The preparation method of a kind of unpolished rice modified nutritious powder and nutritious drink
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of unpolished rice modified nutritious powder and nutritious drink.
Background technology
At present in people's daily life to the requirement of cereal foods more and more " in vain ", more and more " essence ", lacked absorption, so nutritionist's suggestion to the cereal foods nutriment, the amount of increase whole grain food helps the health of health.Whole grain food such as brown rice, wholemeal is the important nutritional resource of a class, wherein is rich in dietary fiber, trace element and vitamin, and other is to human body beneficial's functional component.
Rice food is China common people's basic staple food and main nutrition carrier, is a basic people's livelihood industry that is directly connected to China's 1,300,000,000 people's health.The brown rice that promptly obtains without polishing behind the paddy of rice ridge with aleurone.Therefore compare with highed milled rice, brown rice has kept plumule and the aleurone in the paddy, is rich in dietary fiber, phytic acid, VE, B family vitamin and GABA nutrients such as (GABA) and Phytochemistry element.But, because the brown rice color and luster is dark yellow, mouthfeel is poor, still is difficult to become the dining table staple food at present.
The food extrusion technique is a new technology in the food processing.Since 20 beginning of the century extruders come out, be applied to industries such as food, grain, feed gradually, especially since the eighties in 20th century, extruder is as a kind of biochemical reactor, obtained higher attention, nowadays the food extrusion technique has become part active and the most important in the foods processing technique.When mechanisms such as material is squeezed in extruder, rubs, shears, pressurizations, and after adding a series of physics, chemical action such as hyther, basic variation takes place in the quality of product, makes it obtain in the Application in Food Industry field expanding.Yet there are no report is used in this technology in the technology of processing brown rice.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of preparation method of unpolished rice modified nutritious powder, its objective is and solve the contradiction that the brown rice cortex is rich in nutrition and mouthfeel difference, make it to become the little molecule of easy absorption, digestion, improve the edible quality of brown rice and the nutritive value of raising brown rice, can also with other nutrition (as assorted beans etc.) mix and match, have additional nutrients, improve mouthfeel.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of preparation method of unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage, its purpose also is to solve the contradiction that the brown rice cortex is rich in nutrition and mouthfeel difference, make it to become the little molecule of easy absorption, digestion, improve the edible quality of brown rice and improve brown rice nutritive value can also with other nutrition (as assorted beans etc.) mix and match, have additional nutrients, improve mouthfeel.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of unpolished rice modified nutritious powder, paddy is carried out removal of impurities, the paddy of hulling again, the brown rice of acquisition comprises the steps: as processing raw material
(1) pulverizes: the coarse rice powder comminution is become powder, cross 80 mesh sieves, make coarse rice powder;
(2) expanded: that coarse rice powder is packed in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
(3) make the modification powder: expanded material is pulverized, crossed 80 mesh sieves, be the unpolished rice modified nutritious powder of this method preparation.
In described step (1), the brown rice water at room temperature can also be soaked 5h~10h after, germinate down at 25 ℃~35 ℃ and to cultivate 12h~36h, under 50 ℃~70 ℃ conditions, dry 20h~30h, pulverize again and wear into powder, cross 80 mesh sieves, make coarse rice powder.
In described step (2), can also with coarse rice powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment with after edible bean powder mixes, reinstall in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divides the four-stage extruding, and four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
Wherein, the coarse rice powder of described coarse rice powder or process germination treatment and the ratio of weight and number of edible bean powder are 1~5: 1, described edible bean powder is broad bean, mung bean, pea and red bean to be pulverized respectively wear into powder, cross 80 mesh sieves, after mixing according to 1~4 part of broad bean powder, 1~4 part of mung bean flour, 1~4 portion of peameal and 1~4 part of red bean powder then, form described edible bean powder.
In described step (3), the coarse rice powder of coarse rice powder or process germination treatment can also be pushed according to above-mentioned pressing method and obtain expanded material, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, add following auxiliary material again, mix, make unpolished rice modified nutritious powder, the ratio of weight and number that described expanded material mixes with auxiliary material is: 100 parts in expanded material, 10~14 parts of white granulated sugars, 6~9 parts in brown sugar, 0.5~1 part of salt, 1~5 part of cornstarch, 0~5 part of milk powder, 0.1~0.3 part of soybean lecithin, 0~10 part of oatmeal, 0.1~0.3 part of vanillic aldehyde.
In described step (3), coarse rice powder can also be mixed according to aforementioned proportion with edible bean powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment with after edible bean powder mixes according to aforementioned proportion, push the expanded material of acquisition according to above-mentioned pressing method, pulverize then, cross 80 mesh sieves, add following auxiliary material again, mix, make unpolished rice modified nutritious powder, the ratio of weight and number that described expanded material mixes with auxiliary material is: 100 parts in expanded material, 10~14 parts of white granulated sugars, 6~9 parts in brown sugar, 0.5~1 part of salt, 1~5 part of cornstarch, 0~5 part of milk powder, 0.1~0.3 part of soybean lecithin, 0~10 part of oatmeal, 0.1~0.3 part of vanillic aldehyde.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage, paddy is carried out removal of impurities, the paddy of hulling again, the brown rice of making is characterized in that as processing raw material, comprises the steps:
(a) pulverize: the coarse rice powder comminution is become powder, cross 80 mesh sieves, make coarse rice powder;
(b) expanded: that coarse rice powder is packed in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
(c) make unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage: expanded material is pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, under 45 ℃~55 ℃, feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5 with citric acid, the AMS that adds quality of material 1%~3%, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH value 4.2, add the carbohydrase of quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8 with food-grade NaOH, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again, enzymolysis 1h~3h is at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal, get supernatant, sterilization, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares.
In described step (a), the brown rice water at room temperature can also be soaked 5h~10h after, germinate down at 25 ℃~35 ℃ and to cultivate 12h~36h, under 50 ℃~70 ℃ conditions, dry 20h~30h, pulverize again and wear into powder, cross 80 mesh sieves, make coarse rice powder.
In described step (b), can also with coarse rice powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment with after edible bean powder mixes, reinstall in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divides the four-stage extruding, and four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
Wherein, the coarse rice powder of described coarse rice powder or process germination treatment and the ratio of weight and number of edible bean powder are 1~5: 1, described edible bean powder is broad bean, mung bean, pea and red bean to be pulverized respectively wear into powder, cross 80 mesh sieves, after mixing according to 1~4 part of broad bean powder, 1~4 part of mung bean flour, 1~4 portion of peameal and 1~4 part of red bean powder then, form described edible bean powder.
In described step (c), the coarse rice powder of coarse rice powder or process germination treatment can also be pushed according to above-mentioned pressing method and obtain expanded material, pulverize then, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, under 45 ℃~55 ℃, feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5 with citric acid, the AMS that adds quality of material 1%~3%, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h regulates pH value 4.2, the carbohydrase that adds quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again with food-grade NaOH, enzymolysis 1h~3h, at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal, get supernatant, add following auxiliary material then, mix, again sterilization, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares;
The ratio of weight and number that described supernatant mixes with auxiliary material is: 100 parts of supernatants, 0.1~0.3 part of soybean lecithin, 0.1~0.3 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.1~0.3 part of vanillic aldehyde, 10~20 parts of white granulated sugars.
In described step (c), coarse rice powder can also be mixed according to aforementioned proportion with edible bean powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment with after edible bean powder mixes according to aforementioned proportion, push the expanded material of acquisition according to above-mentioned pressing method, pulverize then, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, under 45 ℃~55 ℃, feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5, add the AMS of quality of material 1%~3% with citric acid, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH value 4.2, add the carbohydrase of quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8 with food-grade NaOH, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again, enzymolysis 1h~3h is at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal, get supernatant, add following auxiliary material then, mix, sterilization again, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares;
The ratio of weight and number that described supernatant mixes with auxiliary material is: 100 parts of supernatants, 0.1~0.3 part of soybean lecithin, 0.1~0.3 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.1~0.3 part of vanillic aldehyde, 10~20 parts of white granulated sugars.
Advantage of the present invention: China is vast in territory, and the rice variety kind is numerous, and the difference of edible quality must cause the palatability of cooking rice.The ingredient requirement of target converted products of the present invention is not high, can use more wide in range rice variety to process, and makes rice convenient purification food, especially the brown rice instant food.Product has good palatability, comprises color, form, mouthfeel of product etc.Preparation method of the present invention improves or destroys the brown rice surface structure, changes brown rice textura epidermoidea and become to assign to promote and increase brown rice water imbibition when soaking by physics such as extruding, germination, chemistry or biological method, materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin in dissolving or the degraded brown rice top layer, make it to become the little molecule of easy absorption, digestion, improve the edible quality of brown rice and the nutritive value of raising brown rice.Preparation in accordance with the present invention is used corresponding technology and is adjusted with prescription, can improve the palatability and the digestibility of brown rice fully.
After measured, use in the pure brown rice product of the present invention's preparation, GABA (GABA) content can reach 4~7mg/100g, after extrusion process, the GABA content of product can improve 6%~13%, and the α degree is 97.94%, soluble protein is 5.15mg/g, and content of reducing sugar is 0.38%; Pure sprouted unpolished rice product is 14~31mg/100g, and after the extrusion process, GABA content can improve 4%~10%.Sample α degree is 98.05%, and soluble protein is 9.08mg/g, and content of reducing sugar is 0.94%.
The specific embodiment
Adopt the specific embodiment that the present invention is described in further detail below.
The preparation method of embodiment 1 unpolished rice modified nutritious powder
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(1) pulverizes: brown rice is worn into powder with pulverizer, cross 80 mesh sieves, make coarse rice powder;
(2) expanded: that coarse rice powder is packed in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
(3) make modified nutritious powder: expanded material is pulverized, crossed 80 mesh sieves, make unpolished rice modified nutritious powder.
The preparation method of embodiment 2 unpolished rice modified nutritious powders
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(1) pulverizes: after the brown rice water is at room temperature soaked 5h~10h, cultivate 12h~36h, under 50 ℃~70 ℃ conditions, dry 20h~30h, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, make germination brown rice powder 25 ℃~35 ℃ following constant temperature and humidities germinations;
(2) expanded: will be in the coarse rice powder of germination treatment is packed twin (double) screw extruder into, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
(3) make modified nutritious powder: expanded material is pulverized, crossed 80 mesh sieves, make the sprouted unpolished rice modified nutritious powder.
The preparation method of embodiment 3 unpolished rice modified nutritious powders
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(1) pulverizes: brown rice or the sprouted unpolished rice of making according to embodiment 2 described methods, edible beans are worn into powder with pulverizer respectively, cross 80 mesh sieves, make coarse rice powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment;
(2) expanded: with coarse rice powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment with after edible bean powder mixes, reinstall in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, and 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
Wherein, the described coarse rice powder or the coarse rice powder of process germination treatment and the ratio of weight and number of edible bean powder are 5: 1, and described edible bean powder is formed after being mixed by 1~4 part of broad bean powder, 1~4 part of mung bean flour, 1~4 portion of peameal and 1~4 part of red bean powder;
(3) make modified nutritious powder: expanded material is pulverized, crossed 80 mesh sieves, make the edible beans modified nutritious powder of brown rice or sprouted unpolished rice.
The preparation method of embodiment 4 unpolished rice modified nutritious powders
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(1) pulverizes: with the step among the embodiment 3 (1);
(2) expanded: as to obtain expanded material, obtain expanded material, obtain expanded material according to embodiment 1 described method respectively according to embodiment 3 described methods according to embodiment 2 described methods;
(3) make modified nutritious powder: respectively above-mentioned various expanded material are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, add following auxiliary material separately again, mix, make various unpolished rice modified nutritious powders, the ratio of weight and number that described expanded material mixes with auxiliary material is: 100 parts in expanded material, 10~14 parts of white granulated sugars, 6~9 parts in brown sugar, 0.5~1 part of salt, 1~5 part of cornstarch, 0~5 part of milk powder, 0.1~0.3 part of soybean lecithin, 0~10 part of oatmeal, 0.1~0.3 part of vanillic aldehyde.
The preparation method of embodiment 5 unpolished rice modified nutritious beverages
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(a) pulverize: brown rice is worn into powder with pulverizer, cross 80 mesh sieves;
(b) expanded: that coarse rice powder is packed in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
(c) make unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage: expanded material is pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, with citric acid feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5 under 45 ℃~55 ℃, the AMS that adds quality of material 1%~3%, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH value 4.2, add the carbohydrase of quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8 with food-grade NaOH, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again, enzymolysis 1h~3h is at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal 15min under the 3000r/min condition, get supernatant, sterilization, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares.
The preparation method of embodiment 6 unpolished rice modified nutritious beverages
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(a) pulverize: after the brown rice water is at room temperature soaked 5h~10h,, under 50 ℃~70 ℃ conditions, dry 20h~30h, pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, make germination brown rice powder at 25 ℃~35 ℃ cultivation 12h~36h that germinate down;
(b) expanded: will be in the coarse rice powder of germination treatment is packed twin (double) screw extruder into, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
(c) make unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage: expanded material is pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, with citric acid feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5 under 45 ℃~55 ℃, the AMS that adds quality of material 1%~3%, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH value 4.2, add the carbohydrase of quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8 with food-grade NaOH, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again, enzymolysis 1h~3h is at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal 15min under the 3000r/min condition, get supernatant, sterilization, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares.
The preparation method of the edible modified nutritious beverage of beans of embodiment 7 brown rice
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(a) pulverize: brown rice or the sprouted unpolished rice of making according to embodiment 6 described methods, edible beans are worn into powder with pulverizer respectively, cross 80 mesh sieves;
(b) expanded: with coarse rice powder or through the coarse rice powder of germination treatment with after edible bean powder mixes, reinstall in the twin (double) screw extruder, water is regulated and is made material moisture to 10%~20%, divide the four-stage extruding, four sections extrusion temperatures are respectively 50 ℃~80 ℃, and 80 ℃~100 ℃, 100 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~170 ℃, screw speed 240r/min~280r/min obtain expanded material;
Wherein, the described coarse rice powder or the coarse rice powder of process germination treatment and the ratio of weight and number of edible bean powder are 1: 1, and described edible bean powder is formed after being mixed by 1~4 part of broad bean powder, 1~4 part of mung bean flour, 1~4 portion of peameal and 1~4 part of red bean powder;
(c) make the edible modified nutritious beverage of beans of brown rice or sprouted unpolished rice: expanded material is pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, with citric acid feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5 under 45 ℃~55 ℃, the AMS that adds quality of material 1%~3%, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH value 4.2, add the carbohydrase of quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8 with food-grade NaOH, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again, enzymolysis 1h~3h is at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal 15min under the 3000r/min condition, get supernatant, sterilization, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares.
The preparation method of embodiment 8 unpolished rice modified nutritious beverages
Earlier with paddy through operations such as selection by winnowing, screening carry out removal of impurities, the paddy of on hulling machine, hulling, the brown rice of making prepares according to following step then as processing raw material:
(a) pulverize: with the step among the embodiment 7 (1);
(b) expanded: as to obtain expanded material, obtain expanded material, obtain expanded material according to embodiment 5 described methods respectively according to embodiment 7 described methods according to embodiment 6 described methods;
(c) make unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage: respectively above-mentioned various expanded material are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, the water colloid mill defibrination of the 3 times of quality that add materials again separately, after the ratio moisturizing in 4 times of quality of material, with citric acid feed liquid is regulated pH value 5.5~6.5 under 45 ℃~55 ℃, the AMS that adds quality of material 1%~3%, enzymolysis 0.5h~1h regulates pH value 4.2, the carbohydrase that adds quality of material 1%~3%, behind enzymolysis 0.5h~1h, regulate pH7.5~8, add the alkali protease of quality of material 1%~3% and 1%~3% flavor protease again with food-grade NaOH, enzymolysis 1h~3h, at 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal 15min gets supernatant under the 3000r/min condition, add following auxiliary material then, mix, again sterilization, packing is the unpolished rice modified nutritious beverage that this method prepares;
The weight ratio that described supernatant mixes with auxiliary material is: 100 parts of supernatants, 0.1~0.3 part of soybean lecithin, 0.1~0.3 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.1~0.3 part of vanillic aldehyde, 10~20 parts of white granulated sugars.