Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of natural-fiber composite material that is coated with nonabsorbent material.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of natural-fiber composite material; It is characterized in that it is by mainly comprising the preparation of following components in weight portions: 100~200 parts in 14~135 parts of water-base resins, 100~500 parts in natural fiber, 0.3~5 part of stiffening agent, 0.01~5 part of phase-transfer catalyst, 50~500 parts in weighting material and water.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said water-base resin is by mainly comprising following components in weight portions preparation: 4~20 parts of 10~100 parts of non-aqueous resins and water-based initiators.The concrete preparation method of water-base resin is following: the non-aqueous epoxy resin of said ratio is put into reaction kettle with the water-based initiator mix, obtained in 1~2 hour at 120~160 ℃ of compressive reactions.This part content has been open in detail in 200910310409.2 the patented claim at the patentee's number of patent application, no longer carefully states at this.Said non-aqueous resin is selected from least a in epoxy resin, resol, unsaturated polyester, allyl resin, polyurethane resin or other associated resin.Preferably, said non-aqueous resin is an epoxy resin.Said water-based initiator is selected from Sodium Persulfate, Potassium Persulphate, 4; 4-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid), 4; 4-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid sodium), 4, at least a in 4-azo two (4-cyanic acid amylalcohol), methylethyl ketone peroxides, cyclohexanone peroxide or other the relevant initiators.Water-soluble action of free radical initiator is that hydrophilic radical is introduced epoxy resin, and it is water-soluble to make epoxy resin become.Preferably, said water-based initiator is 4,4-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid).
Said natural fiber is at least a in xylon, flaxen fiber, cotton fibre, bamboo fibers, vine fiber ti, straw fiber, sea-weed fibre, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, paper, straw, wheat tangerine, Caulis Sacchari sinensis fiber, Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L), leaf, duricrust shell, melon seed cases, coffee grounds, tealeaf residue, Chinese medicine slag or other the relevant natural fibers.Preferably, said natural fiber is xylon (wood powder).Among the present invention, natural fiber need be ground into powder in advance, then uses again.
Said water-soluble stiffening agent is selected from trolamine, quadrol, NSC 446, Triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetren, polyvinylamine, phenolic aldehyde amine, 2; 4,6-three (dimethylamino methyl) phenol, aqueous polyurethane, aqueous polyamide, policapram, dicyanamide, boron trifluoride-amine complex, dislike at least a in propylamine, water-soluble aromatic amine, isophorone diamine, thiocarbamide, mercaptan amine, thiocarbamide-polyamine condenses or other the relevant stiffening agents of boron heterocycle boron amide complex compound, water-based polyureas, polyetheramine (Jeffamine), hexanediamine, amine end-blocking water-based polyimide, ammoniacal liquor, diethylin.Preferably, said stiffening agent is a quadrol.Water-soluble stiffening agent is the stiffening agent of aqueous epoxy resins, and it must have the water-based performance, with the epoxy resin commissure.
Said phase-transfer catalyst is at least a in crown ether, polyoxyethylene glycol, quaternary amine 、 quaternary alkylphosphonium salt, sulfonium salt or arsenic salt, cave ether, bromination Shi six alkyl San Ding Ji Phosphonium, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, methyl trioctylphosphine ammonium chloride or other related compound.Preferably, said phase-transfer catalyst is a Tetrabutyl amonium bromide.The epoxide functional groups that act as the catalysis oil phase of phase-transfer catalyst and the reaction of the stiffening agent of water.Because in the aqueous epoxy resin emulsion, epoxide functional groups is at oil phase, and the functional group of water-based stiffening agent is at water, carries out two catalysis between mutually because of needing phase-transfer catalyst a bit.
Said weighting material is selected from silica flour; Stone flour; Lard; Fire retardant; Lubricant; Peanut oil; Tung oil; Soya-bean oil; Butter; Machine oil; Silicone oil; The pottery powder; Silica powder; The soil powder; Starch; White titanium pigment; The clay powder; Carbon black; Nano-carbon powder; Nano clay; Graphite Powder 99; Graphene; The animal excrement powder; Glass powder; Marinco H; White lake; SULPHOSUCCINIC ACID ESTER; Titanic acid ester; The aluminic acid ester; Sand; Spun glass; Thomel; The plastic waste powder; Cement; Rubble; Useless foaming rubber powder; The wax powder; Asphalt powder; Wood charcoal powder; Kaolin powder; At least a in talcum powder or other associated materials.Preferably, said weighting material is a kind of or its combination in native powder or the silicone oil.
In the further embodiment of the present invention; Also comprise 1~10 part of monomer in the above-mentioned water-base resin, said monomer is selected from least a in vinylbenzene, vinyl cyanide, divinyl, butylene, vinylformic acid, methylacrylic acid, TEB 3K, methyl acrylate, ethyl propenoate, propyl acrylate, Bing Xisuandingzhi, the different monooctyl ester of propylene, Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi, propyl methacrylate, NSC 20956, toxilic acid, maleic anhydride or other relevant monomer.Preferably, said monomer is selected from least a in vinylbenzene, the acrylic or methacrylic acid methyl esters.Further preferably, said monomer is a vinylbenzene.The acting as of monomer promotes the water-based initiator and grafts in the epoxy resin and reduce cost, and increases material filming.
In the further embodiment of the present invention; Also comprise 1~5 part non-aqueous initiator in the above-mentioned water-base resin; Said non-aqueous initiator is selected from 4,4-azo two (4-cyanic acid butane peroxy dicarbonate two-2-phenoxy ester), peroxy dicarbonates two (4-tertiary butyl hexanaphthene), 2,5-two (2-ethyl hexanoyl peroxide)-2; 5-dimethyl-ethane, Lucidol, tert-butyl hydroperoxide-2-ethylhexanoate, 2-tertiary butyl azo-2-dicyanopropane, 2-tertiary butyl azo-dicyanobutane, 1; 1-two (t-butyl peroxy) 3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1; 1-two (t-butyl peroxy) hexanaphthene, 1-tertiary butyl azo-1-cyanocyclohexanoic alkane, 0; The 0-tertiary butyl-0-sec.-propyl list peroxycarbonates, peroxo-butyl benzoate, ethyl-3,3-two (tert-butyl peroxide) butyric ester, Di Cumyl Peroxide 99, peroxo-LAURIC ACID 99 MIN, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2; 5-diperoxy ethylhexoate, peroxide-2-ethyl hexanoic acid tert-butyl, peroxide acid tert-butyl, 3, at least a in 3-two (t-butyl peroxy) ethyl n-butyrate or other the relevant initiators.Hydrophobicity and water-based initiator that non-aqueous initiator can increase behind the hardened material are shared, regulate material and before sclerosis, can be dispersed in emulsification in the water, have certain hydrophobicity after the sclerosis.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of natural-fiber composite material.
A kind of preparation method of natural-fiber composite material is characterized in that, comprises following step:
1) gets the raw materials ready according to above-mentioned component and weight proportion;
2) water, water-base resin and water-soluble stiffening agent are added in the stirred pot; Water-base resin and water-soluble stiffening agent be scattered in form emulsion in the water; Then add natural fiber, phase-transfer catalyst and weighting material and mix, reacted 36~60 hours down at 80~100 ℃;
3) reactant transfer to the oven dry that will accomplish reaction is provided with, and is warming up to 180~200 ℃ of oven dry, obtains product.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, said reactor drum should have and stirs and heating function, can be in reaction kettle, stirred pot, twin screw extruder, single screw rod extruder or the kneader a kind of.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, said drying plant should have functions/drying, can for the stirred pot of tool functions/drying, baking box, barn, the platform that can get sun or can the platform of air-dry material in a kind of.
Only if name especially, the implication of employed here all technology and scientific terminology is identical with the affiliated common implication of understanding of technical field those skilled in the art of the present invention.Equally, all introduce the present invention as a reference at this publication of mentioning, patented claim, patent and other bibliographys.
Compared with prior art, natural-fiber composite material of the present invention has following characteristics:
1) the present invention only uses small amount of polymer resin can natural fiber be coated fully, obtains the splendid natural-fiber composite material of water resistance; Modified natural fiber can be used for the water-repellancy wad, bakelite filler and mould the raw material of the multiple material of wood;
2) the present invention is scattered in water-base resin and water-soluble stiffening agent and forms emulsion in the water, adds natural fiber phase-transfer catalyst and weighting material, treats the moistening natural fiber post-heating of emulsion, makes water evaporates, is overmolding to nonabsorbent material to natural fiber; Compared with prior art, natural-fiber composite material preparation method operation steps of the present invention is simple, and need not with an organic solvent, acid or alkali, can not produce by products such as waste water in the production process yet.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
By weight water intaking epoxy resin 30g, wood powder (natural fiber) 100g, silicone oil (weighting agent) 50g, quadrol (water-soluble stiffening agent) 3g, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide (phase-transfer catalyst) 1g and water 200g.
The 30g aqueous epoxy resins obtains through following mode: extracting epoxy resin 15g, 4; Two (4-cyanopentanoic acid) (initiator) 5g of 4-azo and vinylbenzene (monomer) 10g; With epoxy resin, 4; 4-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid) is put into reaction kettle with vinylbenzene and is mixed, and obtains in 1 hour at 150 ℃ of compressive reactions.
Above-mentioned water, aqueous epoxy resins, quadrol are added in the stirred pot, aqueous epoxy resins and quadrol are scattered in form emulsion in the water, then add Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, wood powder and silicone oil and mix, reacted 60 hours down at 80 ℃; After reaction is accomplished, reactant transfer to baking box, and is warming up to 180 ℃ of oven dry, obtains to be coated with the powder (product) of nonabsorbent material.
Detection method and result:
1) with water droplet directly at powder surface, powder does not suck moisture content;
2) in powder, add urea-formaldehyde resin pressing plate (prior art), gained sheet material does not absorb water.
Embodiment 2
By weight water intaking epoxy resin 70g, wood powder (natural fiber) 500g, lard (weighting agent) 200g, quadrol (water-soluble stiffening agent) 0.3g, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide (phase-transfer catalyst) 0.01g and water 100g.
The 70g aqueous epoxy resins obtains through following mode: extracting epoxy resin 49g, 4; Two (4-cyanopentanoic acid) (initiator) 20g of 4-azo and vinylbenzene (monomer) 1g; With epoxy resin, 4; 4-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid) and vinylbenzene are put into reaction kettle and are mixed, and obtain in 1 hour at 150 ℃ of compressive reactions.
Above-mentioned water, aqueous epoxy resins, quadrol are added in the stirred pot, aqueous epoxy resins and quadrol are scattered in form emulsion in the water, then add Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, wood powder and lard and mix, reacted 48 hours down at 100 ℃; After reaction is accomplished, reactant transfer to baking box, and is warming up to 200 ℃ of oven dry, obtains to be coated with the powder (product) of nonabsorbent material.
Detection method and result:
1) water droplet is directly dropped in powder surface, water droplet is not inhaled into;
2) in powder, add urea-formaldehyde resin pressing plate (prior art), gained sheet material does not absorb water.
Embodiment 3
By weight water intaking epoxy resin 130g, wood powder (natural fiber) 250g, native powder (weighting agent) 500g, quadrol (water-soluble stiffening agent) 5g, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide (phase-transfer catalyst) 5g and water 150g.
The 130g aqueous epoxy resins obtains through following mode: extracting epoxy resin 100g, 4; Two (4-cyanopentanoic acid) (initiator) 20g of 4-azo and vinylbenzene (monomer) 10g; With epoxy resin, 4; 4-azo two (4-cyanopentanoic acid) and vinylbenzene are put into reaction kettle and are mixed, and obtain in 1 hour at 150 ℃ of compressive reactions.
Above-mentioned water, aqueous epoxy resins, quadrol are added in the stirred pot, aqueous epoxy resins and quadrol are scattered in form emulsion in the water, then add Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, wood powder and native powder and mix, reacted 36 hours down at 100 ℃; After reaction is accomplished, reactant transfer to baking box, and is warming up to 200 ℃ of oven dry, obtains to be coated with the powder (product) of nonabsorbent material.
Detection method and result:
1) water droplet is directly dropped in powder surface, water droplet is not inhaled into;
2) in powder, add urea-formaldehyde resin pressing plate (prior art), gained sheet material does not absorb water.
Reference examples 1
Get the 100g wood powder and add in the stirred pot,,, obtain powder product then 200 ℃ of oven dry 100 ℃ of reactions 48 hours.
Detection method and result:
1) water droplet is directly dropped in powder surface, water droplet sucks very soon;
2) in powder, add urea-formaldehyde resin pressing plate (prior art), the suction of gained sheet material, and scatter after soaked.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; But embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.