CN101704578A - Plant combination mode for raft-type ecological floating bed - Google Patents
Plant combination mode for raft-type ecological floating bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101704578A CN101704578A CN200910176250A CN200910176250A CN101704578A CN 101704578 A CN101704578 A CN 101704578A CN 200910176250 A CN200910176250 A CN 200910176250A CN 200910176250 A CN200910176250 A CN 200910176250A CN 101704578 A CN101704578 A CN 101704578A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment project and can be applied to an ecological restoration project of heavily-polluted water bodies such as lakes, rivers and the like. The plant combination mode consists of three parts: a raft-type floating bed member, an underwater fixing device and combination of substrate inside a floating bed frame and plants, wherein the raft-type floating bed member has four layers from bottom to top: namely, a raft layer arranged by moso bamboos, a permeable geotextile layer, a growing substrate layer with a frame formed by moso bamboos and filled with plants, and a nylon mesh layer. The upper layer and the lower layer are fixed by a number eight iron wire to form an integrated structure. The plant combination mode has the advantages of stable structure, good anti-storm effect, cheap materials and non-secondary pollution, and can achieve dual functions of purifying water quality and beautifying scene.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the ecotope field of engineering technology, be specifically related to novel bamboo raft type ecological floating bed making, fixing means and vegetation restorative procedure.
Two, background technology
River and lake are the important component parts of TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, yet human secular industrial or agricultural activity greatly affects river, lake ecosystem.China waters eutrophication presents the trend of quickening deterioration in recent years, and river, lake ecosystem serious degradation have caused a series of environmental problem.The improvement of water surrounding has at present become the emphasis and the difficult point of China's environmental improvement.The technology of biological floating bed improvement water surrounding is by absorbing plant such as N, P essential element in the water body in the growing process, and root system of plant and floating bed matrix etc. remove water pollutant, purify water the adsorption of suspended substance in the water body, and this theory has obtained using widely at present.
Through patent retrieval, existing both at home and abroad similar patent, stereo ecological floatation bed as designs such as Li Xianning, this floating bed utilizes species diversity to purify water, but complex process is not easy to operate; And for example Li Qiang waits a kind of waterplant chinampa group construction carrier bed of design, realized the quick formation of waterplant chinampa group in the water body, but stability is not enough, only is applicable to that landlocked stormy waves is medium and does not have the waters of stormy waves; Literature search shows that also existing allied equipment is applied both at home and abroad in scientific experiment, as the old hover that is applied to Dian Chi Cao Hai restoration of the ecosystem engineering that waits quietly designing, the used plant substrates of this device is to be formed by the plant materials stack retting, may cause secondary pollution to water body; Though and the colored flying saucer ecoscape chinampa of the Huang Shiming in Taiwan invention constitutes flexibly, installs simply, it costs an arm and a leg, and is not suitable for large-area applications.Therefore, also there is defective in known designs at present, haves much room for improvement.These defectives comprise: the material of (1) existing floating bed agent structure mainly is plastic foamboard, junked tire and PVC plastics tubing etc.Use plastic foamboard as material as a kind of ecological floating island of appointing the Red Star design; Going out cloud, to instruct a kind of hover of bright (Japan) design be to be that raw material is made with aerated rubber loop or junked tire cover tire; A kind of overall plastic built-up type plant floating cultivation floating bed of designs such as Li Zhaohua is that material is made with the PVC plastics tubing.The defective of this class design mainly is the floating bed poor stability of porous plastics plate structure, the impact that can't resist stormy waves, and landscape effect is poor, and causes secondary pollution easily; The floating bed of junked tire structure is restricted to the floristics of plantation, does not also have landscape effect; The cost height of pvc pipe structure floating bed, a little less than the capacity of anti-storm, and aging easily, be difficult for long term maintenance.(2) existing with the mao bamboon be the floating bed of material usually need be on mao bamboon in making processes repeatedly punching fix structure, cause under the floating bed behind the water because the mao bamboon water inlet, buoyancy is not enough and sink.As designs such as Hu Chunhua be used to disappear the wave and purify water biologic float bed.(3) existing bamboo raft floating bed does not have the matrix that the emergent root system can set, and the plant of plantation mostly is floatingleaved plant greatly, the landscape effect dullness.A kind of bamboo raft fire hose device as designs such as the yellow people's livelihood.Therefore, design a kind of novel bamboo raft type ecological floating bed necessaryly, and need to solve following problem: the floating bed material is natural pollution-free, and low price is easy to get, and is durable, and landscape effect is good; The floating bed Stability Analysis of Structures can keep enough buoyancy, can resist unfavorable factors such as stormy waves; Can plant emergent on the floating bed, beautify view better.
Three, summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention need solve is:
Invent and a kind ofly can be applied to biological floating bed and preparation and the using method that river course, lake ecological recover engineering. this biological floating bed can either large-area applications to purify water, also can intersperse the effect that in water, beautifies view, and resist the effective of stormy waves, can be applicable to that the ecology synthesis of the open waters that stormy waves is bigger is administered.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The present invention is biological floating bed by bamboo raft type floating bed member, matrix and combinations of plant three parts are formed in stationary installation and the floating bed frame under water.
(1) bamboo raft type floating bed member: totally four layers from the bottom to top of members.It is material that the lowest layer is selected non-secondary pollution, low price and durable mao bamboon, arrange by 40 long mao bamboons to form for 5.0m, diameter 0.1m, and the wide 4.0m of bamboo raft, long 5.0m ties up fixing in a row with the nylon rope of diameter 10mm, tie up one every 0.5m.In order to keep the bamboo raft Stability Analysis of Structures better, the two ends of bamboo raft, apart from top 0.25m place, with 2.5m place, intermediate distance top, wear the reinforcing bar of diameter 8mm, a long 5m respectively, reinforcing bar is that the hex-nut of 8mm is fixed by the place of passing, bamboo raft both sides with internal diameter, and the vacant length of 0.5m is reserved at the two ends of reinforcing bar.So She Ji benefit is can robust structure, has only three joint bamboos to intake again, and bamboo raft still can keep enough buoyancy; Leaving a blank in both sides is more easily each layer to be connected and fixed for operating process.See Fig. 1.The second layer is permeable geotechnological layer of cloth, wide 4.0m, and long 4.1m is positioned over directly over the bottom bamboo raft, and 0.45m is respectively vacated at the bamboo raft two ends, is fixed in the vacant reinforcing bar of bottom with No. 8 iron wires.See Fig. 2.The 3rd layer is the bamboo mount structure that two kinds of different mao bamboons of length constitute; The mao bamboon of 11 long 5m, diameter 0.1m is arranged in parallel, interval 0.3m between the every mao bamboon, and the mao bamboon of three long 0.6m, diameter 0.1m is respectively arranged at the two ends in each space; Nylon rope with diameter 10mm between the mao bamboon bundlees, and be aided with the steel reinforcing of diameter 8mm, the reinforcing bar fixed form at two ends is identical with bottom, and the intermediary reinforcing bar all uses the hex-nut of internal diameter 8mm to fix in perforation place of every mao bamboon, and the vacant length of 0.5m is all stayed at all reinforcing bar two ends.This bamboo mount structure is superimposed on the lower two layers structure, the mao bamboon orientation of this layer is vertical with the direction of bottom bamboo raft, therefore synergetic effect is that 0.45m is respectively vacated at bottom bamboo raft two ends, 0.5m is respectively vacated at the two ends of bamboo mount structure, and this design that is left a blank in two ends is fixing more convenient more firm between each layer.With No. 8 iron wires bamboo mount structure and bottom bamboo raft are fixed, constituted complete floating bed structure like this.See Fig. 3.The 4th layer is one deck nylon mesh sheet that is covered on the three-decker, wide 4.0m, and long 4.1m, mesh size are 40mm * 40mm, with No. 8 iron wires its each limit are fixed on the vacant reinforcing bar and mao bamboon of beneath structure.See Fig. 4.The combination of above four-layer structure is exactly complete bamboo raft type ecological floating bed body.See Fig. 5.
(2) stationary installation under water: adopt gravity type boat davit umbrella shape stationary installation, good stability; Realize by concrete blocks and five nylon ropes.In the centre on each limit of floating bed is respectively a nylon rope, diameter is 20mm, length is 3.5m, the other end of these four nylon ropes links together, and connect the 5th nylon rope, its length equals the amplitude that the par position depth of water adds border change of level last year, the assurance floating bed can be floated with change of level, four nylon rope tops of one end of this rope and other link to each other, and the other end is fixed on the reinforced steel bar ring on concrete blocks surface, and concrete blocks is of a size of long 0.5m, wide 0.5m, high 0.4m, the diameter of reinforced steel bar ring are 0.1m, and the used bar diameter of reinforced steel bar ring is 20mm.See Fig. 5.Concrete blocks sinks under water, and just can play the fixedly effect of floating bed, and floating bed can also keep floatability, high sea attack or the situation of change of level under floating bed be unlikely to be overturned, sink maybe fixedly that the nylon rope of usefulness fractures.
(3) matrix and combinations of plant in the floating bed frame: with the shredded coconut meat fiber as plant growth medium, the shredded coconut meat fiber is a pure natural plant fiber, non-secondary pollution. this matrix is filled in the bamboo mount structure of floating bed, filling thickness is 0.1m, can satisfy the needs of root system of plant set. see Fig. 6. the surface of matrix promptly is the net lamella of floating bed member, and the net lamella plays the fixedly base portion of matrix and plant; It below this matrix permeable geotextile, can guarantee that the shredded coconut meat fiber can not spill by the space of bamboo raft, the permeability that also can keep moisture, keep the water content of shredded coconut meat fiber, meet the needs of plant-growth. through screening, selected four kinds of emergents collocation plantation: Chinese celery, swamp cabbage, yellow flag and Spiked Loosestrife. above four kind of plant all are perennial herbs, be easy to plantation, have soil removability, growing way is attractive in appearance, and afforestation effect is good; The growth season of four kind of plant also staggers to some extent, can guarantee that floating bed all has the green plants growth throughout the year. see Fig. 7. and wherein, yellow flag and Spiked Loosestrife pattern are bright-coloured, have sight, plant in the floating bed middle part; Plant Chinese celery and swamp cabbage around the floating bed, width is 0.6m; For reaching different landscape effects, also can singly plant and 2-3 kind miscegenation.
Effect of the present invention is:
Obtained a kind of novel bamboo raft type ecological floating bed.The material of main part of this invention is selected not only pollution-free but also cheaply durable, structure and stationary installation design aspect are more stable than forefathers' design, the selection and the fixed form of plant growth medium are more reasonable, plant is selected also to have taken all factors into consideration as soil removability, afforestation effect factor, can not only satisfy biological floating bedly purifying water and beautify view two big basic demands, and stability and persistence are good.Therefore this invention can provide new selection for lake or river channel ecology recovery project, can promote the biological floating bed development that is applied to the technology of water body reparation.
Four, description of drawings
The bamboo raft type ecological floating bed component diagram of Fig. 1, the first layer
The A:5m mao bamboon; B: nylon rope; C: reinforcing bar; D: nut.Unit: centimetre
The bamboo raft type ecological floating bed component diagram of Fig. 2, the second layer
E: permeable geotextile.Unit: centimetre
The bamboo raft type ecological floating bed component diagram of Fig. 3, the 3rd layer
The A:5m mao bamboon; B: nylon rope; C: reinforcing bar; D: nut; The F:0.6m mao bamboon.Unit: centimetre
The bamboo raft type ecological floating bed component diagram of Fig. 4, the 4th layer
G: nylon mesh sheet.Unit: centimetre
Member that Fig. 5 is bamboo raft type ecological floating bed and stationary installation stereographic map
H: bamboo raft; I: bamboo frame; J: nylon wire; K: fixing nylon rope; L: concrete blocks; M: reinforced steel bar ring.Unit: centimetre
The bamboo raft type ecological floating bed matrix of Fig. 6 is placed figure
The A:5m mao bamboon; B: nylon rope; C: reinforcing bar; D: nut; The F:0.6m mao bamboon; N: shredded coconut meat fiber.Unit: centimetre
The plants configuration figure that Fig. 7 is bamboo raft type ecological floating bed
The A:5m mao bamboon; B: nylon rope; C: reinforcing bar; D: nut; The F:0.6m mao bamboon; O: Chinese celery/swamp cabbage; P: yellow flag/Spiked Loosestrife.Unit: centimetre
Five, embodiment
Above-mentioned bamboo raft type ecological floating bed making, installation, use and maintaining method.
The making of biological floating bed member progressively completes according to technical scheme layering noted earlier: the first step is made the bottom bamboo raft, with the nylon rope of diameter 10mm 40 long tying up for the mao bamboon of 5.0m, diameter 0.1m is fixed in a row, ties up together every 0.5m; The two ends of bamboo raft, apart from top 0.25m place, with 2.5m place, intermediate distance top, wear a diameter 8mm respectively, the reinforcing bar of long 5m, reinforcing bar is that the hex-nut of 8mm is fixed by the place of passing, bamboo raft both sides with internal diameter, and the vacant length of 0.5m is reserved at the two ends of reinforcing bar. second step was fixed permeable geotextile on bamboo raft, with wide 4.0m, the permeable geotextile of long 4.1m is positioned over directly over the bottom bamboo raft, 0.45m is respectively vacated at the bamboo raft two ends, be fixed in the vacant reinforcing bar of bottom with No. 8 iron wires. the 3rd step was installed the bamboo mount structure, 11 long 5m, the mao bamboon of diameter 0.1m is arranged in parallel, interval 0.3m between the every mao bamboon, three long 0.6m are respectively arranged at the two ends in each space, the mao bamboon of diameter 0.1m; Nylon rope with diameter 10mm between the mao bamboon bundlees, and be aided with the steel reinforcing of diameter 8mm, the reinforcing bar fixed form at two ends is identical with bottom, and the intermediary reinforcing bar all uses the hex-nut of internal diameter 8mm to fix in perforation place of every mao bamboon, and the vacant length of 0.5m is all stayed at all reinforcing bar two ends; This bamboo mount structure is superimposed on the lower two layers structure, the mao bamboon orientation of this layer is vertical with the direction of bottom bamboo raft, synergetic effect is that 0.45m is respectively vacated at bottom bamboo raft two ends, 0.5m is respectively vacated at the two ends of bamboo mount structure, with No. 8 iron wires bamboo mount structure and bottom bamboo raft are fixed. the placement of the 4th step floating bed matrix, with the shredded coconut meat fiber filled in the bamboo mount structure of floating bed, filling thickness is the installation of 0.1m. the 5th step net lamella, with wide 4.0m, long 4.1m, mesh size is that the nylon mesh sheet of 40mm * 40mm is covered on bamboo mount structure and the matrix, with No. 8 iron wires its each limit is fixed on the vacant reinforcing bar and mao bamboon of beneath structure. the 6th step plant cultivating, yellow flag and Spiked Loosestrife are planted in the floating bed middle part; Plant Chinese celery and swamp cabbage around the floating bed, width is 0.6m; For reaching different landscape effects, also can singly plant or 2-3 kind miscegenation. the 7th the step when plant behind normal growth on the floating bed, floating bed is placed in the waters that will recover. install foregoing stationary installation under water before placing, put procedure sinks to concrete blocks corresponding waters exactly, make floating bed float on the water surface. the density of placement and array mode can decide according to concrete needs, can big area place better to purify water, also can be arranged in the view pattern, can also intersperse in open water.
This invention need finish a part of ground biomass of back harvesting plant-growth season, with prevent next growth during season plant density too big.
Example: biological floating bed application in bright river bend, Taihu Lake, the Wuxi lakeside band restoration of the ecosystem engineering
In Taihu Lake, Wuxi in 2008 lakeside, the bright river bend band restoration of the ecosystem engineering, the present invention has brought into play it and has interspersed the effect of view in the ecological recovery of mud matter lakeside band and landscape construction.Intersperse in lake surface with 30 apparatus of the present invention in this project, irregular alignment forms superaqual landscape around view plank road and lookout pavilion, can appreciate for the visitor, purifies water simultaneously.Because sound construction of the present invention, it is stable that the lake surface that this stormy waves is bigger in Taihu Lake still can keep, and it is heavy to be difficult for being overturned or beating, and therefore can bring into play long-acting.
Claims (1)
1. a bamboo raft type ecological floating bed combinations of plant mode is characterized in that yellow flag and Spiked Loosestrife are planted in the floating bed middle part; Plant Chinese celery and swamp cabbage around the floating bed, width is 0.6m; For reaching different landscape effects, can singly plant or 2-3 kind miscegenation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910176250A CN101704578A (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-05-19 | Plant combination mode for raft-type ecological floating bed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910176250A CN101704578A (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-05-19 | Plant combination mode for raft-type ecological floating bed |
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| CN2008100248726A Division CN101274802B (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-05-19 | Manufacture method of bamboo raft type ecological floating bed |
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| CN101704578A true CN101704578A (en) | 2010-05-12 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828538A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Box-type biological floating bed and use method thereof |
| CN102910741A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-02-06 | 绍兴文理学院 | Frame type wet ecological floating bed |
| CN113287486A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-24 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Self-floating crop blanket and preparation method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-05-19 CN CN200910176250A patent/CN101704578A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828538A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Box-type biological floating bed and use method thereof |
| CN102910741A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-02-06 | 绍兴文理学院 | Frame type wet ecological floating bed |
| CN113287486A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-24 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Self-floating crop blanket and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20100512 |