CN102585857A - Lignite drying and pyrolyzing device - Google Patents

Lignite drying and pyrolyzing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102585857A
CN102585857A CN2012100695181A CN201210069518A CN102585857A CN 102585857 A CN102585857 A CN 102585857A CN 2012100695181 A CN2012100695181 A CN 2012100695181A CN 201210069518 A CN201210069518 A CN 201210069518A CN 102585857 A CN102585857 A CN 102585857A
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China
Prior art keywords
cylindrical shell
fluidized
pyrolysis
bed cylindrical
bed
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CN2012100695181A
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CN102585857B (en
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梁鹏
张华伟
武加峰
赵辉
王力
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a lignite drying and pyrolyzing device. The device comprises a drying fluidized bed barrel and a pyrolyzing fluidized bed barrel, wherein a coal falling pipe is arranged at the bottom of the drying fluidized bed barrel and communicated with a material returning mechanism; the material returning mechanism is communicated with the pyrolyzing fluidized bed barrel through a transmission pipe; at least one stage of cyclone separator is arranged in the pyrolyzing fluidized bed barrel; the outlet of the last stage of cyclone separator is communicated with a coal gas outlet pipe of the pyrolyzing fluidized bed barrel; the coal gas outlet pipe is communicated with a first electrical tar precipitator; the first electrical tar precipitator is communicated with a primary condenser; and the primary condenser is communicated with the bottom of the drying fluidized bed barrel through a first fan. By the device, the phenomenon that a pipe is blocked in the process of discharging tar is avoided, a heat source can be recycled, the utilization efficiency of heat energy is improved, energy consumption in the process of pyrolyzing coal is reduced, and the production cost of pyrolyzing the coal is reduced.

Description

A kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coal cracking field, relate in particular to a kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation.
Background technology
Coal is as a kind of important energy source; Generally need carry out corresponding conversion to coal in the prior art improved its utilising efficiency afterwards; Wherein coal cracking technology is the important process of coal conversion; Under relative temperature and condition with coal in hydrogen-rich component extract with liquids and gases, can also obtain benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene and multiple condensed ring compound fragrant hydrocarbon and heterogeneous ring compound that at present still can't synthetic simultaneously, improved the utilization ratio of coal.In the coal cracking process, can produce a large amount of tar; In the process that tar is derived, along with temperature reduces progressively condensation of tar gradually, even be set on the delivery line, accumulation can cause delivery line to stop up gradually; Cause potential safety hazard, reduce the stability of coal cracking process.After the high-temperature gas passes absorption that coal cracking produces later in the prior art, directly be discharged in the external world waste great amount of heat energy, the utilising efficiency of reduction heat energy.And in actual production process, need need increase production cost to this separator extra-heated to avoid the condensation of heavy tar at reactor drum outer setting High Temperature Gas solid separator, it is bigger to take up room.
This shows that prior art awaits following improvement and development further.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation for solving above-mentioned defective of the prior art, to improve utilization efficiency of heat energy, avoids the plugging phenomenon occurring in derivation tar process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention program comprises:
A kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation; It comprises dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell and pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, and wherein, the bottom of dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell is provided with fuel dropping pipe; This fuel dropping pipe is connected with a returning charge mechanism, and this returning charge mechanism is connected with pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell through a transfer tube; Be provided with primary cyclone at least in this pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; The outlet of last step cyclonic separator is connected with the gas outlet tube of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; This gas outlet tube is connected with first electrical tar precipitator; This first electric fishing is caught the tar device and is connected with a primary condenser, and this primary condenser is connected with dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom through first blower fan; Brown coal get in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell through fuel dropping pipe, returning charge mechanism after dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell drying successively; In pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, carry out pyrolysis; The gas of its generation gets into primary condenser through cyclonic separator; Primary condenser is controlled at this gas temperature between 300 ℃-500 degrees centigrade, and self-desiccation fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom gets in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell then.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, wherein, above-mentioned cyclonic separator is positioned at the top of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, and cyclonic separator is provided with the collection tube of arranging along fluidized-bed cylindrical shell length direction, and the collection tube end is provided with a kink.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation wherein, is provided with first air distribution plate of a lateral arrangement in the above-mentioned pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, this air distribution plate and fluidized-bed cylindrical shell form an inlet plenum; This air distribution plate is provided with burnt pipe, and this end that falls burnt pipe passes inlet plenum, is positioned at the outside burnt pipe that falls of inlet plenum and is provided with a valve.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation wherein, is provided with two-stage or three-stage cyclone separator in the above-mentioned pyrolysis fluidized-bed, is connected through pipeline between the adjacent cyclonic separator.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, wherein, the angle of above-mentioned kink and collection tube end is between 120 °-160 °.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation; Wherein, above-mentioned dry fluidized-bed top is provided with escape pipe, and this escape pipe is connected with second cyclonic separator; This second cyclonic separator is caught the tar device with second electric fishing and is connected, and this second electric fishing is caught the tar device and is connected with second condensing surface; Above-mentioned dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell is provided with the coal chute that is used to import brown coal.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, wherein, above-mentioned dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom is provided with second air distribution plate of lateral arrangement, and fuel dropping pipe upwards passes second air distribution plate, reveals and puts above second air distribution plate.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, wherein, above-mentioned returning charge mechanism is provided with supply air line, and this supply air line is provided with and is used for controlling loosening air-valve of adjusting and the returning charge air-valve that the returning charge structure gets into pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell coal amount.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, wherein, above-mentioned pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom is provided with the transfer line that is used to provide 600 ℃ of-1200 ℃ of rare gas elementes, and this transfer line is provided with second blower fan.
Described brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, wherein, above-mentioned rare gas element is stack gas, combustion product gases, dioxide gas, nitrogen or its mixed gas.
A kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation provided by the invention; Through the frame mode of dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell and pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, make full use of the intravital heat energy of pyrolysis fluidized-bed tube, and can tar be derived reactor drum smoothly; Cyclonic separator is at high temperature removed the dust that carries in coal gas and the tar steam; Avoided the plugging phenomenon occurring deriving the tar process, the present invention can the recycle thermal source, has improved utilization efficiency of heat energy; Reduce the energy consumption in the coal cracking process, reduced the production cost of coal cracking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation among the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation, clearer, clear and definite in order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage, below will combine accompanying drawing and embodiment, to further explain of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation; As shown in Figure 1; The brown coal drying pyrolysis installation comprises dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 and pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2, and dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 can adopt technique means well known in the prior art with pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2.The bottom of dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 is provided with fuel dropping pipe 3, and this fuel dropping pipe 3 is connected with a returning charge mechanism 4, and this returning charge mechanism 4 is connected with pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 through a transfer tube 5; Be provided with primary cyclone 6 at least in this pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; The outlet of last step cyclonic separator 6 is connected with the gas outlet tube 7 of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; This gas outlet tube 7 is connected with first electrical tar precipitator 8; This first electric fishing is caught tar device 8 and is connected with a primary condenser 9, and this primary condenser 9 is connected with dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 bottom through first blower fan 10; Brown coal get in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 through fuel dropping pipe 3, returning charge mechanism 4 after dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 drying successively; In pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2, carry out pyrolysis; The gas of its generation gets into primary condenser 9 through cyclonic separator 6; Primary condenser 9 is controlled at this gas temperature between 300 ℃-500 degrees centigrade, and self-desiccation fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 bottom gets in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 then, and the brown coal in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 are carried out drying; The recycle thermal source has improved the utilising efficiency of heat energy.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention; Cyclonic separator 6 is positioned at the top of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; Cyclonic separator 6 is provided with the collection tube of arranging along pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 length directions 12; Collection tube 12 ends are provided with a kink 13, thereby have avoided collection tube 12 straight up and down to import the situation of coal particle, and the length of collection tube 12 is to be confirmed by the bed thickness and the bed of material pressure drop of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2.Obvious cyclonic separator 2 can also be arranged on the correct position of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 as required; Especially pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 is provided with a gas outlet tube 7; Cyclonic separator 6 all is connected with gas outlet tube 7; Thereby the coal gas that coal cracking produces is derived, improved derivation efficient.
In another preferred embodiment, be provided with first air distribution plate 14 of a lateral arrangement in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2, this air distribution plate 14 forms an inlet plenum 15 with pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; This air distribution plate 14 is provided with burnt pipe 16, and this end that falls Jiao's pipe 16 passes inlet plenum 15, is positioned at the inlet plenum 15 outside burnt pipes 16 that fall and is provided with a valve 17, controls burnt speed.
Further, 2 are provided with two-stage or three-stage cyclone separator 6 in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed, are connected through pipeline between the adjacent cyclonic separator 6, have improved and have removed the efficient of carrying dust in coal gas and the tar steam.
Further, the angle of kink 13 and collection tube 12 ends helps dust granules and falls into smoothly in the bed of material of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 from collection tube 12 between 120 °-160 °.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention; 1 one is provided with escape pipe 18 on the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; This escape pipe 18 is connected with second cyclonic separator 19; This second cyclonic separator 19 is caught tar device 20 with second electric fishing and is connected, and this second electric fishing is caught tar device 20 and is connected with second condensing surface 27; And dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 is provided with the coal chute 21 that is used to import brown coal, thereby the coal raw material is got in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 smoothly.
Further, dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 bottom is provided with second air distribution plate 22 of lateral arrangement, and fuel dropping pipe 3 upwards passes second air distribution plate 22, reveals and puts above second air distribution plate 22.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention; Returning charge mechanism 4 is provided with supply air line 23; This supply air line 23 is provided with and is used for controlling the loosening air-valve 24 of adjusting and returning charge air-valve 25 that the returning charge structure gets into pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 coal amounts, has improved the stability of the present invention's operation.
Further, pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 bottoms are provided with the transfer line 28 that is used to provide 600 ℃ of-1200 ℃ of rare gas elementes, and this transfer line 28 is provided with second blower fan 26, has improved the fluency to pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 air feed.And rare gas element is stack gas, combustion product gases, dioxide gas, nitrogen or its mixed gas, has improved the efficient of coal cracking, has avoided the aggegation in collection tube 3 of high temperature tar and dust simultaneously.
Get in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 with transfer tube 5 through fuel dropping pipe 3, returning charge mechanism 4 through dried brown coal, carry out pyrolysis, at this moment; It is 600 ℃-1200 ℃ rare gas element that transfer line 28 provides temperature to pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; Brown coal pyrolysis under hot conditions, the coal gas after the pyrolysis is handled the back through cyclonic separator 6 and is got into gas outlet tube 7, gets into first electrical tar precipitator 8 then and handles; Obtain a large amount of tar and discharge through first electrical tar precipitator 8; And gas gets in the primary condenser 9 again, between primary condenser 9 is controlled 300 ℃-500 ℃ with the temperature of gas, and remaining tar in the vent gas body; Temperature is 300 ℃-500 ℃ the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell of gas first blower fan, 10 entering 1 bottom then, has realized the recycle to heat energy.
Embodiment 1:
With water cut is the brown coal of 42wt%, particle diameter<25mm; Join continuously in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 with 1 ton/hour inlet amount and to carry out drying; Through dried brown coal water cut reduce to<2%; It gets in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shells 2 through fuel dropping pipe 3, returning charge mechanism 4 and transfer tube 5 continuously, and transfer line 28 feeds 850 ℃ combustion product gases with the flow of 1800 cubic metres/hour (standard state) to pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 in, makes the interior brown coal fast pyrogenation of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; Pyrolysis gas-phase product tar steam and coal gas are along with combustion product gases is handled back entering gas outlet tube 7 through cyclonic separator 6; Obtain a large amount of tar and discharge through first electrical tar precipitator 8 again, and gas gets in the primary condenser 9 again, between primary condenser 9 is controlled 350 ℃-450 ℃ with the temperature of gas; Gas gets in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 and carries out drying operation afterwards, and second electrical tar precipitator 20 and second condensing surface 27 obtain a small amount of tar and a large amount of water of condensation respectively.Dust content in the product tar that from electrical tar precipitator 8, condensing surface 9 and electrical tar precipitator 20, obtains is less than 0.5wt%; About 310 kilograms/hour of the product semicoke amount of discharging from valve 17; And about 80 ℃ of the exhaust temperature that second condensing surface 27 is discharged can directly get into the burner hearth burning, produces combustion product gases; 2 uses of fluidized-bed cylindrical shell are separated in heat supply again, have further improved rate of energy.
Embodiment 2:
With water cut is the brown coal of 35wt%, particle diameter<30mm; Join continuously in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 with 2 tons/hour inlet amounies and to carry out drying; Through dried brown coal water cut reduce to<2.8%; It gets in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shells 2 through fuel dropping pipe 3, returning charge mechanism 4 and transfer tube 5 continuously, and transfer line 28 feeds 850 ℃ combustion product gases with the flow of 3000 cubic metres/hour (standard state) to pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2 in, makes the interior brown coal fast pyrogenation of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 2; Pyrolysis gas-phase product tar steam and coal gas are along with combustion product gases is handled back entering gas outlet tube 7 through cyclonic separator 6; Obtain a large amount of tar and discharge through first electrical tar precipitator 8 again, and gas gets in the primary condenser 9 again, between primary condenser 9 is controlled 350 ℃-450 ℃ with the temperature of gas; Gas gets in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell 1 and carries out drying operation afterwards, and second electrical tar precipitator 20 and second condensing surface 27 obtain a small amount of tar and a large amount of water of condensation respectively.Dust content in the product tar that from electrical tar precipitator 8, condensing surface 9 and electrical tar precipitator 20, obtains is less than 0.7wt%; About 750 kilograms/hour of the product semicoke amount of discharging from valve 17; And about 80 ℃ of the exhaust temperature that second condensing surface 27 is discharged can directly get into the burner hearth burning, produces combustion product gases; 2 uses of fluidized-bed cylindrical shell are separated in heat supply again, have improved energy utilization rate.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention, and the present invention also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and variation, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that the technician in present technique field is made in essential scope of the present invention also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation; It comprises dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell and pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; It is characterized in that: the bottom of dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell is provided with fuel dropping pipe, and this fuel dropping pipe is connected with a returning charge mechanism, and this returning charge mechanism is connected with pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell through a transfer tube; Be provided with primary cyclone at least in this pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; The outlet of last step cyclonic separator is connected with the gas outlet tube of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; This gas outlet tube is connected with first electrical tar precipitator; This first electric fishing is caught the tar device and is connected with a primary condenser, and this primary condenser is connected with dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom through first blower fan; Brown coal get in the pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell through fuel dropping pipe, returning charge mechanism after dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell drying successively; In pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, carry out pyrolysis; The gas of its generation gets into primary condenser through cyclonic separator; Primary condenser is controlled at this gas temperature between 300 ℃-500 degrees centigrade, and self-desiccation fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom gets in the dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell then.
2. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: above-mentioned cyclonic separator is positioned at the top of pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell; Cyclonic separator is provided with the collection tube of arranging along fluidized-bed cylindrical shell length direction, and the collection tube end is provided with a kink.
3. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with first air distribution plate of a lateral arrangement in the above-mentioned pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell, this air distribution plate and pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell form an inlet plenum; This air distribution plate is provided with burnt pipe, and this end that falls burnt pipe passes inlet plenum, is positioned at the outside burnt pipe that falls of inlet plenum and is provided with a valve.
4. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with two-stage or three-stage cyclone separator in the above-mentioned pyrolysis fluidized-bed, be connected through pipeline between the adjacent cyclonic separator.
5. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the angle of above-mentioned kink and collection tube end is between 120 °-160 °.
6. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: above-mentioned dry fluidized-bed top is provided with escape pipe; This escape pipe is connected with second cyclonic separator; This second cyclonic separator is caught the tar device with second electric fishing and is connected, and this second electric fishing is caught the tar device and is connected with second condensing surface; Above-mentioned dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell is provided with the coal chute that is used to import brown coal.
7. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned dry fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom is provided with second air distribution plate of lateral arrangement, and fuel dropping pipe upwards passes second air distribution plate, reveals and puts above second air distribution plate.
8. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned returning charge mechanism is provided with supply air line, and this supply air line is provided with and is used for controlling loosening air-valve of adjusting and the returning charge air-valve that the returning charge structure gets into pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell coal amount.
9. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned pyrolysis fluidized-bed cylindrical shell bottom is provided with the transfer line that is used to provide 600 ℃ of-1200 ℃ of rare gas elementes, and this transfer line is provided with second blower fan.
10. brown coal drying pyrolysis installation according to claim 9 is characterized in that: above-mentioned rare gas element is stack gas, combustion product gases, dioxide gas, nitrogen or its mixed gas.
CN2012100695181A 2012-03-16 2012-03-16 Lignite drying and pyrolyzing device Expired - Fee Related CN102585857B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103666506A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-26 北京蓝天利源科技有限公司 Feed coal pre-pyrolysis device for large-sized pulverized coal furnace
CN107057734A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-08-18 陈铭鸿 A kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101429463A (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-13 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Process for processing coal with low degree of metamorphism
CN101657526A (en) * 2006-12-01 2010-02-24 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 Improved fluidized coking process
CN101701158A (en) * 2009-11-06 2010-05-05 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with heated gas carrier

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101657526A (en) * 2006-12-01 2010-02-24 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 Improved fluidized coking process
CN101429463A (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-13 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Process for processing coal with low degree of metamorphism
CN101701158A (en) * 2009-11-06 2010-05-05 湖南大唐先一科技有限公司 Process for upgrading low-rank coal in an internally heating way with heated gas carrier

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103666506A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-26 北京蓝天利源科技有限公司 Feed coal pre-pyrolysis device for large-sized pulverized coal furnace
CN107057734A (en) * 2017-02-27 2017-08-18 陈铭鸿 A kind of brown coal drying pyrolysis installation

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