CN101818644B - Well digging process of mining vertical shaft by adopting one-drilling well completion and well drilling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a well digging process of a mining vertical shaft by adopting a one-drilling well completion and well drilling method. The well digging process is mainly used for solving the problems of large equipment occupation rate, high engineering cost, low working efficiency and sloe well completion speed in the existing well completion process of the mining vertical shaft. The well digging process mainly comprises the following steps: 1) drilling the shaft; 2) prefabricating the well wall; 3) sinking the well wall; and 4) carrying out wall back filling; the well is completed by only adopting the way of a primary pilot hole and a primary core drilling hole in the 1) shaft drilling process, the process can greatly improve the well completion speed of well digging by the well drilling method by about 20%; furthermore, as the process only adopts the primary pilot hole for drilling, the process can reduce the equipment occupation rate, reduce the discharge amount of slurry by about 20% and reduce the environmental protection; due to the adoption of a high-power drilling machine, a special drilling tool and reasonable technical parameters, the skew ratio of the well completion is less than 0.04%.

Description

Vertical shaft for mine pit shaft one is drilled to well sinking by boring technology

Technical field:

The present invention relates to adopt the construction technology of sinking by boring in the mine working construction, a kind of specifically vertical shaft for mine pit shaft one that is used for is drilled to well sinking by boring technology.

Background technology:

Sinking by boring is a kind of Fully-mechanized comprehensive sinking shaft technology, and the staff realizes digging a well and do not go into the well in ground handling.1. construction technology comprises the stratum broken rock and soil, carries, carries and separate; 2. expand well step by step; 3. well group temporary lining; 4. permanent support comprises the borehole wall manufacture, suspend sinking, support with backfilling, slip casting etc.Utilization drives drilling rod at the major diameter Rotary table for drilling machine of ground configuration, and drilling rod drives the drill bit rotation, and the hobboing cutter on the drill bit is realized rotation and revolution, and the stratum is produced impact, extruding, scraping comprehensive function, and layer is broken on the spot; After boring reaches the degree of depth, creep into and revise well and reach hole deviation partially through repeatedly expanding well again, when reaching intended diameter again with the steel concrete borehole wall prefabricated on the ground or steel plate concrete composite shaft lining, connect by joint with the steel flange dish, in mud-filled wellhole, suspension sinks down into the shaft bottom and makes permanent support.At last in borehole wall periphery with cement paste or other material, the filling well cementation of mud is replaced in segmentation according to formation condition.Existing sinking by boring technology is crept into link owing to comprise repeatedly reaming, though repeatedly reaming can relatively effectively utilize drill capacity, also has many problems: a plurality of reaming bits of needs, and the hold facility amount is big, the engineering cost height; Service working time is long, work efficiency is low, becomes well speed slow, can not satisfy quick shaft building needs.

Summary of the invention:

In order to reduce construction cost, reduce drilling time, accelerate into well speed, the invention provides a kind of vertical shaft for mine pit shaft " is drilled to well " sinking by boring technology.The method that the once leading hole drill of this process using advances improves the one-tenth well speed of sinking by boring greatly, safety, reliable, construction cost is low.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: 1, a kind of vertical shaft for mine pit shaft one is drilled to well sinking by boring technology, mainly comprises the following steps:

1. pit shaft creep into, 2. prefabricated, the 3. 4. support with backfilling of the borehole wall that sinks of the borehole wall.

1. pit shaft creeps into: boring adopts once whole hole, leading hole to become the form of well; It is AD130-1000 type rig that rig adopts the model of Luoyang mining machinery design and research institute and the co-design manufacturing of the special sinking shaft of middle coal company, and hobboing cutter or scraper can be selected insert cutter or middle tooth cutter by geological conditions; Drive kelly and common drilling rod by unit head, drive the drill bit rotation; Insert cutter or middle tooth cutter are housed on the drill bit, the broken rock of rotation under certain pressure, making catalase is landwaste, send into compressed air by the airduct in the drilling rod then, rise the mud that the liquid method will contain landwaste with calming the anger and drain into ground at a high speed, the mud that contains landwaste returns in the well after through ground precipitation purified treatment; The rig rotating speed is 0-18r/min during this time, drill pressure less than drill bit in mud weight 60%, when each stratum handing-over band and weathered zone crept into, the pressure of the drill suitably reduced 5-10T again on original basis.

Be the verticality of monitoring boring,, adopt the ultrasonic wave logging instrument, deviational survey is carried out in boring, can continue construction after meeting standard when creeping into certain depth or boring when finishing, otherwise, adopt correction to handle;

2. the borehole wall is prefabricated: when creeping into, and prefabricated lining on the ground, the borehole wall is the steel concrete borehole wall or steel plate composite shaft lining, does by restraining on the basis after the levelling on the ground;

3. the borehole wall sinks: utilize mud that the buoyancy of the borehole wall is added ballast water then in well, the borehole wall is slowly sunk, and control its hoverheight in mud, and during borehole wall spreading behind centering, weld, the borehole wall is set upright after sinking to the end, qualified after with suitable for reading fixing;

4. support with backfilling: be the annular space filling and injecting slurry between the borehole wall and rock group, from bottom to top branch plurality of sections height carries out, and adopts cement paste and rubble to replace filling, and the first filling section adopts the backfilling cement slurries, rock filling is inserted equably by well head, is consolidated into well then.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: owing to adopt above-mentioned technology, will hole and the classification reaming changes into and once holes into well, repeatedly reaming became well speed 25～30m/ month originally, changed the back and became well speed can reach 30～40m/ month, became well speed raising about 20%; Owing to shortened drilling time, it is about 20% that the mud emission amount reduces, and reduces a large amount of mud storage space areas, reduces the pollution to environment; Owing to adopted high-power rig and special drilling tool and rational technical data, make the useful area in the whole hole of drilling well satisfy the installation requirement that borehole wall suspension is sunk, become the deviating rate less than 0.04%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a leading hole schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of drilling construction.

1-master cylinder among the figure, 2-drilling cramp, 3-balladeur train, 4-unit head, 5-hydraulic pressure, electrical system, 6-drilling machine platform, 7-seals flatcar, 8-drilling rod, 9-drill bit, 11-discharge trough, 13-discharge pipe, 15-ground mud pit, 16-mud groove, 17-mud, 18-wellhole, 19-fore shaft.

The specific embodiment:

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

To shown in Figure 2, this vertical shaft for mine pit shaft one is drilled to well sinking by boring technology, mainly comprises the following steps: by Fig. 1

1. pit shaft creep into, 2. prefabricated, the 3. 4. support with backfilling of the borehole wall that sinks of the borehole wall;

At first 1., pit shaft creeps into: boring adopts once whole hole, leading hole to become the form of well, and as shown in Figure 1,2 is drilling cramp among the figure, and 17 is mud, and 9 is the whole drill in leading hole; The vertical trepan that boring adopts power unit type hydraulic cylinder to promote is made by Luoyang mining machinery design and research institute and the special sinking shaft of middle coal company co-design, and model is an AD130-1000 type rig; Drilling tool can be selected insert cutter or middle tooth cutter according to geological conditions, and topsoil is generally used middle tooth cutter, and rock section is generally used insert cutter; Creep into as shown in Figure 2, drilling machine platform 6 is installed on the ground fore shaft 19, and install and seals flatcar 7 at the female end place of fore shaft 19, and drilling machine platform 6 is equipped with hydraulic pressure, electrical system 5; Process is as follows: master cylinder 1 is by drilling cramp 2 guiding, propulsion power head 4 moves down along balladeur train 3, drive common drilling rod and kelly 8 in the process that moves down, drive drill bit 9 rotations, insert cutter or middle tooth cutter are housed on the drill bit 9, the broken rock of rotation under certain pressure, form wellhole 18 when making catalase be landwaste, send into compressed air by the airduct in the drilling rod 8 then, rise the mud 17 that liquid will contain landwaste with calming the anger and drain into ground mud pit 15 by drilling rod 8 and discharge pipe 13 at a high speed through discharge trough 11, the mud that contains landwaste returns in the well by mud groove 16 after through ground precipitation purified treatment.Technical data is during this time: rig moment of torsion 600kNm, unit head rotating speed 0-18r/min; Drill pressure less than drill bit in mud weight 60%, when each stratum handing-over band and weathered zone crept into, the pressure of the drill suitably reduced 5-10T again on original basis.

Be the verticality of monitoring boring,, adopt the ultrasonic wave logging instrument, deviational survey is carried out in boring, can continue construction after meeting standard when creeping into certain depth or boring when finishing, otherwise, adopt correction to handle;

2. the borehole wall is prefabricated: when creeping into, and prefabricated lining on the ground, the borehole wall is the steel concrete borehole wall and steel plate composite shaft lining, does by restraining on the basis after the levelling on the ground;

3. the borehole wall sinks: be to utilize mud that the buoyancy of the borehole wall is added ballast water then in well, the borehole wall is slowly sunk, and control its hoverheight in mud, and behind centering, weld during borehole wall spreading, what aligning method generally adopted is to fasten a meter word line at borehole wall center, fastens a vertical line and a rice word line central point centering then; The borehole wall is set upright after sinking to the end, and the setting upright of pit shaft just generally adopted two 20-30T jack tops, notes needing to guarantee the synchronism of jack, will suitable for readingly fix after qualified;

4. support with backfilling: be the annular space filling and injecting slurry between the borehole wall and rock group, from bottom to top branch plurality of sections height carries out, adopt cement paste and rubble to replace filling, pipe slip casting method in the first filling section adopts, the backfilling cement slurries, both arranged 5 interior grouting pipelines in pit shaft, wherein 4 are used for first section high filling, and remaining one is used for checking secondary after-teeming slurry behind the wall; Rock filling is inserted equably by well head, is consolidated into well then.

When implementing vertical shaft for mine pit shaft " expands into well " sinking by boring technology, the main technique technical requirements is as follows:

(1) control of pit shaft deflection: drill bit all guarantees to aim at drill center under its free state before creeping into, and its Deviation Control is in 5mm; The employed the pressure of the drill of borings at different levels all less than drill bit in mud weight 60%; When each stratum handing-over band and weathered zone crept into, the pressure of the drill suitably reduced 5-10T again on original basis; Adopting SKD-1 type ultrasonic wave logging instrument, the verticality and the hole diameter of borings at different levels are measured timely, so that in time take satisfactory after correcting, generally is will carry creeping into capable cleaning bottom of hole, reaches requirement up to deviation proportion and hole diameter.

(2) well group is stable: strict control drilling parameter; the pressure of the drill less than drill bit in mud weight 60%; the leading general rotating speed 5r/min in hole; moment of torsion is the 40%-60% of rig peak torque; the general 3r/min of reaming; moment of torsion is 80% of a rig maximum capacity; and take all factors into consideration the mud property parameter; 1. suppress pulping: adopt the high molecular polymer chemical agent, utilize its special construction preferentially to occupy the adsorbable zone on landwaste surface, form topping on its surface; stop effectively with mud in the contacting of Free water; suppress the aquation of slime water, broken landwaste is kept intact substantially, thereby suppress the complete pulping of soil block in creeping into drilling cuttings.2. reduce sand factor: utilize sedimentation basin to lean on the bigger landwaste of action of gravity sedimentation diameter; Discharge less landwaste with cyclone again; And then with more tiny landwaste of sodium phosphate trimer flocculating setting and flour sand.3. reduce fluid loss: if mud viscosity surpasses 24s, first thin up (fluid loss may raise, but the mud skin forms, can not cause too big harm) to 24s adds CMC again, and fluid loss is lowered.4. mud parameter is controlled principle: to control fluid loss, to relax density value is means, and to form the head of liquid of the inboard head of liquid of hole wall greater than the hole wall outside, the assurance well is helped stable.

(3) processing of balled bit: take various several measures, as reducing the mud viscosity, control fluid loss, strict control drilling parameter is offered side draught and is closed up, and strengthens the mud uptake.

This technology becomes well speed to improve about 20% owing to adopt once leading hole to become the technology of well; It is about 20% that the mud emission amount reduces, and reduces the pollution to environment; Owing to adopted high-power rig and special drilling tool and rational technical data, made into the deviating rate less than 0.04%.This technology is not only used coal industry, also can use in other similar underground mine engineering.

Claims (1)

1. a vertical shaft for mine pit shaft one is drilled to well sinking by boring technology, mainly comprises the following steps:

1. pit shaft creep into, 2. prefabricated, 3. the sink borehole wall, 4. support with backfilling of the borehole wall,

Described 1. pit shaft creeps into: whole hole, leading hole is adopted in boring, it is AD130-1000 type rig that rig adopts the model of Luoyang mining machinery design and research institute and the co-design manufacturing of the special sinking shaft of middle coal company, hobboing cutter or scraper are pressed geological conditions and are selected insert cutter or middle tooth cutter, drive kelly and common drilling rod by unit head, drive the drill bit rotation; Insert cutter or middle tooth cutter are housed on the drill bit, the broken rock of rotation under the driving pressure of unit head, making catalase is landwaste, send into compressed air by the airduct in the drilling rod then, rise the mud that the liquid method will contain landwaste with calming the anger and drain into ground at a high speed, the mud that contains landwaste returns in the well after through ground precipitation purified treatment; During pit shaft crept into, the rig rotating speed was 0-18r/min, drill pressure less than drill bit in mud weight 60%, when each stratum handing-over band and weathered zone crept into, the pressure of the drill suitably reduced 5-10T again on original basis.

Be the verticality of monitoring boring,, adopt the ultrasonic wave logging instrument, deviational survey is carried out in boring, can continue construction after meeting standard when creeping into certain depth or boring when finishing, otherwise, adopt correction to handle;

2. the borehole wall is prefabricated: when creeping into, and prefabricated lining on the ground, the borehole wall is the steel concrete borehole wall or steel plate composite shaft lining, does by restraining on the basis after the levelling on the ground;

3. the borehole wall sinks: utilize mud that the buoyancy of the borehole wall is added ballast water then in well, the borehole wall is slowly sunk, and control its hoverheight in mud, and during borehole wall spreading behind centering, weld, the borehole wall is set upright after sinking to the end, qualified after with suitable for reading fixing;

4. support with backfilling: be the annular space filling and injecting slurry between the borehole wall and rock group, from bottom to top branch plurality of sections height carries out, and adopts cement paste and rubble to replace filling, and the first filling section adopts the backfilling cement slurries, rock filling is inserted equably by well head, is consolidated into well then.

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