CN101851075B - 一种底层粉刷石膏及其应用 - Google Patents

一种底层粉刷石膏及其应用 Download PDF

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CN101851075B
CN101851075B CN 201010161466 CN201010161466A CN101851075B CN 101851075 B CN101851075 B CN 101851075B CN 201010161466 CN201010161466 CN 201010161466 CN 201010161466 A CN201010161466 A CN 201010161466A CN 101851075 B CN101851075 B CN 101851075B
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CN101851075A (zh
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李彦峰
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Shanghai Daily Energy Saving Technology LLC
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种底层粉刷石膏,所述底层粉刷石膏主要由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:建筑石膏200~500,石英砂485~785,调节剂3,无机凝胶5,缓凝剂0.2~0.5,抗裂剂2,所述石英砂为细度30目、45目和60目石英砂中的一种或两种以上的任意比例的混合,所述调节剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素,所述无机凝胶为钠基膨润土,所述缓凝剂为多聚磷酸盐类石膏专用缓凝剂,所述抗裂剂为木质纤维素;所述建筑石膏为脱硫石膏按照下述方法制备得到:脱硫石膏在80~90℃温度下预烘干后,进入沸腾煅烧炉,120~130℃温度下煅烧,然后加入冲击式磨粉机研磨,冷却后陈化,制备得到所述建筑石膏。本发明粘接力强,有效地抑制了抹灰中的收缩开裂现象,耐水性好。

Description

一种底层粉刷石膏及其应用
(一)技术领域:
本发明属于化学建筑材料和固体废弃物综合利用技术领域,具体涉及一种以脱硫石膏为主要原料应用于制备底层粉刷石膏。
(二)背景技术:
中国专利文献CN1390796A、CN101423351A、CN101580372A公开了脱硫石膏、硬石膏作为基料制备粉刷石膏的方法,但是上述现有技术未对配方的性能及优化有深入研究,仍存在稳定性不佳、强度和硬度达不到具体施工要求等缺点。
目前市售底层粉刷石膏通常采用外购混合砂与面层粉刷石膏按比例混合的制造方式,以该方法生产出来的产品性能对砂的稳定性依赖程度较高,如果砂的供应质量不稳定,则对产品性能影响很大。其中砂的粗细程度及混合比例,也就是不同粒径的砂粒,对粉刷石膏的性能影响很大,其原因在于:在混凝土中,砂子的表面需要由石膏浆包裹,砂子的总表面积愈大,则需要包裹砂粒表面的石膏浆就愈多。在相同用量条件下,细砂的总表面积较大,而粗砂的总表面积较小,而传统工艺通常采用粉状的石英砂,采用粉状的石英砂在超过一定厚度后会带来防开裂性能的下降。
本发明在砂的质量上有严格要求,对砂的级配进行了深入的研究和分析,制得的产品粘接力强,有效地抑制了抹灰中的收缩开裂现象,较好地解决了水泥砂浆、混合砂浆抹灰的空鼓、开裂、脱落等通病。
(三)发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足,提供了一种脱硫石膏制得的建筑石膏为基料,石英砂作为填充料的底层粉刷石膏,所述底层粉刷石膏可应用于建筑物内墙用抹灰砂浆,该产品强度增加明显,同时生产出来的底层粉刷石膏产品稳定性优异。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种底层粉刷石膏,所述底层粉刷石膏主要由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏      200~500,
石英砂        485~785,
调节剂        3,
无机凝胶      5,
缓凝剂        0.2~0.5,
抗裂剂        2,
所述石英砂为细度30目、45目和60目石英砂中的一种或两种以上的任意比例的混合,所述调节剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素,所述无机凝胶为钠基膨润土,所述缓凝剂为多聚磷酸盐类石膏专用缓凝剂,所述抗裂剂为木质纤维素。
本发明所述底层粉刷石膏还可加入可再分散胶粉,优选所述底层粉刷石膏由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏    200~500,
石英砂          485~785,
调节剂          3,
无机凝胶        5,
缓凝剂          0.2~0.5,
抗裂剂          2,
可再分散胶粉    5。
本发明所述建筑石膏是电厂烟气脱硫石膏制得的建筑石膏。所述的制备方法为:脱硫石膏在80~90℃(优选85℃)温度下预烘干后,进入沸腾煅烧炉,120~130℃(优选126℃)温度下煅烧,然后加入冲击式磨粉机研磨,通常研磨至200目,冷却后陈化,制备得到所述建筑石膏。所述陈化通常需要陈化7天,等各组分转化结束、各项指标相对稳定即可用来进行底层粉刷石膏生产。
所述建筑石膏是以β型半水石膏(βCaSO4·1/2H2O)为主要成分,建筑石膏凝结硬化是石膏吸收结晶水后的结晶过程,其体积不仅不会收缩,而且还稍有膨胀,这种膨胀不会对石膏造成危害,还能使石膏的表面较为光滑饱满,棱角清晰完整、避免了普通材料干燥时的开裂。建筑石膏硬化后石膏的主要成分是二水石膏,当受到高温作用时或遇火后会脱出21%左右的结晶水,并能在表面蒸发形成水蒸气幕,可有效地阻止火势的蔓延,具有良好的防火效果。
本发明所述建筑石膏的细度为200目,初凝时间为8min,终凝时间为15min;抗折强度为3.9Mpa,抗压强度为6.8Mpa。
本发明采用石英砂由细度为细度30目、45目和60目石英砂中的一种或两种以上的混合,优选为细度30目、45目和60目石英砂三种的混合。连续级配使得砂的颗粒呈连续性,即颗粒由小到大,每级细度占一定比例。用连续级配的砂来配制的底层粉刷石膏,和易性较好,不易发生离析现象,对石膏基料的需求少,从而保证产品的粘接强度的提高,同时产品具有良好的厚刮不开裂性。
本发明所述调节剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素,可采用日本信越化学公司生产的HPMC70000或其他含有羟丙基甲基纤维素的调节剂。
本发明所述无机凝胶为钠基膨润土,可采用浙江余杭加诚非金属矿业有限公司制备的钠基膨润土,其中蒙脱石60%-88%,膨胀容25-50ml/g,胶质价不小于99ml/15g,2h吸水率250-350%,水分不大于12,湿压强度不小于0.23Mpa,吸蓝量不小于80mmol/g,Na2O不小于1.28。
本发明所述缓凝剂为多聚磷酸盐类石膏专用缓凝剂,可采用德国TRICOSAL公司生产的Retardan P产品,用量少,缓凝效果好,不影响石膏硬化后的强度。
本发明所述抗裂剂为木质纤维素,可选用德国JRS公司开发生产的ARBOCEL ZZC500,能形成三维结构,并有显著的交联作用,这种交联的结构可以减少产品的收缩性能,从而辅助达到抗开裂的作用。
本发明所述可再分散胶粉为德国瓦克化学公司所生产的聚醋酸乙烯酯及乙烯树脂VINNAPAS5044N,作为有机胶黏剂,增加体系的耐水性和粘接强度。
较为具体的,本发明所述底层粉刷石膏优选由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏          200~500,
石英砂            485~785
HPMC70000         3,
钠基膨润土        5,
Retardan P        0.2~0.5,
ARBOCEL ZZC500    2,
VINNAPAS5044N     5,
所述的石英砂为30目石英砂、45目石英砂、60目石英砂按质量份85~360∶85~250∶250~275的组合。
本发明所述底层粉刷石膏最优选由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏          400,
30目石英砂        85,
45目石英砂        250,
60目石英砂        250,
HPMC70000         3,
钠基膨润土        5,
Retardan P        0.4,
ARBOCEL ZZC500    2,
VINNAPAS5044N     5。
本发明所述的底层粉刷石膏可通过将组方量的各组分混合制备得到,使用时掺入一定量的水混均即可使用。
本发明所述的底层粉刷石膏可应用于制备抹灰砂浆,所述应用的方法为,将底层粉刷石膏中加入底层粉刷石膏质量的24~30wt%的水,混均,即可使用。
按本发明组方制得的底层粉刷石膏具有良好的耐水性和粘接强度,制成抹灰砂浆后,抹刮后的基面不空鼓,不开裂,粘接性强,抗折抗压强度高,同时施工方便,与传统的水泥砂浆工艺相比,粘接力强,有效地抑制了抹灰中的收缩开裂现象,较好地解决了水泥砂浆、混合砂浆抹灰的空鼓、开裂、脱落等通病,而且性价比优势更加突出,且操作简单,质量稳定,为内墙装饰提供了一种更优秀的选择;本发明采用级配石英砂代替单一石英砂填充料,具有更好的稳定性和强度。
与现有技术相比,现有配方未强调砂的优化级配对最终产品性能的影响,本发明主要突出了砂的级配优化完善后对产品性能的影响。
(四)具体实施方式
下面以具体实施例来对本发明做进一步说明,但本发明的保护方案不限于此。
本发明实施例中的建筑石膏均按照以下方法制备得到:
原料脱硫石膏(浙江杭州半山发电厂)1500kg,加入双轴搅拌机,在85℃温度下使脱硫石膏内的游离水分蒸发,形成含水率低于3%的干脱硫石膏。含水率低于3%的干脱硫石膏加入沸腾炉,在126℃温度下煅烧,使二水石膏脱去部分结晶水变成半水石膏即建筑石膏,从而制备得到1000kg的建筑石膏。经锻烧后的建筑石膏,送进冲击式粉碎机粉碎,粉碎至细度200目,再进入成品料仓内陈化,陈化7天后的石膏达到优等建筑石膏质量标准即可应用于制备底层粉刷石膏。
实施例1
各组分用量:
建筑石膏    200kg      30目石英砂    360kg
45目石英砂  150kg      60目石英砂    275kg
HPMC70000   3kg
钠基膨润土(浙江余杭加诚非金属矿业有限公司,下同)  5kg
Retardan P     0.2kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500            2kg
VINNAPAS5044N  5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例2
各组分用量:
建筑石膏       250kg     30目石英砂      335kg
45目石英砂     150kg     60目石英砂      250kg
HPMC70000      3kg       钠基膨润土      5kg
Retardan P     0.25kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500  2kg
VINNAPAS5044N  5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例3
各组分用量:
建筑石膏       300kg    30目石英砂        350kg
45目石英砂     85kg     60目石英砂        250kg
HPMC70000      3kg      钠基膨润土        5kg
Retardan P     0.3kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500    2kg
VINNAPAS5044N  5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例4
各组分用量:
建筑石膏       350kg    30目石英砂        300kg
45目石英砂     100kg    60目石英砂        250kg
HPMC70000      3kg      钠基膨润土        5kg
Retardan P     0.35kg   ARBOCEL ZZC500    2kg
VINNAPAS5044N  5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例5
各组分用量:
建筑石膏       400kg    30目石英砂        585kg
HPMC70000      3kg      钠基膨润土        5kg
Retardan P     0.4kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500    2kg
VINNAPAS5044N  5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例6
各组分用量:
建筑石膏        400kg    60目石英砂        585kg
HPMC70000       3kg      钠基膨润土        5kg
Retardan P      0.3kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500    2kg
VINNAPAS5044    5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例7
各组分用量:
建筑石膏         500kg    60目石英砂        485kg
HPMC70000        3kg      钠基膨润土        5kg
Retardan P       0.5kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500    2kg
VINNAPAS5044N    5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例8
各组分用量:
建筑石膏        400kg    30目石英砂        85kg
45目石英砂      250kg    60目石英砂        250kg
钠基膨润土      5kg      HPMC70000         3kg
Retardan P      0.4kg    ARBOCEL ZZC500    2kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
实施例9
各组分用量:
建筑石膏       400kg    30目石英砂        85kg
45目石英砂     250kg    60目石英砂        250kg
HPMC70000      3kg      钠基膨润土        5kg
Retarden P     0.4kg    ARVOCEL ZZC500    2kg
VINNAPAS5044N  5kg
用无重力双飞刀混合设备混合,制得底层粉刷石膏。
将实施例1~9制得的底层粉刷石膏按照标准JC/T 517-2004《粉刷石膏》分别测试粘接强度、抗折强度和抗压强度,结果如下表1,对照组为国家标准要求。
表1
Figure GDA0000021075290000101
实施例9制得的底层粉刷石膏按照标准JC/T 517-2004《粉刷石膏》进行以下项目检测,结果如下表2:
表2
 项目   国家标准要求   实测结果
 凝结时间   ≥60分钟   120
 可操作时间   ≤8小时   180
 保水率(%)   ≥75   99
 抗折强度(Mpa)   ≥2.0   3.6
 抗压强度(Mpa)   ≥4.0   11.8
 剪切粘接强度(Mpa)   ≥0.3   1.83
结果表明,实施例9制得的底层粉刷石膏均达到并超过国家标准,表现优秀。

Claims (10)

1.一种底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述底层粉刷石膏主要由如下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏        200~500,
石英砂          485~785,
调节剂          3,
无机凝胶        5,
缓凝剂          0.2~0.5,
抗裂剂          2,
所述石英砂为细度30目、45目和60目石英砂中的一种或两种以上的任意比例的混合,所述调节剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素,所述无机凝胶为钠基膨润土,所述缓凝剂为多聚磷酸盐类石膏专用缓凝剂,所述抗裂剂为木质纤维素;
所述建筑石膏为脱硫石膏按照下述方法制备得到:脱硫石膏在80~90℃温度下预烘干后,进入沸腾煅烧炉,120~130℃温度下煅烧,然后加入冲击式磨粉机研磨,冷却后陈化,制备得到所述建筑石膏。
2.如权利要求1所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述底层粉刷石膏由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏          200~500,
石英砂            485~785,
调节剂            3,
无机凝胶          5,
缓凝剂            0.2~0.5,
抗裂剂            2,
可再分散胶粉      5。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述建筑石膏细度为200目。
4.如权利要求2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述可再分散胶粉为德国瓦克化学公司生产的VINNAPAS5044N。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述羟丙基甲基纤维素为日本信越化学公司生产的HPMC70000。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述缓凝剂为德国TRICOSAL公司生产的Retardan P。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述木质纤维素为德国JRS公司生产的ARBOCEL ZZC500。
8.如权利要求2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述底层粉刷石膏由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏         200~500,
石英砂           485~785
HPMC70000        3,
钠基膨润土       5,
Retardan P       0.2~0.5,
ARBOCEL ZZC500   2,
VINNAPAS5044N    5,
所述的石英砂为30目石英砂、45目石英砂、60目石英砂按质量份85~360∶85~250∶250~275的组合。
9.如权利要求2所述的底层粉刷石膏,其特征在于所述底层粉刷石膏由以下重量份的组分混合制备得到:
建筑石膏          400,
30目石英砂        85,
45目石英砂        250,
60目石英砂        250,
HPMC70000         3,
钠基膨润土        5,
Retardan P        0.4,
ARBOCEL ZZC500    2,
VINNAPAS5044N     5。
10.如权利要求1所述的底层粉刷石膏应用于制备抹灰砂浆,所述应用的方法为,加入底层粉刷石膏质量的24~30wt%的水,混均,即可进行墙面施工。
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CN102249578A (zh) * 2011-05-06 2011-11-23 上海市建筑科学研究院(集团)有限公司 一种粉体石膏砂浆用脱硫建筑石膏的制备方法
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CN105542018B (zh) * 2016-01-15 2018-06-26 上海惠广精细化工有限公司 工业级内墙腻子系列专用改性羟丙基甲基纤维素的制备方法
CN107162552A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-15 合肥梵腾环保科技有限公司 一种高抗压强度保温砂浆及其制备方法
CN107382241A (zh) * 2017-07-25 2017-11-24 合肥华盖光伏科技有限公司 一种高强度石膏板及其制备方法
CN108793923B (zh) * 2018-09-17 2021-02-26 河北鑫合生物化工有限公司 改进的石膏抹灰砂浆及其制备方法
CN109665794B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2021-12-24 泰山石膏有限公司 一种重质脱硫抹灰石膏
CN111333396B (zh) * 2019-09-16 2022-04-12 贵州省环福新材料有限公司 一种抹灰石膏制备系统
CN111848090A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-30 湖州五好建材有限公司 一种低成本调湿粉刷石膏的制备方法
CN111848091A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-30 湖州五好建材有限公司 一种低成本防火粉刷石膏的制备方法
CN111908881A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-10 湖州五好建材有限公司 一种低成本粉刷石膏的制备方法
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