CN101726848A - Adaptive liquid crystal optical system capable of opening loop and closing loop - Google Patents
Adaptive liquid crystal optical system capable of opening loop and closing loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN101726848A CN101726848A CN200910218116A CN200910218116A CN101726848A CN 101726848 A CN101726848 A CN 101726848A CN 200910218116 A CN200910218116 A CN 200910218116A CN 200910218116 A CN200910218116 A CN 200910218116A CN 101726848 A CN101726848 A CN 101726848A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the adaptive optical field and discloses an adaptive liquid crystal optical system capable of switching between an open loop adaptive correction function and a close loop adaptive correction function, relating to the combination of optical elements, such as a liquid crystal corrector, a wavefront detector, a wave plate, a PBS beam splitter and the like. The invention provides an adaptive liquid crystal optical system capable of opening loop, which has simple operation, low resetting difficulty and favourable stability and has the close loop adaptive correction mode. The system adopts the PBS beam splitter to replace a common polaroid, so that the adaptive liquid crystal optical system has high energy utilization ratio; as the PBS performs polarized beam splitting after being arranged in the liquid crystal corrector and is combined with an optical rotation mechanism, a detection corrector does not need to rotate PBS during response matrix, avoiding the optical axis retting error caused by the motion. In addition, the system can be switched into the adaptive correcting optical system capable of closing loop, and can quantificationally detect the correction performance of the detection system in the loop closing mode so as to provide convenience for resetting the adaptive liquid crystal optical system capable of opening loop.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the adaptive optics field, relate to the combination of optical elements such as liquid crystal corrector, wave front detector, adaptive optics controller, wave plate and PBS beam splitter, specifically a kind of LCD self-adapting optic system that between open loop adaptively correcting and closed-loop adaptation calibration function, can switch.
Background technology
The function of adaptively correcting system is that distorted wavefront to incident light carries out real-Time Compensation and proofreaies and correct before the light wave, obtains desirable optical imagery.
The liquid crystal corrector adopts microelectric technique, utilizes the characteristics of liquid crystal device high pixel density, the correction accuracy height, and mature preparation process, so the adaptive system of liquid crystal corrector has very big application potential.But the liquid crystal corrector must be worked in polarized light, if adaptive system is designed to common closed-loop adaptation correction mode, capacity usage ratio will lower 50%.In " LCD self-adapting optic system of polarized light energy loss-free " (Chinese patent, ZL 200610173382), propose the technology of an open loop LCD self-adapting optic system, solved the polarization energy loss problem of LCD self-adapting optic system 50%.
Said closed-loop adaptation corrective system is that light beam passes through polaroid, corrector earlier, is divided into two-way then, and one the tunnel is used for surveying, and one the tunnel is used for imaging, and the energy of two-way is 25% of incident optical energy.And open loop adaptively correcting system is divided into the two-way polarized light with incident light earlier with the PBS polarization beam apparatus, and then about 50% energy is used for surveying, and other 50% energy is used for entering the CCD imaging behind the wavefront correction.Closed-loop corrected device is different fully on light path with the open loop correction device, has caused open loop LCD self-adapting corrective system energy loss very little.
But, when measuring the liquid crystal corrector in the open loop adaptively correcting system to the response matrix of Zernike pattern, need the PBS polarization beam apparatus in the aforesaid adaptively correcting system done and once rotate, treat again the PBS rotation to be restored after the response matrix test is finished so that light path is switched to built-in light source.The reset error of bringing thus is bigger to the imaging effect influence.Reduce this influence, need the rotational structure precision of rotating device is proposed very high request, be difficult to accomplish.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of LCD self-adapting optic system that has open loop and closed loop concurrently.The present invention need not PBS beam splitter (PBS polarization beam apparatus) and rotates the switching that can realize between open loop and two kinds of correction modes of closed loop, can avoid PBS beam splitter reset error, has reduced the resetting difficulty and the device cost of system.When ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS was in the open loop correction pattern, the relative closed loop mode of capacity usage ratio improved nearly 1 times; When ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is in closed-loop corrected pattern, can monitor correction accuracy and stability, remedied the defective that correction accuracy can not quantitatively be understood by simple open loop correction system.
The present invention is positioned over the PBS beam splitter after the liquid crystal corrector.Because the liquid crystal corrector can only be to polarized light, be that e light is proofreaied and correct, and o light is not had calibration result, with the PBS beam splitter separately with the e light of liquid crystal corrector outgoing and o light, corresponding respectively S light and P light and be divided into two bundles; The S light that obtains proofreading and correct enters the CCD imaging, and the P light that does not obtain proofreading and correct enters detector, detector is recorded proofread and correct preceding distorted wavefront.This bearing calibration belongs to the open loop correction pattern.When measuring detector to the Zernike mode response matrix of liquid crystal corrector, only need place a pointolite with the joint of ambient light receiving system, the emission wavelength of pointolite is at (the λ-15nm)～(in the scope of λ+15nm) that with λ is the center, before the PBS beam splitter, insert a crystallographic axis becomes miter angle with the liquid crystal aligning direction λ/2 wave plates again, light beam through λ/2 wave plates, its polarization state can be revolved and be turn 90 degrees, the corresponding P of one-tenth of the e light light that is subjected to the modulation of liquid crystal corrector in the two-beam that makes the PBS beam splitter separate enters wave front detector, finishes the measurement of response matrix.Shift out pointolite and λ/2 wave plates, system can carry out the wavefront adaptively correcting imaging of outer target.
This design no longer needs the PBS beam splitter to be rotated, and only needs insertion and extraction pointolite and wave plate to get final product.The wave plate element is the tabular uniaxial crystal, and thickness is very evenly also very thin, and its insertion and extraction can not influence the direction of propagation of light beam, so can not have influence on the correcting imaging performance of system.Simultaneously, this light path allows to insert polaroid and insert λ/4 wave plates before the liquid crystal corrector before the PBS beam splitter, and it is closed-loop corrected that correction mode is become, and the insertion of polaroid and λ/4 wave plates also can not influence the consistance precision of systematic optical axis.Its principle is, the polaroid of insertion is converted to polarized light with incident light, the wavefront correction of realization liquid crystal corrector that can 100%; λ/4 wave plates that become miter angle to place with the liquid crystal aligning direction by a crystallographic axis then make the linearly polarized light behind the wavefront correction be converted into circularly polarized light; Circularly polarized light is divided into the light beam that two bundles are corrected equally when passing through the PBS beam splitter again, enter wave front detector and imaging CCD respectively, forms and proofreaies and correct earlier the closed-loop corrected mode of operation of afterwards surveying.Though this compatible closed-loop adaptation correction mode used polaroid, cause 50% optical energy loss and be not suitable for external target and carry out self adaptive imaging, but can be used for the quantitative evaluation of system compensation performance, be convenient to debuging and through engineering approaches of liquid crystal come loop self-adaptive optical system.
Primary optical system of the present invention is made up of first lens 1, quick galvanometer 2, second lens 3, the 3rd lens 4, liquid crystal corrector 5, slim catoptron 6, the 4th lens 7, PBS beam splitter 8, the 5th lens 9, imaging CCD10, wave front detector 11 as shown in Figure 1.Galvanometer 2 is between first lens 1 and second lens 3 fast, and its normal becomes 45 degree with the optical axis of first lens 1, makes incident beam reflex to second lens 3 with 45 degree simultaneously; The 3rd lens 4 are between second lens 3 and liquid crystal corrector 5, and the optical axis of second lens 3 is parallel with the optical axis of the 3rd lens 4, at a distance of 4mm～6mm, so that can incide on the slim catoptron 6 from the light beam of the 3rd lens 4 outgoing; Slim catoptron 6 is between the 3rd lens 4 and the 4th lens 7, and its normal becomes 45 degree configurations with the optical axis of the 3rd lens 4 and the 4th lens 7, and the three at grade; PBS beam splitter 8 is between the 4th lens 7 and wave front detector 11; The 5th lens 9 are between PBS beam splitter 8 and imaging CCD10.Primary optical system is an open loop adaptively correcting pattern.
The focal plane of the front focus of first lens 1 and the optical detection system of outer target joins, and the emergent pupil of optical detection system is imaged on the quick galvanometer 2; Second lens 3 and the 3rd lens 4 are a pair of conjugated lens group, are used to make quick galvanometer 2 and the configuration of liquid crystal corrector 5 conjugation; The distance that second lens 3 and the 3rd lens are 4 is the focal length sum of the two; The optical axis of the galvanometer 2 and second lens 3 is that the optical axis of optical axis one, the three lens 4 and liquid crystal corrector 5 is an optical axis two fast, and these two optical axises are parallel to each other, at a distance of 4mm～6mm; Slim catoptron 6 places between second lens 3 and the 3rd lens 4, and be positioned at the mirror position of optical axis one with respect to optical axis two, realize the focus beam split, guaranteeing that slim catoptron 6 does not block through second lens 3 incides light on the liquid crystal corrector 5, and the light that liquid crystal corrector 5 can also be reflected imports follow-up system; The 3rd lens 4 and the 4th lens 7 also are a pair of conjugated lens groups, are used for liquid crystal corrector 5 and the configuration of wave front detector 11 conjugation; Imaging CCD10 places the image planes place of the 5th lens 9.
Under the open loop adaptively correcting pattern measurement light path of response matrix as shown in Figure 2, λ/2 wave plates 14 are positioned between the 4th lens 7 and the PBS beam splitter 8, and the crystallographic axis of λ/2 wave plates 14 becomes miter angle with the liquid crystal aligning direction of liquid crystal corrector 5; At the front focus place of first lens 1 set-point light source 15.
After λ/4 wave plates 12 and polaroid 13 insert the described system of Fig. 1, system can be switched to the closed-loop adaptation correction mode.As shown in Figure 3, polaroid 13 is positioned between first lens 1 and the quick galvanometer 2, and λ/4 wave plates 12 are positioned between the 4th lens 7 and the PBS beam splitter 8; Pointolite 15 is used for the correction accuracy and stability of detection system as the imageable target of closed-loop system.
The present invention can realize the switching between open loop and two kinds of correction modes of closed loop accurately, has reduced the resetting difficulty and the device cost of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an open loop adaptively correcting pattern light path synoptic diagram of the present invention.1 is first lens, and 2 is quick galvanometer, and 3 is second lens, and 4 is the 3rd lens, and 5 is the liquid crystal corrector, and 6 is slim catoptron, and 7 is the 4th lens, and 8 is the PBS beam splitter, and 9 is the 5th lens, and 10 are imaging CCD, and 11 is wave front detector.The front focus of first lens 1 overlaps with the focus of receiving telescope.
Fig. 2 is a light path synoptic diagram of measuring response matrix under the open loop adaptively correcting pattern.14 is λ/2 wave plates, and 15 is pointolite, is positioned over the front focus place of first lens 1.Wherein λ is the center emission wavelength of pointolite 15.
Fig. 3 is the closed-loop adaptation correction mode light path synoptic diagram of system.12 is λ/4 wave plates, and 13 is polaroid.
Embodiment
1) first lens 1, second lens 3, the 3rd lens 4, the 4th lens 7, the 5th lens 9 are two gummed achromat, and the surface is coated with anti-reflection film, and bore is 20mm, and focal length is respectively 200mm, 400mm, 300mm, 140mm, 200mm.
2) fast galvanometer 2 is the quick galvanometer of closed-loop adaptation drive-type (German PI company), and diameter is 20mm, and reflectivity is greater than 97%, and surface smoothness PV value is less than λ/20, λ=633nm wherein, maximum rotation scope 2mrad, resolution 0.1 μ rad.
3) wave front detector 11 is Shack-Hartmann's type wave front detector (Russian VisionicaLed.), and 3mm receiving aperture, microlens array are 15 * 15, and detecting band is from 350nm～1000nm, and measuring accuracy reaches peak-to-valley value 0.05 λ, root-mean-square value 0.01 λ.
4) slim catoptron 6, area 15mm * 15mm, thickness are less than 2mm, and reflectivity is greater than 98%.
5) liquid crystal corrector 5 is LCOS type liquid crystal corrector (U.S. BNS company), response time 2.6ms, number of picture elements 256 * 256, position phase depth of modulation 633nm, position phase depth of modulation is 0.95～1.1 times of incident light centre wavelength, and the scale division value of driving voltage is that gray level has 256.
6) the PBS polarization beam apparatus 8, are of a size of 25mm * 25mm * 25mm, and the extinction ratio of its S polarized light or P polarized light is 1 * 10
-3
7) imaging CCD10 is the product of the Britain DV897 of ANDOR company model, pixel count 512 * 512.
8) pointolite 15, are the light sources of λ=633nm, the wavelength coverage 618nm～648nm of fiber bundle coupling, and fibre bundle diameter 1mm, simple optical fiber diameter are 25 μ m.
9) λ/2 wave plates 14, λ/4 wave plates 12 and polaroid 13, bore is 20mm, wherein λ=633nm.
10) building of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS:
According to light path shown in Figure 1, utilize 1)～8) described element builds LCD self-adapting optic system, the position of each element and disposing way are put in strict accordance with " summary of the invention " described position and mode, and galvanometer 2, liquid crystal corrector 5, imaging CCD10 and wave front detector 11 all are connected with the computing machine that has auto-adaptive controling software fast.
11) open loop adaptively correcting pattern:
Measure the Zernike mode response matrix of 11 pairs of liquid crystal correctors 5 of wave front detector:
According to position shown in Figure 2, pointolite 15 and λ/2 wave plates 14 are inserted in the system of building, the direction of orientation of liquid crystal becomes miter angle in the crystallographic axis of λ/2 wave plates 14 and the liquid crystal corrector 5, and the command calculations machine sends preceding 36 Zernike mode signals successively and drives liquid crystal corrector 5; The e light that is subjected to 5 modulation of liquid crystal corrector enters wave front detector 11 by PBS beam splitter 8; Computing machine reads the optical response signals of wave front detector 11 automatically, and carries out digitizing and be treated as response matrix, is stored in the database.
Open loop self-adaptation wavefront correction imaging process:
Meet with a response behind the matrix, λ/2 wave plates 14 are withdrawn light path, forming with pointolite 15 is the open loop adaptively correcting modular system of imageable target; The command calculations machine is handled the system aberration that wave front detector 11 provides according to response matrix, drives liquid crystal corrector 5; The aberration that exists in the data processing method adaptively correcting system according to open loop; Observe the fibre bundle imaging on the imaging CCD10.The result shows that resolution does not go out fiber cores before the adaptively correcting, and the back fiber cores is clear to be manifested and proofread and correct, and illustrates that the aberration in the light path obtains proofreading and correct.
12) incision closed-loop adaptation correction mode:
According to position shown in Figure 3, λ/4 wave plates 12 and polaroid 13 insert in the system of building, the light transmission shaft of polaroid 13 is parallel with the liquid crystal aligning direction in the liquid crystal corrector 5, and the crystallographic axis of λ/4 wave plates 12 becomes miter angle with the liquid crystal aligning direction, and system switches to the closed-loop adaptation correction mode; Pointolite 15 is as imageable target, and the command calculations machine is handled the system aberration that wave front detector 11 provides according to response matrix, drives liquid crystal corrector 5; The aberration that exists in the data processing method adaptively correcting system according to closed loop; Observe the fibre bundle imaging on the imaging CCD10.The result shows that resolution does not go out fiber cores before the adaptively correcting, and the back fiber cores is also clear to be manifested and proofread and correct, and the effect of readability and open loop is as broad as long.Observe the wavefront residual error of proofreading and correct in the preceding detector 11 of postwave, peak valley difference PV=0.1 λ, the root-mean-square value RMS=0.03 λ of wavefront show that design of the present invention can obtain very high correction accuracy.
Claims (2)
1. LCD self-adapting optic system that has open loop and closed-loop adaptation correction mode concurrently is characterized in that: primary optical system is by first lens (1), galvanometer (2), second lens (3), the 3rd lens (4), liquid crystal corrector (5), slim catoptron (6), the 4th lens (7), PBS beam splitter (8), the 5th lens (9), imaging CCD (10), wave front detector (11) are formed fast; Galvanometer (2) is positioned between first lens (1) and second lens (3) fast, and its normal becomes 45 degree configurations with the optical axis of first lens; The 3rd lens (4) are positioned between the focus and liquid crystal corrector (5) of second lens (3), and second lens (3) are parallel with the 3rd lens (4) optical axis, at a distance of 4mm～6mm; Slim catoptron (6) is positioned between the 3rd lens (4) and the 4th lens (7), and its normal becomes 45 degree configurations respectively with the optical axis of the 3rd lens (4) and the 4th lens (7), and the three at grade; PBS beam splitter (8) is positioned between the 4th lens (7) and the wave front detector (11); The 5th lens (9) are positioned between PBS beam splitter (8) and the imaging CCD (10); Galvanometer (2), liquid crystal corrector (5), imaging CCD (10) and wave front detector (11) all are connected with the computing machine that has auto-adaptive controling software fast, form open loop adaptively correcting modular system;
The measurement light path of response matrix in the open loop adaptively correcting pattern, be that λ/2 wave plates (14) are inserted primary optical system, be positioned between the 4th lens (7) and the PBS beam splitter (8), and the crystallographic axis of λ/2 wave plates (14) becomes miter angle with the direction of orientation of the middle liquid crystal of liquid crystal corrector (5); Pointolite (15) is positioned over the front focus place of first lens (1); Response matrix is withdrawn light path with λ/2 wave plates (14) and pointolite (15) after measuring, the work of beginning open loop adaptively correcting pattern; Wherein λ is the center emission wavelength of pointolite (15);
When system's incision closed-loop adaptation correction mode: must in primary optical system, polaroid (13) be inserted between first lens (1) and the quick galvanometer (2), and the light transmission shaft of polaroid (13) is parallel with the liquid crystal aligning direction in the liquid crystal corrector (5); Again λ/4 wave plates (12) is inserted between the 4th lens (7) and the PBS beam splitter (8), and the crystallographic axis of λ/4 wave plates (12) becomes miter angle with liquid crystal aligning direction in the liquid crystal corrector (5); Pointolite (15) is positioned over the front focus place of first lens (1), and system can work under the closed-loop adaptation correction mode.
2. the LCD self-adapting optic system that has open loop and closed-loop adaptation correction mode concurrently according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described liquid crystal corrector (5) is a LCOS type liquid crystal corrector, and position phase depth of modulation is 0.95～1.1 times of incident light centre wavelength, and the scale division value of driving voltage is that gray level has 128～256;
Described PBS polarization beam apparatus (8), wherein the extinction ratio of S polarized light or P polarized light is 1 * 10
-3
Described pointolite (15) for emission wavelength at the (λ-15nm)～(in the scope of λ+15nm) that with λ is the center.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102073136A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-05-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optimized distribution method for energy of liquid crystal adaptive optical system |
| CN102540453A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Liquid-crystal adaptive optical system with compact structure and high sensitivity |
| CN103969031A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for measuring response matrix of liquid crystal corrector through least square method |
| CN107589569A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Open loop LCD self-adapting optic system proportion-plus-derivative control method |
| CN110441927A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | A kind of automatic open closed loop decision-making technique of adaptive optics system |
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| CN102073136A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-05-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optimized distribution method for energy of liquid crystal adaptive optical system |
| CN102073136B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optimized distribution method for energy of liquid crystal adaptive optical system |
| CN102540453A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Liquid-crystal adaptive optical system with compact structure and high sensitivity |
| CN102540453B (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Liquid-crystal adaptive optical system with compact structure and high sensitivity |
| CN103969031A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for measuring response matrix of liquid crystal corrector through least square method |
| CN103969031B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method of least square measures the method for liquid crystal corrector response matrix |
| CN107589569A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Open loop LCD self-adapting optic system proportion-plus-derivative control method |
| CN107589569B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-03-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Proportional differential control method for open-loop liquid crystal adaptive optical system |
| CN110441927A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | A kind of automatic open closed loop decision-making technique of adaptive optics system |
| CN110441927B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-10-13 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Automatic open/close loop decision method for adaptive optical system |
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