CN101804417A - Active landfill method of urban domestic garbage - Google Patents

Active landfill method of urban domestic garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101804417A
CN101804417A CN 201010167169 CN201010167169A CN101804417A CN 101804417 A CN101804417 A CN 101804417A CN 201010167169 CN201010167169 CN 201010167169 CN 201010167169 A CN201010167169 A CN 201010167169A CN 101804417 A CN101804417 A CN 101804417A
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landfill
treatment
domestic waste
rubbish
described step
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CN101804417B (en
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于景成
田丹
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BEIJING CANFIT RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
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BEIJING CANFIT RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES Inc
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Abstract

The invention relates to an active landfill method of urban domestic garbage, which comprises the following steps of: adopting subarea operation for garbage landfill, carrying out anaerobic treatment on the landfilled garbage, carrying out aerobic treatment on the landfilled garbage after the anaerobic treatment, sorting the garbage after the aerobic treatment and sorting unusable residues for landfill treatment. By the steps, 100% of hazard-free treatment, 75.5% of reduction and 45.5%recycling of the urban domestic garbage are realized. The use time of a garbage landfill field is prolonged by 75.5%, thereby the sustainable landfill is farthest realized.

Description

The active landfill method of domestic waste
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of active landfill method of domestic waste, particularly a kind ofly realize innoxious, the minimizing of domestic waste, resource, prolong the refuse landfill active landfill method in service life.
Background technology
The mode that urban garbage disposal is taked mainly contains processing methods such as landfill, compost, burning.Wherein, garbage loading embeading is that present China disposes the most important method of domestic waste, and the house refuse more than 90% adopts landfill to handle.The required small investment of landfill technology, technology be simple, can handle all types of rubbish.But landfill is considered potential greatly harm from a long-term, such as, in the rubbish residual bacterium, virus can be with landfill loss of biological activity, there are hidden danger in the biogas, the heavy metal pollution that produce behind the garbage loading embeading, the rubbish effusion polluted underground water resource of generation.By landfill simply, rubbish just is placed on underground and does not accomplish harmless treatment, and has taken a large amount of soils and leave pollution sources for descendants, and therefore, present many developed countries prohibite the landfill crude waste.In China, the problem that garbage loading embeading produces also comes into one's own gradually, and increasing sanitary filling field is set up in each city, can solve the secondary pollution problem preferably.But the required place of sanitary filling field is big, and only the garbage loading embeading of Beijing is annual just needs more than 500 mu of soil, and annual rubbish is also with 8% speed increment.Present many places have faced the optional situation in no location.
Therefore, need better method to realize innoxious, minimizing, the resource of domestic waste, need better method to prolong the service life of refuse landfill.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of active landfill method of domestic waste, this method can be in landfill disposal new refuse and left over by history rubbish be converted into rubbish resources such as biogas, nutrition soil and Nonexpendable Item, avoid secondary pollution, make garbage loading embeading realize innoxious, minimizing, resource in position, and prolong the service life of refuse landfill.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of active landfill method of domestic waste, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following steps the landfill of domestic waste:
A. active landfill at first adopts district operation to refuse landfill.Refuse landfill is divided into the landfill reserve zone, anaerobism operation area, aerobic operation area and landfill operation district four major parts;
B. the rubbish to landfill carries out Anaerobic Treatment in the anaerobism operation area: the bio-degradable part in the rubbish is produced biogas in degraded;
C. anaerobism landfill waste is later carried out Aerobic Process for Treatment; Anaerobism operation area after the Anaerobic Treatment, or the surpassing 6 months landfill waste rubbish district and can transfer aerobic operation area to of left over by history are carried out Aerobic Process for Treatment in this district to landfill waste.
D. the material after the Aerobic Process for Treatment is carried out sorting, sub-elect Recyclable and expendable residue;
E. expendable residue carries out landfill disposal in the landfill operation district.
In the method for the invention,
At first carry out a step refuse landfill is divided into the landfill reserve zone, anaerobism operation area, aerobic operation area and landfill operation district four major parts.The bottom in all garbage loading embeading districts, periphery and top are covered with the antiseepage film domestic waste and at first enter the Anaerobic Treatment that the b step is carried out in the anaerobism operation area, and in the Anaerobic Treatment process, the bio-degradable of rubbish part produces biogas in degraded.So in the garbage loading embeading process, be equipped with the biogas discharge guiding pipe, be drilled with 2 millimeters aperture on the discharge guiding pipe.The biogas discharge guiding pipe has two groups, is installed in the different degree of depth respectively, 2 meters of the depth as shallow of first group depth ratio garbage loading embeading, and dark 1 meter of first group of second group depth ratio is beneficial to the orderly derivation of biogas.When Aerobic Process for Treatment, can on the biogas discharge guiding pipe, connect ajutage and induced duct respectively in addition.Biogas after the derivation is through after the preliminary treatment, and part is used for dining room, the boiler of our unit, and remainder is processed into combustible ice, and safe is transported in the resident family that lacks fuel.In rubbish Anaerobic Treatment process, every day is timely at the oversize or the nutrition soil of the 5mm screening machine of the surface coverage 0.1-0.3 of garbage loading embeading rice thickness, utilize the oversize of 5mm screening machine or the microorganism species of the maturation in the nutrition soil on the one hand, Anaerobic Treatment is started fast, on the other hand, preventing that foul smell from distributing with mosquitos and flies grows.On nutrition soil, add a cover antiseepage film again to reinforce sealing.The time of Anaerobic Treatment is 6 months, but is not limited to 6 months, mainly is that biogas output drops to an extremely low stable zone.
The anaerobism operation area can be transferred to the Aerobic Process for Treatment that the c step is carried out in aerobic operation area after the Anaerobic Treatment.If left over by history, pilling up time surpasses 6 months anaerobism operation area, nutrition regulating agents such as part rubbish and the microorganism of extracting from soil, compost and nitrogen, phosphorus, moisture can be carried out extensive the mixing, organic mulch that will be mixed with bacterial classification and nutritional agents with material distributing machine covers according to the thickness of the 0.1-0.3 rice rubbish to landfill.If microbial host culture propagation flora.Nitrogen mainly is urea, carbonic hydroammonium etc., and phosphorus mainly is calcium superphosphate, phosphoric acid diamines etc.The function that mulch itself has deodorizing, prevents the breeding of flies and mosquitoes.
The biogas discharge guiding pipe of Anaerobic Treatment has become ajutage and induced duct when Aerobic Process for Treatment.First group discharge guiding pipe is an ajutage, and second group discharge guiding pipe is an induced duct.Connect explosion-proof pressure fan on the top of ajutage, the top of induced duct connects explosion-proof air-introduced machine.If left over by history, pilling up time surpasses 6 months unordered landfill waste, can insert ajutage and induced duct in rubbish.Blower fan is step by the program that configures in advance to be landfill layer supply oxygen.The oxygen concentration of air-introduced machine outlet is not less than 2 mg/litre.55-65 ℃ fate reached more than 7 days.Compost temperature dropped near normal temperature in 30 days, and was stabilized in certain zone, and the bio-degradable part has just obtained effective degraded in new refuse or the left over by history rubbish at this moment, and pathogen is killed, and becomes the general compoiste fertilizer of nutrition soil or quality.Through the gas that air-introduced machine is drawn, enter deodoration system and carry out biological deodorization processing, qualified discharge then.After c step Aerobic Process for Treatment, rubbish weight reduces 30%, and volume reduces by 50%., be easy to sorting and do not produce airborne dust at 35-45% through the material water ratio after the c step Aerobic Process for Treatment.The bio-degradable material that is bonded in polybag and other inertial-garbage surface is degraded, and is easy to sorting and improves the efficiency of separation, improves nutrition local products rate simultaneously.
Finish entering the d step after the Aerobic Process for Treatment and carry out sorting, sorting is divided into mechanical sorting and artificial separation.Mechanical sorting and artificial separation are with Nonexpendable Item (as plastics and metal etc.), nutrition soil and residual garbage separately.Artificial at first will disruptive bulk rubbish such as stone, brick, tables and chairs etc. sort out, do not damaged with the assurance follow-up equipment by bulk rubbish.Material enters the plastics seperator by conveyer belt and sub-elects plastics, then the plastics packing is reclaimed.Magnetic separator has been equipped in the conveyer belt top that connects plastics seperator and 25mm material screening machine, and the metal species material is sorted out, and the metal that sub-elects reclaims.The oversize of 25mm screening machine and screenings enter letter sorting band I and letter sorting band II respectively, and the sorter sorts out residual plastic, glass, metal species material, drops into respectively in the storage box separately.The oversize of 25mm screening machine is transported to the landfill disposal that the landfill operation district carries out the e step, and the screenings through sorting enters the 10mm separating sieve.The oversize of 10mm separating sieve enters letter sorting band III, and the sorter sorts out residual plastic, glass, metal species material, is respectively charged in the storage box separately.The oversize of the 10mm screening machine through sorting is transported to the landfill disposal that the landfill operation district carries out the e step, and screenings enters the 5mm separating sieve.The oversize of 5mm separating sieve is as the part of next Anaerobic Treatment working face mulch, and screenings becomes compoiste fertilizer as the mulch of nutrition soil, landfill yard or through deep processing.Nonexpendable Item is sold to goods and materials and is reclaimed company or resource regeneration company.Through d step sorting process, the innoxious rate of rubbish has reached 100%, and the resource rate has reached 45.5%, and the residual garbage rate that can not utilize is 24.5%.
Remaining 24.5% the residual garbage that can not utilize of b step is sent to the landfill disposal that the landfill operation district carries out the e step.Through behind the above active landfill, prolonged for 75.5% service time the service life in soot.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1. domestic waste is through after method of the present invention carries out active landfill, can reach 100% innoxious.Surpass under 30% the situation at bio-degradable rubbish content, rubbish active landfill technology can activate aerobic reaction, make the temperature of windrow in 3-5 days, rise to 55-65oC, and can maintain (the U.S. EPA standard is to maintain more than the 55oC more than 3 days) more than 7 days.Along with the propelling of aerobic reaction, the harmful germ that is lower than the 55oC zone also can be killed by beneficial microorganism metabolism in the aerobic reaction.Therefore, the processing of carrying out rubbish active landfill technology through method of the present invention can realize that domestic waste 100% is innoxious.
2. after domestic waste carried out active landfill through method of the present invention, the resource degree improved greatly.Bio-degradable rubbish in the rubbish and sandy soil etc. become nutrition soil in the lump.Data in embodiment of the present invention show that this part can account for 40% of original rubbish weight, and plastics account for 4%, and metal accounts for 1%, and glass accounts for 0.5%, and the resource degree of utilizing active landfill method of the present invention to handle domestic waste as calculated reaches 45.5%.
3. after domestic waste carried out active landfill through method of the present invention, the decrement effect was remarkable, can improve the service life of refuse landfill greatly.Experimental data in embodiment of the present invention shows, rubbish has the whole decrement (with carbon dioxide and moisture evaporation) about 30% in the aerobic reaction process, add the evaporation that sub-elects 45.5% regenerated resources and Aerobic Process for Treatment gas and moisture, the minimizing degree of rubbish has reached 75.5%.Remaining 24.5% can carry out landfill disposal.That is to say, utilize the active landfill technology, refuse landfill can prolong the time of use 75.5%.
The feature of specific embodiments of the present invention has below been described
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing of describing non-limiting embodiments of the present invention is the block diagram of the integrated artistic flow process of one embodiment of the invention;
The specific embodiment
In whole following description, understand for the present invention being had more completely, listed concrete implementation detail.Then, the present invention can not have these details to implement, and can increase some implementation details yet.Therefore, specification and accompanying drawing just illustrate, rather than restrictive meaning.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present invention that the application of active landfill method is handled domestic waste have been described.
In concrete embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings, at first refuse landfill is divided into the landfill reserve zone, anaerobism operation area, aerobic operation area and landfill operation district four major parts.Carry out anaerobism landfill and Anaerobic Treatment in the anaerobism operation area; After Anaerobic Treatment finished, the anaerobism operation area can transfer aerobic operation area to, can carry out Aerobic Process for Treatment.Accompanying drawing is represented Anaerobic Treatment, Aerobic Process for Treatment and sorting landfill disposal to be distinguished with different lines respectively, represents Anaerobic Treatment with double solid line, represents Aerobic Process for Treatment with single dotted line, represents the sorting landfill disposal with single solid line.In this example, comprise city life garbage landfill 1, biogas discharge guiding pipe 2, biogas storage bag 3, material distributing machine 4, explosion-proof pressure fan 5, explosion-proof air-introduced machine 6, plastics seperator 7, magnetic separator 8,25mm screening machine 9, letter sorting band I10, letter sorting band II 11,10mm screening machine 12, letter sorting band III13,5mm screening machine 14, lye tank 15, ajutage 16, induced duct 17, deodoration system 18.
In this example, the anaerobism operation area 1-1 that at first domestic waste is transported to city life garbage landfill 1 carries out orderly anaerobism landfill, and covers the oversize or the nutrition soil of the thick 5mm screening machine 14 of 0.1-0.3 rice timely at the anaerobism landfill surface.The anaerobism operation area is furnished with biogas discharge guiding pipe 2, is drilled with 2 millimeters aperture on the biogas discharge guiding pipe 2.The biogas discharge guiding pipe has two groups, is installed in the different degree of depth respectively, 2 meters of the depth as shallow of first group depth ratio garbage loading embeading, and dark 1 meter of first group of second group depth ratio is beneficial to the orderly derivation of biogas.After the process discharge guiding pipe is introduced lye tank 15 absorption ammonias and hydrogen sulfide with biogas, enter in the biogas storage bag 3 standby, part biogas in the biogas storage bag 3 uses for dining room, the boiler of our unit, and another part is processed into combustible ice, and safe is transported to biogas in the resident family that lacks fuel.After the Anaerobic Treatment 6 months, biogas output is stabilized in extremely low certain zone, the anaerobism operation area can transfer aerobic operation area 1-2 to, and first group of biogas discharge guiding pipe taken over control 5 second groups of biogas discharge guiding pipes of quick-fried pressure fan and taken over control quick-fried air-introduced machine 6, the i.e. part that single dotted line is represented in the accompanying drawing; If the stacking phase of left over by history surpasses 6 months poor garbage, then organic mulch that will be mixed with microorganism species and nutritional agents with material distributing machine 4 covers the rubbish surface according to the thickness of 0.1-0.3 rice.Itself has deodorization functions mulch.And at aerobic operation area installation ajutage 16 and induced duct 17.The fitting depth of ajutage is 2 meters, and in order effectively to control biogas concentration, the fitting depth of induced duct is 3 meters.After installing ajutage and induced duct, connect explosion-proof pressure fan 5 and explosion-proof air-introduced machine 6.Blower fan is step by the program that configures in advance to be that waste layer is supplied air.Oxygen content in the assurance compost is more than 2 mg/litre, and the temperature of rubbish rose to 55-65 ℃ at 3-5 days, and can maintain more than 7 days.Gas that explosion-proof air-introduced machine 6 is drawn removes qualified discharge behind the foul smell through deodoration system 18.Through 30 days aerobic reaction, temperature was reduced near normal temperature, and was stabilized to certain zone, and the bio-degradable rubbish of this waste layer has just obtained effective degraded.At this moment, enter the sorting operation that single solid line is represented in the accompanying drawing.Artificial at first will disruptive bulk rubbish such as stone, brick, desk stool etc. sort out, do not damaged with the assurance follow-up equipment by bulk rubbish.Rubbish enters plastics seperator 7 by conveyer belt and isolates plastics then, and plastics comprise polybag, Polypropylence Sheet etc., and plastics are distinguished the recovery of packing through belt conveyor to packing.The conveyer belt top that connects plastics seperator 7 and 25mm rubbish screening machine 9 is equipped with magnetic separator 8, and the metal species material is sorted out, and reclaims.The oversize of 25mm rubbish screening machine 9 and screenings enter letter sorting band I10 and letter sorting band II 11 respectively, and the sorter sorts out residual plastic, glass, metal species material, drops into respectively in the storage box separately.The oversize of 25mm rubbish screening machine 9 enters the landfill district and carries out landfill.Screenings through letter sorting enters 10mm material screening machine 12, and the oversize of 10mm material screening machine 12 enters letter sorting band III13, manually materials such as residual plastic, glass, metal species is sorted out, and is respectively charged in the storage box separately.The oversize of screening machine 12 enters the landfill district and carries out landfill.Screenings enters 5mm rubbish screening machine 14.The oversize of 5mm screening machine 14 is as the mulch of next Anaerobic Treatment working face, and screenings becomes compoiste fertilizer as nutrition soil, mulch or through deep processing.The plastics that the process sorting draws, metal, glass etc. can utilize thing to be sold to goods and materials and reclaim company or resource regeneration company.Finish the active landfill work of domestic waste this moment.

Claims (12)

1. the active landfill method of a domestic waste, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) active landfill method of domestic waste adopts district operation to refuse landfill;
(2) rubbish to landfill carries out Anaerobic Treatment in the anaerobism operation area, and the bio-degradable part in the rubbish is produced biogas in degraded;
(3) anaerobism landfill waste is later carried out Aerobic Process for Treatment; Anaerobism operation area after the Anaerobic Treatment, or the surpassing 6 months landfill waste rubbish district and can transfer aerobic operation area to of left over by history are carried out Aerobic Process for Treatment in this district to landfill waste;
(4) rubbish after the Aerobic Process for Treatment is carried out sorting, sub-elect Recyclable and expendable residue;
(5) expendable residue carries out landfill disposal in the landfill operation district.
2. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step (1), district operation is carried out in refuse landfill, be divided into the landfill reserve zone, Anaerobic Treatment district, Aerobic Process for Treatment district and landfill district four major parts.
3. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: lay the biogas discharge guiding pipe in the Anaerobic Treatment process in the described step (2), and sealing system is beneficial to the collection of biogas and derivation in order.
4. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the Anaerobic Treatment process in the described step (2), anaerobism landfill district bottom, all around with the oversize or the nutrition soil of the 5mm screening machine of surface coverage antiseepage film and 0.1-0.3 rice thickness.
5. want 1 described domestic waste active landfill method as right, it is characterized in that: the time of the Anaerobic Treatment in the described step (2) is 6 months, but does not limit 6 months, mainly is that biogas output drops to an extremely low stable zone.
6. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Aerobic Process for Treatment in the described step (3), if left over by history, pilling up time surpasses 6 months anaerobic composting, nutrition regulating agents such as part rubbish and the microorganism of extracting from soil, compost and nitrogen, phosphorus, moisture can be carried out extensive the mixing, the thickness according to 0.1-0.3 rice covers the rubbish surface then.
7. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described step (3) if in the Aerobic Process for Treatment process in microbial host culture propagation flora.Nitrogen mainly is urea, carbonic hydroammonium etc., and phosphorus mainly is calcium superphosphate, phosphoric acid diamines etc.
8. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the oxygen system and the biogas discharge guiding pipe in the step (2) of Aerobic Process for Treatment are shared in the described step (3).
9. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the oxygen concentration of air-introduced machine outlet is not less than 2 mg/litre in the described step (3).55-65 ℃ fate reached more than 7 days.
10. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the Aerobic Process for Treatment time in the described step (3) is 30 days, but is not limited to 30 days.
11. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the separation system in the described step (4) comprises mechanical sorting and artificial separation.
12. domestic waste active landfill method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the mechanical sorting in the described step (4) comprises plastics seperator, magnetic separator, 25mm material screening machine, 10mm material screening machine and 5mm material screening machine.
CN 201010167169 2010-05-10 2010-05-10 Active landfill method of urban domestic garbage Active CN101804417B (en)

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Cited By (6)

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CN102284466A (en) * 2011-05-06 2011-12-21 深圳相控科技股份有限公司 Method and system for integrated treatment and recycling of domestic garbage landfill
CN102441555A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-05-09 深圳市艾科斯达投资有限公司 Comprehensive utilization and disposal method of urban domestic garbage
CN103350100A (en) * 2013-08-02 2013-10-16 东莞市粤源包装有限公司 Method for continuously filling domestic garbage by using landfill site filled with domestic garbage
CN107116083A (en) * 2017-06-19 2017-09-01 中节能大地环境修复有限公司 A kind of landfill waste and the method for crude waste integrated treatment
CN107497825A (en) * 2017-08-25 2017-12-22 东莞翰飞环保科技有限公司 A kind of municipal living refuse comprehensive treatment method
CN107685063A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-02-13 北京国环清华环境工程设计研究院有限公司 A kind of recycling type refuse landfill and burying method

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CN102284466A (en) * 2011-05-06 2011-12-21 深圳相控科技股份有限公司 Method and system for integrated treatment and recycling of domestic garbage landfill
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CN107497825A (en) * 2017-08-25 2017-12-22 东莞翰飞环保科技有限公司 A kind of municipal living refuse comprehensive treatment method
CN107685063A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-02-13 北京国环清华环境工程设计研究院有限公司 A kind of recycling type refuse landfill and burying method

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