CN101733553A

CN101733553A - Laser welding method for metal part by dual-wavelength dual laser beam

Info

Publication number: CN101733553A
Application number: CN200810051448A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑培和; 姚远; 魏伟; 陈明; 孔德举; 秦芳; 喻皓淳
Original assignee: FAW Group Corp
Current assignee: FAW Group Corp
Priority date: 2008-11-21
Filing date: 2008-11-21
Publication date: 2010-06-16

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser welding method for a metal part by dual-wavelength dual laser beam, which is characterized in that: two laser beams with two wavelengths are focused, and laser welding processing is performed on the same position of the metal part. The two laser beams are divided into a main laser beam and an auxiliary laser beam according to effects thereof, wherein the main laser beam is CO2 laser with a laser power range of 0.2 to 20 kilowatts, and the auxiliary laser beam is YAG laser with a power range of 0.1 to 2 kilowatts. The dual-wavelength dual laser beam is used to perform laser welding on the metal part, wherein one laser beam is the main laser beam used for supplying main energy needed by welding the part, and the other laser beam is the auxiliary laser beam used for improving the absorptivity of the metal part surface on the main laser beam. The power of the YAG laser can be low, the cost can be lowered remarkably and the performance can be stable. Meanwhile, the welding quality of the metal part is improved remarkably.

Description

Dual-wavelength dual laser beam is to the method for laser welding of metal parts

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the method for laser welding of a kind of dual-wavelength dual laser beam to metal parts, is a kind of laser welding technology of new type of metal part.

Background technology:

Existing metal parts laser welding technology adopts single laser instrument (exporting single wavelength laser bundle) of planting to carry out laser weld processing usually.Laser instrument commonly used is CO ₂Laser instrument and YAG laser instrument.CO ₂10.6 microns of laser instrument optical maser wavelengths; 1.06 microns of YAG laser instrument optical maser wavelengths.

CO ₂The laser instrument cost is lower, stable performance, but since metal parts to the reflectivity height of the laser of 10.6 microns of the wavelength of its output, welding quality is limited.Obviously be not so good as YAG short wavelength's laser weld effect such as welding heat affected zone, the depth of weld and surface state etc.YAG laser is because wavelength is short, and the metal parts surface is low to its reflectivity, its good absorbing of metal pair.The metal surface is to YAG and CO ₂The absorptivity of laser differs (different some difference of metal multiple) about 3 to 5 times.So YAG laser weld crudy obviously improves, and can be used for Precision Machining.But cost an arm and a leg with YAG solid state laser under the constant power, welding cost exceeds CO ₂Laser instrument is many.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to provide the method for laser welding of a kind of dual-wavelength dual laser beam to metal parts, be to adopt the double laser beam of dual wavelength to carry out the metal parts laser weld simultaneously, beam of laser is the main laser bundle, be responsible for providing the part main energy that welding needs, another laser beam is a secondary laser beams, is responsible for improving the absorptivity of metal parts surface to the main laser bundle.Main beam is 10.6 microns laser of wavelength, and secondary laser beams is the laser that 1.06 microns YAG laser instruments of wavelength send; Here, because the power of YAG laser instrument can be lower, so cost can obviously be reduced, performance can be very stable simultaneously.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the method for laser welding of dual-wavelength dual laser beam to metal parts, it is characterized in that: with two bundle laser beams of two kinds of wavelength, through simultaneously the co-located of metal parts being carried out laser weld processing after focusing on, the laser beam group is made of main laser bundle and secondary laser beams, and the main laser bundle is that the laser power scope is 0.2-20 kilowatt CO ₂Laser, secondary laser beams are that power bracket is a 0.1-2 kilowatt of YAG laser; Its concrete grammar is: the laser beam of two kinds of wavelength is focused on the rational relative space position collocation of back formation, 10.6 microns CO of wavelength ₂The focusing focus of the 1.06 microns YAG laser beams of focus and wavelength after laser beam focuses on overlaps substantially, the focusing focal position of YAG laser beam goes out before wanting, 1.06 micron wave length laser ignitions with the YAG laser instrument, YAG laser can make metallic surface temperature raise rapidly, after the metal surface reaches molten state, to CO ₂The absorptivity of 10.6 micron wave length laser of laser instrument improves rapidly, makes the processed position of metal parts absorb needed welding energy.

Good effect of the present invention is: because the two laser acting in conjunction of two kinds of wavelength has improved the assimilation effect of metal parts to laser, can finish common CO ₂The inaccessiable welding quality of laser weld increases weld penetration, reduces weld width, reduces part deformation.Can also finish common CO ₂The weld task that the laser weld difficulty is big is as the welding of aluminium alloy; Owing to improved the assimilation effect of metal parts, can also reduce the input of the needed total laser energy of weld metal part to laser.Both avoid adopting the needed high fund input of powerful YAG laser instrument, also can reduce needed CO ₂The specified general power of laser apparatus has further reduced the laser equipment cost, thereby has reduced the laser weld cost of metal parts.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a dual-wavelength dual laser beam welding schematic diagram of the present invention:

The specific embodiment:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: as shown in Figure 1, dual-wavelength dual laser beam is to the method for laser welding of metal parts, it is characterized in that: with two bundle laser beams of two kinds of wavelength, through after focusing simultaneously the same position 3 to metal parts carry out laser weld processing, laser beam can be divided into main laser bundle 1 and secondary laser beams 2 according to its effect in welding process.Main laser bundle 1 is that the laser power scope is 0.2-20 kilowatt CO ₂Laser, secondary laser beams 2 are that power bracket is a 0.1-2 kilowatt of YAG laser.Its concrete grammar is: the laser beam of two kinds of wavelength is focused on the rational relative space position collocation of back formation, 10.6 microns CO of wavelength ₂The focusing focus of the 1.06 microns YAG laser beams 2 of focus and wavelength after laser beam 1 focuses on overlaps substantially, the focusing focal position of YAG laser beam 1 goes out before wanting, 1.06 micron wave length laser ignitions with the YAG laser instrument, YAG laser can make metallic surface temperature raise rapidly, after the metal surface reaches molten state, to CO ₂The absorptivity of 10.6 micron wave length laser of laser instrument improves rapidly, thereby makes the processed position of metal parts absorb needed welding energy.

The 1.06 micron wave length laser of YAG can play a kind of ignition action.Utilize YAG laser can be the characteristics of the more absorption in metal surface, metallic surface temperature is raise, after the metal surface reaches molten state, rapidly CO ₂The absorptivity of 10.6 micron wave length laser of laser instrument improves rapidly, makes the processed position of metal parts absorb needed welding energy.Along with two kinds of laser spots simultaneously with speed relatively the continuous of metal parts surface move, the 1.06 micron wave length laser of YAG continue to play the advanced ignition effect, make CO ₂10.6 micron wave length laser energies of laser instrument obtain good absorption, thereby have improved welding quality.

Claims

1. dual-wavelength dual laser beam is to the method for laser welding of metal parts, it is characterized in that: with two bundle laser beams of two kinds of wavelength, through after focusing simultaneously the same position (3) to metal parts carry out laser weld processing, the laser beam group is made of main laser bundle (1) and secondary laser beams (2), and main laser bundle (1) is that the laser power scope is 0.2-20 kilowatt CO ₂Laser, secondary laser beams (2) are that power bracket is a 0.1-2 kilowatt of YAG laser.

2. dual-wavelength dual laser beam according to claim 1 is characterized in that to the method for laser welding of metal parts described concrete grammar is: the laser beam of two kinds of wavelength is focused on the rational relative space position collocation of back formation, 10.6 microns CO of wavelength ₂Focus after laser beam (1) focuses on overlaps substantially with the focusing focus of 1.06 microns YAG laser beams of wavelength (2), the focusing focal position of YAG laser beam goes out before wanting, 1.06 micron wave length laser ignitions with the YAG laser instrument, YAG laser can make metallic surface temperature raise rapidly, after the metal surface reaches molten state, to CO ₂The absorptivity of 10.6 micron wave length laser of laser instrument improves rapidly, makes the processed position of metal parts absorb needed welding energy.