CN101795171A - 同轴电缆网络以及通过网络通信的方法 - Google Patents

同轴电缆网络以及通过网络通信的方法 Download PDF

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CN101795171A
CN101795171A CN200910215143A CN200910215143A CN101795171A CN 101795171 A CN101795171 A CN 101795171A CN 200910215143 A CN200910215143 A CN 200910215143A CN 200910215143 A CN200910215143 A CN 200910215143A CN 101795171 A CN101795171 A CN 101795171A
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moca
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CN101795171B (zh
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阿夫拉姆·克利格
菲利普·克莱因
伊特谢克·奥哈纳
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Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Ltd
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Zyray Wireless Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2801—Broadband local area networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals

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Abstract

本发明涉及同轴电缆网络以及通过网络通信的方法，该系统和方法用于减少通过同轴电缆网络连接的MoCA设备的等待时间、并增加其吞吐量。根据本发明的一个方法包括：在带有多个网络模块的网络中，多个网络模块的每一个都连接到同轴电缆高速链路，通过同轴电缆高速链路在多个网络模块之间通信。该方法还包括请求使用短脉冲消息。该方法还包括通过构造带有单信道均衡部分的短脉冲消息、并减少传输星座中的每赫兹的比特数，来响应请求。得到的消息可以以可接受的误码率接收，同时可更有效地使用MoCA网络。

Description

同轴电缆网络以及通过网络通信的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及信息网络，更具体地说，涉及一种通过通信线路(例如，同轴电缆)传递信息(例如媒体信息)、从而形成通信网络的技术。
背景技术
使用同轴电缆的网络技术已经为人所知。多媒体同轴电缆联盟(Multimedia over Coax Alliance(MoCATM))在其网站mocalliance.org上提供了通过现有的家用同轴电缆、联网数字视频和娱乐的合适规范的例子，其中该家庭已经分配为开放成员。MoCA 1.1规范通过引用全文合并于此。
同轴电缆家庭网络接入家用同轴电缆上可利用的大量未使用带宽。美国70％以上的家庭已经在家庭基础设施中安装了同轴电缆。许多家庭在一个或多个主要的娱乐场所都设有现有的同轴电缆，例如家庭活动室、媒体室、主卧室和其它地点。家庭网络技术允许户主们将这个架构作为网络系统使用，并以高服务质量(QoS)传递娱乐和信息程序。
同轴电缆家庭网络的这种技术提供了高速(270mbps)、高服务质量、以及结合有分组级加密的屏蔽、有线连接带来的固有安全。同轴电缆允许携载高带宽视频。今天，它常被用于安全传递数百万美元付款的以天数为基础的付费节目和付费视频内容。同轴电缆家庭网络也可被用作多无线接入点的高速链路，该多无线接入点用于将无线网络延伸到消费者的整个家庭。
同轴电缆家庭网络提供了通过现有同轴电缆到视频设备目前在家庭内所在位置的一致的、高吞吐量的、高质量连接。同轴电缆家庭网络提供了数字娱乐的主要链接，并可与其它有线和无线网络保持一致，从而将娱乐体验延伸到整个家庭。
目前，使用接入技术的同轴电缆家庭网络，例如非对称用户数字线(Asynchronous Digital Subscriber，ADSL)、超高速数字用户线(Very high bitrate Digital Subscriber Line，VDSL)服务或者光纤到户(Fiber to the Home，FTTH)，它们通常通过双绞线对或者光纤接入家庭，对ADSL而言，在几百千赫到8.5MHz的频带运行，对于VDSL而言，在几百千赫到12MHz的频带运行。当服务通过未知的数字用户线(xDSL)或者FTTH到达家庭，它们可通过同轴电缆家庭网络技术和家庭内同轴电缆路由到视频设备。电缆功能，例如视频、语音和互联网访问，都可通过同轴电缆由电缆操作者提供给家庭，并使用在家庭内运行的同轴电缆到达单个电缆服务使用设备，这些设备位于家庭内的不同房间。典型地，同轴电缆家庭网络类型的功能与电缆功能在不同的频率上并行运行。
因此期望减少与MoCA网络连接的MoCA设备的等待时间和/或改进其吞吐量。
发明内容
一种减少与MoCA网络连接的MoCA设备的等待时间、改进或者不改进网络中吞吐量的系统和/或方法。该系统和/或方法也可以改进与MoCA网络连接的MoCA设备的吞吐量，减少或不减少网络中的等待时间。该方法或系统将结合至少一幅附图来充分展示和/或说明，并且将在权利要求中进行完整的阐述。
根据一方面，提供了一种同轴电缆网络，该网络包括可被配置用于请求消息的节点，该消息包括短前导(short preamble)。
优选地，该网络节点包括接收器，该接收器可被配置用于请求包含短脉冲前导(short burst preamble)的消息。
优选地，该前导包括单信道均衡部分(single channel equalization section)。
优选地，该消息是预约请求消息。
优选地，该消息是传输控制协议确认信号消息。
优选地，该节点被配置用于在发射消息时请求利用减少的星座(reducedconstellation)。
根据一方面，提供了一种通过网络通信的方法，该网络包括多个网络模块，该方法包括：
请求接收包括短前导的短脉冲消息；
发射短脉冲消息；以及
接收短脉冲消息。
优选地，该前导包含单信道均衡部分。
优选地，该消息是预约请求消息。
优选地，该消息是传输控制协议确认信号消息。
优选地，该节点请求传输短脉冲消息，其中传输利用减少的星座。
根据一方面，提供了一种同轴电缆网络，该网络包括被配置用于发射包括短前导的消息。
优选地，该网络节点包括发射器，该发射器被配置用于发射包括短脉冲前导的消息。
优选地，该前导包括单信道均衡部分。
优选地，该消息是预约请求消息。
优选地，该消息是传输控制协议确认信号消息。
优选地，该节点在发射消息时利用减少的星座。
附图说明
根据以下详细描述，并结合附图，本发明的目的和优点将会变得更加明白，附图中类似的标号指代类似的部分，其中：
图1示出了带有典型前导的消息；
图2示出了根据本发明的带有短脉冲前导的消息；以及
图3示出了根据本发明的芯片模块。
具体实施方式
在对各实施例的以下描述中，参照了附图，该附图形成说明书的一部分，并以示意性的方式示出了本发明实施的各实施例。可以理解，也可以利用其它实施例，并做出功能性的修改，而不脱离本发明的范围和精神。
本技术领域的人员将会理解，一旦读完以下公开的内容，此处描述的各方面可以作为方法、数据处理系统或者计算机程序产品实施。因此，这些方面可以采用全部为硬件实施例的形式、全部为软件实施例的形式或者结合了软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。此外，这些方面采用计算机程序产品的形式，该计算机程序产品被一个或多个计算机可读存储媒介存储，在存储媒介内或存储媒介上嵌有计算机可读程序编码或指令。也可利用合适的计算机可读存储媒介，包括硬盘、CD-ROM、光存储设备、磁存储设备、和/或其任意组合。
此外，在此描述的代表数据或事件的各种信号可以以通过信号传导媒介的电磁波的形式在源和目的地之间传输，该信号传导媒介是例如金属线、光纤、波导、和/或无线传输媒介(例如，空气和/或空间)。
为了参照简便，以下的术语表提供了在本专利申请中使用的各种缩写和符号的定义：
ACK   TCP确认信号消息
ADSL  非对称用户数字线
CE    信道均衡
CP    循环前缀
EN    MoCA现有节点(术语“节点”在此选择性地指代“模块”)
FTTH  光纤到户
IFG   帧间距
MAC   媒体访问控制
MAP   媒体访问计划
NC    MoCA网络控制器
OFDM  正交频分复用
PHY   用于分组消息并通过物理媒介进行传输的通信层
RR    预约请求消息
SC    OFDM系统的子载波
SNR   信噪比
STB     机顶盒
TCP     传输控制协议
QoS     服务质量
VDSL    超高速数字用户线
xDSL    未知的数字用户线
该说明书描述了采用MoCA设备减少等待时间和/或改善吞吐量的方法，这些MoCA设备已经根据本发明进行了改进。这些MoCA设备可以是MoCA网络上的节点。使用同轴电缆的集合连接多个网络节点，来构造该MoCA网络。该网络中的每个节点可被配置为请求根据本发明构建的消息。有许多类型的消息可以被用于MoAC网络。
MoCA网络中的典型消息包括有效载荷部分和前导部分。有效载荷部分包括通过网络传输的数据。前导部分包括一个或多个符号，接收器可使用该符号以改善消息的接收的方式来调节一个或多个接收器参数。
MoCA网络中的一些消息被称为短脉冲消息。这些消息很短，以至于用于发送消息尤其是这些消息的前导的开销过度繁重，变成MoCA网络低效的原因。
MoCA网络是OFDM网络，利用在MoCA规范中列出的多个星座。每个星座可以被解释为点矩阵。每个点可允许传输一定数量的比特。在MoCA规范中使用的所有比特都通过这些点发射。MoCA设备可包括接收器，该接收器可被看作是星座的点，且可根据前导中的信道调节符号调节其参数。MoCA设备还可包括对接收器请求进行响应的发射器。
本发明的系统合/或方法用于发射和接收用于短脉冲消息的减小大小(reduced-size)的前导。该系统和/或方法可减小前导大小，同时可选地改变用于调制MoCA网络中的信号的星座的解译(interpretation)。可通过减少从一些或全部点解译的比特数量，来减小星座。当接收器请求(也就是，表示接收的能力)缩短的前导时，缩短的前导和减小的星座(如果要求的话)可以被发送/使用。
节点使用几种类型的消息进行通信。消息由OFDM符号构建，并通常以前导部分开始。每个OFDM符号可以包括循环前缀，该循环前缀包括特定构造的比特样式，使得OFDM中信道的正交性可以被接收器改进。前导可以被用于调节接收器参数，该参数用于控制比特接收的准确性。
在MoCA前导中通常包括两种CE符号。CE符号是另一个特别设定的比特组。接收器可使用CE符号的接收来改进滤波器的准确性，该滤波器用于提取OFDM星座比特。典型的前导大小与OFDM系统中的SC数量成比例，特别是当消息有效载荷很小时，前导大小可以是重要的开销负担。
某些消息类型属于短脉冲消息类别(category)，例如，RR，ACK等。短消息脉冲在长度上(包括开销)少于200字节(2000比特)，而不包括MAC开销。MoCA网络使用OFDM符号来发射比特集。每个OFDM符号包括大约4000比特。
图1示出了使用典型前导的典型短脉冲消息100。短脉冲消息100包括典型前导110和有效载荷部分120。典型的前导110包括由“S”表示的可选短串行部分(short series section)111、由“CP0”表示的较大循环前缀部分112、由“CE”表示的第一CE部分113和第二CE部分114。CP0是第一CE符号的循环前缀。第二CE符号没有CP。可选的短串行部分的典型长度为64采样(sample)，但是可以有更大或更小。较大的循环前缀部分的长度为160采样，且每个CE部分的长度为512采样，这使得典型前导的总长度在1184-1248采样之间。
有效载荷部分120包括循环前缀部分121和OFDM数据部分122，它们共同形成一个OFDM符号。CP部分的长度为60采样，OFDM数据部分122的长度为512采样，使得有效载荷部分120的总长度为572采样。包括典型前导110的完整短脉冲消息的长度在1756-1820采样之间，大体上小于MoCA网络使用的普通OFDM符号的容量的50％。典型短脉冲消息100包含三种OFDM符号，没有可选的短串行部分111。
图2示出了根据本发明原理、使用短前导210的实施例的短脉冲消息200。短脉冲消息200包括短前导210和有效载荷部分220。短前导210包括由“S”表示的可选短串行部分211、由“CP0”表示的较大循环前缀部分212，由“CE”表示的CE部分213。CP0是CE符号的循环前缀。可选的短串行部分的典型长度为64采样(sample)，但是可以更大或更小。较大的循环前缀部分的长度为160采样，且CE部分的长度为大约512采样，这使得短前导210的长度大约在672-736采样之间。
有效载荷部分220包括CP部分221和OFDM数据部分222。CP部分的长度大约为60采样，OFDM数据部分222的长度大约为512采样，使得有效载荷部分220的总长度为572采样。包括根据本发明的短前导210的完整短脉冲消息200的合适长度在1244-1308采样之间，小于MoCA网络使用的普通OFDM符号的容量的50％。短脉冲消息200包含两种OFDM符号，没有可选的短串行部分111，因此改善了短脉冲消息的带宽利用。
使用包括在短前导210中的单个CE部分213、而不是典型前导110中的两个CE部分113、114，降低了MoCA网络中所接收的信噪比的质量。单个CE符号的较短比特序列导致以更低的准确度调节信道估计。当接收器选择接收短前导210，它可能期望补偿信道均衡的损失。因此，当请求短前导210时，接收器也可请求使用减少的星座。减少的星座减少了星座的某些或全部点的每赫兹的比特数。减少的比特可以将信噪比(SNR)中的噪声裕度改进至6dB，以便传输短脉冲消息。该改进的SNR容限可以补偿短前导210中丢失的CE部分。
星座中每赫兹的比特数的减少将示范性OFDM符号中的比特数量减少至3000比特。由于示范性短脉冲消息在长度上小于2000比特，可用比特的数量减少不会降低传输的效率。
图3示出了根据本发明的单核或多核模块330，它可以是根据本发明的示意性数据处理系统300的一个或多个集成电路。数据处理系统300可包括以下一个或多个组件：I/O电路320、外围设备310、处理器340和存储器350。这些组件可以通过系统总线或者其它互联连接360连接在一起，且设置在最终用户系统的电路板370上，该最终用户系统可通过接口与同轴电缆媒介通信。
因此，已经描述了一种用于提供MoCA短脉冲前导的系统和方法。
已经参照解释性的实施例对本发明的各方面进行了描述。本技术领域的人员将会理解，在后附的权利要求的范围和精神内，可以存在很多附加的实施例、修改和改变。例如，本技术领域的人员将会理解，图示的步骤可以以所述顺序以外的其它顺序执行，且所述的一个或多个步骤是可选的。上述实施例的方法和系统可包括其它附加的元素、步骤、计算机可执行指令或者计算机可读数据结构。关于这一点，在此公开的其它实施例也可以通过例如存储计算机可执行指令或者模块、或者利用计算机可读数据结构在计算机可读媒介上部分或者全部实施。

Claims (10)

1.一种同轴电缆网络，其特征在于，所述网络包括可被配置用于请求消息的节点，所述消息包括短前导。
2.根据权利要求1所述的网络，其特征在于，所述网络节点包括接收器，所述接收器可被配置用于请求包含短脉冲前导的消息。
3.根据权利要求1所述的网络，其特征在于，所述前导包括单信道均衡部分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的网络，其特征在于，所述消息是预约请求消息。
5.根据权利要求1所述的网络，其特征在于，所述消息是传输控制协议确认信号消息。
6.根据权利要求1所述的网络，其特征在于，所述节点被配置用于在发射消息时请求利用减少的星座。
7.一种通过网络通信的方法，所述网络包括多个网络模块，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
请求接收包括短前导的短脉冲消息；
发射短脉冲消息；以及
接收短脉冲消息。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述前导包含单信道均衡部分。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述消息是预约请求消息。
10.一种同轴电缆网络，其特征在于，所述网络包括被配置用于发射包括短前导的消息。
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US20100158022A1 (en) 2010-06-24
CN101795171B (zh) 2016-09-21
EP2200305A2 (en) 2010-06-23
EP2200305B1 (en) 2017-02-22
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US20120307831A1 (en) 2012-12-06
US8238227B2 (en) 2012-08-07

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