CN101846139B - 定速万向接头壳体 - Google Patents

定速万向接头壳体 Download PDF

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CN101846139B
CN101846139B CN201010147548.0A CN201010147548A CN101846139B CN 101846139 B CN101846139 B CN 101846139B CN 201010147548 A CN201010147548 A CN 201010147548A CN 101846139 B CN101846139 B CN 101846139B
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housing
shoulder
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CN101846139A (zh
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科斯塔·斯蒂法诺
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/2232—Elements arranged in the hollow space between the end of the inner shaft and the outer joint member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22326—Attachments to the outer joint member, i.e. attachments to the exterior of the outer joint member or to the shaft of the outer joint member

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于定速万向接头(100)的壳体(50)，所述壳体(50)具有旋转轴线(X)；和彼此整体形成且沿着所述旋转轴线(X)串联的杯形件(51A)和柄(51B)；插置在所述杯形件(51A)和所述柄(51B)之间的肩部(60)，还包括形成在所述肩部(60)处并位于面向所述杯形件(51A)一侧的凹部(61)。

Description

定速万向接头壳体
技术领域
本发明涉及定速万向接头(universal joint)壳体。
背景技术
定速万向接头是铰接联动系，用来在两根轴(驱动轴和从动轴)之间传递旋转运动，同时保持两根轴之间恒定的单位速度比率，而不论这两根轴的轴线所形成的夹角如何，该定速万向接头包括：
连接到其中一根轴的芯体，所述芯体具有许多径向向外开放的轨道；
一组部分容纳在所述轨道内的滚珠；
包围所述芯体的滚珠保持件；和
连接到另一根轴的壳体，所述壳体容纳所述芯体、保持件和滚珠。
而所述保持件包括：
具有位于内侧并用于容纳滚珠的轨道的杯形件；
与所述杯形件整体形成的凸轴；和
所述壳体和所述柄之间的肩部。
在上述这种壳体中，所述杯形件向着肩部逐渐收缩，并且其外径较大的部分例如由用来在机械加工中进行对中的柱状外表面从外部界定。所述肩部进而由基本上与所述杯形件的柱状外表面汇合但与所述柄的柱状外表面形成壳体截面突变的柱状表面从外部界定。在实际使用中，例如在前轮驱动轿车中用来将方向轮毂连接到差速器的接头中，证明最容易发生疲劳和损坏的是所述壳体，准确地说，原因是所述柄和肩部之间截面突变，这导致了该肩部处存在局部应力。
发明内容
本发明的目标是提供一种定速万向接头壳体，其设计成减少这种失效。
根据本发明，提供了一种定速万向接头壳体，，所述壳体具有旋转轴线，并包括彼此整体形成并沿着所述旋转轴线串联的杯形件和柄；和插置在所述杯形件和所述柄之间的肩部，所述壳体的特征在于，包括形成在所述肩部处并位于面向所述杯形件一侧的凹部。
附图说明
参照附图，作为示例将说明本发明的非限制性实施方式，在附图中：
图1以透视图示出了符合本发明的定速万向接头的优选实施方式；
图2示出了图1所示壳体更大比例的轴向截面，为了清晰去除了一些部件。
具体实施方式
图1中的附图标记100指代作为整体的定速万向接头。
接头100是铰接联动系，用于在驱动轴和从动轴——示意性地分别表示为输入轴线(Y)和输出轴线(X)——之间传递转动，所述驱动轴和从动轴相交并相对于彼此围绕旋转中心(Z)(图2)转动。
在以下说明中，单纯作为示例对上述运动传递进行了具体论述，因为接头100可以同等地从轴线(X)向轴线(Y)传递运动。
接头100包括：
-成角度地连接到驱动轴的芯体(30)，并且芯体具有围绕轴线(Y)隔开的多个周边轨道31C；
-一组部分容纳在轨道31C内侧的滚珠20；和
-用来保持滚珠20的保持件40，保持件位于芯体30径向外侧。
芯体30具有贯穿的中央孔31，中央孔具有许多平行于轴线(Y)的纵向凹槽31A，用来容纳驱动轴并与其连接，芯体由径向外侧的外表面31B界定，部分容纳滚珠20的所述轨道31C形成在外表面上。
保持件40具有数量等于轨道31C的许多开口41，并且所述开口连同轨道31C一起保持滚珠20沿着一平面(未示出)排列，所述平面将轴线(X)和(Y)形成的夹角二等分，并垂直于包含轴线(X)和(Y)的平面。
接头100还包括沿着轴线(X)延伸、用于连接的壳体50，壳体与从动轴成角度地整体形成，并且壳体还包括杯形件51A，杯形件具有定心在中心(Z)上的半径为RGA的球形内表面51C；和在相对着表面51C的一侧沿着轴线(X)与杯形件51A对准的凸柄51B，凸柄与杯形件51A整体形成，以限定与从动轴结合的结合部。
杯形件51A在表面51C内侧容纳芯体30和保持件40两者，并且在表面51C内侧包括许多半径为RGA的球形表面52；和与轨道31C对应的许多轨道53，轨道53与表面52交替，以容纳滚珠20。
如图2所示，壳体50还包括肩部60，肩部60插置在杯形件51A和柄51B之间，由两个表面60A和60S界定，表面60A是横穿轴线(X)并面向柄51B的横向表面，而表面60S是连接到表面60A的柱状表面，并且表面60S具有大于柄51B柱状外表面51S直径DGO的外径DER。
如图2中的虚线所示，在现有技术中，肩部60的表面60S基本上与在相对着柄51B的一侧从外部界定杯形件51A的柱状表面52汇合，但是，如上所述，壳体50在柄51B和肩部60之间的尺寸突变会在肩部60产生局部切向和弯曲应力。
因此，为了分布肩部60处的应力，并同时减少柄51B和肩部60之间以及肩部60和表面52之间尺寸突变带来的影响，壳体50设置有在面向杯形件51A的一侧形成在肩部60处的凹部61。
凹部61在肩部60的表面60S和杯形件51A的表面52之间形成杯形件51A的外轮廓，以增大壳体50相对于静态和动态应力的机械抗性，因此增大接头100的结构抗性。
更具体地说，凹部61贯穿表面60S形成，由包含轴线(X)的平面内的两条曲线61A、61B界定，曲线61A将肩部60减小为具有给定轴向厚度SPE的凸缘，而曲线61B一侧在凹部61的底部F与曲线61A汇合，在相对的一侧基本上扩张，呈截头锥形形式，与表面52连接起来。
肩部60外表面60S沿着轴线(X)投射到凹部61外曲线61B上的投影限定围绕轴线(X)定心的圆P，并且该圆距离表面60A的轴向距离XDE大于肩部60的厚度。
对于改善壳体50的结构抗性而言，为了形成有效的凹部61，已经发现需要考虑独立于壳体50的各几何参数的大小，以及从属于壳体50的各几何参数，独立参数为：
表面51S的直径DGO；
表面60S的直径DER；
肩部60的轴向厚度SPF，即因凹部61而减小的肩部的凸缘的厚度；
所谓的偏移量OFS，即中心(Z)和肩部60的表面60S之间沿着轴线(X)的轴向距离；表面51C的半径RGA；和凹部61的底部F的内侧半径RXI；
而从属参数为：
凹部61的底部F的内侧直径DIR；
凹部61的底部F和表面60A之间的轴向距离XDI；
如上所述获得的圆P的轴向距离XDE。
为了增大壳体50的抗性，在上述独立参数和从属参数之间需要给定的量值比率，即：
对于所涉及的直径：
(1)0.4≤(DIR)/((DER)+(DGO))≤0.7
对于表征凹部61的曲线的主要点的轴向位置：
(2)1.6≤(XDE)/(XDI)≤2.5
对于允许形成杯形件51A的内凹陷表面51C的壳体50尺寸
(3)17≤(OFS)-O.707(RGA)≤25
上述量值比率适用于定速万向接头，保证柄51B的直径(DGO)和(2*(RGA))之间的比率为0.30到0.65。
同时，根据上述比率在两个独立参数之间的权重差异，上述量值关系也用来实现接头100内的结构抗性平衡，目的是减小尺寸和重量，同时允许所述峰值应力最小，因此延长定速万向接头100在“疲劳”和恒定应力条件下的使用寿命。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于定速万向接头(100)的壳体(50)，所述壳体(50)具有旋转轴线(X)，并包括彼此整体形成并沿着所述旋转轴线(X)串联的杯形件(51A)和柄(51B)；和插置在所述杯形件(51A)和所述柄(51B)之间的肩部(60)，其中所述壳体(50)，包括形成在所述肩部(60)处并位于面向所述杯形件(51A)一侧的凹部(61)，以及其中：肩部(60)由第一表面(60A)和由第二表面(60S)界定，第一表面(60A)是横穿所述轴线(X)并面向柄(51B)的横向表面，第二表面(60S)是连接到第一表面(60A)的柱状表面，并且第二表面(60S)具有大于柄(51B)柱状外表面(51S)直径(DGO)的外径(DER)，所述壳体(50)的特征在于：
i.杯形件(51A)由柱状表面(52)从外部界定在柄(51B)的相对侧上；
ii.凹部(61)在肩部(60)的第二表面(60S)和杯形件(51A)的柱状表面(52)之间形成杯形件(51A)的外轮廓；
iii.以增大壳体(50)相对于静态和动态应力的机械抗性，因此增大接头(100)的结构抗性。
2.如权利要求1所述的壳体，其特征在于：所述柄(51B)具有外侧第一直径(DGO)；和所述肩部(60)具有外侧第二直径(DER)和相对于所述凹部(61)的底部(F)的内侧第三直径(DIR)，所述第三直径(DIR)的量值与所述第二直径(DGO)和第一直径(DER)的代数和之间的比率大于等于0.4且小于等于0.7。
3.如权利要求2所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述肩部(60)由横向表面(60A)横向界定，所述横向表面距离所述凹部(61)的底部(F)给定的第一距离(XDI)，其距离一圆(P)给定的第二距离(XDE)，所述圆通过将所述肩部(60)的外径向表面(60S)轴向投影到所述凹部(61)的外曲线(61B)上形成，所述第二距离(XDE)和所述第一距离(XDI)的量值之间的比率介于1.6和2.5之间。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述杯形件(51A)包括具有给定内半径(RGA)的内球形表面(52)，该内球形表面轴向定心在给定点(Z)处，所述给定点距离所述肩部(60)的横向表面(61A)位于第三距离(OFS)处，所述第三距离(OFS)的量值与0.707倍的所述内半径(RGA)的量值之间的差值介于17和25之间。
5.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述柄(51B)的所述外表面(51S)的第一直径(DGO)的量值与2倍的所述杯形件(51A)的内球形表面(52)的内半径(RGA)的量值之间的比率介于0.30和0.65之间。
6.一种定速万向接头(100)，其特征在于，至少包括如前述权利要求任一项所述的壳体(50)。
CN201010147548.0A 2009-03-25 2010-03-25 定速万向接头壳体 Active CN101846139B (zh)

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US11098764B2 (en) * 2017-05-22 2021-08-24 Steering Solutions Ip Holding Corporation Universal joint or constant velocity joint torque transmission interface

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DE2548722A1 (de) * 1975-10-31 1977-05-05 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh Lagerungsanordnung einer ueber ein gleichlaufdrehgelenk antreibbaren radnabe
JPS604376B2 (ja) * 1978-10-11 1985-02-04 トヨタ自動車株式会社 トリポ−ド型自在継手に於けるロ−ラと針状コロの保持構造
DE3244196C2 (de) * 1982-11-30 1986-01-02 Löhr & Bromkamp GmbH, 6050 Offenbach Gleichlaufdrehgelenk
DE4217322C1 (de) * 1992-05-26 1993-12-23 Gkn Automotive Ag Kugelgleichlaufdrehgelenk und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
JP3403572B2 (ja) * 1996-03-08 2003-05-06 株式会社日立ユニシアオートモティブ 等速自在継手
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JP4756376B2 (ja) * 2006-09-29 2011-08-24 株式会社ジェイテクト クロスグルーブ型等速ジョイント
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JP5235296B2 (ja) * 2006-11-27 2013-07-10 株式会社ジェイテクト クロスグルーブ形等速ジョイント
CN200995390Y (zh) * 2007-01-16 2007-12-26 郁富生 外球笼拆卸装置

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US8313386B2 (en) 2012-11-20
JP2010230167A (ja) 2010-10-14
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US20100248848A1 (en) 2010-09-30
EP2233763B1 (en) 2012-11-07
CN101846139A (zh) 2010-09-29
ES2402811T3 (es) 2013-05-09
JP5795149B2 (ja) 2015-10-14

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