CN101701158A - Process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with heated gas carrier - Google Patents

Process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with heated gas carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101701158A
CN101701158A CN200910212348A CN200910212348A CN101701158A CN 101701158 A CN101701158 A CN 101701158A CN 200910212348 A CN200910212348 A CN 200910212348A CN 200910212348 A CN200910212348 A CN 200910212348A CN 101701158 A CN101701158 A CN 101701158A
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coal
low
gas
raw coal
reactor
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CN200910212348A
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CN101701158B (en
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郭彩应
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Hunan Huayin Energy Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Datang Xianyi Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2009102123486A priority Critical patent/CN101701158B/en
Publication of CN101701158A publication Critical patent/CN101701158A/en
Priority to AU2010314605A priority patent/AU2010314605B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2010/078421 priority patent/WO2011054304A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10Drying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/18Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles
    • F26B11/20Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles with stirring devices which are held stationary

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with the heated gas carrier, comprising the following steps: (1) the crushed and screened raw coal is added to a rotating furnace grate arranged at the bottom of a reactor through a raw coal feeding elephant trunk; (2) hypoxic heated gas enters the reactor from a heating gas inlet arranged below the reactor to directly contact the raw coal sample and transfer heat to the raw coal sample through a hole chiseled on the rotating furnace grate, and the hypoxic heated gas and the raw coal sample are dried and subjected to the pyrolysis reaction; and (3) after a certain time of reaction, with the rotation of the rotating furnace grate, the processed raw coal sample is fixed on a plow-type mechanical stirrer which is arranged above the rotating furnace grate and is pushed to a discharge opening, and the tail gases of the heated gas are discharged out of a gas exhausting opening. The invention uses the hypoxic cyclic flue gas as the heat source to distill the low-rank coal and ensures that the hypoxic cyclic flue gas directly exchanges heat with the solid low-rank coal, thereby having high thermal efficiency and low energy consumption ratio. In addition, the invention has low requirement for the size of the granules of the processed low-rank coal and wide application range and can effectively reduce the content of the dust in the tail gases to be good for the transportation of the final product.

Description

A kind of gas carrier internal heat type low-rank coal process for upgrading
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of utilizing weary oxygen hot gas carrier to carry out the low-rank coal upgrading of internal heat type.
Background technology
Exploitation of the coal resources of China at present and utilization are still based on hard coal and bituminous coal, along with the continuous increase of China to energy demand, and the resource anxiety that causes of hard coal and bituminous coal resource overexploitation, and transform replacement high-order coal by low-rank coal being carried out upgrading, alleviate energy demand pressure and seem more and more important.
Low-rank coal comprises sub-bituminous coals such as mud coal, brown coal and long-flame coal, bottle coal, weakly caking coal, accounts for 50% of world's coal resources reserves, and same low-rank coal is also extremely abundant at China's reserves, accounts for more than 60% of coal in China reserves greatly.Mainly be distributed in provinces such as Yunnan, the Inner Mongol, northeast, Sichuan.Be characterized in the water content height, generally account for (as received basis) more than 20%; The fugitive constituent height is about 30~50% (dry ash-free basises); Calorific value is low, at 2500~4500 kilocalories/kilogram.
At low-rank coal reactive behavior height, easily spontaneous combustion, be difficult for long-distance transport, water content is big, calorific value is low etc. shortcoming, the exploitation of low-rank coal process for upgrading mainly be two kinds: two kinds of drying and upgrading and low-temperature pyrolysis (pyrolysis) process for upgrading.Wherein drying and upgrading technology can only to a certain degree remove moisture in coal on the one hand, can not reach purpose complete or that the overwhelming majority removes, very easily the revert to take drugs phenomenon of water and spontaneous combustion of dried on the other hand coal is so the process for upgrading developing direction of low-rank coal mainly is the low-temperature pyrolysis upgrading.
The research of low-rank coal being carried out upgrading by low-temperature pyrolysis (pyrolysis) just began to carry out at the beginning of last century, before and after the eighties in last century, peak, many technologies of distinguishing feature separately that have have been developed both at home and abroad, for example: the external representative immobilized body hypothermia distillation process of L-R (Lu Qi-Rule) that Germany is arranged, the Toscoal technology of Oil Shale Corporation of America, the Garrett of U.S. Occidental Research Co. (US) 10889 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, California 90024, technology, U.S. COED technology; The domestic existing representative SJ that Shaanxi San Jiang group is arranged, the immobilized body technology of the DG of Dalian University of Technology, the rotary kiln technology of the total institute of coal science, and the circular fluid bed coupling technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Owing to can't solve the moisture high problem of real brown coal, the technology of mature industryization that is used for brown coal destructive distillation upgrading is less, concentrates on the distillation process of high volatilization, weak bonding sub-bituminous coal mostly.
Chinese patent CN201053004Y has introduced a kind of Technology of using rotary kiln to carry out sub-bituminous coal and bituminous coal destructive distillation upgrading processing; though it is big that this technology is handled the coal amount; can accomplish scale production; but it is not high to handle the low-rank coal ability; energy consumption is big; and factory construction is required high, take up an area of bigger, the coordinative composition of equipments system complex.
The Technology that a kind of internal thermal upright stove that uses gas carrier carries out weak caking coal destructive distillation upgrading is disclosed among the Chinese patent CN1966612A, this technology can only be used for the upgrading processing of the lower bituminous coal of water content, coal requires high, is difficult to realize handling the variation of coal; And this technology is handled coal amount and little in order to guarantee heat transfer efficiency and gas internal circulating load, is difficult to realize plant-scale extension production.
Chinese patent CN1847364A discloses a kind of circulating fluidized bed and rotary kiln of utilizing and has carried out thermoset carrier pyrolytic Technology, this technology is by using semicoke heat solid thermal barrier in circulating fluidized bed, be recycled to then in the rotary kiln low-rank coal is carried out pyrogenation and carbonization, though technology is simple, the thermo-efficiency height, and the high heating value gas and the coal tar of the big yield of acquisition, but the restriction of the powder separation efficiency of being bullied in the production process, gas and tar products dust-laden height, the line clogging problem does not thoroughly solve, therefore industrialization degree is not high, and production process is big to environmental influence.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of gas carrier internal heat type low-rank coal process for upgrading, not only technological process simple, be easy to control, and thermo-efficiency height, can loss-rate low can be used for the multiple low-rank coal coal of upgrading.
In order to address the above problem, a kind of gas carrier internal heat type low-rank coal process for upgrading provided by the invention, this technology comprises the steps:
1) join in the rotation grate of reactor bottom through raw coal charging elephant trunk through the feed coal of pulverizing and screening is handled, the drop point of charging elephant trunk and the distance between the grate are for handling thickness of coal seam;
2) weary oxygen heated air enters from the hot gas import that is arranged on the reactor below, and directly contacts with coal sample by punchinging on the grate and to conduct heat generation drying or pyrolytic reaction;
3) through after certain reaction times, with the rotation of rotation grate, the plough formula mechanical stirrer that the coal sample after the processing is fixedly installed on rotation grate top is pushed into discharge opening, and hot gas tail gas is discharged through exhaust outlet.
Preferably, the raw coal particle size distribution that enters described reactor is at 6~50mm, and the oxygen level of the weary oxygen heated air of import is less than 1%.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention uses weary oxygen cycle flue gas as the pyrogenous thermal source of low-rank coal, and flue gas directly carries out heat exchange with the solid coal, and thermo-efficiency height, energy loss-rate are low;
2, Technology adaptability is good, can be used for the multiple low-rank coal coal of upgrading;
3, raw coal size requires lowly, smoke content is low in the process gas, and the protection environment has also been alleviated the problem that dust and tar mix easy blocking pipe in the long-time running;
4, technological process simple, be easy to control, rich choice of products, market readjustment height are easy to industrial scale.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is gas carrier internal heat type low-rank coal device for improving quality structure of the present invention and process schematic representation.
1-raw coal charging elephant trunk
The 2-reactor
3-raw coal coal sample
The import of 4-hot gas
5-rotates grate
6-plough formula mechanical stirrer
The 7-exhaust outlet
The 8-discharge opening
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, join in the rotation grate 5 of reactor 2 through raw coal charging elephant trunk 1 at the feed coal of 6~50mm through the particle size distribution of pulverizing and screening is handled, the drop point of charging elephant trunk and the distance between the grate are for handling thickness of coal seam, oxygen level enters from the hot gas import 4 that is arranged on below the reactor 2 in the weary oxygen heated air below 1%, directly contact with coal sample 3 by punchinging on the grate and to conduct heat, drying or pyrolytic reaction take place, after certain reaction times, rotation with rotation grate 5, coal sample after the processing is fixedly installed on the plough formula mechanical stirrer 6 of rotation grate 5 tops and scrapes to discharge opening 8, enter into next process, hot gas tail gas is discharged through exhaust outlet 7.
Describe below by concrete demonstration example.
Demonstration example 1, will through crush and screen handle to 15-50mm about 25 tons moisture 14.25%, fugitive constituent is 25.43%, thermal value is that the weak cohesiveness sub-bituminous coal of 5500 kilocalorie/kilograms is at first sent in the gas carrier internal heat type dry reactor 2, dry gas is an oxygen level 0.8%, the weary oxygen hot gas that temperature is 320 ℃, moisture 3% coal sample enters in the gas carrier internal heat type pyrolysis reactor 2 and carries out low-temperature pyrolysis behind the 25min, destructive distillation gas is 600 ℃ of weary oxygen hot gass, obtaining productive rate after the 20min destructive distillation is handled is 69.9%, thermal value is the product coal of 6990 kilocalorie/kilograms, and reclaim 6.4% coal tar, dust-laden 190mg/Nm in the gas from dry distillation tail 3(after crossing cyclone).
Demonstration example 2, will through crush and screen handle to 15-50mm about 22 tons moisture 38.5%, fugitive constituent is 23.38%, thermal value is that 3400 kilocalories/kilogram brown coal are at first sent in the gas carrier internal heat type dry reactor 2, dry gas is an oxygen level 0.6%, the weary oxygen hot gas that temperature is 327 ℃, moisture 2% coal sample enters in the gas carrier internal heat type pyrolysis reactor 2 and carries out low-temperature pyrolysis behind the 20min, destructive distillation gas is 530 ℃ of weary oxygen hot gass, obtaining productive rate after the 20min destructive distillation is handled is 44.5%, thermal value is the product coal of 6100 kilocalorie/kilograms, and reclaim 4% coal tar, dust-laden 300g/Nm in the gas from dry distillation tail 3(after crossing cyclone).
Demonstration example 3, will through crush and screen handle to 6-50mm about 28 tons moisture 8.31%, fugitive constituent is 30.56%, thermal value is that the weak cohesiveness sub-bituminous coal of 6100 kilocalorie/kilograms is sent in the gas carrier internal heat type pyrolysis reactor and carried out low-temperature pyrolysis, destructive distillation gas is 660 ℃ of weary oxygen hot gass, and obtaining productive rate after the 25min destructive distillation is handled is 66.9%, and thermal value is the product coal of 7100 kilocalorie/kilograms, and reclaim 8.2% coal tar, dust-laden 140mg/Nm in the gas from dry distillation tail 3(after crossing cyclone).
In sum; being preferred embodiment of the present invention only below, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention, therefore; all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. gas carrier internal heat type low-rank coal process for upgrading, this technology comprises the steps:
1) joins in the rotation grate of reactor bottom through raw coal charging elephant trunk through the feed coal of pulverizing and screening is handled;
2) weary oxygen heated air enters from the hot gas import that is arranged on the reactor below, and directly contacts with coal sample by punchinging on the grate and to conduct heat generation drying or pyrolytic reaction;
3) through after certain reaction times, with the rotation of rotation grate, the coal sample after the processing is set at the plough formula mechanical stirrer of rotation grate top and scrapes to discharge opening, and hot gas tail gas is discharged through exhaust outlet.
2. technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the raw coal particle size distribution that enters described reactor is at 6~50mm, and the oxygen level of the weary oxygen heated air of import is less than 1%.
CN2009102123486A 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with heated gas carrier Expired - Fee Related CN101701158B (en)

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AU2010314605A AU2010314605B2 (en) 2009-11-06 2010-11-04 Low-rank coal upgrading method of gaseous carrier and internal heating type
PCT/CN2010/078421 WO2011054304A1 (en) 2009-11-06 2010-11-04 Low-rank coal upgrading method of gaseous carrier and internal heating type

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CN102002378A (en) * 2010-11-25 2011-04-06 邵素英 Coal low-temperature dry distillation production method
WO2011054304A1 (en) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Low-rank coal upgrading method of gaseous carrier and internal heating type
CN102382664A (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-03-21 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Step purification quality-improving machining equipment of low rank coal
CN102585857A (en) * 2012-03-16 2012-07-18 山东科技大学 Lignite drying and pyrolyzing device
CN103160291A (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-19 新疆美特镁业有限公司 Powdered coal coking device and powdered coal coking method
CN103773400A (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-05-07 神华集团有限责任公司 Rotary heating device
WO2014110886A1 (en) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-24 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Rotary heating apparatus

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CN106833700B (en) * 2017-02-24 2022-03-22 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 Carbonization chamber furnace top coal charging box of external heating type low-order pulverized coal continuous dry distillation furnace

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CN101701158B (en) * 2009-11-06 2012-11-28 内蒙古大唐华银锡东能源开发有限公司 Process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with heated gas carrier

Cited By (11)

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WO2011054304A1 (en) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Low-rank coal upgrading method of gaseous carrier and internal heating type
CN102382664A (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-03-21 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Step purification quality-improving machining equipment of low rank coal
CN102382664B (en) * 2010-08-30 2014-05-28 湖南华银能源技术有限公司 Step purification quality-improving machining equipment of low rank coal
CN102002378A (en) * 2010-11-25 2011-04-06 邵素英 Coal low-temperature dry distillation production method
CN103160291A (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-19 新疆美特镁业有限公司 Powdered coal coking device and powdered coal coking method
CN103160291B (en) * 2011-12-09 2016-06-08 新疆美特镁业有限公司 Fine coal coke making apparatus and make burnt method
CN102585857A (en) * 2012-03-16 2012-07-18 山东科技大学 Lignite drying and pyrolyzing device
CN102585857B (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-11-20 山东科技大学 Lignite drying and pyrolyzing device
CN103773400A (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-05-07 神华集团有限责任公司 Rotary heating device
CN103773400B (en) * 2012-10-19 2016-01-13 神华集团有限责任公司 Rotatable heater
WO2014110886A1 (en) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-24 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Rotary heating apparatus

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AU2010314605B2 (en) 2014-03-20
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WO2011054304A1 (en) 2011-05-12

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