CN101785463B - Triazolone and armure compound pesticide - Google Patents
Triazolone and armure compound pesticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN101785463B CN101785463B CN 201010134598 CN201010134598A CN101785463B CN 101785463 B CN101785463 B CN 101785463B CN 201010134598 CN201010134598 CN 201010134598 CN 201010134598 A CN201010134598 A CN 201010134598A CN 101785463 B CN101785463 B CN 101785463B
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Abstract
The invention discloses triazolone and armure compound pesticide, which belongs to the technical field of compound pesticide. The triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 25 percent of triazolone and 5 to 25 percent of armure. The co-toxicity coefficient of the triazolone and armure compound pesticide for different pathogenic bacteria causing spikelet rot disease is 125 to 182. The compound pesticide has better bacteria inhibiting effect on four pathogenic bacteria compared with the singly used triazolone or armure, the concentration of a compound agent with good inhibition effect is less than 17.37 to 50 percent of that of single pesticide, and the compound pesticide has good effect of preventing and controlling the rice spikelet rot disease, wherein the preventing effect on the spikelet rot disease and spikelet pathogeny is 80.99 to 96.23 percent and is remarkably higher than the preventing effects (66.90 percent and 64.92 percent) of the singly used triazolone and armure on the spikelet rot disease and spikelet pathogeny, the preventing effect on each spikelet rot disease grain is 71.56 to 93.54 percent and is remarkably higher than the preventing effects (56.14 percent and 57.33 percent) of the singly used triazolone and armure on the spikelet rot disease and spikelet pathogeny, and the preventing effect is increased quite remarkably after blending.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of compounded pesticide, be specifically related to triazolone and armure compound pesticide.
Background technology
Later Stage of Rice fringe section disease mainly comprises false smut, rice kernel smut, fungoid Ying's rot (glume blight) [Phoma sorghina (Sacc.) Boerema et al=Phyllosticta glumarum (Ell.﹠amp; Tr.) Miyake], bacillary glume blight (glume blight) [Burkholderia glumae (Kurita et Tabei) Urarmi, Ito Yoshida, Araki], (former name Pseudonomas glumae Kurita etTabei, 1967) in the past.Along with the change of global warming, tillage and cultivation measure and the popularization of large spike, japonica rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties (combination), the trend that Later Stage of Rice fringe section disease Occurrence has rising, increases the weight of.A kind of Later Stage of Rice fringe section disease---ear rot (Rice spikelet rot disease) (claiming in the past Ying's rot, glume blight) generally occurs in each rice district, the whole nation in recent years, particularly middle and lower reach of Yangtze River rice district, northeast japonica rice district.Some the rice district's generation of some times, harm seriously, are a kind of important diseases that recently rises on paddy rice.
After paddy rice infects ear rot, the paddy ripening rate decline 8%-10% that generally is injured, thousand kernel weight reduces the 0.6-1.0 gram, paddy underproduction 5%-10%, serious reaches more than 20%.Some susceptible variety (combination) and the heavy field clump incidence of disease of morbidity reach 100%, fringe incidence of disease severe one 85%-95%, and light 30%-50%, disease refers to 30-85; The infected grain of every fringe does not wait at 30%-75%.This disease can cause grain variable color, unreal, grain of rice distortion, yellowish-brown.Not only affect rice yield, more coloured due to pathogen and generation toxin changes the paddy outward appearance, reduces rice quality and quality.Rice Production, rice market price are impacted, people, animal fowl safety, health are worked the mischief.
According to each strain morphology feature and the Pathogenicity result to being separated on susceptible small ear, thinking tentatively that the Rice Panicle maize ear rot is infected by 4 kinds of disease funguses causes, is respectively fusarium prolifertum (Fusariumproliferatum), Australian Bipolaris sacchari (Bipolaris australiensis), lunata (Curvularia lunata) and alternaria bacterium (Alternaria tenuis).
At present, control Rice Panicle maize ear rot does not have the unified scheme of preventing and treating, and uses separately triazolone, likes the shortcomings such as seedling (Difenoconazole and propiconazole) although can play certain effect, exists cost compare large, and result of use, quick-acting or lasting effect are poor.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that prior art exists, the object of the invention is to design provides a kind of low cost, effective triazolone and the armure compound pesticide technical scheme of control Rice Panicle maize ear rot.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 5-25%, like seedling 5-25%.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 7-23%, like seedling 8-22%.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 9-20%, like seedling 10-20%.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 10-18%, like seedling 12-18%.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 14-16%, like seedling 14-16%.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide is characterized in that described love seedling active ingredient is Difenoconazole and propiconazole, and the percentage by weight of described Difenoconazole and propiconazole is 1: 1.
Described triazolone molecular formula is 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-butanone-2, and structural formula is C14H16CIN3O2, molecular weight is 293.75.
Described triazolone is known substance, can use the former medicine of triazolone or wetting powder or missible oil, can be produced agricultural chemicals company's production of the former medicine of triazolone, wetting powder, missible oil and be provided by each.
Described love seedling is known substance, can with like the former medicine of seedling or missible oil, first just reached crop protection Co., Ltd's company's production and provided by Switzerland.
Described triazolone and armure compound pesticide can be made into missible oil by existing routine techniques, namely add organic solvent and emulsifier in former medicine; Also can be made into wetting powder, namely former medicine adds wetting agent, dispersant and filler etc.
Proportioning in the present invention is the percentage by weight of the pure material of active ingredient.
The using method of triazolone and armure compound pesticide: respectively spray medicament one time in paddy rice booting later stage (before the beginning fringe 5-7 days) and full heading time, every mu of water consumption 45-50 kilogram, even spraying is in the fringe section of rice canopy.
Above-mentioned triazolone and armure compound pesticide, to the various pathogenic bacteria co-toxicity coefficient that causes ear rot at 125-182.this Recompounded pesticide all is better than triazolone to the inhibition of 4 pathogens, like the fungistatic effect when seedling uses separately, and in the inhibition of the built agent that this Recompounded pesticide is effective, concentration only accounts for below the 17.37%-50% of single dose, control Rice Panicle maize ear rot is effective, wherein to the preventive effect effect of ear rot fringe morbidity at 80.99%-96.23%, the preventive effect (66.90% of when all being significantly higher than triazolone and liking that seedling uses separately, the ear rot fringe being fallen ill, 64.92%), to the preventive effect of the every fringe of ear rot morbidity grain at 71.56%-93.54%, the preventive effect (56.14% of when all being significantly higher than triazolone and liking that seedling uses separately, the ear rot fringe being fallen ill, 57.33%), the rear preventive effect synergy that is mixed is very remarkable.
Embodiment
Further illustrate by the following examples the present invention.In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, all ratios are the active ingredient percentage by weight.Triazolone of the present invention and armure compound pesticide are liked mixture hereinafter referred to as powder.
Formula one: triazolone 5%, like seedling 25% (namely 5 gram triazolone a.i.+25g like seedling a.i.);
Formula two: triazolone 8%, like seedling 22%;
Formula three: triazolone 11%, like seedling 19%;
Formula four: triazolone 14%, like seedling 16%;
Formula five: triazolone 15%, like seedling 15%;
Formula six: triazolone 16%, like seedling 14%;
Formula seven: triazolone 19%, like seedling 11%;
Formula eight: triazolone 22%, like seedling 8%;
Formula nine: triazolone 25%, like seedling 5%.
The Recompounded pesticide of above-mentioned formula and 25% triazolone WP, 30% like that seedling missible oil carries out following comparative trial.One, control Rice Panicle maize ear rot reagent combination Seiving Tests
1.1 strains tested
Strains tested is the speed ear rot bacterium that the chamber separation of this institute paddy rice pathological study is preserved: fusarium prolifertum (Fusarium proliferatum, FP) infect to cause to be main, Australia Bipolaris sacchari (Bipolarisaustraliensis, BA), lunata (Curvularia lunata, CL) and alternaria bacterium (Alternaria tenuis, AT).
1.2 assay method
Adopt the dull and stereotyped colony growth method that suppresses to measure medicament to the fungistatic effect of pathogen.Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) medicament preparation and the preparation of pastille medium
First above-mentioned agricultural chemicals is dissolved in respectively sterile water, and dilution is mixed with the liquid of a series of variable concentrations gradients.Then it is in the culture dish of 9cm that the liquid of inhaling the above-mentioned variable concentrations gradient of 1ml with aseptic pipette adds diameter, and contrast adds the 1ml sterile water.Add again the PDA medium that 9ml has melted fully to be mixed, after cooled and solidified standby.
(2) pathogen inoculation
When bacterial strain bacterium colony to be purified grows to diameter 2cm, the card punch that with internal diameter is 6mm downcuts the bacterium dish in the bacterium colony outer rim, then bacterium dish (one side that mycelia is arranged) is inoculated into the pastille medium central authorities of having solidified, every processing repeats 3 times, cultivate under 28 ℃, adopt " cross " interior extrapolation method to measure colony diameter every day.
1.3 computational methods
To have or not synergy to be as the criterion.
2, measurement result
Reagent agent sees the following form 1,2 to the biologically active (EC50) of Rice Panicle maize ear rot bacterium and different mixed ratio thereof to poison exponent and the co-toxicity coefficient measurement result thereof of pathogen.
Table 1 triazolone, love seedling and mixed agent thereof are to concentration (EC in the inhibition of Rice Panicle maize ear rot bacterium
50)
| Reagent agent | FP bacterium EC 50 (ppm)(SF1) | BA bacterium EC 50 (ppm)(SF2) | CL bacterium EC 50 (ppm)(SF3) | AT bacterium EC 50 (ppm)(SF4) |
| (1) 25% triazolone WP | 638 | 808 | 1211 | 347 |
| (2) 30% like seedling missible oil | 875 | 938 | 1421 | 468 |
| (3) 30% powder are liked mixture 1 (formula one) | 481 | 653 | 989 | 222 |
| (4) 30% powder are liked mixture 2 (formula two) | 395 | 574 | 878 | 183 |
| (5) 30% powder are liked mixture 3 (formula three) | 310 | 502 | 786 | 158 |
| (6) 30% powder are liked mixture 4 (formula four) | 276 | 471 | 692 | 143 |
| (7) 30% powder are liked mixture 5 (formula five) | 195 | 363 | 587 | 132 |
| (8) 30% powder are liked mixture 6 (formula six) | 152 | 213 | 378 | 115 |
| (9) 30% powder are liked mixture 7 (formula seven) | 237 | 329 | 446 | 107 |
| (10) 30% powder are liked mixture 8 (formula eight) | 225 | 438 | 619 | 125 |
| (11) 30% powder are liked mixture 9 (formula nine) | 279 | 483 | 695 | 131 |
Table 2 mixed agent and former medicine EC
50More shared percentage
The reagent agent triazolone, like that seedling and mixed agent thereof see Table 1 and table 2 to the inhibition of Rice Panicle maize ear rot bacterium.All mixed agents that ginseng is surveyed all are better than triazolone, fungistatic effect when liking that seedling uses separately to the inhibitions of 4 pathogens.In the effect inhibition of mixed agent preferably, concentration only accounts for below the 17.37%-50% of single dose, and in the inhibition of the mixed agent that effect is the poorest, concentration accounts for 81.67% of single dose.To 4 pathogen inhibitions be preferably powder like mixture 5 (powder: like=15: 15), powder like mixture 6 (powder: like=16: 14), powder like mixture 7 (powder: like=19: 11) and powder like mixture 8 (powder: love=22: 8).Owing to liking that the seedling price is more expensive, from saving cost consideration, should select powder like mixture 6 (powder: like=16: 14), powder like mixture 7 (powder: like=19: 11), powder like mixture 8 (powder: like=22: 8) and powder like mixture 9 (powder: love=25: 5) mixed agent.
Two, Rice Panicle maize ear rot reagent combination field control ear rot test
1, materials and methods
1.1 kind: late japonica rice " elegant water 09 ".
1.2 process: reagent agent and mixed ratio are as follows, totally 13 processing.Every processing repeats for 3 times, every residential quarter 25m
2, random district group sheet is arranged.
(1) 25% triazolone (triadimefon) WP:60g/ mu
(2) 30% like seedling missible oil: 30% likes seedling: 18ml/ mu
(3) 30% powder are liked mixture 1 (formula one)
(4) 30% powder are liked mixture 2 (formula two)
(5) 30% powder are liked mixture 3 (formula three)
(6) 30% powder are liked mixture 4 (formula four)
(7) 30% powder are liked mixture 5 (formula five)
(8) 30% powder are liked mixture 6 (formula six)
(9) 30% powder are liked mixture 7 (formula seven)
(10) 30% powder are liked mixture 8 (formula eight)
(11) 30% powder are liked mixture 9 (formula nine)
(12) 50% carbendazim WPs (mildew-resistant is precious): 100g/ mu
(13) 5% jinggangmeisu aquas: 200ml/ mu
(14) 70% thiophanate-methyl WP (thiophanate methyl): 100g/ mu
(15) 50% Chlorothalonil WP against cucumber mildew: 100g/ mu
(16) clear water: 50,000 g/acres
Carry out 1.3 adopt direct-seeding, seeding quantity is 37.5kg/hm
2, in seed soaking on May 26, May 29 is live.7d before the beginning fringe (being August 23), Qi Suihou (September 3) respectively execute medicine one time.Every mu of above-mentioned 13 treatment agent use by 50 kilograms of pharmaceutical quantities of spraying.
1.4 investigation: the ripe and harvested phase (November 1), five point samplings were taked in every residential quarter, every neat at least mud cuts 50 tassels nylon guipure of packing into, after drying in species test chamber species test.Main investigation plant height, spike length, fringe weight, susceptible spike number, the real grain of every fringe number, the flat grain of every fringe number, every fringe infected seed number, thousand kernel weight.
2, results and analysis
2.1 the impact on plant height, spike length.Each is processed rice plant plant height, spike length ground impact without significant difference.
2.2 the impact on every fringe reality grain number, the flat grain of every fringe number, fringe weight and thousand kernel weight.Triazolone with like seedling be mixed use can increase that fringe is heavy, every fringe infected seed number and thousand kernel weight, reduce the flat grain number of every fringe.Be mainly to have alleviated disease, reduced the cause of flat grain number.
2.3 the preventive effect to fringe morbidity and grain morbidity.The mixed agent of triazolone+each concentration of love seedling to the preventive effect of ear rot fringe morbidity at 80.99%-96.23%, when all being significantly higher than triazolone and liking that seedling uses separately, to the preventive effect (66.90%, 64.92%) of ear rot fringe morbidity, the rear preventive effect synergy that is mixed is very remarkable; Other jinggangmeisus of participating in the experiment, carbendazim, tpn and Cercobinm to the preventive effect of ear rot fringe morbidity at 41.17%-56.80%; The mixed agent of triazolone+each concentration of love seedling to the preventive effect of the every fringe of ear rot morbidity grain at 71.56%-93.54%, the preventive effect (56.14%, 57.33%) of when all being significantly higher than triazolone and liking that seedling uses separately, the ear rot fringe being fallen ill, the rear preventive effect synergy that is mixed is very remarkable, other jinggangmeisus of participating in the experiment, carbendazim, tpn and Cercobinm at 36.05%-64.00%, see Table 3 to the preventive effect of ear rot fringe morbidity.Owing to liking that the seedling price is higher, the triazolone low price, consider from preventive effect and integrated economics angle, should select triazolone content higher, and like the lower triazolone of seedling content and love the seedling formulation that is mixed, as powder like mixture prescription 6 (powder+loves=16g+14g a.i., lower with), powder like mixture prescription 7 (powder+loves=19g+11g), powder like mixture prescription 8 (powder+love=22g+8g), powder love mixture prescription 9 (powder+love=25g+5g)/mu.
The different bactericide of table 3 and mixed agent thereof the field efficacy to ear rot
| Process | Fringe incidence of disease % | Preventive effect % | Grain incidence of disease % | Preventive effect % |
| (1) 25% triazolone (triazolone) WP:80g/ mu | 11.86 | 66.90 | 8.82 | 56.14 |
| (2) 30% like seedling missible oil: 30% likes seedling: 20ml/ mu | 12.57 | 64.92 | 8.58 | 57.33 |
| (3) powder is liked mixture 1 (5g triadimefon a.i.+25g likes seedling a.i., and is lower same) | 6.81 | 80.99 | 5.72 | 71.56 |
| (4) powder is liked mixture 2 (8+22) | 5.73 | 84.01 | 3.81 | 81.05 |
| (5) powder is liked mixture 3 (11+19) | 2.79 | 92.21 | 3.43 | 82.94 |
| (6) powder is liked mixture 4 (14+16) | 3.26 | 90.90 | 2.71 | 86.52 |
| (7) powder is liked mixture 5 (15+15) | 2.55 | 92.88 | 2.60 | 87.07 |
| (8) powder is liked mixture 6 (16+14) | 1.47 | 95.90 | 2.20 | 89.06 |
| (9) powder is liked mixture 7 (19+11) | 1.35 | 96.23 | 1.30 | 93.54 |
| (10) powder is liked mixture 8 (22+8) | 1.84 | 94.86 | 1.69 | 91.60 |
| (11) powder is liked mixture 9 (25+5) | 2.76 | 92.30 | 2.31 | 88.51 |
| (12) 50% carbendazim WPs (mildew-resistant is precious): 100g/ mu | 18.66 | 47.92 | 9.76 | 51.47 |
| (13) 5% jinggangmeisu aquas: 200ml/ mu | 21.08 | 41.17 | 12.86 | 36.05 |
| (14) 70% thiophanate-methyl WP (thiophanate methyl): 100g/ mu | 15.48 | 56.80 | 7.24 | 64.00 |
| (15) 50% tpn (reaching the Kolding) WP:100g/ mus | 19.73 | 44.93 | 8.17 | 59.37 |
| (16) clear water: 50,000 g/acres | 35.83 | / | 20.11 | / |
Three, the research of Rice Panicle maize ear rot
1, materials and methods
1.1 the disease natural occurrence is observed mainly all kinds of rice varieties (combination) that Chinese rice research tested district is planted and is observed, investigates, and Zhejiang, Hunan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu and rice district, northeast are investigated, access, analyze in conjunction with local climate condition (physical record and weather forecast data).
1.2 sick paddy standard specimen source obtains from the japonica rice variety " elegant water 09 " of this tested base plantation and the grouting of CY and YY Indica-Japonica Hybrid Rice series-susceptible spike of rice sampling in field stage of yellow ripeness.
1.3 for examination medium potato dextrose agar (PDA), and the Cha Shi medium (Czapek ' sAgar): sucrose 30g, sodium nitrate 2g, magnesium sulfate 0.5g, iron sulfate 0.01g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g, potassium chloride 0.5g, agar 13g, distilled water 1000ml.
1.4 the separation of pathogen and purifying are rinsed sick paddy well with clear water after, tissue block partition method bacterial isolate bacterium, after bacterium colony forms, carry out first microscopy and evaluation routinely.Monospore partition method picking spore or cut mycelia from the bacterium colony moves on the PDA medium and further cultivates, and obtains altogether 4 strains of purifying bacterial strain, is respectively and is recorded as SF1, SF2, SF3, SF4, saves backup.
1.5 the mensuration that different strains is pathogenic to paddy rice
1.5.1 artificial infection is prepared into respectively 5 * 10 with SF1, SF2, SF3, SF4
5The spore suspension of spore/mL is for inoculation.Bloom in rice young panicle and carried out pin injection inoculation and artificial spray inoculation in young fringe grain husk the same day, be divided into 4 classes according to inoculation grain incidence: complete brown type=grain all becomes yellowish-brown-pitchy; Approximately 1/2nd be brown on half brown type=grain; Larger foxiness is arranged on foxiness type=grain; Brown selecting on type=grain has small brown specks.7d investigation incidence after inoculation, the ripening rate of 30d statistics morbidity paddy after inoculation:
Ripening rate=(total number of the real grain number/morbidity paddy of morbidity paddy) * 100%.
1.5.2 the paddy that inoculation is fallen ill is got in separating again of pathogenic bacteria, according to 1.4 method bacterial isolate things, obtains pure culture on the PDA plating medium, and compares with former inoculating strain.
1.6 different bactericide are to each bacterial strain fungistatic effect and the control test of residential quarter, field
1.6.1 reagent agent 15% triazolone pulvis (Jiangsu Jiannong Agrochemical Co., Ltd.), 5% jinggangmeisu aqua (Zhejiang Tonglu Huifeng Bio-Chemical Co., Ltd.), 20% tricyclazole II pulvis (Zhejiang Hangzhou the West Lake pesticide chemical factory).
1.6.2 medicament adopts the mycelial growth rate method to measure on the impact of mycelial growth, every concentration repeats 3 times, to add sterile water as blank, obtains virulence regression equation and the EC of medicament
50
1.6.3 field controling test has carried out the control test of residential quarter, field with fungicides such as 20% tricyclazole WP, 15% triazolone (triadimefon) WP, 50% carbendazim WP, the WP of good fortune more than 50%.Adopt the late japonica rice variety of elegant water 09, every processing repeats for 4 times, every residential quarter 25m
2, random district group is arranged.Respectively spray medicine one time in paddy rice booting later stage (heading before 5-7 days) and heading flowering period.After medicine, 20 days and stage of yellow ripeness are investigated once respectively for the second time.Every residential quarter is investigated 5 clumps at every by 5 point sampling investigation, records the sick number of burst and fringe morbidity number, calculates at last the fringe incidence of disease and preventive effect.
2, results and analysis
2.1 ear rot symptom and generation, regularty of epidemic 2006-2008 find a kind of very serious fringe section disease that recently rises the paddy rice (especially japonica rice such as elegant water 09 and CY and YY Indica-Japonica Hybrid Rice series of combination) of China Paddy Rice Inst's proving ground plantation is upper, only occur at heading flowering period, infect the clever shell of fringe section.Their early stage, top small ear grain husk beak end or side are given birth to the oval fleck of yellowish-brown-rust, after gradually be extended to large of grain or all, the scab initial stage is rust red, gradually becomes yellowish-brown, brown.Paddy rice becomes pitchy when ripe, the mould layer of local disease fringe adularescent.This disease symptoms is relevant with temperature, the humidity of kind (combination) and heading flowering period.The spike of rice of falling ill morning and weighing can not be solid, and the slow grain filling that affects of falling ill enriches, and thousand kernel weight obviously reduces.Sick paddy grain of rice deformity has blackspot or spot russet on grain.Output and the quality of paddy of being injured obviously descends, the paddy ripening rate decline 8%-10% left and right that generally is injured, and thousand kernel weight reduces the 0.6-1.0 gram, paddy underproduction 5%-10%, serious reaches more than 20%.
Natural occurrence is found between kind (combination) obvious to this sick resistant, susceptible difference through observation, the investigation of 3 years.The japonica rice of tight fringe type, as elegant water 09, elegant water 110, Indica-Japonica Hybrid Rice, rice variety (combination) as loose than the fringe type in CY and the hybrid combination of YY series etc. is easier to be susceptible.2006-2008, ear rot all has generation in the China Paddy Rice Inst test region, particularly 2007,2008 in, late japonica rice and indica-japonica hybrid combination (CY and YY series), find in heading flowering-maturing stage investigation, serious susceptible variety and the field clump incidence of disease 100%, fringe incidence of disease severe one 85%-95%, light 30%-50%, disease refers to 30-85; The infected grain of every fringe does not wait at 30%-75%, and it endangers not second to panicle blast.Investigation result shows, elegant water 09, elegant water 110, indica-japonica hybrid strain: single late 2I, single late 9I, single late 10I, single late 1III, single late 3III, single late 7III, single late 9III, single late 10III, the clump such as S24I, S31I, S25III, S26III, the S31III incidence of disease is all at 85%-100%, the fringe incidence of disease 90% left and right, single infected grain of fringe 50% left and right has a strong impact on yield and quality, causes test normally not complete.
The generation of this disease and japonica rice and Indica-Japonica Hybrid Rice combination fringe type closely, heading flowering longer duration, paddy rice booting the later stage-heading flowering period meet overcast and rainy (high humility), warm (25-30 ℃) weather especially easily occur, popular.Same kind (elegant water 09) nitrogenous fertilizer is executed manyly, grows densely, light green person falls ill heavily.
2.2 the separation of pathogen, purifying and Pathogenicity from the grain of sick section small ear, separate, are purified to 4 kinds of pathogens that morphological feature is different, are respectively to be recorded as SF1, SF2, SF3 and SF4.
Adopt the inoculation of pin injection or spray-on process inoculation in flowering stage in grain husk no matter be, the young fringe that 4 isolated strains Inoculated Rices (elegant water 09) have just been bloomed, all produce the rotten symptom of typical fringe on the grain husk shell, originally symptom is the bronzing point, after be extended to the bronzing scab, show the symptom identical with the field.
As can be seen from Table 4, there is significant otherness in the pathogenicity of different strains.Adopt injection inoculation in grain husk flowering stage, the grain incidence of disease that bacterial strain SF2 causes is the highest, reaches 93.94%; After inoculation 7d, bacterial strain SF1 causes the extent of injury of paddy the heaviest, and complete brown type grain accounts for 49.86% of total sick paddy, and bacterial strain SF2 causes the ripening rate of disease paddy minimum, is only 7.64%.Flowering stage spray inoculation, the grain of rice incidence of disease that bacterial strain SF3 causes is the highest, reaches 94.62%; After inoculation 7d, bacterial strain SF3 causes the extent of injury of grain the heaviest, and complete brown type grain accounts for 68.29% of total sick grain, and ripening rate is minimum, is 8.33%.In general, in the grain husk, injection inoculation occurring degree overweights the spray-on process inoculation.
Table 4 isolated strains different vaccination method inoculation sequela situation
Represent 5% level difference significance with lowercases different after column of figure, represent the significance of difference of 1% level with the capitalization before column of figure.
2.3 pathogenic bacteria separate and identify grain that (Koch's Postulates) get the inoculation sequela again by 1.4 method bacterial isolate bacterium, but Re-isolation goes out the bacterial strain the same with the pathogen of original inoculation respectively.Its bacterium colony external form feature is as bacterium colony quality, color, size; Conidial type, size, separation number and proterties etc. are all identical with corresponding inoculating strain, and Molecular Identification is subsequently further confirmed.Above process has been completed Koch's Postulates, and therefore the preliminary ear rot of determining that this research institute gathers is to be caused by multiple pathogen infection.
2.4 different bactericide to the inhibitory action of pathogen mycelial growth be clear and definite different isolated strains to the susceptibility of bactericide, adopt growth rate method to measure 4 bacterial strains to the susceptibility of triazolone, tricyclazole and 3 kinds of fungicides commonly used of jinggangmeisu.Obtain regression equation, table 5 by the probit value that the reagent agent gradient is corresponding with mycelial growth inhibition rate.Result shows, triazolone all has higher fungistatic effect to 4 bacterial strains, and triazolone is best to the inhibition of SF4, its EC
50Be 3.47mgmL
-1, significantly lower than the EC to other bacterial strain
50Tricyclazole also has certain inhibitory action to 4 bacterial strains, and the growth inhibition effect of SF3 and SF4 is better than SF2, and is the most weak to the inhibitory action of SF1.Jinggangmeisu does not almost have inhibitory action to 4 bacterial strains.In 3 fungicides of participating in the experiment, triazolone is best to the fungistatic effect of each bacterial strain of ear rot.
Table 5 bactericide is to the growth inhibiting regression equation of pathogen and EC
50Value
2.5 field control effect has carried out residential quarter, control ear rot field efficiency test with fungicides such as 20% tricyclazole WP, 15% triazolone WP, 50% carbendazim WP, the WP of good fortune more than 50%.Result shows, it is once best to the ear rot preventive effect in booting later stage and each spraying of heading flowering period that per hectare adds 750 kilograms, water with 15% triazolone 1500 grams, and the fringe incidence of disease significantly reduces, and preventive effect is 78.4%, next is the pulvis of good fortune more than 50% per hectare 1200 grams, and preventive effect is 74.3%.20% tricyclazole is relative relatively poor with 50% carbendazim preventive effect.On producing, can suitably regulate and broadcast the cultivation phase, reach and keep away disease morbidity purpose.Present many places are multiple plants the single cropping rice, and it is larger that paddy rice is broadcast cultivation phase adjustable extent, makes that the Rice Heading blooming stage avoids that local rainwater is many, high humidity, warm weather, the generation that can obviously alleviate disease.As In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province the Rice Heading blooming stage to be avoided the mid or late August-early and middle ten days in September (be mainly Heavy Rain of Typhoon, temperature reduce).Meet as heading flowering period and warm moist, respectively spray on medicine basis once before booting later stage and heading, add in neat fringe-grouting milk ripe stage and spray a medicine.
3, discuss
The Morphological Characteristics of Their Pathogenic and the Pathogenicity result that are separated to from susceptible grain, tentatively determine the Rice Panicle maize ear rot be by fusarium prolifertum (Fusarium proliferatum), Australian Bipolaris sacchari (Bipolaris australiensis), lunata (Curvularia lunata) and alternaria bacterium (Alternaria tenuis) jointly due to.No matter each isolated strains adopts the interior pin injection spore liquid of grain husk or the spray-on process inoculation all can cause the small ear morbidity, show the symptom identical with the field, but between bacterial strain, pathogenicity difference is obvious.
Claims (2)
1. triazolone and armure compound pesticide, it is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 15%, like seedling 15%, described love seedling active ingredient is Difenoconazole and propiconazole, the weight proportion of described Difenoconazole and propiconazole is 1:1, and wherein wt percentage is the active ingredient percentage by weight.
2. triazolone and armure compound pesticide, it is characterized in that containing the component of following weight percentage: triazolone 16%, like seedling 14%, described love seedling active ingredient is Difenoconazole and propiconazole, the weight proportion of described Difenoconazole and propiconazole is 1:1, and wherein wt percentage is the active ingredient percentage by weight.
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| CN101536646A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-09-23 | 宁波市鄞州区农业技术服务站 | Rush stubble late rice waste grass covering ecological direct sowing method |
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| Title |
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| 朱卫刚等.丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑复配对水稻纹枯病的联合毒力.《农药》.2008,第47卷(第5期),第365-366页. * |
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