CN101851134A

CN101851134A - Preparation and application of apple foliage fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN101851134A
Application number: CN201010173852A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王林嵩; 王丽; 王歌; 王琳
Original assignee: Henan Normal University
Current assignee: Henan Normal University
Priority date: 2010-04-30
Filing date: 2010-04-30
Publication date: 2010-10-06

Abstract

The invention relates to the application of biotechnology in agriculture. An apple foliage fertilizer is produced for improving the apple quality after application. The main technical points are the components and application method of the foliage fertilizer. The apple foliage fertilizer is prepared from salting extracted radish peroxidase serving as a main ingredient, and auxiliaries such as glycerol, sucrose, starch, and the like. Before bagging and picking apples within 5 to 7 days, the fertilizer is sprayed in a mist form on the foliage and the surfaces of fruits uniformly at any time of a cloudy sky and in the evening of a fine day, wherein the spraying dosage is 1,000,000 to 4,000,000 units per mu. After application, the detection of the harvested apples proves that: the activity of the peroxidase and superoxide dismutase of the apple fruits is improved, and the hardness, vitamin C content and acidity, and the like of the apple fruits are increased.

Description

A kind of preparation of apple foliage fertilizer and application

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the application of biotechnology on agricultural, be to utilize the peroxidase of radish that extracts of saltouing to be main component, be aided with common formation such as glycerine, sucrose, starch apple foliage fertilizer, and be applied to the apple foliage-spray, thereby improve the activity of apple fruit peroxidase and superoxide-dismutase, hardness, Vitamin C content and the acidity of increase apple fruit.

Background technology:

Peroxidase plays an important role in growth and development of plants and animals.Studies show that at present the generation of human numerous disease is all relevant with free radical, suitably takes antioxidant, improve the human body peroxidase activity, help the control of disease.The feeding peroxidase of radish of animal can increase liver,kidney,spleen etc. and organize superoxide-dismutase (SOD) activity, and Selenoperoxidase (GSH-PX) activity reduces film fat peroxidation degree.Plant has many factors can cause the rising of plant materials endoperoxide enzymic activity in process of growth, and the plant peroxidases activity also raises when raising as anthocyanidin content.Think that at present sucrose and polysaccharide can be used as signaling molecule regulation and control growth and development of plant.Apple is one of the world's four big fruit, and China's cultivated area of the apple and output all occupy first place in the world, and improving apple quality, improving apple storage period quality is the problem that presses for solution.It is relevant with its peroxidase activity that apple is stored quality.The present invention makes foliage fertilizer with peroxidase of radish, sucrose, starch, glycerine and is applied to apple, improves apple peroxidase equal size, thereby a kind of new function apple is provided.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of apple foliage fertilizer, thereby produce a kind of new function apple.

Technical solution of the present invention is to finish as follows: peroxidase of radish, 2-10% glycerine and 60-80% sucrose that the direct salting-out process of 20-90% ammonium sulfate obtains, and it is Powdered that mixing is, and this is the enzyme powder.With the enzyme powder: sucrose: starch was with 1: 1: 2 ratio mixing, and the regulatory enzyme unit of activity is to 1-4 ten thousand U/g.

Application method: 1. spray the time: before the Apple Bags and before the apple-picking 5-7 days, the random time at cloudy day and fine the dusk time-division.The critical period that be apple development this two periods, the former helps the growth of apple, and the latter helps apple fruit accumulation peroxidase.Spraying of cloudy day and prolongs liquid in the residence time on apple blade face the dusk time-division, and contained glycerine, sugar can absorb airborne moisture and help the absorption of apple plant to peroxidase in the preparation simultaneously.

2. spraying method: blade face and fruit surface be vaporific spraying evenly.This spraying method had both been avoided losing of enzyme, helped the absorption of plant to enzyme, improved action effect.

3. spray dosage: 100-400 ten thousand unit/mus.Spray dosage and be directly connected to the cost and benefit of farming.Cross low can not accomplishing the end in view, too high increase cost reduces income.Our experimental result shows that the dosage at 100-400 ten thousand unit/mus is cost-effectiveness preferably.

Peroxidase can stimulate the endogenous peroxidase activity of apple fruit to increase, glycerine and sucrose can increase the stability of enzyme on the one hand, increase enzyme on the other hand by the apple Foliage Absorption, starch is not only vehicle, the drying that helps enzyme simultaneously, avoid drying course, both kept enzymic activity, can reduce energy expenditure again.Utilize sucrose and polysaccharide to stimulate apple development.

Embodiment:

With bright radish is raw material, its preparation method is: in envrionment temperature is under the 0-15 ℃ of situation, 1. get bright radish, isolate radish Normal juice after the fragmentation, 2. substep adds ammonium sulfate in radish Normal juice, and the saturation ratio that adds ammonium sulfate for the first time is 30-50%, leaves standstill 10-18 hour, abandon throw out, get supernatant liquor, continue to add ammonium sulfate in supernatant liquor, making its saturation ratio is 75-90%, left standstill 10-18 hour, abandon supernatant liquor then, 3. get the peroxidase of radish of salt precipitation and weigh, add and be equivalent to the heavy glycerine mixing of 1/10-1/20 enzyme, add the heavy sucrose mixing of 1-4 times of enzyme again, this is for storing the enzyme powder.4. with 1: 2 ratio preparation sucrose starch mixture, with enzyme powder and this mixture with 1: 3 ratio mixing.Sampling is surveyed enzyme and is lived, and enzyme activity should be 1-4 ten thousand U/g, by increasing enzyme powder or sucrose starch mixture enzyme activity unit is transferred to 1-4 ten thousand U/g.The packing of weighing.When 5. using, that apple foliage fertilizer is soluble in water.Before Apple Bags and before the apple-picking 5-7 days, the random time at cloudy day and fine the dusk time-division.Apple blade face and fruit surface be vaporific spraying evenly.Spraying dosage is 100-400 ten thousand unit/mus.Use apple foliage fertilizer except obtaining table 1 column data, the apple leaf of also observing treatment group keeps green time lengthening than control group.

Table 1 apple foliage fertilizer is to the influence of apple fruit biochemical component

Table is annotated: 1, measure behind the apple-picking; 2, the apple storage was measured after half a year

Though have report that peroxidase of radish is used for plant-spraying, technical characterstic of the present invention is:

1. increased glycerine and sucrose as the protective agent of enzyme, utilizing simultaneously the contained ammonium sulfate of enzyme preparation of ammonium sulfate precipitation itself also is the stabilizing agent of enzyme.

2. used enzyme preparation uses sucrose and starch as protective agent and excipient, has avoided dry run, reduces first the loss of enzyme, has second saved the energy, lowers production cost.

3. sucrose stimulates the synthetic function of anthocyanidin in addition, thereby increases the apple color and luster, and the carbon source that provides can increase apple development.

Claims

1. apple foliage fertilizer, its main component is a peroxidase, and is aided with glycerine, sucrose, starch etc.

2. the described apple foliage fertilizer of claim 1, it makes in the following way, the direct salting-out process of 20-90% ammonium sulfate obtains peroxidase of radish, with itself and 2-10% glycerine and 60-80% sucrose mixing, obtain Powdered enzyme powder, with the enzyme powder: sucrose: starch was with 1: 1: 2 ratio mixing, and the regulatory enzyme unit of activity is to 1-4 ten thousand U/g.

3. method for preparing apple foliage fertilizer, concrete steps are: in envrionment temperature is under the 0-15 ℃ of situation,

1. get bright radish, isolate radish Normal juice after the fragmentation;

2. substep adds ammonium sulfate in radish Normal juice, and the saturation ratio that adds ammonium sulfate for the first time is 30-50%, leaves standstill 10-18 hour, abandon throw out, get supernatant liquor, in supernatant liquor, continue to add ammonium sulfate, making its saturation ratio is 75-90%, leaves standstill 10-18 hour, abandons supernatant liquor then;

3. get the peroxidase of radish of salt precipitation and weigh, add and be equivalent to the heavy glycerine mixing of 1/10-1/20 enzyme, add the heavy sucrose mixing of 1-4 times of enzyme again, this is for storing the enzyme powder;

4. with 1: 2 ratio preparation sucrose starch mixture, with enzyme powder and this mixture with 1: 3 ratio mixing.Sampling is surveyed enzyme and is lived, and enzyme activity should be 1-4 ten thousand U/g, by increasing enzyme powder or sucrose starch mixture enzyme activity unit is transferred to 1-4 ten thousand U/g.The packing of weighing.

4. method of producing the function apple: before Apple Bags and before the apple-picking 5-7 days, the random time at cloudy day and fine the dusk time-division, in blade face and the even vaporific described apple foliage fertilizer of claim 1 that sprays of fruit surface, spraying dosage is 100-400 ten thousand unit/mus.