CN101746922B - Garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system and sewage treatment method - Google Patents
Garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system and sewage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
本发明涉及庭院生活污水处理与回用系统及处理污水的方法。系统包括格网、隔油式调节池、序批式生物膜反应器、过滤罐和紫外消毒器。格网置于隔油式调节池的沉淀室进水口处;隔油式调节池的污水室的出水口通过管路与序批式生物膜反应器的进水口相连通;序批式生物膜反应器的出水口管路与过滤罐的进水口相连通;过滤罐的出水口通过管路与安装有紫外消毒器的储水池相连通。格网拦截固体废弃物;隔油式调节池将油脂类污染物从水中分离;序批式生物膜反应器可以有效去除污水中的有机污染物、氨氮、总悬浮固体等;紫外消毒器进一步去除水中的各种细菌。本发明系统设有浮球式滗水器,实现稳态出水。
The invention relates to a system for treating and reusing courtyard domestic sewage and a method for treating sewage. The system includes a grid, an oil separation regulating tank, a sequencing batch biofilm reactor, a filter tank and an ultraviolet sterilizer. The grid is placed at the water inlet of the sedimentation chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank; the water outlet of the sewage chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank is connected with the water inlet of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor through a pipeline; the sequencing batch biofilm reaction The water outlet pipeline of the filter is connected with the water inlet of the filter tank; the water outlet of the filter tank is connected with the water storage tank installed with the ultraviolet sterilizer through the pipeline. The grid intercepts solid waste; the oil separation adjustment tank separates oily pollutants from the water; the sequencing batch biofilm reactor can effectively remove organic pollutants, ammonia nitrogen, total suspended solids, etc. in sewage; the ultraviolet sterilizer further removes Various bacteria in water. The system of the present invention is provided with a float type water decanter to realize steady state water discharge.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于利用环境工程方法中物化与生物技术处理庭院生活污水的集成技术,特别涉及一种庭院生活污水处理与回用系统及处理污水的方法。The invention belongs to an integrated technology for treating courtyard domestic sewage by using physical, chemical and biological technologies in environmental engineering methods, and in particular relates to a courtyard domestic sewage treatment and reuse system and a method for treating sewage.
背景技术Background technique
传统污水处理往往采用集中式处理方式,即将住户、商店和工厂等不同来源的污水混合在一起,通过排水管网集中输送到某个较大规模的污水处理厂进行统一处理。对于距市政排水管网较远的庭院污水,修建排水收集管网的费用较高。另一方面,我国属水资源缺乏地区,污水回用是缓解水资源不足矛盾的经济有效途径之一。将庭院生活污水就地处理、就近回用,既可使污水得到综合利用,也使处理污水的成本降到最低。Traditional sewage treatment often adopts a centralized treatment method, that is, sewage from different sources such as households, shops, and factories is mixed together, and transported to a large-scale sewage treatment plant through a drainage network for unified treatment. For courtyard sewage that is far away from the municipal drainage pipe network, the cost of constructing the drainage collection pipe network is relatively high. On the other hand, my country is an area lacking in water resources, and sewage reuse is one of the economically effective ways to alleviate the contradiction of water shortage. In-situ treatment of courtyard domestic sewage and nearby reuse can not only make comprehensive utilization of sewage, but also minimize the cost of sewage treatment.
污水分散型处理模式以其布局灵活、施工简单和管理方便等特点,已经在世界各地广泛推广应用。目前,国内外污水分散处理技术在原理上可归为三类:第一类是利用土壤的过滤、植物吸收和微生物分解的原理,习惯叫生态处理系统。常用的有:地下土壤渗滤净化系统、湿地处理系统(人工和自然)等,由于占地面积较大,一般适用于小城镇以及农村地区,如文献《不同深度人工复合生态床处理农村生活污水的比较[J]》;环境科学.2003,24(5)。第二类是以三格式化粪池、沼气池和升流式厌氧污泥床为代表的厌氧处理系统,主要用于处理高浓度有机污水。升流式厌氧污泥床的缺点是污泥量大,使污泥处于流化状态需较大水流流速,维护管理要求较高,如文献《UASB处理猪粪废水启动试验研究[J]》;气象与环境学报.2007,23(2):34-37。第三类是通过动力给污水充氧的好氧生物处理系统,这类处理系统设备紧凑、污染物去除效果好、适用范围广,可用于各种不同类型污水的处理。并可根据对出水的不同要求,与物化方法组合,使出水达到回用标准,对水资源缺乏地区具有很好的节水功效。常用的有:普通活性污泥法、AO法、生物转盘和氧化沟法。The decentralized sewage treatment mode has been widely promoted and applied all over the world due to its flexible layout, simple construction and convenient management. At present, domestic and foreign sewage decentralized treatment technologies can be classified into three categories in principle: the first category is to use the principles of soil filtration, plant absorption and microbial decomposition, which are commonly called ecological treatment systems. Commonly used are: underground soil infiltration purification system, wetland treatment system (artificial and natural), etc., due to the large area, it is generally suitable for small towns and rural areas, such as the literature "different depth artificial compound ecological bed treatment of rural domestic sewage Comparison of [J] "; Environmental Science. 2003, 24 (5). The second category is an anaerobic treatment system represented by three-format septic tanks, biogas digesters and upflow anaerobic sludge beds, which are mainly used to treat high-concentration organic sewage. The disadvantage of the upflow anaerobic sludge bed is that the amount of sludge is large, so that the sludge is in a fluidized state, which requires a large flow rate and high maintenance and management requirements. ; Journal of Meteorology and Environment. 2007, 23(2): 34-37. The third type is an aerobic biological treatment system that oxygenates sewage through power. This type of treatment system has compact equipment, good pollutant removal effects, and a wide range of applications, and can be used for the treatment of various types of sewage. And according to the different requirements for the effluent, it can be combined with physical and chemical methods to make the effluent meet the reuse standard, which has a good water-saving effect for areas lacking water resources. Commonly used are: ordinary activated sludge method, AO method, biological turntable and oxidation ditch method.
SBR法是典型好氧生物工艺,目前应用广泛。其特点是运行稳定、出水水质好、对有机物、氮、磷有较高的去除率,而且反应器结构紧凑、流程简单、自动化程度高、占地少。在宾馆饭店以及一些小型居民区的生活污水处理与回用系统中被广泛应用。但是其本质上属于活性污泥法,运行不当时易发生污泥膨胀,对操作人员有较高的专业要求。The SBR method is a typical aerobic biological process, which is widely used at present. It is characterized by stable operation, good effluent quality, high removal rate of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and the reactor has a compact structure, simple process, high degree of automation, and less land occupation. It is widely used in domestic sewage treatment and reuse systems in hotels, restaurants and some small residential areas. However, it is essentially an activated sludge method, and sludge bulking is prone to occur when it is not operated properly, and it has high professional requirements for operators.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的之一是研发一种抗冲击负荷能力强、占地面积小、操作维护简单的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统,为污水分散处理和回用提供一条经济简便的途径。One of the purposes of the present invention is to develop a garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system with strong impact resistance, small floor space, and simple operation and maintenance, so as to provide an economical and convenient way for decentralized treatment and reuse of sewage.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种应用庭院生活污水处理与回用系统处理污水的方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating sewage using a garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system.
本发明将隔油式调节池、序批式生物膜反应器、过滤和紫外消毒结合集成为环境友好型庭院生活污水处理与回用技术。本发明系统中序批式生物膜反应器属于生物膜法,但对填料设置、排水设备和运行方式进行改进,使之产生良好的挂膜效果,同时浮球式滗水器保证出水水流平稳,上清液得以排出序批式生物膜反应器,间歇式运行方式降低了能耗,节省运行费用。The invention integrates an oil-separating regulating tank, a sequencing batch biofilm reactor, filtration and ultraviolet disinfection into an environment-friendly treatment and reuse technology for domestic sewage in courtyards. The sequence batch type biofilm reactor in the system of the present invention belongs to the biofilm method, but the filler setting, drainage equipment and operation mode are improved to make it produce a good film-hanging effect, and at the same time, the float-type decanter ensures that the effluent water flow is stable, The supernatant can be discharged from the sequencing batch biofilm reactor, and the intermittent operation mode reduces energy consumption and saves operating costs.
本发明系统中的隔油式调节池去除大部分固体悬浮物,同时将油脂类污染物与污水分离开,并调节水质;利用序批式生物膜反应器内填料上形成的生物膜处理污水中的有机污染物,同时去除氨氮和总悬浮固体;利用过滤罐内滤料的过滤作用,进一步去除污水中的固体颗粒,澄清水质;利用紫外消毒器杀灭水中的病源微生物及细菌,深度净化水质,使出水满足不同类型的回用要求。这不仅防止污水造成环境污染,而且实现污水回用,节省了水资源。The oil-separating regulating tank in the system of the present invention removes most of the solid suspended matter, and at the same time separates the grease pollutants from the sewage, and regulates the water quality; utilizes the biofilm formed on the filler in the sequencing batch biofilm reactor to treat the sewage organic pollutants, and remove ammonia nitrogen and total suspended solids at the same time; use the filtration effect of the filter material in the filter tank to further remove solid particles in the sewage and clarify the water quality; use the ultraviolet sterilizer to kill pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria in the water, and deeply purify the water quality , so that the effluent can meet different types of reuse requirements. This not only prevents the sewage from causing environmental pollution, but also realizes the reuse of sewage and saves water resources.
本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统包括格网、池体类似于储水池的隔油式调节池、主体为一容器的序批式生物膜反应器、过滤罐和紫外消毒器等;可参见图1。The garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention includes a grid, a tank body similar to an oil-separated regulating tank of a water storage tank, a sequencing batch biofilm reactor whose main body is a container, a filter tank and an ultraviolet sterilizer, etc.; See Figure 1.
所述的隔油式调节池中有三角溢流堰、隔板;一可拆卸的隔板将隔油式调节池分成两个独立的前沉淀室和后污水室,在位于沉淀室一侧的隔板上方设有三角溢流堰,在三角溢流堰处有排油口;前沉淀室与后污水室通过隔板上的开口相通,污水通过该开口由前沉淀室进入后污水室;在沉淀室的壁上开有进水口,在污水室的壁上开有出水口。There are triangular overflow weirs and partitions in the oil-separating regulating tank; a detachable dividing plate divides the oil-separating regulating tank into two independent front sedimentation chambers and rear sewage chambers. There is a triangular overflow weir above the partition, and there is an oil discharge port at the triangular overflow weir; the front sedimentation chamber and the rear sewage chamber communicate through the opening on the partition, and the sewage enters the rear sewage chamber from the front sedimentation chamber through the opening; A water inlet is opened on the wall of the sedimentation chamber, and a water outlet is opened on the wall of the sewage chamber.
所述的序批式生物膜反应器中有滑道、上填料架、下填料架、浮球式滗水器、穿孔曝气管,结构可参见图2~4。The sequencing batch biofilm reactor includes a slideway, an upper filler frame, a lower filler frame, a float type decanter, and a perforated aeration tube, and the structure can be seen in Figs. 2-4.
在序批式生物膜反应器的壁的上部安装有上填料架,下部安装有下填料架,上填料架与下填料架之间的区域为填料区;在填料区的序批式生物膜反应器的壁上开有出水口(该出水口可根据出水量设置多个);在上填料架上方的序批式生物膜反应器的壁上开有溢流口;在序批式生物膜反应器的底部与下填料架之间的污泥区安装有与序批式生物膜反应器外部曝气设备相连的穿孔曝气管;在穿孔曝气管与下填料架之间的序批式生物膜反应器的壁上开有进水口,在序批式生物膜反应器的底部设有排泥口;所述的滑道固结于上填料架与下填料架之间的序批式生物膜反应器两侧壁上。On the upper part of the wall of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor, an upper packing frame is installed, and a lower packing frame is installed at the bottom, and the area between the upper packing frame and the lower packing frame is the packing area; the sequencing batch biofilm reaction in the packing area There is a water outlet on the wall of the device (the water outlet can be provided with multiple according to the water output); an overflow port is opened on the wall of the sequence batch biofilm reactor above the upper packing frame; in the sequence batch biofilm reaction The sludge area between the bottom of the reactor and the lower packing frame is equipped with a perforated aeration pipe connected to the external aeration equipment of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor; between the perforated aeration pipe and the lower packing frame A water inlet is opened on the wall of the membrane reactor, and a sludge discharge port is provided at the bottom of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor; on both sides of the reactor.
所述的填料区中间有能使浮球式滗水器正常在填料区中移动的空间。There is a space in the middle of the packing area to enable the float decanter to move normally in the packing area.
所述的浮球式滗水器的结构可参见图5、图6,其构成为在一凹形溢流槽的上方设有两个浮球(如塑料浮球),两个浮球分别通过连接物(如铁丝等)与下方的凹形溢流槽连接,凹形溢流槽下方两侧的支撑柱与凹形溢流槽固定连接,两侧支撑柱的另一端分别嵌入序批式生物膜反应器两侧壁上的滑道内;凹形溢流槽通过软管与序批式生物膜反应器壁上的出水口相连通。The structure of the floating ball decanter can be seen in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, and it is constituted to be provided with two floating balls (such as plastic floating balls) above a concave overflow tank, and the two floating balls pass through respectively Connectors (such as iron wire, etc.) are connected to the concave overflow tank below, and the supporting columns on both sides below the concave overflow tank are fixedly connected to the concave overflow tank, and the other ends of the supporting columns on both sides are respectively embedded in the batch type bio The slideway on the two side walls of the membrane reactor; the concave overflow tank communicates with the water outlet on the wall of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor through a hose.
所述的过滤罐中有滤料、穿孔板(带有小孔)、反冲洗管等;所述的穿孔板将过滤罐分成上过滤区,下集水区两个部分,在过滤区中装有滤料,在过滤区上方的过滤罐壁上设有进水口和溢流口,在下集水区的过滤罐壁上设有出水口;与过滤罐外部的反冲洗泵相连通的反冲洗管位于集水区下方;There are filter material, perforated plate (with small holes), backwash pipe, etc. in the filter tank; With filter material, there is a water inlet and overflow port on the filter tank wall above the filter area, and a water outlet on the filter tank wall in the lower catchment area; the backwash pipe connected with the backwash pump outside the filter tank located below a catchment area;
格网置于隔油式调节池的沉淀室进水口处;隔油式调节池的污水室的出水口通过管路与序批式生物膜反应器的进水口相连通;序批式生物膜反应器的出水口管路与过滤罐的进水口相连通;过滤罐的出水口通过管路与安装有紫外消毒器的储水池相连通。The grid is placed at the water inlet of the sedimentation chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank; the water outlet of the sewage chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank is connected with the water inlet of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor through a pipeline; the sequencing batch biofilm reaction The water outlet pipeline of the filter is connected with the water inlet of the filter tank; the water outlet of the filter tank is connected with the water storage tank installed with the ultraviolet sterilizer through the pipeline.
所述的隔板上的开口位于隔板下方靠近隔油式调节池底部处,开口为一个以上;在隔板上的开口处可进一步安装有连通管。The opening on the partition is located below the partition and close to the bottom of the oil-separating regulating tank, and there are more than one opening; a connecting pipe can be further installed at the opening on the partition.
所述的污水室的壁上开有的出水口位于污水室的上方。The water outlet opened on the wall of the sewage chamber is located above the sewage chamber.
所述的污泥区为倒立梯形状。The sludge zone is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid.
所述的填料区中装填有辫帘式纤维填料,其上、下边可分别用铁棍串联,并分别固定于上填料架和下填料架上。The filler area is filled with braided curtain-type fiber fillers, the upper and lower sides of which can be connected in series with iron rods respectively, and fixed on the upper filler frame and the lower filler frame respectively.
所述的滑道为长条形凹槽,保证浮球式滗水器两侧支撑柱可嵌入凹槽内并滑动顺畅,在浮力的作用下浮球式滗水器沿滑道上下滑动,实现自动排水,并保证排出尽可能少的污泥。The slideway is a long groove, which ensures that the support columns on both sides of the float decanter can be embedded in the groove and slide smoothly. Under the action of buoyancy, the float decanter slides up and down along the slideway to realize automatic Drain and ensure that as little sludge as possible is removed.
所述的滤料为石英砂滤料,污水通过进水口,采用跌水方式进入过滤罐。The filter material is quartz sand filter material, and the sewage enters the filter tank through the water inlet by falling water.
所述的序批式生物膜反应器顶部设有盖子,可以滑动并打开,便于检修。The top of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor is provided with a cover, which can be slid and opened for easy maintenance.
本发明应用庭院生活污水处理与回用系统处理污水的方法:The present invention applies the method for treating sewage in the courtyard domestic sewage treatment and reuse system:
污水首先经过格网,固体废弃物被拦截,收集在格网内(定期对格网进行清理);污水然后进入隔油式调节池,经过在隔油式调节池的沉淀室静置沉淀后,粒径较大的固体颗粒得到去除,同时油脂类物质与污水分离开,油脂类物质经三角溢流堰处的排油口排出,污水经过隔板下方的开口进入污水室;开启水泵,将污水室的污水送入序批式生物膜反应器中,关闭水泵,开动曝气设备,通过穿孔曝气管提供氧气,利用填料上形成的生物膜(在有污水及氧的情况下自己产生)降解污水中的有机污染物,同时去除氨氮和总悬浮固体,停止曝气,污水在序批式生物膜反应器内静置沉淀;开启电动阀,污水上清液通过浮球式滗水器排出序批式生物膜反应器,直至液位到达出水口处,关闭电动阀,排水停止;排出的污水在重力作用下跌水进入过滤罐,利用滤料继续过滤总悬浮固体,污水得到进一步净化,开启潜水泵,将过滤后的污水输送至安装有紫外消毒器的储水池,污水中的病源微生物和细菌经过紫外消毒后被杀灭,处理后的水可回用。如经过紫外消毒处理后的水可以用来冲厕和绿化用水。按上面污水处理方法进行周期性重复操作,对全部污水进行处理。The sewage first passes through the grid, and the solid waste is intercepted and collected in the grid (the grid is cleaned regularly); the sewage then enters the oil-separated regulating tank, and after standing and settling in the sedimentation chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank, The solid particles with larger particle size are removed, and the grease and sewage are separated at the same time. The grease is discharged through the oil discharge port at the triangular overflow weir, and the sewage enters the sewage chamber through the opening below the partition; the water pump is turned on to discharge the sewage The sewage in the chamber is sent to the sequencing batch biofilm reactor, the water pump is turned off, the aeration equipment is started, oxygen is provided through the perforated aeration pipe, and the biofilm formed on the filler (generated by itself in the presence of sewage and oxygen) is used for degradation. Organic pollutants in sewage, ammonia nitrogen and total suspended solids are removed at the same time, the aeration is stopped, the sewage is left to settle in the sequencing batch biofilm reactor; the electric valve is opened, and the sewage supernatant is discharged through the float decanter Batch biofilm reactor, until the liquid level reaches the water outlet, close the electric valve, and the drainage stops; the discharged sewage falls into the filter tank under the action of gravity, and the filter material is used to continue to filter the total suspended solids, the sewage is further purified, and the diving is started The pump transports the filtered sewage to the storage tank equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer. The pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria in the sewage are killed after ultraviolet disinfection, and the treated water can be reused. For example, the water after ultraviolet disinfection treatment can be used for toilet flushing and greening water. Perform periodic repeated operations according to the above sewage treatment method to treat all sewage.
过滤罐在用一定时间后,要定期对过滤罐进行反冲洗。反冲洗时关闭进水电动阀和出水潜水泵,开启反冲洗泵,将清水沿反冲洗管从穿孔板下方送入过滤区,冲洗滤料,关闭反冲洗泵,反冲洗过程结束。After the filter tank is used for a certain period of time, the filter tank should be backwashed regularly. When backwashing, close the water inlet electric valve and the water outlet submersible pump, turn on the backwash pump, send clean water from the bottom of the perforated plate along the backwash pipe to the filter area, rinse the filter material, turn off the backwash pump, and the backwash process is over.
本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统具有以下优点:The garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention has the following advantages:
1、将生物处理技术与物化处理技术组合集成,实现污水处理与回用相结合;利用序批式生物膜反应器作为分散型污水处理的主体,辅以石英砂为滤料的过滤罐,利用紫外消毒单元进一步处理过滤罐出水,处理后的水可回用于冲厕和绿化用水,节约了水资源。1. Integrate biological treatment technology and physical and chemical treatment technology to realize the combination of sewage treatment and reuse; use sequencing batch biofilm reactor as the main body of decentralized sewage treatment, supplemented by filter tank with quartz sand as filter material, use The ultraviolet disinfection unit further treats the effluent from the filter tank, and the treated water can be reused for flushing toilets and greening water, saving water resources.
2、浮球式滗水器利用水的浮力作为动力实现污水上清液的排放,不仅节省了电耗,实现排水自动化,而且,保证排出的水是上清液,防止出水将污泥带走。2. The floating ball decanter uses the buoyancy of water as power to discharge the sewage supernatant, which not only saves power consumption, realizes automatic drainage, but also ensures that the discharged water is the supernatant, preventing the sludge from being taken away by the effluent .
3、采用序批式生物膜法作为生物处理的核心工艺,相对传统SBR法(活性污泥法),减少了排泥操作,避免了污泥膨胀现象的发生,使运行操作与维护变得方便、简单。3. Using the sequence batch biofilm method as the core process of biological treatment, compared with the traditional SBR method (activated sludge method), it reduces the sludge discharge operation, avoids the occurrence of sludge bulking, and makes operation and maintenance more convenient ,Simple.
4、本发明中的序批式生物膜反应器,采用间歇曝气的运行方式,出水口位置可以调节;不仅节约了能耗,降低了运行维护成本低,而且可以与不同处理规模相匹配。4. The sequencing batch biofilm reactor in the present invention adopts the operation mode of intermittent aeration, and the position of the water outlet can be adjusted; it not only saves energy consumption, reduces operation and maintenance costs, but also can match different processing scales.
5、本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统,出水水质好,操作可实现自动化控制,特别适用于庭院生活污水的处理与回用,适宜在水资源缺乏地区推广使用,应用前景广阔。5. The garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention has good effluent quality and automatic operation control. It is especially suitable for the treatment and reuse of courtyard domestic sewage. It is suitable for popularization and use in areas lacking water resources and has broad application prospects.
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统及污水处理方法作进一步的说明。The garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system and sewage treatment method of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1.本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统示意图。Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention.
图2.本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统中序批式生物膜反应器纵剖面示意图。Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor in the courtyard domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention.
图3.本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统中序批式生物膜反应器侧剖面示意图。Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the side section of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor in the courtyard domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention.
图4.本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统中序批式生物膜反应器平面示意图。Fig. 4. A schematic plan view of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor in the courtyard domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention.
图5.本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统中浮球式滗水器纵剖面示意图。Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the floating ball decanter in the garden domestic sewage treatment and recycling system of the present invention.
图6.本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统中浮球式滗水器侧剖面示意图。Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of the side section of the floating ball decanter in the courtyard domestic sewage treatment and recycling system of the present invention.
附图标记reference sign
I.格网 II.隔油式调节池 III.序批式生物膜反应器I. Grid II. Oil separation regulating tank III. Sequencing batch biofilm reactor
IV.过滤罐 V.紫外消毒器IV. Filter tank V. UV sterilizer
1.进水口 2、3、4.出水口 5.穿孔曝气管1.
6.滑道 7.上填料架 8.下填料架6.
9.排泥管 10.溢流口 11.盖子9.
12.排泥口 13.塑料浮球 14.支撑柱12.
15.溢流槽15. Overflow tank
具体实施方式Detailed ways
请参见图1.庭院生活污水处理与回用系统包括格网I,池体类似于储水池的隔油式调节池II,主体为一长方体空箱、底部呈倒立梯形状的序批式生物膜反应器III,过滤罐IV和安装有紫外消毒器V的储水池。Please see Figure 1. The courtyard domestic sewage treatment and reuse system includes grid I, the tank body is similar to the oil-separated regulating tank II of the storage tank, the main body is a cuboid empty box, and the bottom is an inverted trapezoidal sequencing batch biofilm Reactor III, filter tank IV and water storage tank with UV sterilizer V installed.
一可拆卸的隔板将隔油式调节池分成两个独立的前沉淀室和后污水室,在位于沉淀室一侧的隔板上方设有三角溢流堰,在三角溢流堰处有排油口,排油口通过管路可与市政排水管网相连通;在隔板下方靠近隔油式调节池底部处开有将前沉淀室与后污水室相通的开口,污水通过该开口由前沉淀室进入后污水室;在沉淀室的壁上开有进水口,在污水室上方的壁上开有出水口。A detachable partition divides the oil-separating regulating tank into two independent front sedimentation chambers and rear sewage chambers. A triangular overflow weir is arranged above the partition on one side of the sedimentation chamber, and a drain is arranged at the triangular overflow weir. The oil port and the oil discharge port can be connected with the municipal drainage pipe network through the pipeline; there is an opening connecting the front sedimentation chamber and the rear sewage chamber under the partition near the bottom of the oil separation regulating tank, and the sewage passes through the opening. The sedimentation chamber enters the rear sewage chamber; a water inlet is opened on the wall of the sedimentation chamber, and a water outlet is opened on the wall above the sewage chamber.
请参见图2~4。在顶部设有盖子11的序批式生物膜反应器的壁的上部安装有上填料架7,下部安装有下填料架8,上填料架与下填料架之间的区域为填料区,在填料区中装填有辫帘式纤维填料,其上、下边可分别用铁棍串联,并分别固定于上填料架和下填料架上,在填料区的序批式生物膜反应器的壁上开有3个出水口2、3和4;在上填料架上方的序批式生物膜反应器的壁上开有溢流口10;在序批式生物膜反应器的底部与下填料架之间的倒立梯形状污泥区安装有与序批式生物膜反应器外部曝气设备相连的两根穿孔曝气管5,每根管各有两排朝向斜下方的小孔,与水平面成45°角。在穿孔曝气管与下填料架之间的序批式生物膜反应器的壁上开有进水口1,在序批式生物膜反应器的底部设有排泥口12,并在该排泥口处安装有排泥管9,该排泥口可通过排泥管9与市政排水管网相连;所述的滑道6为长条形凹槽,该长条形凹槽滑道固结于上填料架与下填料架之间的序批式生物膜反应器两侧壁上。Please refer to Figures 2-4. The upper part of the wall of the sequencing batch biofilm reactor with
所述的填料区中间有能使浮球式滗水器正常在填料区中移动的空间。There is a space in the middle of the packing area to enable the float decanter to move normally in the packing area.
请参见图5、图6。所述的浮球式滗水器的构成为在一凹形溢流槽15的上方设有两个塑料浮球13,两个塑料浮球分别通过铁丝与下方的凹形溢流槽连接,凹形溢流槽下方两侧的支撑柱14与凹形溢流槽固定连接,两侧支撑柱的另一端分别嵌入序批式生物膜反应器两侧壁上的滑道内,保证浮球式滗水器两侧支撑柱可嵌入凹槽内并滑动顺畅;凹形溢流槽通过软管与序批式生物膜反应器壁上的3个出水口的任意一个相连通(根据要求的出水量决定连接哪一个出水口)。Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6. The structure of the floating ball decanter is that two plastic floating
所述的过滤罐中带有小孔的穿孔板将过滤罐分成上过滤区,下集水区两个部分,在过滤区中装有石英砂滤料,在过滤区上方的过滤罐壁上设有进水口和溢流口,溢流口通过管路可与市政排水管网相连,在下集水区的过滤罐壁上设有出水口;与过滤罐外部的反冲洗泵相连通的反冲洗管位于集水区下方。The perforated plate with small holes in the filter tank divides the filter tank into two parts, the upper filter area and the lower water collection area. Quartz sand filter material is installed in the filter area, and the filter tank wall above the filter area is equipped with There is a water inlet and an overflow, and the overflow can be connected to the municipal drainage pipe network through pipelines, and a water outlet is provided on the wall of the filter tank in the lower catchment area; the backwash pipe connected to the backwash pump outside the filter tank Located below catchment area.
格网I置于隔油式调节池的沉淀室进水口处;隔油式调节池的污水室的出水口通过管路与序批式生物膜反应器的进水口相连通;序批式生物膜反应器的出水口管路与过滤罐的进水口相连通;过滤罐的出水口通过管路与安装有紫外消毒器的储水池相连通。The grid I is placed at the water inlet of the sedimentation chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank; the water outlet of the sewage chamber of the oil-separated regulating tank is connected with the water inlet of the sequence batch biofilm reactor through a pipeline; the sequence batch biofilm The water outlet pipeline of the reactor is connected with the water inlet of the filter tank; the water outlet of the filter tank is connected with the water storage tank installed with the ultraviolet sterilizer through the pipeline.
利用本发明的庭院生活污水处理与回用系统对一单位的污水进行处理与回用,出水用于冲厕,设计流量为1m3/d。The garden domestic sewage treatment and reuse system of the present invention is used to treat and reuse a unit of sewage, and the effluent is used for toilet flushing, with a designed flow rate of 1m 3 /d.
污水主要是单位办公人员杂用水和食堂污水。水质性质如下:SS:30~80mg/L,CODcr:50~100mg/L,NH4 +-N:15~30mg/L。Sewage is mainly miscellaneous water used by office workers and sewage from canteens. The water quality properties are as follows: SS: 30~80mg/L, CODcr: 50~100mg/L, NH 4 + -N: 15~30mg/L.
污水首先经过格网I,固体废弃物被拦截,收集在格网内;污水然后进入隔油式调节池II,经过在隔油式调节池的沉淀室静置沉淀后,粒径较大的固体颗粒得到去除,同时油脂类物质与污水分离开,油脂类物质经三角溢流堰处的排油口排出,并通过排油管进入市政排水管网,污水经过隔板下方的开口进入污水室;早上,开启水泵,将污水室的污水送入序批式生物膜反应器III中,关闭水泵,开动曝气设备,通过穿孔曝气管提供氧气,利用辫帘式塑料纤维填料上形成的生物膜降解污水中的有机污染物,同时去除氨氮和总悬浮固体;白天采取间歇曝气操作,节约电耗,晚上电价便宜,采用连续曝气;停止曝气,污水在序批式生物膜反应器内静置沉淀;开启电动阀,污水上清液通过浮球式滗水器排出序批式生物膜反应器,直至液位到达出水口处,关闭电动阀,排水停止;排出的污水在重力作用下跌水进入过滤罐IV,利用石英砂滤料继续过滤总悬浮固体,污水得到进一步净化,开启潜水泵,将过滤后的污水输送至安装有紫外消毒器V的储水池,到达一定液位后关闭潜水泵,污水中的病源微生物和细菌经过紫外消毒后被杀灭,处理后的水可回用。The sewage first passes through the grid I, and the solid waste is intercepted and collected in the grid; the sewage then enters the oil separation adjustment tank II, and after standing and settling in the sedimentation chamber of the oil separation adjustment tank, the solid waste with larger particle size The particles are removed, and the grease and sewage are separated at the same time. The grease is discharged through the oil discharge port at the triangular overflow weir, and enters the municipal drainage pipe network through the oil discharge pipe, and the sewage enters the sewage chamber through the opening below the partition; in the morning , turn on the water pump, send the sewage in the sewage chamber into the sequencing batch biofilm reactor III, turn off the water pump, start the aeration equipment, provide oxygen through the perforated aeration pipe, and use the biofilm formed on the braided plastic fiber filler to degrade Organic pollutants in sewage, ammonia nitrogen and total suspended solids are removed at the same time; intermittent aeration operation is adopted during the day to save power consumption, and the electricity price is cheap at night, and continuous aeration is adopted; stop aeration, and the sewage is static in the sequencing batch biofilm reactor Set the sedimentation; open the electric valve, the sewage supernatant is discharged from the sequencing batch biofilm reactor through the float decanter until the liquid level reaches the water outlet, close the electric valve, and the drainage stops; the discharged sewage falls into the water under the action of gravity Enter the filter tank IV, use the quartz sand filter material to continue to filter the total suspended solids, the sewage is further purified, turn on the submersible pump, and transport the filtered sewage to the storage tank equipped with a UV sterilizer V, and turn off the submersible pump after reaching a certain level , The pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria in the sewage are killed after ultraviolet disinfection, and the treated water can be reused.
过滤罐IV在使用一定时间后,对过滤罐进行反冲洗。反冲洗时关闭进水电动阀和出水潜水泵,开启反冲洗泵,将清水沿反冲洗管从穿孔板下方送入过滤区,冲洗滤料,反冲洗水通过溢流管排入市政排水管网,关闭反冲洗泵,反冲洗过程结束。After the filter tank IV is used for a certain period of time, the filter tank is backwashed. When backwashing, close the water inlet electric valve and the water outlet submersible pump, turn on the backwash pump, send clean water from the bottom of the perforated plate along the backwash pipe to the filter area, wash the filter material, and the backwash water is discharged into the municipal drainage pipe network through the overflow pipe , turn off the backwash pump, and the backwash process ends.
处理结果表明:出水水质符合《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》GB/T18920-2002中有关出水回用于冲厕的规定,处理效果显著。The treatment results show that the effluent quality complies with the regulations on effluent reuse for flushing toilets in the "Urban Sewage Recycling and Utilization of Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality" GB/T18920-2002, and the treatment effect is remarkable.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1621368A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-01 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Vertical flow composite type biological sludge minimization reactor and its operation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2000-197897A 2000.07.18 |
| JP特开2003-200142A 2003.07.15 |
| 张玉华等.厌氧复合床-序批式活性污泥法处理屠宰废水.《工业用水与废水》.2005,第36卷(第3期),第79页第2节、图1. * |
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| CN101746922A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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