CN101801595B - 具有刀库和两滑板的机床 - Google Patents

具有刀库和两滑板的机床 Download PDF

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CN101801595B
CN101801595B CN200880106935.0A CN200880106935A CN101801595B CN 101801595 B CN101801595 B CN 101801595B CN 200880106935 A CN200880106935 A CN 200880106935A CN 101801595 B CN101801595 B CN 101801595B
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slide plate
stand
tool
cutter
upside
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CN101801595A (zh
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W·本茨
S·尼特哈默尔
B·施勒特尔
G·施滕格勒
T·魏因布赫
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Licon Mt & CoKg GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/626Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15722Rotary discs or drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15726Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle
    • B23Q3/15733Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle the axis of the stored tools being arranged in the rotating or circulating plane of the storage means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B23Q39/028Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of workholder per toolhead in operating position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
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    • Y10T409/304536Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y10T409/305824Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with angular movement of work
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T409/306776Axially
    • Y10T409/307056Axially and laterally
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T409/306664Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/306776Axially
    • Y10T409/307168Plural cutters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T409/30784Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307952Linear adjustment
    • Y10T409/308288Linear adjustment including gantry-type cutter-carrier
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
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    • Y10T409/30784Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307952Linear adjustment
    • Y10T409/308344Plural cutters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T409/30868Work support
    • Y10T409/30896Work support with angular adjustment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T409/309576Machine frame
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T483/00Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1748Tool changer between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/175Plural matrices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/1752Tool changer between spindle and matrix including tool holder pivotable about axis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/1755Plural tool holders pivotable about common axis
    • Y10T483/1767Linearly movable tool holders
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T483/17Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/179Direct tool exchange between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1798Direct tool exchange between spindle and matrix including means to project tool from matrix
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/1873Indexing matrix
    • Y10T483/1882Rotary disc

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种机床,所述机床在机架上具有两个能沿水平的x方向和z方向运行的立架(13、13’),带有刀具主轴(24、24’)的y滑板(17、17’)能在所述立架上竖直地运行。在直接在立架(13、13’)上侧的上方跨过所述立架的桥形架(33)上设置有至少一个刀库(34、34’),为各立架(13、13’)的刀库配备有换刀装置(39、39’)。用于y滑板(17、17’)的驱动装置在所述立架(13、13’)的上侧的下方安装在立架上。

Description

具有刀库和两滑板的机床
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机床。
背景技术
在实践中一般地已知机床,具体是所谓的移动立架机床
Figure GPA00001055804200011
所述机床具有机架,在所述机架上x滑板以可移动的方式设置在x导轨上。在x滑板上设置沿z方向延伸的z导轨,在z导轨上以可移动的方式引导z滑板。因此x滑板和z滑板形成一十字滑板。在z滑板上设置一立架,在该立架的朝向工作腔的前侧上y滑板以可竖直移动的方式设置在竖直的y导轨上。在y滑板上安装一沿z方向延伸的、可旋转驱动的、不能沿z方向相对于y滑板移动的刀具主轴,所述刀具主轴在其朝向工作腔的端部上带有一刀具接纳部。工件接纳部在主轴前方位于工作腔中。刀具主轴、进而在其刀具接纳部中保持的刀具沿水平的x方向和z方向的运动通过具有立架的十字滑板的相应运行运动来实现。竖直的运行运动借助y滑板来实现。在已知的机床中,具有换刀装置的刀库位于立架的一侧,因此影响了从相应一侧向工作腔接近;但是足以实现从对置的一侧接近在立架和工件接纳部之间的工作腔。
还已知,在机架上设置两个彼此连接的立架。这在加工时由于机床内部的热膨胀而导致精度问题。
在EP 1 285 721 B1中已知一种机床,所述机床在机架上具有一对沿x方向延伸的x导轨,在所述x导轨上以可移动的方式设有设计成立架的x滑板。每个x滑板在其朝向工作腔的前侧上具有可竖直移动的y滑板,在所述y滑板上又设置一支承刀具主轴的z滑板,因而具有前刀具接纳部的刀具主轴可沿z方向移动。在设计成立架的x滑板的上侧的上方设置一桥形架,在所述桥形架上设置有一刀库。x滑板持续地设置在桥形架的下方。y滑板在其前侧支承有换刀装置,所述换刀装置利用y滑板和z滑板向上运行以进行换刀。因为各z滑板设计成轴套式(pinolen-artig),所以这种已知机床的固有刚度不高。这种机床不能解决上文所述的问题。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是,实现一种开头所述类型的机床,该机床效率高、灵活性高、精度高、结构简单。
所述目的通过权利要求1的特征来实现。
通过使两个立架的x驱动装置彼此独立,能以简单的方式对立架的受温度影响的相对运动进行补偿。此外还可以在每个立架上沿z方向和y方向对各种不同的膨胀进行补偿。由于刀库直接布置在每个立架上侧的上方,通过与此相关地将y驱动电机布置在立架上侧的上方,使工作腔保持能从两侧被自由地接近。利用两个刀具主轴可以基本上并行地实施相同的工序。理论上还能实施不同的工序。通过使刀具主轴能运行到立架上侧的附近,实现了借助枢转换刀装置进行的简单换刀(操作)。
附图说明
本发明其它优点、特征和细节由下面借助附图对本发明实施例的说明得出。其中:
图1示出根据本发明的机床的透视图,
图2相应于在图3和图4中的观察箭头II示出机床的侧视图,
图3根据在图2和图4中的观察箭头III示出机床的俯视图,
图4相应于在图1、2和3中的观察箭头IV示出机床的正视图,
图5示出机床的机架的俯视图,
图6示出具有安装的x滑板的机床的机架的俯视图,
图7示出不带桥形架的机床的俯视图,所述桥形架具有刀库和换刀装置,和
图8示出机床的立架的局部透视图。
具体实施方式
如附图所示,图中示出的机床具有一支撑在底座2上的机架1,其中所述机床为铣床。在机架1上安装有一对彼此平行设置的x导轨3,在所述导轨3上以沿水平的x方向可彼此独立移动的方式设置有两个彼此独立的、即未相互连接的x滑板4、4’。为此,每个x滑板4、4’通过四个导块5支承在x导轨3上。各滑板分别由x驱动电机6或6’通过一x丝杠螺母传动机构7、7’驱动。如图5所示,x驱动电机6、6’彼此对置地安装在机架1上。在每个x滑板4、4’上安装有一对z导轨8、8’,在所述z导轨8、8’上分别借助导块10支撑z滑板9、9’,z滑板9、9’以能沿水平的z方向移动的方式设置。z方向与x方向垂直地延伸。各z滑板9、9’可分别被z驱动电机11或11’同样通过z丝杠螺母传动机构12、12’沿z方向驱动。x滑板4、4’和z滑板9、9’分别形成十字滑板。
z滑板9、9’分别与立架13、13’连接。在各立架13、13’的朝向一个公共的工作腔14的前侧15、15’上安装一对彼此平行的y导轨16、16’,在所述y导轨上分别借助导块18以沿与x方向和z方向垂直的、竖直的y方向可移动的方式引导y滑板17、17’。分别借助y驱动电机19、19’实现驱动,所述y驱动电机19、19’设置在相应立架13、13’的背离工作腔14和相应前侧15、15’的后侧20、20’上,也就是说设置在立架13、13’的相应上侧21、21’的下方。在此相应设置的y丝杠螺母传动机构22、22’不是如x滑板4、4’和z滑板9、9’那样直接由相应的y驱动电机19、19’驱动,而是通过带传动机构23、23’驱动,因而y滑板17、17’在其上侧21、21’的区域中是无障碍的。如图8所示,带传动机构23穿过在立架13的后侧20中的开口23a,所述开口23a朝向立架13的上侧21被封闭,由此立架13的稳定性不会受到影响。
每个y滑板17、17’在其上部区域中支承一能由电机25、25’旋转驱动的刀具主轴24、24’。在其朝向工作腔14的前端部上,每个刀具主轴24、24’具有一刀具接纳部26、26’。刀具主轴24、24’沿z方向延伸,刀具主轴24、24’不能相对于相应对其进行支承的y滑板17、17’沿z方向移动。
在工作腔14中,即沿z方向在立架13、13’和刀具主轴24、24’的前方,设置一形式为桥形架的工件安装和固定装置27,所述工件安装和固定装置27设计成借助可逆式电机29(Schwenk-Motor)能围绕一与x方向平行的A轴线28枢转。在工件安装和固定装置27上设置有多个、在本实施例中为四个的工件接纳部30,所述工件接纳部可以设计成能围绕一与A轴线28垂直延伸的B轴线31枢转。
在机架1上安装一支承架32,所述支承架32直接在立架13、13’的上侧21、21’的上方具有一桥形架33,在所述桥形架33上设置有两个刀库34、34’,所述刀库设计成盘式刀库并能围绕竖直的、即与y方向平行的相应轴线35、35’分别被一电机36旋转驱动。刀库34、34’能在其外周附近容置较大数量的刀具37、37’,分别仅示出其中的两个。
在桥形架33的朝向工作腔14的端侧38上分别在每个刀库34、34’前设置一换刀装置39、39’。所述换刀装置是一般已知的。所述换刀装置具有一能围绕水平地沿z方向延伸的枢转轴线40枢转的换刀臂41,所述换刀臂在其两个端部上分别带有一换刀机械手42。在每个盘形刀库34或34’的下方设有一支座43,在所述支座43中可以放入来自刀库34或34’的刀具37或37’,其中所述刀具从刀库34、34’中的竖直位置转移到水平位置。为了从该支座43返回刀库34或34’,使刀具37或37’又向上摆起。这种类型的刀库34、34’和换刀装置39、39’是商业上惯用的、一般已知的,例如在(产品)说明书“凸轮控制的换刀系统(KurvengesteuertesWerkzeugwechselsystem)”MIKSCH GMBH,73037
Figure GPA00001055804200041
/德国,出版号M288DD/0605中已知。由此还已知一种用于上述的将刀具37、37’从刀库34、34’转移到支座43中以及相反转移的装置。换刀臂41能沿枢转轴线40的方向移动。
如果不进行换刀,则换刀装置39或39’处于图4中在左侧示出的、在桥形架33的端侧38前方的水平静止位置。为了进行换刀,使相应立架13或13’移动到在图2中示出的后部位置,在该后部位置中相应刀具主轴24或24’的刀具接纳部26或26’位于相应换刀装置39或39’的下方。待更换的刀具所处的刀具主轴24或24’通过相应y滑板17或17’的相应运动而到达该刀具主轴的最靠上的、与各个立架13或13’的上侧21或21’直接相邻的位置,使得换刀臂41的换刀机械手42能相应地到达刀具接纳部26或26’的前方,具体仅通过围绕枢转轴线40的枢转而到达。然后,使换刀臂41枢转到在图4中位于右侧的位置,在该位置中借助换一个刀机械手42接合一位于刀具接纳部26或26’中的刀具。利用另一换刀机械手42,换刀臂41接合一在相应刀库34或34’前方位于支座43中的、水平放置的刀具37或37’。然后,换刀臂41带着两个刀具37或37’离开桥形架33、即沿z方向、朝向工件安装和固定装置27移动,由此位于刀具接纳部26或26’中的刀具被拉出刀具接纳部。然后,换刀臂围绕其枢转轴线40枢转180°又沿z方向返回,由此新的刀具37或37’被插入刀具接纳部26或26’中,不再需要的刀具37或37’被推入所属的刀库34或34’中。然后,换刀臂41又枢转到所述的静止位置。
代替所述设计成盘式刀库的刀库,也可以为两个立架13、13’设置一公共库、例如链式库(Ketten-Magazin)作为刀库,所述刀库可以设置在支承架32上。

Claims (6)

1.一种机床,具有:
-机架(1),
-一对设置在所述机架上(1)的、沿水平的x方向延伸的x导轨(3),
-两个以能沿x方向移动的方式设置在所述x导轨(3)上的x滑板(4、4’),
-分别设置在各x滑板(4、4’)上的相应z滑板(9、9’),所述z滑板能沿与水平的x方向垂直地延伸的水平的z方向移动,
-分别设置在各z滑板(9、9’)上的相应立架(13、13’),所述立架具有上侧(21、21’)和前侧(15、15’),
-分别设置在各前侧(15、15’)上的相应y滑板(17、17’),所述y滑板设置成能沿与x方向和z方向垂直延伸的、竖直的y方向移动至所述上侧(21,21’)的附近,
--各y滑板(17、17’)能借助y丝杠螺母传动机构(22、22’)移动;所述y丝杠螺母传动机构(22、22’)能借助y驱动电机(19、19’)旋转驱动,所述y驱动电机在立架(13、13’)上设置在所述立架的上侧(21、21’)的下方,
-分别设置在各y滑板(17、17’)上的相应刀具主轴(24、24’),所述刀具主轴
--能被旋转驱动,
--沿z方向延伸,
--不能相对于y滑板(17、17’)沿z方向移动,
--在位于所述前侧(15、15’)前方的端部上具有一刀具接纳部(26、26’),
-设置在所述前侧(15、15’)前方的工作腔(14),
-在机架(1)上设置在所述工作腔(14)中的工件安装和固定装置(27),
-设置在工件安装和固定装置(27)上、分别属于各立架(13、13’)的至少一个相应的工件接纳部(30),
-直接设置在各立架(13、13’)的上侧(21、21’)的上方的桥形架(33),
-至少一个直接在立架(13、13’)的上侧(21、21’)的上方设置在所述桥形架(33)上的刀库(34、34’),和
-设置在所述桥形架(33)上的、用于将刀具(37、37’)从刀库(34、34’)转移至刀具接纳部(26、26’)和相反的转移的相应换刀装置(39、39’),其中为了换刀,相应的立架(13、13’)能运动到刀库(34、34’)的下方以使相应的刀具接纳部(26、26’)位于相应的换刀装置(39、39’)的下方。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机床,其特征在于,所述换刀装置(39、39’)具有能围绕一沿z方向延伸的枢转轴线(40)枢转的换刀臂(41),所述换刀臂在两个端部上分别具有换刀机械手(42),和
所述y滑板(17、17’)能朝向立架(13、13’)的上侧(21、21’)的方向运动到使换刀机械手(42)能枢转到所述刀具接纳部(26、26’)的前方的程度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的机床,其特征在于,分别设置有直接在各立架(13、13’)的上侧(21、21’)的上方布置的相应刀库(34、34’)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的机床,其特征在于,所述y驱动电机(25、25’)借助带传动机构(23、23’)与所述y丝杠螺母传动机构(22、22’)连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的机床,其特征在于,所述带传动机构(23、23’)穿过在所述立架(13、13’)中的开口(23a)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的机床,其特征在于,所述开口(23a)形成在所述立架(13、13’)的后侧(20)中。
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