carries out aeration purging in journey, forbids to open self priming pump in the case where not purged.
D, electrochemical treatments technology
Treated, and sewage enters that advanced treating is carried out in electrochemical processing apparatus, separates first with molecular sieve adsorption
Air carries out nitrogen oxygen separating process and oxygen is made, buffered with a storage tank；And then using aeration head in solarization air cell's high speed
Rotation forms negative pressuren zone, so that oxygen is entered negative pressuren zone, oxygen is uniformly cut into minute bubbles by high-speed rotating liquid, then lead to
It crosses high speed rotary presser and forms microbubble, and microbubble is made to keep the output of high speed kinetic energy.
By oxygen, solubility is not influenced micro-nano bubble in water, is not limited by external conditions such as temperature, pressure, can be with
It is stopped for a long time in water body.After micro-nano bubble high speed enters water body, extremely complex change is generated by physical mode of action
Variation is learned, generates a large amount of active oxygen radical, the energy of these active oxygen radicals can be broken covalent between hydrone
Chemistry key connection inside covalent bond, pollutant between key, hydrone and pollutant, makes active oxygen with molecular state and ionic state
Quickly it is dissolved in the water as dissolved oxygen, while the quick oxidative degradation pollutant of various active oxygen radical.This process is degradable
COD (COD) is conducive to degrade in next step.
Electrocatalytic oxidation process: dissolved oxygen concentration increases in water body, is generated by the catalytic oxidation process of electrode a large amount of living
Property group (mainly has superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical free radical, H2O2), the strong oxidizing property of active group can be with sterilization algae removal, degradation
COD。
H2O——H++OH-
MOx+H2O→MOx(·OH)+H++e-
MOx(·OH)→MOx+1+H++e-
R+MOx(·OH)z→ROz+MOx+z H++ze-
R+MOx+1→RO+MOx
O2+e-——O2 -
O3+e-——O3 -
OH-+H2O——H3O2 -
2NH3+H2O2+O2——N2+4H2O
For electrochemical process, to guarantee to be mounted with 3 to 5 group electrodes inside effects devices, and can periodically convert positive and negative
Pole avoids cathode plate surface fouling and reduces working efficiency.
To reinforce generating the efficiency of active oxy group, filler is installed between every group of electrode.Conversion positive and negative anodes are then to use
Conductivity detector, once conductivity is more than that some value just converts automatically.To dissolved oxygen (DO) process of increase, using continuous
More mouthfuls of air-out apparatus, greatly enhance the contact area of oxygen and water.
For tank body, inside is there are one cylinder, it can be achieved that water inlet and water outlet at one end, greatly extend water
Residence time in a device enhances aeration effect and electrochemical catalysis effect.
Tank body water outlet enters a biochemical reaction room, and equipment is automatic past by control cabinet control equipped with a metering pump
Special active probiotics are added in the inside, on the one hand to the organic matter in water of further degrading, eliminate the pollution in waters
Source；On the other hand can also increase the probiotics in water makes water body restore self-purification capacity, fundamentally restores the self-cleaning of water body
Ability.
Cleaning is primary automatically at regular intervals for the sludge of reaction chamber bottom, ensures reaction room effect.Tank base is deposited
In a sewage draining exit, electro-magnetic valve is installed above, by control cabinet control of sewage disposal process.
Excess sludge pump is squeezed into sludge-tank, and sludge is in this concentration and settlement and stores, and bottom of pond portion sets aeration tube with antifouling
Mud anaerobic digestion generates biogas, and sludge oxidation is made to reduce sludge total amount；Thickened sludge is periodically aspirated by dung-cart and is transported outward.Sludge-tank
Top sets supernatant reflux unit, makes supernatant overflow to conditioning tank.
One ultraviolet ray disinfector is installed on outlet pipeline, is discharged into designated position after killing the bacterium in water outlet.
E, long-range and automatic control system
A whole set of sewage disposal system is to continuously run for 24 hours, and each sewage treatment unit is by parameter preset or accomplished continuously or intermittently
The automatic running under the control logic of automatic program.It is taken in case of failure or change is automatically controlled using technique, this is
System can also be transferred to manual control mode at any time, whether with signal designation normal operation.And by installing remote communication module youngster additional,
The operating condition of Sewage Disposal and relevant information can also be sent to remote monitoring center by this system, and operator need to only supervise
Control center can be realized holds sewage treatment station operating condition comprehensively, and the real time data that can be come according to teletransmission is long-range
Adjustment, change system operational parameters, make entire sewage disposal system work according to optimization model.
The system can be managed concentrating at ten up to a hundred sewage treatment stations, and remote control technology makes sewage
Treating stations scene is not necessarily to human attendance, uses manpower and material resources sparingly, saves a large amount of operating costs.
F, anti-corrosion measure
The process pipes such as equipment box, sewage pipe, sludge pipe use stainless steel material or the carbon steel material through preservative treatment,
Aeration tube uses stainless steel tube.
For the service life for extending equipment and structures, equipment pipe is prevented using epoxy resin coating anticorrosive paint
Corruption, bottom two sides spraying three.
G, noise reduction measure
The bigger mainly blower of a whole set of sewage disposal device noise, adopt a series of measures reduces blower thus makes an uproar
Sound.Blower inlet and outlet are all made of muffler and carry out noise reduction first；Vibration isolator is set under blower foundation simultaneously, and in in/out air tube
Upper dress can circumnutate connector to reduce the noise that vibration generates；Noise control processing is carried out to equipment machine room inner wall.It is a series of by this
Measure, the noise outside Sewage Disposal can be down to 50 decibels or less.
It is comprehensive than similar projects and reference books data, water inlet major pollutants index is as follows:
The water inlet major pollutants index of table 1
| Serial number | Project | Numerical value |
| 1 | CODcr | 400mg/L |
| 2 | BOD5 | 200mg/L |
| 3 | Ammonia nitrogen | 35mg/L |
| 4 | Total phosphorus | 3.5mg/L |
| 5 | SS | 200mg/L |
| 6 | pH | 6~9 |
Design effluent quality
According to requiring, determine that designing effluent quality reaches " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-
2002) level-one B standard, major pollutants Con trolling index are as follows:
2 major pollutants Con trolling index of table
| Serial number | Project | Numerical value |
| 1 | CODcr | ≤60mg/L |
| 2 | BOD5 | ≤20mg/L |
| 3 | Ammonia nitrogen | ≤8(15)mg/L |
| 4 | Total phosphorus | ≤1mg/L |
| 5 | SS | ≤20mg/L |
| 6 | pH | 6~9 |
Each operation stage effluent quality and removal effect see the table below:
Each operation stage effluent quality of table 3 and removal effect
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4-Figure 7, it the invention also discloses a kind of construction method for villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit, adopts
Sewage conditioning tank, clear water reserviors, sludge-tank are obtained with construction method；Construction method includes following technique: (1) earth work；(2) steel
Muscle engineering；(3) form work engineering；(4) concrete project；(5) full water；(6) decorative engineering；(7) blowdown pipe-networks engineering.
Wherein, described (1) earth work, comprising the following steps:
1) city's roads should first be carried out for foundation pit, determine excavation width, bracing wire subregion excavation section by section, foundation pit surrounding into
Row slope, the gradient determine that surrounding reserves 1.0m working face and gutter according to design requirement, to guarantee constructing operation safety.
2) earthwork is excavated with excavator, hand fit, destroys substrate soil to avoid damage to disturbance, should be more than substrate absolute altitude
The reserved thick soil of 20~30cm, using manual cleaning.
3) after excavation of foundation pit, drainage measure is carried out, drainage of foundation pit uses gutter, and immersible pump draws water.
4) foundation trench excavates segmentation and carries out, and all shovelings are transported with 10~20T dump truck to designated place, for use in returning
It fills out.
5) by prescribed requirement check of foundation subsoil after foundation pit has been dug, record is performed, foundation pit backfill is returned using mechanical backfill, Local Artificial
It fills out, cal rolling is closely knit.Backfill must not use containing tree root, weeds, Humic Substances soil or muck soil.
6) lift height that bankets is not greater than 250mm, tamps pass 6~8 times, and when compacting is same on the opposite both sides of works
Shi Jinhang.
As shown in figure 4, base 41 is equipped with gutter 42, the soil of the digging in base is backfill original soil 43.
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, institute (2) reinforced bar engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) prepare material
1.1) reinforcing bar can make its length change because being bent, and bar bending adjusted value: 45 ° are bent into 0.5d；90 ° of bendings
For 2d；135 ° are bent into 2.5d.Reinforcing bar crotch increases length: semicircle crotch is 6.25d, and straight crotch is 3.5d, tiltedly curved
Hook is 4.9d.
1.2) steel bar matching should follow the principle of saving, fill in corresponding charger sheet, and blanking production is carried out according to charger sheet.
1.3) it when stocking up, also needs to consider the additional bar that construction needs.
2) prefabricated and processing
2.1) reinforcing bar is needed according to stock table sort production, and be listed label；Reinforcing bar before use, should by the greasy dirt on its surface,
The dirt removals such as outer skin, iron rust are clean；Before welding, the iron rust at solder joint should be removed completely, and pitted reinforcing bar is stayed after derusting
It must not arbitrarily use.
2.2) bar cutting fracture is regular, must not have phenomena such as shape of a hoof or curved same end, bar cutting length requirement is just
Really, tolerance is ± 10mm.
2.3) beam, column tie-bar must make 135 ° of crotches, and segment length that crotch is straight is 10d.
2.4) formed reinforcing steel bars shape is correct, does not have warpage injustice phenomenon in plane；Crackle is not allow at bar bending point；
Tolerance after bar bending forming: overall length ± 10mm.
3) building base plate steel bar binding, such as Fig. 5,
3.1) it before base plate steel bar binding, and should be put by drawing away from, stepping mark snap the line cloth on bed course.
3.2) barricades support of surfacing steel bar is installed on bottom layer of the reinforcing steel, bracket usesReinforcing bar, spacing are 1000 ㎜
Space lattice formula rigid frame composition.The vertically and horizontally spacer bar of surfacing steel bar is bound, and finishes surfacing steel bar on spacer bar
Then stepping mark puts binding surfacing steel bar again.
3.3) base plate steel bar binding is using " along button method ".
4) building siding reinforcing bar is bound, such as Fig. 6,
4.1) according to the siding position line on plate face muscle pre-buried fixed steel bars, finish vertical bar stepping mark.
4.2) every 3~6m fixed number endwall plate vertical bar, siding transverse bar stepping mark is finished, then ties up two at the waist of lower part
The positioning of root transverse bar, and vertical bar stepping mark is finished on transverse bar, remaining vertical bar is then tied up, remaining transverse bar is finally tied up.
4.3) siding reinforcing bar should press " twining button method " binding point by point.
4.4) it is supported between double steel bar at quincunx assembling reinforcement, to fix two panels steel mesh spacing, in clad steel
Assembling reinforcement protective layer cushion block on the outside of muscle net, to guarantee protective layer thickness.
Wherein, described (3) form work engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) for the smooth beauty of pool wall concrete, and meet the inside and outside requirement brushed, constructed based on wooden model, wooden model is main
For bamboo slab rubber or wood-plastic board, lumps of wood back cord.
2) to guarantee that template position is correct and concrete molding, component geometric dimension meets design requirement, and when construction presses 1.5m high
It spends placement layer by layer to consider, because being pumping concrete, ordinary circumstance directly topples over highly small 0.5m in place.
3) pool wall selects stay-boltFirst steel, in length and breadth each 500mm of spacing；Template selects bamboo slab rubber or wood-plastic board,
60 × 100 lumps of wood of stupefied selection in vertical, 300~400mm of spacing, stupefied selection outside templateSteel pipe double joint, spacing 500mm.
It is equipped with siding template component in the pool wall of pond body, is equipped with bottom plate component in the bottom of pond of pond body.
As shown in figure 5, bottom plate component includes bottom plate wooden model 44, bottom plate 45, bottom plate steady brace 46, bottom plate
47；The bottom plate, which is arranged in bottom of pond, the bottom plate, is vertically equipped with two pieces of bottom plate wooden models, sets on the bottom plate wooden model
There is bottom plate, the bottom plate also passes through stiffening plate connecting bottom board wooden model, is equipped with bottom plate steady brace between two bottom plate wooden models.
As shown in fig. 6, siding template component includes siding wooden model 48, siding steel pipe 49, siding template 50, siding pull rod
51；For the siding template-setup on the intracorporal side wall in pond, the two sides of the siding template are equipped with siding wooden model, the siding wood
The outside of mould is equipped with siding steel pipe, and siding pull rod is equipped between two siding wooden models, and the siding pull rod passes through siding wooden model；Institute
It states siding template 50 and pool wall is also connected by siding steel pipe.
As shown in fig. 7, bottom plate steady brace is consistent with the structure of siding pull rod, pull rod includes steel plate 52, chock 53, steel pad
Piece 54, drag link body 55.Steel plate is equipped at the center of the drag link body, the two sides of the drag link body are respectively equipped with chock, steel plate washer.
Wherein, described (4) concrete project, comprising the following steps:
1) basic demand
1.1) it by laitance at rubbish in template, construction joint and loosens stone and cleans out, and eliminate ponding.
1.2) cement, sand, stone, additive etc. are qualified on inspection, and sand clay content is not more than 3%；Stone clay content is not more than
1%, needle, sheet stone granule content are not more than 15%.
2) requirement is poured
2.1) when pouring concrete, builder's tracking being arranged, there is carpenter " seeing mould ", bar bender " sees muscle ", and checks safety devices,
Whether the organization of labour is appropriate, and whether template, support, reinforcing bar and built-in fitting etc. are displaced, and go wrong timely solution.
2.2) homogenieity and density of concrete should be controlled when pouring, concrete, no more than 2m, otherwise should be taken anti-from drop height degree
The only measure of concrete laminated segregation.
2.3) 50mm thickness need to first be poured and halve stone concrete or the cement mortar congruent with concrete by pouring the preceding bottom of vertical structure concrete.
2.4) concrete should prevent the non-structural crack that concrete sinks and drying shrinkage generates during pouring and standing, and crack occur and answer
It is modified before final set.
3) it vibrates requirement
3.1) poker vibrator operation will be accomplished to insert slow group fastly, and vibrator distance template should not exceed 150mm, also unsuitable
Against template.
3.2) concrete thickness placement layer by layer thickness control completes seam in 500mm or so before initial set, vibrate upper one layer of concrete when
It should be inserted into lower layer 50~100mm of concrete or so, to eliminate layering gap.
3.3) vibrating time for grasping each slotting point, is not sunk with concrete, not bubbling, subject to the bleeding of surface: vibrator is inserted
Point to arrange it is uniform sequential, insert point spacing be 500mm.
3.4) vibration board vibrating time is subject to concrete surface and slurries uniformly occurs, and advances of just in a row vibrating when vibration is arranged
50mm or so is overlapped, mutually between row to prevent leak-stopping vibration.
4) curing requirements
4.1) concrete water seasoning should carry out in 12h after concrete placings.
4.2) the concrete water seasoning time cannot be less than 7d, have the concrete of seepage resistance demand not less than 14d.
4.3) maintenance number should be determined according to keeping concrete to be in gentle state.
4.4) maintenance water should be identical as mixing water.
Wherein, described (5) full water, comprising the following steps:
1) closed-water test can be carried out after pond body concrete strength reaches 100%, all reserving holes should be blocked before trying water.
2) water-filling
2.1) water-filling into pond carries out in three times: first time water-filling is the 1/3 of design head, and second of water-filling is to set
Count the 2/3 of the depth of water；Third time is filled with water to design head.
2.2) the water level rate of climb of filling time is no more than 2m/d, adjacent water-filling interval time twice, no less than
24h。
2.3) each water-filling, the water level decreasing value after reading for 24 hours, calculates water percolating capacity, in water filling process and after water-filling,
Make visual examination in reply pond.It was found that water-filling should be stopped when water percolating capacity is excessive.
3) water level detecting
3.1) water level when water-filling, is measured with gauge.
3.2) it is filled with water to design head, when carrying out water percolating capacity definition, using needle water level gauge, measures water level.
3.3) start to carry out the interval time of water percolating capacity definition after being filled with water to design head, it should be not less than for 24 hours.
3.4) interval time between the initial reading and final reading of water level is read, should be for 24 hours.
4) pond water percolating capacity calculates
Q=A1* [E1-E2]/A2
Q-water percolating capacity (L/m2d)
A1-pond water surface area (m2)
Soak the gross area in A2-pond
Needle water level gauge initial reading (mm) in E1-pond
Needle water level gauge final reading (mm) in E2-pond
The calculating of water percolating capacity formula does not consider evaporation capacity.
It, should be in the symmetrical water-filling in structures two sides when the water-filling of filter tank.It should be on inspection if the water percolating capacity in pond is more than 2L/m2d
Measurement is re-started after processing.
Wherein, described (6) decorative engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) decorative engineering is divided into common plastering and pargeting.The mortar that decorative engineering uses is selected by design requirement, is smeared
It can construct after match ratio and consistency of lime and brick etc. are qualified on inspection.
2) before plastering, dust, stain and the grease stain etc. of the matrix surfaces such as masonry, concrete will remove clean and wetting of sprinkling water.
3) flatness of matrix surface is first checked before wall plastering, and indicates or mark muscle with identical mortar setting of plastering.
Uneven substrate surface pick flat or with 1:3 cement mortar filling-in.
4) coat of plaster of various mortars will prevent quick-drying, Shui Chong, shock and vibration before condensation, take measures after condensation
It prevents from staining and damage.
Further, described (7) the blowdown pipe-networks engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) construction technology
Smooth compacting → the Base with Sand Gravel Cushion of surveying setting-out → mechanical slotting → slot bottom → sand base → Pipe installing → well room masonry,
Banket → closed-water test → backfill rammed earth in plastering → thoracic cavity
2) pipeline and well room construction method
2.1) pipeline foundation is using 20cm Base with Sand Gravel Cushion basis, using coarse sand；When piping foundation construction, slot bottom must not have product
Water, ooze, sand base thickness cannot be less than design code value.
2.2) Pipe installing is by the artificial down tube of mechanical engagement, if special messenger commands crane to lift section by section, lifts pipe centerline
Control use sideline method.Crane avoids causing limes marginis to collapse when lifting stress away from limes marginis at least 2m.
2.3) well room is built, it is desirable that the borehole wall after masonry is smoother, and mortar is full, and ladder firmly installs, and well inside and outside wall uses 1
: 2 cement mortar compaction in layers trowelings.
3) closed-water test
3.1) pipeline and inspection shaft, without ponding in groove, carry out pipeline closed-water test, developmental tube on inspection after acceptance(check)
Section is separated by well spacing.
3.2) pipeline should pour water in advance before closed-water test and impregnate 24 hours, after absorbing water interface and pipe shaft sufficiently again into
Row closed-water test.
3.3) start recording when test head reaches regulation head, observes the water percolating capacity of pipeline, until at the end of observation, no
The moisturizing into test section of disconnected ground keeps test head constant, and water percolating capacity must not exceed code requirement.
4) trench backfill
4.1) after drainage pipeline carries out closed-water test acceptance(check), trench backfill is carried out in time.Backfill is according to maximum dry
Density and optimum moisture content carry out compaction in layers, until reaching the compactness index of code requirement.Banket top plan roasd man
Its compactness is 95%, and it is 90% that top of banketing, which does not plan its compactness of roasd man,.
4.2) trench backfill since tube top basic part within the scope of the above 0.7m of tube top using artificial backfill.From tube bottom
To the trench backfill material within the scope of the above 0.4m of tube top, gravel, middle sand coarse sand using stone fragment, partial size less than 40mm or open
The good matter soil dug out.
4.3) channel bottom must backfill the suitable original soil of fine texture, water content, forbid to backfill rubbish, mud, gravel
Stone, must not backfill the triage for taking sandstone on the spot in groove, all backfills according to different soil properties be respectively adopted layering shakeout,
The methods of compacting, compacting reach the compactness requirement of design code.
4.4) it should be carried out along well room central symmetry when being backfilling and compacted around well room, and not leak rammer, be backfilling and compacted the rear and borehole wall
It is close to.
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes
Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit, it is characterised in that: including grille well, sewage conditioning tank, MBR integration
Equipment, apparatus for electrochemical treatment, clear water reserviors, sludge-tank；The bottom of the MBR integration apparatus connects sludge-tank, sludge-tank
Bottom connects slush pump；The grille well and sewage conditioning tank are integrated, and the grille well is located at sewage conditioning tank
Top, the grille well is interior to be equipped with inclined grid, and the sewage conditioning tank passes through elevator pump and is connected to MBR integration apparatus, institute
The middle and lower part for stating MBR integration apparatus connects sewage conditioning tank by reflux pump；The connection electrochemistry of the MBR integration apparatus
Processing unit, the apparatus for electrochemical treatment connect clear water reserviors by producing water self priming pump, and passing through for the MBR integration apparatus is anti-
Wash pump connection clear water reserviors；Ultraviolet ray disinfector is also installed on the outlet pipeline of the apparatus for electrochemical treatment and clear water reserviors.
2. being directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the MBR integration apparatus
Including sequentially connected anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, membrane cisterna, the anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, membrane cisterna successively connect
It connects, the conditioning tank connects anaerobic pond by elevator pump, blender is equipped in the anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, in the anoxic pond
Equipped with aerobic phegma import；Aerating system is installed, the aerating system includes blower, non-return in the aerobic tank, membrane cisterna
Valve, butterfly valve, aeration tube, blower connect aeration tube by check-valves, butterfly valve, and the bottom of aerobic tank and membrane cisterna is arranged in the aeration tube
Portion；Membrane module is installed, the membrane cisterna connects clear water reserviors by backwashing pump in the membrane cisterna.
3. being directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the apparatus for electrochemical treatment
Including tank body, inner cylinder, water outlet, oxygen hose, motor, aeration impeller, electrode plate, water inlet；Inner cylinder, institute are equipped in the tank body
It states and forms water stream channel between tank body and inner cylinder, the side wall of the side of the tank body is equipped with water inlet, water outlet, and the tank body is another
Side connects motor；The water inlet is located at impeller side, and the water outlet is between tank body and inner cylinder；It is set in the inner cylinder
There are aeration impeller, oxygen hose, the aeration impeller connects oxygen hose, and the oxygen hose connects motor, including the motor setting
The outside of cylinder；The aeration impeller is equipped with through-hole, and the through-hole is connected oxygen hose；Electrode plate is equipped in the tank body；
The apparatus for electrochemical treatment further includes biochemical reaction room, and the water outlet is connected to biochemical reaction room.
4. one kind is directed to villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: (1) is collected by grid
Villages and small towns sewage, and concentrate and be conveyed into MBR integration apparatus；(2) villages and small towns sewage passes through aerobic biochemical in MBR integration apparatus
Most BOD is removed after processing stage5And SS, and decide whether that installing anaerobism section additional carries out denitrogenation processing according to demand；(3)
Electrochemical treatments, electrochemical treatments include increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation processing；(4) biochemical treatment；(5)
Water purification of arriving that treated.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the electrochemical treatments the following steps are included:
1) scale inhibition is carried out to sewage: applies electromagnetic wave in the pipeline of villages and small towns sewage to be processed, induces hydrone and generate resonance；
2) water handled through step 1) is filtered；
3) water obtained in closed tank to step 2) processing carries out increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water processing and electrocatalytic oxidation is handled；
3.1) increasing the step of Dissolved Oxygen in Water is handled includes:
3.1.1 oxygen) is made first, oxygen is passed through in closed tank；
3.1.2) in the intracorporal water of closing tank, blade high speed rotation forms negative pressuren zone；Blade is equipped with through-hole, sets in blade
There is cavity, cavity is connected to through-hole；Step 3.1.1) obtained oxygen enters in the cavity of blade, and enters negative pressure by through-hole
Area；Blade drives water high speed rotation, and oxygen is uniformly cut into minute bubbles by high-speed rotating liquid；
3.2) electrocatalytic oxidation is handled:
A large amount of active groups are generated by the catalytic oxidation process of electrode, active group includes superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical free radical
And H2O2；
H2O——H++OH-
MOx+H2O→MOx(·OH)+H++e-
MOx(·OH)→MOx+1+H++e-
R+MOx(·OH)z→ROz+MOx+zH++ze-
R+MOx+1→RO+MOx
O2+e-——O2 -
O3+e-——O3 -
OH-+H2O——H3O2 -
2NH3+H2O2+O2——N2+4H2O
Wherein: MOx: metal oxide；MOx+1: metal peroxides；R represents organic pollutant；MOx(OH): adsorbing OH's
Metal oxide；RO: the organic pollutant being oxidized；O2 -: oxygen anion；O3 -: ozone anion；H3O2 -: hydrated hydroxide root；
The biochemical treatment step includes:
4.1) it is first handled using the water that biological sludge obtains step 3) processing:
Biological sludge includes two class of bacterium and protozoan；Bacterium includes free bacterium, zoogloea and/or trichobacteria；It is primary dynamic
Species type includes meat foot class, flagellates, infusorians and/or Siphonata；
4.2) water obtained through step 4.1) processing is handled with beneficial bacterium again:
The probiotics are bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, nitrobacteria and/or Bdellovibrio.
6. a kind of construction method for villages and small towns wastewater efficient processing unit obtains sewage conditioning tank, clear water using construction method
Pond, sludge-tank；It is characterized by: construction method comprises the following steps that: (1) earth work；(2) reinforced bar engineering；(3) template
Engineering；(4) concrete project；(5) full water；(6) decorative engineering；(7) blowdown pipe-networks engineering.
7. construction method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: (1) earth work, comprising the following steps:
1) city's roads are first carried out for foundation pit, determines that excavation width, bracing wire subregion excavation section by section are put in foundation pit surrounding
Slope, the gradient determine that surrounding reserves 1.0m working face and gutter according to design requirement；
2) earthwork is excavated with excavator, hand fit, and the thick soil of 20~30cm is reserved more than substrate absolute altitude；
3) after excavation of foundation pit, drainage measure is carried out, drainage of foundation pit uses gutter, and immersible pump draws water；
4) foundation trench excavates segmentation and carries out, and all shoveling transports are to designated place, for backfilling；
5) check of foundation subsoil after foundation pit has been dug, foundation pit backfill are backfilled using mechanical backfill, Local Artificial, and cal rolling is closely knit；
6) lift height that bankets is not more than 250mm, tamps pass 6~8 times, when compacting the opposite both sides of works simultaneously into
Row.
8. construction method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: (2) reinforced bar engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) prepare material
1.1) reinforcing bar can make its length change because being bent, and bar bending adjusted value: 45 ° are bent into 0.5d；90 ° are bent into
2d；135 ° are bent into 2.5d；
2) prefabricated and processing
2.1) reinforcing bar is needed according to stock table sort production, and be listed label；Reinforcing bar is before use, by the greasy dirt, outer skin, iron on its surface
The dirt removal that becomes rusty is clean；Before welding, the iron rust at solder joint is removed clean；
2.2) bar cutting fracture is regular, and bar cutting length requirement is correct, and tolerance is ± 10mm；
2.3) beam, column tie-bar must make 135 ° of crotches, and segment length that crotch is straight is 10d；
2.4) formed reinforcing steel bars shape is correct, does not have warpage injustice phenomenon in plane；Crackle is not allow at bar bending point；Reinforcing bar
Tolerance after bending forming: overall length ± 10mm；
3) building base plate steel bar binding
3.1) before base plate steel bar binding, snap the line cloth is away from, stepping mark on bed course, and puts by drawing；
3.2) barricades support of surfacing steel bar is installed on bottom layer of the reinforcing steel, bracket usesReinforcing bar, spacing are the sky of 1000 ㎜
Between latticed frame form；The vertically and horizontally spacer bar of surfacing steel bar is bound, and finishes surfacing steel bar stepping on spacer bar
Mark, then puts binding surfacing steel bar again.
3.3) base plate steel bar binding is using " along button method "；
4) building siding reinforcing bar is bound
4.1) according to the siding position line on plate face muscle pre-buried fixed steel bars, finish vertical bar stepping mark；
4.2) every 3~6m fixed number endwall plate vertical bar, siding transverse bar stepping mark is finished, two cross are then tied up at the waist of lower part
Muscle positioning, and vertical bar stepping mark is finished on transverse bar, remaining vertical bar is then tied up, remaining transverse bar is finally tied up；
4.3) siding reinforcing bar should press " twining button method " binding point by point；
4.4) it is supported between double steel bar at quincunx assembling reinforcement, the assembling reinforcement protective layer pad on the outside of double layer bar
Block.
9. construction method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: (3) form work engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) it is constructed with wooden model；
2) consideration is poured by 1.5m highl stratification when constructing；
3) pool wall selects stay-boltFirst steel, in length and breadth each 500mm of spacing；Template selects bamboo slab rubber or wood-plastic board, vertically
60 × 100 lumps of wood of interior stupefied selection, 300~400mm of spacing, stupefied selection outside templateSteel pipe double joint, spacing 500mm.
10. construction method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: (4) concrete project, comprising the following steps:
1) basic demand
1.1) it by laitance at rubbish in template, construction joint and loosens stone and cleans out, and eliminate ponding；
1.2) cement, sand, stone, additive are qualified on inspection, and sand clay content is not more than 3%；Stone clay content is not more than 1%, needle, piece
Shape stone granule content is not more than 15%；
2) requirement is poured
2.1) homogenieity and density of concrete should be controlled when pouring, concrete is no more than 2m from drop height degree, and otherwise should take prevents concrete point
The measure of leafing analysis；
2.2) the preceding bottom of vertical structure concrete is poured first to pour 50mm thickness and halve stone concrete or the cement mortar congruent with concrete；
2.3) concrete prevents the non-structural crack that concrete sinks and drying shrinkage generates during pouring and standing, and crack occurs before final set
It is modified；
3) it vibrates requirement
3.1) vibrator distance template is not more than 150mm.
3.2) concrete thickness placement layer by layer thickness control completes seam in 500mm before initial set, vibrate upper one layer of concrete when be inserted into lower layer
50~100mm of concrete；
3.3) the slotting point of vibrator will arrange uniform sequential, and inserting point spacing is 500mm；
3.4) vibration board vibrating time is subject to concrete surface and slurries uniformly occurs, advances of just in a row vibrating when vibration, row with arrange
Between mutually overlap 50mm；
4) curing requirements
4.1) concrete water seasoning should carry out in 12h after concrete placings；
4.2) the concrete water seasoning time is not less than 7d, has the concrete of seepage resistance demand not less than 14d；
4.3) maintenance is identical as mixing water with water；
(5) full water, comprising the following steps:
1) closed-water test can be carried out after pond body concrete strength reaches 100%, all reserving holes should be blocked before trying water；
2) water-filling
2.1) water-filling into pond carries out in three times: first time water-filling is the 1/3 of design head, and second of water-filling is design water
Deep 2/3；Third time is filled with water to design head；
2.2) the water level rate of climb of filling time is more than 2m/d, adjacent water-filling interval time twice, not less than for 24 hours；
2.3) each water-filling, the water level decreasing value after reading for 24 hours, calculates water percolating capacity；
3) water level detecting
3.1) water level when water-filling, is measured with gauge；
3.2) it is filled with water to design head, when carrying out water percolating capacity definition, using needle water level gauge, measures water level；
3.3) start to carry out the interval time of water percolating capacity definition after being filled with water to design head, it should be not less than for 24 hours；
3.4) interval time between the initial reading and final reading of water level is read, should be for 24 hours；
4) pond water percolating capacity calculates, and calculation formula is as follows:
Q=A1* [E1-E2]/A2
Wherein: Q-water percolating capacity；A1-pond water surface area；Soak the gross area in A2-pond；In E1-pond at the beginning of needle water level gauge
Reading；Needle water level gauge final reading in E2-pond；
(6) decorative engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) decorative engineering is divided into common plastering and pargeting；
2) before plastering, masonry, the dust of concrete matrix surface, stain and grease stain will remove clean and wetting of sprinkling water；
3) flatness of matrix surface is first checked before wall plastering, and indicates or mark muscle with identical mortar setting of plastering；To not
Flat substrate surface pick flat or with 1:3 cement mortar filling-in；
(7) the blowdown pipe-networks engineering, comprising the following steps:
1) construction technology
Smooth compacting → the Base with Sand Gravel Cushion of surveying setting-out → mechanical slotting → slot bottom → sand base → Pipe installing → well room builds, plasters
Banket → closed-water test → backfill rammed earth in → thoracic cavity
2) pipeline and well room construction method
2.1) pipeline foundation is using 20cm Base with Sand Gravel Cushion basis, using coarse sand；When piping foundation construction, slot bottom must not have ponding,
Ooze, sand base thickness are not less than design code value；
2.2) well room is built, well inside and outside wall uses 1: 2 cement mortar compaction in layers troweling；
3) closed-water test
3.1) pipeline and inspection shaft without ponding in groove, carry out pipeline closed-water test, test section is pressed on inspection after acceptance(check)
Well spacing separates；
3.2) pipeline should pour water in advance before closed-water test and impregnate 24 hours, be closed again after absorbing water interface and pipe shaft sufficiently
Water test；
3.3) start recording when test head reaches regulation head, observes the water percolating capacity of pipeline, until at the end of observation, constantly
The moisturizing into test section keeps test head constant；
4) trench backfill
4.1) after drainage pipeline carries out closed-water test acceptance(check), trench backfill is carried out in time；
4.2) trench backfill since tube top basic part within the scope of the above 0.7m of tube top using artificial backfill；
4.3) all backfills are respectively adopted that layering is shakeout, tamped, debulking methods reach design code according to different soil properties
Compactness requirement；
4.4) it should be carried out along well room central symmetry when being backfilling and compacted around well room, and not leak rammer, be close to after being backfilling and compacted with the borehole wall.
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| CN111039514A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 刁长森 | Integrated domestic sewage ecological cycle application system device and treatment method thereof |
| CN111170577A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-19 | 西安溯源环境科技有限公司 | Integrated equipment for domestic sewage treatment |
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