CN1018235B - 含有颗粒添加剂的香烟过滤嘴及其制造方法 - Google Patents
含有颗粒添加剂的香烟过滤嘴及其制造方法Info
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
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Abstract
香烟过滤嘴包括由加有颗粒添加剂的香烟过滤材料构成的滤杆,其中至少部分颗粒添加剂集中在与其他过滤材料组合在一起的一根或有限根的纱线和/或条带上,所说添加剂粘附在所说纱线和/或条带上。
Description
本发明涉及含有颗粒添加剂的香烟过滤嘴,颗粒添加剂如吸附剂,即如活性碳、硅胶、海泡石、铝土和离子交换物质等。
制造这种滤嘴的现有各种生产过程存在着一种或多种生产缺陷,如:产品质量和均匀度的控制,机械磨损。
根据本发明,至少部分颗粒添加剂集中在与其他过滤材料组合在一起的一根或有限根的纱线和/或条带上,该添加剂粘附在所说纱线和/或条带上。最好至少滤嘴中的大部分该颗粒添加剂粘附在所说纱线和/或条带上,而更好的方案是,所有的该颗粒添加剂都粘附在所说纱线和/或条带上,尽管滤嘴可以携带部分未被纱线和/或条带携带的颗粒添加剂。
该颗粒添加剂适合于利用热熔性粘合剂、高熔点聚乙烯甘油、乳液状粘合剂如聚乙烯醇,使其粘附在所说纱线和/或条带上。
所用的任何颗粒添加剂可以是单一的一种物质或混合物。
加有添加剂的纱线和/或条带通常具有与滤杆全长相等的长度。
最好使某一根或每根携带添加剂的纱线和/或条带的全长都均匀地粘附上颗粒添加剂,但有时也会有不均匀粘附的情况出现,即有可能使纱线和/或条带的任一段长或几段度上带有粘附的颗粒添加剂,而另一段或几段长度上则不带或装有不同的一种或几种添加剂,上述这两种类型(即全长涂覆和部分长度段涂覆)都可以采用。虽然一根纱线或条带可以在其不同长度段上涂覆不同的颗粒涂层,(如由涂量、混合物的均匀度、颗粒大小或其它特性之一或几个特性所引起的不同),但最好还是使给定的一根纱线或条带有一个均匀
的颗粒涂层(不论是全长还是部分长度段)。在一根纱线或条带上的颗粒涂层可不同于其他纱线或条带上的涂层。
可以使两根或多根带有颗粒添加剂的纱线和/或条带贯穿排列在滤嘴部分,或者使其在过滤介质的其他部分中间组合在一起以构成一个或多个含有添加剂的滤芯,这样的滤芯可提供一条通过滤嘴的通路,该通路的压力降要低于滤嘴其他部分的压力降,因此,便可增加与添加剂接触的烟气流量。这种芯子可由一种套筒封装,如用塑料膜或一般塞套制成的套筒;这种套筒可由透气或不透气材料制成,带有套筒的芯子通常是预先加工好的。
与加有颗粒添加剂的纱线和/或条带组合在一起的过滤体可以采用普通烟(如香烟)滤嘴的材料,因此,它可以是人造短纤维或长丝束(醋酸纤维素可适用于任一种情况),或者也可以是皱纹纸。
由于纱线或纱线束上粘附有添加剂,故它通常要比构成过滤体的其他纤维(如人造短纤维或长丝束)粗糙些,过滤体可被另一些普通材料如皱纹纸所代替。
本发明的一种制造方法是,过滤材料(最好是长丝束)被聚集在一起而形成筒形(如利用有中心芯棒的构件),在制成筒的同时或在其后将粘有颗粒添加剂的一根或多根纱线和/或条带送入中心部分中(如通过芯棒的中心孔)来形成一个芯子,然后将该制得的连续滤条切成一定长度。该含有添加剂的滤芯将提供一个具有较低压力降的滤嘴通路,该压力降低于周围环绕部分的压力降。为此,人们应该采用比制成环绕筒形部分的长丝粗和/或包装密度小的纱线作芯。预加工的包有套筒的加有添加剂的纱线或条带将穿入所说芯棒。
本发明的另一制造方法是滤嘴材料(如人造短纤维、长丝束、
皱纹纸或其他普通滤嘴材料)被聚集在一起而成条杆状,在该滤条形成的同时或之前,一根或多根粘附有颗粒添加剂的纱线和/或条带与该滤嘴材料组合在一起。
在本发明的这些方法中,滤嘴材料和加有添加剂的纱线和/或条带的供给过程、将它们聚集起来及使其形成条杆状或有芯的筒状的过程、以及将得到的长的产品切成一定长度的过程,均可用普通滤嘴制造机械连续地,以直线作业的方式进行加工。滤嘴材料可在聚集和成型时被粘着在一起,制成一种尺寸恒定的,无套筒的产品,在需要的时候,可在其成形时将套筒连续地供给并包封上述滤嘴。
可以不把在纱线和/或条带上涂覆粘合剂(如利用牵引它们通过一个活性粘合剂的贮槽或其他供给容器)和然后再涂覆添加剂(如利用在粘合剂及具有活性时牵引它们通过一个颗料添加剂的贮槽、流化床、循环液流或其他供给容器)的步骤作为上述直线连续作业流程中的部分,而是使涂有粘合剂的纱线和/或条带从另外的供给装置中独立地制得,然后,使粘合剂活化(如热软化)和涂覆添加剂的工序则加入该直线并与滤嘴生产一起连续进行加工。粘合剂的均匀涂覆(如通过聚乙烯醇的液槽)可通过调节操作,如通过调节一个小孔或通路,或通过调节刮刀或两个刮刀的间隙来保证。向涂有粘合剂的纱线和/或条带上涂覆颗粒添加剂的量通常为尽可能的最大量,这取决于添加剂的粒度、纱线和/或条带的圆周长等因素。当用加有颗粒添加剂的纱线作带封套的芯子时,涂好的纱线可如上述被普通直线操作连续成型、连续地聚集和包封,所得的包有套筒的芯子以直线作业方式被直接喂入所述滤嘴生产过程。其次,涂有添加剂的纱线或条带可被独立地预先制成,然后再喂入滤嘴成形过程
(或通过封套滤芯的成形过程再进入滤嘴成形过程)。
适于本发明的热熔粘性合剂为各种聚酯粘合剂。
采用加有添加剂的纱线将比条带更有利于达到本发明的目的,可采用一到十根,如一至四根纱线组合入过滤体。每根纱线上添加剂的涂量变化范围可以很宽(如可从0.25毫克/毫米到2、0毫克/毫米),整个整个滤嘴上添加剂的总含量可根据生产需要而定(如20毫米长度的滤嘴上的添加剂含量可为25~100毫克)。当然,通过选择纱线数量和/或其上添加剂的含量,可以控制滤嘴上添加剂的总含量。
按生产要求,其他参数的变化范围也可以很宽,例如,它们包括单丝与丝束的但数比(当过滤体由长丝束制成时)、纱线的但数(当采用纱线来携带颗粒添加剂时)、添加剂的粒度等等。适宜的单丝与丝束的但数比如5/32000、5/90000、和2.5/45000;合适的加添加剂的纱线但数比如可为1000但左右,活性碳添加剂的一种合适的粒度为12/30英国标准粒度,而另一种为30/70英国标准粒度。
本发明所使用的纱线或条带为任一种无毒材料,该纱线或条带可为一种纺织材料,如一根或多根单长丝、单纱、或纱条、股线、纺织带、或无纺带。合适的纱线为缝纫线,它有着很好的匀度。对纱线并不要求完全相同,它可以是天然纤维制成的纱线和/或合成纤维制成的纱线。人造丝、尼龙、和聚酯都是可用来制成满意的上述纱线的材料,而另一种材料,即棉纤维,特别是丝光棉纱则可用来制成高质量的缝纫线。
颗粒添加剂通常是或者包含一种吸附剂或多种吸附剂的混合物,至少部分颗粒添加剂中含有一种香料。
本发明的优点为使用普通设备就可进行将活性碳或其他颗粒添加剂加入香烟滤嘴的操作,而不会带来生产或设备上的问题,特别是可采用现有均匀涂覆添加剂的技术,根据需要简单而准确地改变涂量。本发明的滤嘴使颗粒添加剂粘附在纱线和/或条带上,以完全发挥,或者说充分发挥其对香烟烟气的过滤作用,因此,本发明的过滤嘴可获得较好的焦油含量、尼古丁含量、蒸汽截留量、和焦油与尼古丁的截留值之比。
本发明的滤杆可连续生产然后被切成一定长度,每个独立的所述长度段可用来制成一支香烟的滤嘴,但最好还是用来在其长度方向上与至少一个作为复合香烟滤嘴一部分的另一种过滤部分相连接,本发明的一个独立的过滤部分最好与两个普通外形的端部部分沿长度方向连接起来,如与由醋酸纤维素的长丝束制成的均匀芯棒连接在一起。
下面参照图表,通过以下实施例来进一步说明本发明。
例1至例6采用英国标准粒度为12/30的SC2碳(选自chemviron),利用热熔聚酯粘合剂将其涂覆在三根纺织纱线上,每根纱线但数为1000但左右。各例中的滤杆长度均为20毫米,圆周长为25毫米左右。
例1和例2用2.5/45000但数的醋酸纤维束围绕一个芯棒聚集成筒形,三根加有活性碳的纱线穿过该筒形成一芯子。
在例3中,与例1和例2一样的醋酸纤维束在不使用中心芯棒,但同时喂入三根加有活性碳的纱线的情况下,被聚集成条杆形状。
在例4至例6的方法与例3相同,但它以皱纹纸制制的代用品来代替醋酸纤维束,各例中纸的裹法不同,给各例的滤杆带来不同的压力降。
下面的图表给出了各个滤嘴的压力降、总的含碳量、以及各烟气组分截留量的百分比。试验是在标准吸烟机上,与标准香烟相连,在标准条件下进行的。
表中的压力降是在“全密封”的条件下测定的,即在只是尾部暴露
在标准空气流的条件下测定,压力降以毫米水柱表示
例 压力降 含碳量 截留量%
乙醛 异戊二烯 甲苯
号 (毫米) (毫克) 丙烯醛 丙酮
1 52 92 8.5 16.6 46.9 16.9 62.9
2 48 81.5 9.3 29.4 43.7 16.3 63.7
3 102 96 11.4 38.0 48.6 25.4 69.2
4 22 76 14.4 34.9 47.1 28.3 50.8
5 72 84 29.3 47.2 53.2 45.6 74.4
6 110 85 35.4 49.7 60.7 45.6 79.3
例7:
本例采用英国标准粒度为12/30的萨特来夫斯比克曼(sutcliffespeakman)208C活性碳,每根纤度为1000但的五根纺织纱线,利用粘合剂在其上涂覆上述活性碳,每根纱线上的涂量为1.5毫克/毫米左右。该五根纱线先通过装有聚乙烯醇型粘合剂的液体粘合剂贮槽,以涂上粘合剂,同时可通过调节来进行粘合剂涂量的控制;然后,在该粘粘合剂仍具有活性时,沿长度方向牵拉该纱线通过活性碳的贮槽,覆盖上一层活性碳。在同一连续直线作业过程中,利用普通物件,将得到的五根涂覆有碳的纱线聚集和用厄卡斯塔(Ecusta)热封空心套筒包封起来,然后将所得封装好的芯子穿过构件的中心孔,使聚集成筒形的但数比为3.3/32000的醋酸纤维长丝束环绕在来自中心孔的该封装好的芯子周围,连续地制成组合滤杆;成型后,滤杆被切成一定的长度。这种组合滤杆的“全密封”压力降为每毫米长度2毫米水柱。这种组合滤嘴段(12毫米长、密封压力降为23毫米长水栓左右)可制成复合滤嘴,该12毫米长的滤嘴段两端与两个6毫米的NWA滤嘴(未裹,由醋酸纤维素长丝束粘结而成)装配在一起,然后包上普通的封套。
复合滤嘴的长度为24毫米,圆周长为24.4毫米,密封压力降为85毫米水柱,下面给出了各烟气组分截留量的百分比:
乙醛 27.6%
丙烯醛 49.4%
丙酮 49.3%
异戊二烯 31.7%
甲苯 51.4%
Claims (7)
1、香烟过滤嘴,其中包括由加有颗粒添加剂的香烟过滤材料构成的滤杆,其特征在于至少部分颗粒添加剂集中在与其他过滤材料组合在一起的一根或有限根的纱线和/或条带上,该添加剂粘附在所说纱线和/或条带上,其中还包括由许多所说涂有添加剂的纱线和/或条子聚集在一起所组成的芯子,所说芯子用一个套筒封装。
2、如权利要求1所述的滤嘴,其特征在于所有颗粒添加剂均在所说纱线和/或条带上。
3、如权利要求1所述的滤嘴,其特征在于颗粒添加剂被非常均匀地涂在某根或每根纱线和/或带上。
4、如权利要求1所述的滤嘴,其特征在于至少有一根所说纱线和/或条带涂有不同于其他所说纱线和/或条带的颗粒涂层。
5、香烟过滤嘴的成型方法,其特征在于将组合有一根或有限根粘附有颗粒添加剂的纱线和/或条带的香烟过滤材料聚集在一起,制成杆状或筒状,其中还将多根所说涂有添加剂的纱线和/或条带先被聚集在一起制成芯子,然后被传送并与其他滤嘴材料组合在一起,在与其他滤嘴材料组合之前,所说芯子可被包上封套。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于至少用颗粒添加剂涂覆所说纱线和/或条带的步骤、和使所说涂有颗粒添加剂的纱线和/或条带与其他香烟过滤材料聚集在一起而制成杆状或筒状的步骤,是以连续的、直线操作方式进行的。
7、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于包括牵拉所说纱线和/或条带通过液体粘合剂(如聚乙烯醇)的供给容器,然后,在所说粘合剂仍具有活性时,再通过颗粒添加剂的供给容器的步骤。
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GB888823388A GB8823388D0 (en) | 1988-10-05 | 1988-10-05 | Tobacco smoke filter containing particulate additive |
GB8823388 | 1988-10-05 |
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CN1042054A CN1042054A (zh) | 1990-05-16 |
CN1018235B true CN1018235B (zh) | 1992-09-16 |
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CN89108377A Expired CN1018235B (zh) | 1988-10-05 | 1989-10-01 | 含有颗粒添加剂的香烟过滤嘴及其制造方法 |
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US (1) | US5012828A (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2634252B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR960003575B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1018235B (zh) |
AT (1) | AT398884B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1333465C (zh) |
CH (1) | CH679107A5 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3932891C2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2016736A6 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2637161B1 (zh) |
GB (2) | GB8823388D0 (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1231089B (zh) |
NL (1) | NL8902446A (zh) |
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CN104095289B (zh) * | 2014-08-05 | 2017-07-18 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种含缓释香料片的卷烟滤嘴及其应用 |
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-
1988
- 1988-10-05 GB GB888823388A patent/GB8823388D0/en active Pending
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1989
- 1989-09-26 GB GB8921660A patent/GB2223393B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-29 AT AT0227089A patent/AT398884B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-29 CA CA000614586A patent/CA1333465C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-29 IT IT8921883A patent/IT1231089B/it active
- 1989-09-29 CH CH3532/89A patent/CH679107A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-29 JP JP1252532A patent/JP2634252B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-29 US US07/415,049 patent/US5012828A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-30 KR KR1019890014132A patent/KR960003575B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1989-10-01 CN CN89108377A patent/CN1018235B/zh not_active Expired
- 1989-10-02 DE DE3932891A patent/DE3932891C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-02 FR FR8912833A patent/FR2637161B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-02 NL NL8902446A patent/NL8902446A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-10-02 ES ES8903308A patent/ES2016736A6/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
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CN1075525C (zh) * | 1995-08-23 | 2001-11-28 | 关西油漆株式会社 | 单包装环氧树脂组合物单包装防腐蚀漆组合物及使用方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CH679107A5 (zh) | 1991-12-31 |
GB8921660D0 (en) | 1989-11-08 |
IT1231089B (it) | 1991-11-12 |
FR2637161A1 (fr) | 1990-04-06 |
CA1333465C (en) | 1994-12-13 |
CN1042054A (zh) | 1990-05-16 |
DE3932891A1 (de) | 1990-04-12 |
US5012828A (en) | 1991-05-07 |
IT8921883A0 (it) | 1989-09-29 |
GB8823388D0 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
NL8902446A (nl) | 1990-05-01 |
JP2634252B2 (ja) | 1997-07-23 |
FR2637161B1 (fr) | 1995-03-17 |
DE3932891C2 (de) | 2003-06-12 |
GB2223393A (en) | 1990-04-11 |
ES2016736A6 (es) | 1990-11-16 |
AT398884B (de) | 1995-02-27 |
KR900005913A (ko) | 1990-05-07 |
KR960003575B1 (ko) | 1996-03-20 |
GB2223393B (en) | 1992-11-04 |
ATA227089A (de) | 1994-07-15 |
JPH02186969A (ja) | 1990-07-23 |
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