CN105238425A - Gas-solid mixed heat carrier quick pulverized coal pyrolysis process and device - Google Patents
Gas-solid mixed heat carrier quick pulverized coal pyrolysis process and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas-solid mixed heat carrier quick pulverized coal pyrolysis process and a device. The device includes a diameter variable pyrolysis reactor, the top outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is provided with a pyrolytic oil gas collector, a vortex mixer is hidden in the middle part, a breathable heat storage layer is arranged at the lower part, two hot semicoke outlets are arranged at the bottom, one outlet is used for discharging hot semicoke, and the other outlet is connected to a tobacco pipe type refeeder, the tobacco pipe type refeeder is connected to a simple separator through a combustion lift pipe, the bottom of the simple separator is provided with an L-shaped high temperature semicoke control valve, the bottom of a dry raw material coal bunker is equipped with an L-shaped dry raw material coal control valve, outlets of the two valves are respectively connected to two inlets of the vortex mixer, the pyrolytic oil gas collector is in connection with an oil gas inlet manifold box of a box type multi-tube cyclone dust collector, the outlet of the box type multi-tube cyclone dust collector is connected to a high temperature centrifugal fan, the outlet of the high temperature centrifugal fan is connected to the L-shaped dry raw material coal control valve and the L-shaped high temperature semicoke control valve. Therefore, disadvantages of the prior art are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fine coal (resinous shale) pyrolysis art, be specifically related to the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier and device.
Background technology
China's coal heavy wool is few, although coal resources relative abundance, the low-rank coal such as brown coal, long-flame coal occupies about 53% of coal in China total amount, and such coal is mostly direct as fuel used to generate electricity at present; So develop a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis technique, extract the coal tar of hydrogen-rich component and carried out deep processing to it before coal combustion, improving the added value of fine coal, reduce combustion processes medium sulphide content and discharged nitrous oxides, environment protection tool is of great significance.
China carries out pyrolysis with lump coal for a long time and produces the technique of semicoke for representative in upright carbide furnace, and the coal gas utilizing self to produce directly or indirectly heats, Heating temperature all at about 800 DEG C, output solid semicoke, coal gas and middle coalite tar.But it is low to there is caloric power of gas in this technique, and tar yield is low, the shortcoming that environmental pollution is large.And China combines and adopts coal-mining technique and obtain and develop rapidly in recent years, and the productive rate of progress of coal mining medium-sized coal has been down to less than 36%, the price Continued of market lump coal, creates serious disadvantageous effect to the pyrolytic process technology that lump coal is raw material.The numerous enterprises domestic in fine coal hot coal field, colleges and universities and scientific research institutions have done pulverized coal pyrolysis and have studied widely, and obtain a large amount of basic datas.But China starts late in pulverized coal pyrolysis field, there is no maturation, reliable, stable Technology, be in product structure for a long time simple, the backward stage that treatment scale is little.The following deficiency of the pulverized coal pyrolysis industrial demonstration unit appearance all in various degree of simultaneously having built up: (1) pyrolysis oil gas dust-laden is comparatively large, the coal tar of generation is difficult to recycle; (2) technique is unstable, and the cycle of operation is short, operation easier is large; (3) complex process, flow process are longer, investment is higher, be unfavorable for applying.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve prior art Problems existing and deficiency, the invention provides the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier and device.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, comprise the pyrolysis reactor of dried feed coal bunker and reducing, the top exit of described pyrolysis reactor is provided with pyrolysis oil gas collector, cyclone mixer is kept in middle part, bottom is provided with ventilative recuperation layer, bottom is provided with two hot semicoke outlets, hot semicoke is discharged by an outlet, another outlet connects the entrance of tobacco pipe type material returning device by pipeline, the outlet of tobacco pipe type material returning device connects vertically disposed combustion rise pipe, the import of simple separation device is connected to after the upper horizontal direction of combustion rise pipe bends 90 degree, the outlet at bottom of simple separation device is provided with L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve, L-type dried feed coal control valve is provided with bottom dried feed coal bunker, the outlet of L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve and the outlet of L-type dried feed coal control valve enter from the cylinder lateral wall of pyrolysis reactor respectively and are connected with two of cyclone mixer entrances, the outlet of simple separation device is connected with the entrance of cyclonic separator, the outlet of cyclonic separator is connected with the entrance of the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, the pyrolysis oil gas collector that pyrolysis reactor top is arranged is connected with the oil gas inlet manifold case of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, the outlet of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector is connected with high-temperature centrifugal fan, high-temperature centrifugal fan outlet is connected with L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve with L-type dried feed coal control valve respectively.
This device also comprises multiple tube screwed feeding machine and heat pipe semicoke water cooler, and one bottom pyrolysis reactor hot semicoke outlet is connected with multiple tube screwed feeding machine, and multiple tube screwed feeding machine is connected with heat pipe semicoke water cooler.
The pyrolysis reactor epimere of described reducing is expanding reach, and hypomere is conversion zone, and expanding reach diameter is 1.1 ~ 1.8 times of conversion zone diameter, and the pyrolysis reactor expanding reach height of reducing is 0.75 ~ 1.12 times of conversion zone height; The base plate that described pyrolysis oil gas collector comprises cylindrical shape and the blinds be arranged on base plate, the tangent line angle of the base plate cylindrical of louvres and pyrolysis oil gas collector is 30 ~ 65 degree.
The pyrolysis reactor expanding reach diameter of described reducing is 1.2 ~ 1.6 times of conversion zone diameter, and expanding reach height is 0.8 ~ 1.0 times of conversion zone height; The tangent line angle of the base plate cylindrical of louvres and pyrolysis oil gas collector is 35 ~ 45 degree.
Described cyclone mixer comprises cylindrical shell and the cone of cylinder shape, cone is connected with below the cylindrical shell of cylinder shape, the tangential place on cylindrical shell top respectively opposed be provided with two be tilted under feed-pipe, cylindrical shell top is provided with vapor pipe, exhaust outlet correspondence is provided with distribution cap, and cone bottom is provided with tremie pipe, and the cylindrical shell arranged outside of tremie pipe has the drainage conduit of two groups of totally 8 identical inclination angle different lengthss, the end of drainage conduit is provided with flutter valve, and cone height is 1.2 ~ 2.7 times of cylindrical shell height.
Described ventilative recuperation layer comprises the heavy wall concentric reducer that multilayer is arranged, the preferred specification of concentric reducer has 100 × 80,125 × 80,150 × 100,200 × 150,250 × 200,300 × 200,300 × 250,350 × 200,350 × 250 ventilative recuperation layers are that multilayer is arranged, preferably 6 ~ 25 layers.
Described tobacco pipe type material returning device comprises the outer cylinder body of cylinder shape, outer cylinder body inside is provided with columniform guide shell, the height of guide shell is lower than outer cylinder body height, returning charge blast main is connect bottom guide shell, be provided with pore bottom returning charge blast main, be provided with between guide shell and outer cylinder body for carrying out the base plate sealed, outer cylinder body sidepiece surface thereof is provided with solid material feeder pipe, the upper end of outer cylinder body is provided with a conical head, and conical head top connects combustion rise pipe.
Described combustion rise pipe is made up of outer field stainless steel basic unit and inner ceramic wearing coat.
Described simple separation device comprises cylindrical tube, head slab shape end socket and bottom pyramidal end socket, described cylindrical tube, head slab shape end socket and bottom pyramidal end socket are sealed to form, the tangential level connection joint of cylindrical tube has the feed-pipe of cyclone mixer, the centre of head slab shape end socket is provided with gaseous phase outlet, this gaseous phase outlet is connected with cyclonic separator, and bottom pyramidal end socket connects L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve.
Described box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector are square-box-shaped structure, comprise casing, box house staggered floor Heterogeneous Permutation has multiple cyclonic separator, the outlet of each cyclonic separator is all provided with trip valve, box house is tiltedly installed with dividing plate, and casing is divided into two portions by this dividing plate, and a part is the pyrolysis oil gas inlet manifold case of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, a part is the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, and preferred cyclonic separator number is 20 ~ 1000.
Described heat pipe semicoke water cooler comprises casing, the top of described casing is provided with long strip type opening for feed, this opening for feed connects with the multiple tube screwed feeding machine with multiple outlet, box house is provided with multiple heat pipes that S type is arranged, the bottom of heat pipe is filling pipe end, top is water return outlet, heat pipe is through the corresponding casing arranged, heat pipe part is made to be placed in casing outside, outside heat pipe surface arranges radiating fin, be placed in 0.6 ~ 1.5 times that outside heat pipe total length is inner heat pipe, preferably 0.8 ~ 1.2 times.
The quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier based on described device, comprises the following steps:
(1) be 0.2 ~ 8mm by dried particle diameter, temperature is that the dried feed coal of 130 ~ 150 DEG C is sent in dried feed coal bunker, dry fine coal in dried feed coal bunker enters from bottom discharge mouth the pyrolysis oil gas being 400 ~ 600 DEG C with the temperature from high-temperature centrifugal fan in L-type dried feed coal control valve and converges, and enter in built-in cyclone mixer in the middle part of pyrolysis reactor, and adjust the flow of dried feed coal with the uninterrupted of pyrolysis oil gas;
(2) high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device enters from bottom discharge mouth the pyrolysis oil gas being 400 ~ 600 DEG C with the temperature from high-temperature centrifugal fan in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve and converges, under the impellent effect of pyrolysis oil gas, enter in the cyclone mixer in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor, and adjust the flow of high-temperature semi-coke with the uninterrupted of pyrolysis oil gas;
(3) from the dry fine coal that the cylindrical shell of cyclone mixer tangentially enters, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke, in Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid produces strong rotation under the guide functions of the cylinder inboard wall of cyclone mixer, and move downward in process in volution, dry fine coal mixes rapidly with high-temperature semi-coke, and there is heat transfer and pyrolysis, mixed solid particulate is thrown toward wall under centrifugal action, and under gravity, inwall along cylindrical shell falls to tremie pipe, composite grain is drained into the conversion zone of pyrolysis reactor by the drainage conduit distributed by tremie pipe surrounding, the air-flow rotated shrinks to center flow under the effect of contraction of cone, and upwards formation secondary vortex flow is discharged through vapor pipe, discharge air-flow is made to be dispersed to pyrolysis reactor inwall surrounding by distribution cap,
(4) heat transfer and pyrolysis is proceeded, until heat transfer or pyrolysis terminate from the drainage conduit of cyclone mixer combination drying fine coal out and high-temperature semi-coke; In the process that the dry fine coal of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer, continuous change radial flow direction, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer, and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat trnasfer in the ventilative recuperation layer of high temperature and composite grain, the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor is made to remain on a steady state, the not fluctuation because of technique change;
(5) pyrolytic reaction terminates the semicoke temperature of rear generation between 450 ~ 650 DEG C, discharge port via the bottom of pyrolysis reactor is discharged, deliver to storage coke installation after wherein a part of hot semicoke is cooled to 35 ~ 65 DEG C to store, another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device through pipeline;
(6) the hot semicoke entering tobacco pipe type material returning device rests between outer cylinder body and guide shell, under returning charge air effect, hot semicoke particle expands, upwards toward the indentation, there flowing between outer cylinder body and guide shell, and then entered combustion rise pipe by the air lift air-lift unit come in guide shell from bottom to top;
(7) the hot semicoke in combustion rise pipe, returning charge air, air lift air is converged to, while gravity castering action is carried out to hot semicoke, oxygen components effect generating portion in the carbon component of hot semicoke and air is burnt, the heat that burning produces is by semicoke particle and gas absorption, and formation temperature is the high-temperature semi-coke of 750 ~ 820 DEG C and the heat smoke of high temperature; Carrying out first time after high-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke enter simple separation device is separated, the high-temperature semi-coke separated is after the L-type high-temperature semi-coke controller adjust flux bottom simple separation device, enter cyclone mixer as solid thermal carriers, the heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust trapped, store after cooling process, heat smoke discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke;
(8) box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector are entered from pyrolysis oil gas collector pyrolysis oil gas out, under the dustproof function of multicyclone, pyrolysis oil gas is purified, obtaining temperature is pyrolysis oil gas after the purification of 400 ~ 600 DEG C, the pyrolysis oil gas part after purification after high-temperature centrifugal fan pressurization as conveying and gaseous heat-carrier; Part carrying device.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
(1) have employed gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, gas phase thermal barrier is the pyrolysis high-temperature oil gas produced by pyrolysis self, after high-temperature centrifugal fan pressurization, is entered by L-type valve inlet pipe, while control inlet amount, has the function of gas heating concurrently; A part, based on the hot semicoke produced after completing pyrolytic reaction, controls flow through tobacco pipe type material returning device, and the gravity carrying out heating by ignition and semicoke particle in combustion rise pipe promotes, and the high-temperature semi-coke of generation is as solid thermal carriers.Gaseous heat-carrier (pyrolysis oil gas), solid thermal carriers (high-temperature semi-coke), in cyclone mixer, contact with feed coal respectively and mix, and pyrolytic reaction occurs.
(2) pyrolysis reactor top arranges pyrolysis oil gas collector, under the effect of contraction of pyrolysis oil gas collector blinds, the air-flow risen in pyrolysis reactor (is observed) counterclockwise from top to bottom, and spin helically propradation, can prevent upstream turbulent entrainment dust granules.
(3) because the temperature of dried feed coal is about 130 ~ 150 DEG C, after contacting with gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, can heated fast generation pyrolysis, effectively can promote the fracture of organic compound key in coal molecule, improve the productive rate of oil gas.
(4) adopt the cyclone mixer of mechanical rotating part, solid thermal carriers can be made fully to mix with feed coal.
(5) reactor bottom is provided with ventilative recuperation layer, combine owing to have employed steel thick wall concentric reducer, effectively can solve reactor bottom material level when changing, inside reactor thermal capacity fluctuates, Absorbable organic halogens pyrolysis reaction temperature and pyrolysis oil temperature degree, ensure technique smooth running; Gas that is that semicoke particle during the setting of ventilative recuperation layer simultaneously makes to move down produces or that carry secretly fully discharges.
(6) have employed the collocation method that simple separation device is connected successively with efficient cyclonic separator, utilize simple separation device inferior separating effect, dust granules in high-temperature semi-coke after heating is brought in cyclonic separator by air-flow and traps, dust granules in minimizing solid thermal carriers and the quantity of fine particle, and then the effective dust content reduced in pyrolysis oil gas.
(7) box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, have employed multiple whirly separator parallel combination and form, whirly is many misarrangements layer, and dislocation is arranged, is conducive to the even air inlet of pyrolysis oil gas, improves efficiency of dust collection.Simultaneously at each Cyclone outlet, often arrange cyclonic separator general export and trip valve is set, the quantity of the cyclonic separator put into operation can be controlled in real time, make the operating load of the cyclonic separator run reach 100%, be in optimal operational condition all the time.
(8) have employed multiple spiral tube feeding machine be arranged in parallel, screw feeder arranges multiple import and outlet simultaneously, add the horizontal feed scope of feeding machine, achieve the double-acting of feed sub-material, secondly progressive pitch is adopted to arrange, prevent get stuck, putty, improve the reliability of equipment.
(9) adopted heat pipe semicoke water cooler, hot semicoke is mobile by horizontally disposed heat pipe gap from top to bottom, and heat pipe, through box body wall, extends to outside, and arranges fin to the heat pipe surface of outside, increases radiating effect.The water of flowing is used to remove medium as heat in heat pipe inside.Effectively raise speed of cooling and the efficiency of semicoke, and can not airborne dust be produced.
(10) pyrolysis reactor adopted due to this device reaction material belongs to quick travel bed-type formula, because pyrolysis reactor conversion zone diameter is little, volume is little, and treatment capacity is large, thus effectively reduce the volume in pyrolysis reactor, simple separation device, dried feed storehouse, improve the utilization ratio of equipment.This pyrolysis installation structure is simple, and number of devices is few, and equipment apportion is arranged, does not have overlap, can effectively reduce the height of device, be conducive to industrialization, fully demonstrated the technological merit of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier fine coal fast pyrolysis process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.Sequence number a in figure is pyrolysis reactor, b is pyrolysis oil gas collector, c is cyclone mixer, d is ventilative recuperation layer, e is multiple tube screwed feeding machine, f is heat pipe semicoke water cooler, g is tobacco pipe type material returning device, h is combustion rise pipe, i is simple separation device, j is cyclonic separator, k is box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, l is high-temperature centrifugal fan, m is dried feed coal bunker, n is L-type dried feed coal control valve, o is L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve, v is trip valve, 1 is air lift air, 2 is returning charge air, 3 is high-temperature semi-coke powder, 4 is heat smoke, 5 is dry fine coal, 6 is semicoke dust, 7 is pyrolysis oil gas, 8 is powdery semicoke, 9 is the upper water of cooling, 10 is cooling backwater.
Fig. 2 is pyrolysis reactor scantlings of the structure schematic diagram.Sequence number a1 in figure is expanding reach, and a2 is conversion zone, and A-d1 is expanding reach diameter, and A-h1 is expanding reach height, and A-d2 is conversion zone diameter, and A-h2 is conversion zone height.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pyrolysis oil gas collector.Sequence number b1 in figure is base plate, and b2 is blinds.
Fig. 4 is cyclone mixer structural representation.Sequence number c1 in figure is feed-pipe, and c2 is feed-pipe, and c3 is vapor pipe, and c4 is distribution cap, and c5 is cylindrical shell, and c6 is cone, and c7 is tremie pipe, and c8 is drainage conduit, and c9 is flutter valve.
Fig. 5 is cyclone mixer top view.
Fig. 6 is tobacco pipe type material returning device structural representation.Sequence number g1 in figure is guide shell, and g2 is outer cylinder body, and g3 is conical head, and g4 is feed-pipe, and g5 is pore, and g6 is base plate, and g7 is returning charge blast main.
Fig. 7 is box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector inner cyclone layout drawing.Sequence number k1 in figure is casing, and k2 is cyclonic separator, and k3 is inlet tube, and k4 is inlet manifold case.
Fig. 8 is heat pipe semicoke cooler construction schematic diagram.Sequence number f1 in figure is opening for feed, and f2 is casing, and f3 is water return outlet, and f4 is filling pipe end, and f5 is discharge gate, and f6 is fin, and f7 is heat pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and the explanation of the invention is not limited.
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, comprise the pyrolysis reactor a of dried feed coal bunker m and reducing, the top exit of described pyrolysis reactor a is provided with pyrolysis oil gas collector b, cyclone mixer c is kept in the middle part of pyrolysis reactor a, the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a is provided with ventilative recuperation layer d, the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a is provided with two hot semicoke outlets, an outlet connects multiple tube screwed feeding machine, hot semicoke is delivered to heat pipe semicoke water cooler to carry out after cooling and to discharge, another outlet connects the entrance of tobacco pipe type material returning device g by pipeline, the outlet of tobacco pipe type material returning device g connects vertically disposed combustion rise pipe h, the import of simple separation device i is connected to after the upper horizontal direction of combustion rise pipe h bends 90 degree, the outlet at bottom of simple separation device i is provided with L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve, L-type dried feed coal control valve n is provided with bottom dried feed coal bunker m, the outlet of L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve and the outlet of L-type dried feed coal control valve enter from the cylinder lateral wall of pyrolysis reactor a respectively and are connected with two of cyclone mixer c entrances, the outlet i of simple separation device is connected with the entrance of cyclonic separator j, the outlet of cyclonic separator j is connected with the entrance of the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, the pyrolysis oil gas collector b that pyrolysis reactor a top is arranged is connected with the oil gas inlet manifold case of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, the outlet of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k is connected with high-temperature centrifugal fan 1, high-temperature centrifugal fan 1 exports and is connected with L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve with L-type dried feed coal control valve respectively.
This device also comprises multiple tube screwed feeding machine e and heat pipe semicoke water cooler f, and one bottom pyrolysis reactor a hot semicoke outlet is connected with multiple tube screwed feeding machine e, and multiple tube screwed feeding machine e is connected with heat pipe semicoke water cooler f.
The pyrolysis reactor epimere of described reducing is expanding reach a1, and hypomere is conversion zone a2, and expanding reach diameter A-d1 is 1.1 ~ 1.8 times of conversion zone diameter A-d2, and the pyrolysis reactor expanding reach height A-h1 of reducing is 0.75 ~ 1.12 times of conversion zone height A-h2; The base plate b1 that described pyrolysis oil gas collector comprises cylindrical shape and the blinds b2 be arranged on base plate b1, the tangent line angle of the base plate cylindrical of louvres and pyrolysis oil gas collector is 30 ~ 65 degree.
The pyrolysis reactor expanding reach diameter of described reducing is 1.2 ~ 1.6 times of conversion zone diameter, and expanding reach height is 0.8 ~ 1.0 times of conversion zone height; The tangent line angle of the base plate cylindrical of louvres and pyrolysis oil gas collector is 35 ~ 45 degree.
Described cyclone mixer c comprises cylindrical shell c5 and the cone c6 of cylinder shape, cone c6 is connected with below the cylindrical shell c5 of cylinder shape, the tangential place on cylindrical shell c5 top respectively opposed be provided with two be tilted under feed-pipe c1, cylindrical shell top is provided with vapor pipe c3, exhaust outlet correspondence is provided with distribution cap c4, cone c6 bottom is provided with tremie pipe c7, the cylindrical shell arranged outside of tremie pipe c7 has the drainage conduit c8 of two groups of identical inclination angle different lengthss, two groups of drainage conduit c8 are total up to 8, 4 long drainage conduit c8, 4 short drainage conduit c8, 4 long and arrange in rice font between 4 short two groups, the end of drainage conduit c8 is provided with flutter valve c9, cone c6 height is 1.2 ~ 2.7 times of cylindrical shell c5 height.
Described ventilative recuperation layer comprises the heavy wall concentric reducer that multilayer is arranged, preferred specification has 100 × 80,125 × 80,150 × 100,200 × 150,250 × 200,300 × 200,300 × 250,350 × 200,350 × 250, preferably 6 ~ 25 layers.
Described tobacco pipe type material returning device comprises the outer cylinder body g2 of cylinder shape, outer cylinder body g2 inside is provided with columniform guide shell g1, the height of guide shell g1 is lower than outer cylinder body g2 height, base plate g6 is adopted to seal between guide shell g1 and outer cylinder body g2, returning charge blast main g7 is met bottom guide shell g1, pore is provided with bottom returning charge blast main, make on the base plate being distributed between outer cylinder body and guide shell of returning charge even air, outer cylinder body sidepiece surface thereof is provided with solid material feeder pipe g4, the upper end of outer cylinder body g2 is provided with a conical head g3, conical head g3 top connects combustion rise pipe.
Described combustion rise pipe h is made up of outer field stainless steel basic unit and inner ceramic wearing coat.
Described simple separation device comprises cylindrical tube, head slab shape end socket and bottom pyramidal end socket, described cylindrical tube, head slab shape end socket and bottom pyramidal end socket are sealed to form, the tangential level connection joint of cylindrical tube has the feed-pipe of cyclone mixer, the centre of head slab shape end socket is provided with gaseous phase outlet, this gaseous phase outlet is connected with cyclonic separator, and bottom pyramidal end socket connects L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve.
Described box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector are square-box-shaped structure, comprise casing, and box house staggered floor Heterogeneous Permutation has multiple cyclonic separator, and the outlet of each cyclonic separator is all provided with trip valve, for the corresponding cyclonic separator that quits work; Box house is tiltedly installed with dividing plate, casing is divided into two portions by this dividing plate, a part is the pyrolysis oil gas inlet manifold case of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, and a part is the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, and preferred cyclonic separator number is 20 ~ 1000.
Described cyclonic separator is preferred structure formation and scantlings of the structure, has higher separation efficiency.
Described heat pipe semicoke water cooler comprises rectangular box f2, the top of described casing f2 is provided with long strip type opening for feed, this opening for feed connects with the multiple tube screwed feeding machine e with multiple outlet, casing f2 inside is provided with multiple heat pipe f7 that S type is arranged, the bottom of heat pipe f7 is that filling pipe end connects the upper water of cooling, top is that water return outlet discharges cooling backwater, heat pipe f7 is through the corresponding casing f2 arranged, heat pipe part is made to be placed in casing outside, outside heat pipe surface arranges radiating fin f6, be placed in 0.6 ~ 1.5 times that outside heat pipe total length is inner heat pipe, preferably 0.8 ~ 1.2 times.
See Fig. 1, the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, its technological process comprises following processing step:
(1) adopt the processing method known to carry out sub-sieve to raw coal, select the fine coal of its certain granules, after being heated drying, as the dry fine coal raw material of pyrolysis installation, and send in dried feed coal bunker.Dry fine coal in dried feed coal bunker enters in L-type dried feed coal control valve from bottom discharge mouth, converges with the pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan, enters in the cyclone mixer in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor.
(2) high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device enters through L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve from bottom discharge mouth, converge with the pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan, under the impellent effect of pyrolysis oil gas, enter in the cyclone mixer in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor.
(3) from dry fine coal, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke that cyclone mixer cylindrical shell tangentially enters, in Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid.Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid produces strong rotation under the guide functions of cyclone mixer cylinder inboard wall, and under screw in moving process, dry fine coal mixes rapidly with high-temperature semi-coke, and heat transfer and pyrolysis occur.Mixed solid particulate is thrown toward barrel under centrifugal action, and under gravity, falls to tremie pipe along barrel, and the drainage conduit distributed by tremie pipe surrounding drains into the conversion zone of pyrolysis reactor, and drainage conduit end is provided with the flutter valve of automatic open close.The air-flow rotated shrinks to center flow under the effect of contraction of conical shell, and upwards formation secondary vortex flow is discharged through vapor pipe, and exhaust outlet is provided with distribution cap, makes discharge air dispersion to pyrolysis reactor surrounding.
(4) the dry fine coal of the mixing from cyclone mixer drainage conduit and high-temperature semi-coke proceed heat transfer and pyrolysis, until heat transfer or pyrolysis terminate.In the dry fine coal of mixing and the process that moves down of high-temperature semi-coke pyrolysis reactor breathe freely recuperation layer effect under, dry fine coal and the high-temperature semi-coke of mixing constantly change radial flow direction, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from space, and in the process of flowing, high temperature has concentric reducer and composite grain also constantly heat transfer process occurring, the temperature in integral reactor is made to remain on a steady state, the not fluctuation because of technique change.
(5) pyrolytic reaction terminates the semicoke temperature of rear generation between 450 ~ 650 DEG C, discharge via the discharge port bottom pyrolysis reactor, wherein a part of hot semicoke enters multiple tube screwed feeding machine, enters heat pipe semicoke water cooler, delivers to storage coke installation and store after being cooled to 35 ~ 65 DEG C.Another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device through pipeline.
(6) entering the hot semicoke of tobacco pipe type material returning device rests between outer cylinder body and guide shell, from the returning charge air effect that bottom enters, hot semicoke particle expands, upwards toward the indentation, there flowing between outer cylinder body and guide shell, and then entered combustion rise pipe by the air lift air-lift unit come in guide shell from bottom to top.
(7) the hot semicoke in combustion rise pipe, returning charge air, air lift air is converged to, while gravity castering action is carried out to hot semicoke, oxygen components effect generating portion in the carbon component of hot semicoke and air is burnt, the heat that burning produces, by semicoke particle and gas absorption, forms the heat smoke of high-temperature semi-coke and high temperature.
(8) carrying out first time after high-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke enter simple separation device is separated, and the high-temperature semi-coke separated, after the L-type high-temperature semi-coke controller adjust flux bottom simple separation device, enters cyclone mixer as solid thermal carriers.The heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator do further whirlwind trapping, semicoke dust trap, through cooling process after storage.Heat smoke is after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, and discharger carries out heat recuperation process.
(9) box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector are entered from the pyrolysis oil gas collector pyrolysis oil gas out at pyrolysis reactor top, under the dustproof function of multicyclone, pyrolysis oil gas is purified, pyrolysis oil gas after purification is a part of after high-temperature centrifugal fan pressurization, as conveying gas and gaseous heat-carrier; Part carrying device, adopts the processing method known carry out cooling process to it and reclaim coal tar.
Embodiment 1:
See Fig. 1, the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier based on described device, comprises the following steps:
(1) be 0.2 ~ 8mm by dried particle diameter, temperature is that the dried feed coal 5 of 150 DEG C is sent in dried feed coal bunker m, dry fine coal in dried feed coal bunker m enters from bottom discharge mouth the pyrolysis oil gas being 600 DEG C with the temperature from high-temperature centrifugal fan l in L-type dried feed coal control valve and converges, and enter in built-in cyclone mixer in the middle part of pyrolysis reactor, and adjust the flow of dried feed coal 5 with the uninterrupted of pyrolysis oil gas.
(2) high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device i enters from bottom discharge mouth the pyrolysis oil gas being 600 DEG C with the temperature from high-temperature centrifugal fan l in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve o and converges, under the impellent effect of pyrolysis oil gas, enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a, and adjust the flow of high-temperature semi-coke with the uninterrupted of pyrolysis oil gas.
(3) from the dry fine coal 5 that the cylindrical shell c5 of cyclone mixer c tangentially enters, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke, in Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid produces strong rotation under the guide functions of the cylindrical shell c5 inwall of cyclone mixer c, and move downward in process in volution, dry fine coal 5 mixes rapidly with high-temperature semi-coke, and there is heat transfer and pyrolysis, mixed solid particulate is thrown toward wall under centrifugal action, and under gravity, inwall along cylindrical shell c5 falls to tremie pipe c7, composite grain is drained into the conversion zone a2 of pyrolysis reactor a by the drainage conduit c8 distributed by tremie pipe c7 surrounding, the air-flow rotated shrinks to center flow under the effect of contraction of cone c6, and upwards formation secondary vortex flow is discharged through vapor pipe c3, discharge air-flow is made to be dispersed to pyrolysis reactor a inwall surrounding by distribution cap c4.
(4) heat transfer and pyrolysis is proceeded, until heat transfer or pyrolysis terminate from the drainage conduit c8 of cyclone mixer c combination drying fine coal 5 out and high-temperature semi-coke; In the process that the dry fine coal 5 of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer d, continuous change radial flow direction, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer d, and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat transfer process in the ventilative recuperation layer d of high temperature and composite grain, the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor a is made to remain on a steady state, the not fluctuation because of technique change.
(5) pyrolytic reaction terminates the semicoke temperature of rear generation between 650 DEG C, discharge port via the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a is discharged, deliver to storage coke installation after wherein a part of hot semicoke is cooled to 65 DEG C to store, another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device g through pipeline.
(6) the hot semicoke entering tobacco pipe type material returning device g rests between outer cylinder body g2 and guide shell g1, under returning charge air 2 acts on, hot semicoke particle expands, upwards flow toward the indentation, there between outer cylinder body g2 and guide shell g1, and then entered combustion rise pipe h by air lift air 1 lifting come in guide shell g1 from bottom to top.
(7) the hot semicoke in combustion rise pipe h, returning charge air, air lift air is converged to, while gravity castering action is carried out to hot semicoke, oxygen components effect generating portion in the carbon component of hot semicoke and air is burnt, the heat that burning produces is by semicoke particle and gas absorption, and formation temperature is the high-temperature semi-coke of 810 DEG C and the heat smoke of high temperature; High-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke carry out first time and are separated after entering simple separation device i, the high-temperature semi-coke separated is after the L-type high-temperature semi-coke controller o adjust flux bottom simple separation device i, enter cyclone mixer i as solid thermal carriers, the heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator j do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust 3 trapped, store after cooling process, heat smoke discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke 4.
(8) box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k is entered from pyrolysis oil gas collector b pyrolysis oil gas out, under the dustproof function of multicyclone k, pyrolysis oil gas is purified, obtaining temperature is pyrolysis oil gas after the purification of 600 DEG C, the pyrolysis oil gas part after purification after high-temperature centrifugal fan l pressurizes as conveying and gaseous heat-carrier; Part carrying device.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 1, the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of a kind of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, comprises following processing step:
(1) the raw material fine coal of exploitation or buying is carried out dry sub-sieve, or select the fine coal after the washing of coal washery to carry out drying.Dried dried feed coal 5 particle diameter is 0.2 ~ 8mm, and temperature is 130 DEG C, and is sent in dried feed coal bunker m.Dry fine coal in dried feed coal bunker m enters in L-type dried feed coal control valve n from bottom discharge mouth, converge with at 400 DEG C of pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment dried feed coal 5 of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.
(2) high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device i enters in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve o from bottom discharge mouth, converge with the pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment high-temperature semi-coke of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.
(3) from dry fine coal 5, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke that the cylindrical shell c5 of cyclone mixer c tangentially enters, in Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid.Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid produces strong rotation under the guide functions of the cylindrical shell c5 inwall of cyclone mixer c, and moves downward in process in volution, and dry fine coal 5 mixes rapidly with high-temperature semi-coke, and heat transfer and pyrolysis occur.Mixed solid particulate is thrown toward wall under centrifugal action, and under gravity, inwall along cylindrical shell c5 falls to tremie pipe c7, composite grain is drained into the conversion zone a2 of pyrolysis reactor a by the drainage conduit c8 distributed by tremie pipe c7 surrounding, and drainage conduit c8 end is provided with the flutter valve c9 of automatic open close.The air-flow rotated shrinks to center flow under the effect of contraction of cone c6, and upwards formation secondary vortex flow is discharged through vapor pipe c3.Vapor pipe c3 outlet is provided with distribution cap c4, makes discharge air dispersion to pyrolysis reactor a inwall surrounding.
(4) heat transfer and pyrolysis is proceeded, until heat transfer or pyrolysis terminate from the drainage conduit c8 of cyclone mixer c combination drying fine coal 5 out and high-temperature semi-coke.In the process that the dry fine coal 5 of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer d, continuous change radial flow direction, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer d, and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat transfer process in the ventilative recuperation layer d of high temperature and composite grain, the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor a is made to remain on a steady state, the not fluctuation because of technique change.
(5) pyrolytic reaction terminates the semicoke temperature of rear generation between 450 DEG C, discharge port via the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a is discharged, wherein a part of hot semicoke enters multiple tube screwed feeding machine e, is admitted to heat pipe semicoke water cooler f, delivers to storage coke installation and store after being cooled to 60 DEG C.Another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device g through pipeline.
(6) the hot semicoke entering tobacco pipe type material returning device g rests between outer cylinder body g2 and guide shell g1, under returning charge air 2 acts on, hot semicoke particle expands, upwards flow toward the indentation, there between outer cylinder body g2 and guide shell g1, and then entered combustion rise pipe h by air lift air 1 lifting come in guide shell g1 from bottom to top.
(7) the hot semicoke in combustion rise pipe h, returning charge air, air lift air is converged to, while gravity castering action is carried out to hot semicoke, oxygen components effect generating portion in the carbon component of hot semicoke and air is burnt, the heat that burning produces is by semicoke particle and gas absorption, form the heat smoke of high-temperature semi-coke and high temperature, its temperature controls at 750 DEG C.High-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke carry out first time and are separated after entering simple separation device i, the high-temperature semi-coke separated, after the L-type high-temperature semi-coke controller o adjust flux bottom simple separation device i, enters cyclone mixer i as solid thermal carriers.The heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator j do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust 3 trap, through cooling process after storage.Heat smoke discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke 4.
(8) enter box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k from the pyrolysis oil gas collector b pyrolysis oil gas out at pyrolysis reactor a top, under the dustproof function of multicyclone k, pyrolysis oil gas is purified.A pyrolysis oil gas part after purification conduct conveying and gaseous heat-carrier after high-temperature centrifugal fan l pressurizes; Part carrying device, adopts the processing method known lower the temperature to its pyrolysis oil gas 7 of 400 DEG C and reclaim coal tar process.
Embodiment 3
Select From Shenmu Coal, carry out the 0.2 ~ 8mm processed through Vibratingfluidbeddrier, the dry fine coal 5 of 140 DEG C as raw material, and is sent in dried feed coal bunker m.Dry fine coal 5 in dried feed coal bunker m enters in L-type dried feed coal control valve n from bottom discharge mouth, converge with at 450 DEG C of pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment dried feed coal 5 of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.The high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device i enters in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve o from bottom discharge mouth, converge with the pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment high-temperature semi-coke of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.Dry fine coal 5, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke mix, conduct heat and pyrolysis in cyclone mixer c.Composite grain is drained into the conversion zone a2 of pyrolysis reactor a by the drainage conduit c8 that composite grain is finally distributed by tremie pipe c7 surrounding.Gas in cyclone mixer c is discharged by vapor pipe c3, and under the effect of distribution cap c4 by air dispersion to pyrolysis reactor a inwall surrounding.In the process that the dry fine coal 5 of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer d, continuous change radial flow state, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer d, and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat transfer process in the ventilative recuperation layer d of high temperature and composite grain, makes the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor a remain on 500 DEG C.The hot semicoke that pyrolysis produces finally is discharged via the discharge port of the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a, and wherein a part of hot semicoke enters multiple tube screwed feeding machine e, sends into heat pipe semicoke water cooler f, delivers to storage coke installation and store after being cooled to 40 DEG C.Another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device g through pipeline, is promoted enter combustion rise pipe h by the air lift air 1 come from bottom to top in guide shell g1.In combustion rise pipe h, carry out combustion heating and promote the high-temperature semi-coke of generation 800 DEG C and the heat smoke of high temperature.High-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke are separated after entering simple separation device i, the high-temperature semi-coke separated, and enter cyclone mixer c as solid thermal carriers.The heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator j do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust 3 trap, through cooling process after storage.Heat smoke discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke 4.Enter box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k from the pyrolysis oil gas collector b pyrolysis oil gas out at pyrolysis reactor a top, under the dustproof function of multicyclone k, pyrolysis oil gas is purified.A pyrolysis oil gas part after purification conduct conveying gas and gaseous heat-carrier after high-temperature centrifugal fan l pressurizes; Part carrying device, adopts the processing method known lower the temperature to its pyrolysis oil gas 7 of 450 DEG C and reclaim coal tar process.
Embodiment 4
Select Fugu coal, carry out the 0.2 ~ 8mm processed through whirlwind well heater, the dry fine coal 5 of 135 DEG C as raw material, and is sent in dried feed coal bunker m.Dry fine coal 5 in dried feed coal bunker m enters in L-type dried feed coal control valve n from bottom discharge mouth, converge with at 510 DEG C of pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment dried feed coal 5 of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.The high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device i enters in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve o from bottom discharge mouth, converge with the pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment high-temperature semi-coke of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.Dry fine coal 5, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke mix, conduct heat and pyrolysis in cyclone mixer c.Composite grain is drained into the conversion zone a2 of pyrolysis reactor a by the drainage conduit c8 that composite grain is finally distributed by tremie pipe c7 surrounding.Gas in cyclone mixer c is discharged by vapor pipe c3, and under the effect of distribution cap c4 by air dispersion to pyrolysis reactor a inwall surrounding.In the process that the dry fine coal 5 of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer d, continuous change radial flow state, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer d, and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat transfer process in the ventilative recuperation layer d of high temperature and composite grain, makes the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor a remain on 550 DEG C.The hot semicoke that pyrolysis produces finally is discharged via the discharge port of the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a, and wherein a part of hot semicoke enters multiple tube screwed feeding machine e, sends into heat pipe semicoke water cooler f, delivers to storage coke installation and store after being cooled to 35 DEG C.Another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device g through pipeline, is promoted enter combustion rise pipe h by the air lift air 1 come from bottom to top in guide shell g1.In combustion rise pipe h, carry out combustion heating and promote the high-temperature semi-coke of generation 820 DEG C and the heat smoke of high temperature.High-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke are separated after entering simple separation device i, the high-temperature semi-coke separated, and enter cyclone mixer c as solid thermal carriers.The heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator j do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust 3 trap, through cooling process after storage.Heat smoke discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke 4.Enter box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k from the pyrolysis oil gas collector b pyrolysis oil gas out at pyrolysis reactor a top, under the dustproof function of multicyclone k, pyrolysis oil gas is purified.A pyrolysis oil gas part after purification conduct conveying gas and gaseous heat-carrier after high-temperature centrifugal fan l pressurizes; Part carrying device, adopts the processing method known lower the temperature to its pyrolysis oil gas 7 of 510 DEG C and reclaim coal tar process.
Embodiment 5
Select Hengshan Mountain coal, carry out the 0.2 ~ 8mm processed through whirlwind well heater, the dry fine coal 5 of 150 DEG C as raw material, and is sent in dried feed coal bunker m.Dry fine coal 5 in dried feed coal bunker m enters in L-type dried feed coal control valve n from bottom discharge mouth, converge with at 560 DEG C of pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment dried feed coal 5 of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.The high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device i enters in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve o from bottom discharge mouth, converge with the pyrolysis oil gas from high-temperature centrifugal fan l, with the flow of the uninterrupted adjustment high-temperature semi-coke of pyrolysis oil gas, and enter in the cyclone mixer c in the middle part of interior plant pyrolysis reactor a.Dry fine coal 5, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke mix, conduct heat and pyrolysis in cyclone mixer c.Composite grain is drained into the conversion zone a2 of pyrolysis reactor a by the drainage conduit c8 that composite grain is finally distributed by tremie pipe c7 surrounding.Gas in cyclone mixer c is discharged by vapor pipe c3, and under the effect of distribution cap c4 by air dispersion to pyrolysis reactor a inwall surrounding.In the process that the dry fine coal 5 of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer d, continuous change radial flow state, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer d, and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat transfer process in the ventilative recuperation layer d of high temperature and composite grain, makes the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor a remain on 600 DEG C.The hot semicoke that pyrolysis produces finally is discharged via the discharge port of the bottom of pyrolysis reactor a, and wherein a part of hot semicoke enters multiple tube screwed feeding machine e, sends into heat pipe semicoke water cooler f, delivers to storage coke installation and store after being cooled to 48 DEG C.Another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device g through pipeline, is promoted enter combustion rise pipe h by the air lift air 1 come from bottom to top in guide shell g1.In combustion rise pipe h, carry out combustion heating and promote the high-temperature semi-coke of generation 790 DEG C and the heat smoke of high temperature.High-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke are separated after entering simple separation device i, the high-temperature semi-coke separated, and enter cyclone mixer c as solid thermal carriers.The heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator j do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust 3 trap, through cooling process after storage.Heat smoke discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k, and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke 4.Enter box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector k from the pyrolysis oil gas collector b pyrolysis oil gas out at pyrolysis reactor a top, under the dustproof function of multicyclone k, pyrolysis oil gas is purified.A pyrolysis oil gas part after purification conduct conveying gas and gaseous heat-carrier after high-temperature centrifugal fan l pressurizes; Part carrying device, adopts the processing method known lower the temperature to its pyrolysis oil gas 7 of 560 DEG C and reclaim coal tar process.
Table 1 pyrolysis material coal property list
Table 2 product (coal tar, semicoke and coal gas) character
Raw materials used coal character of the present invention is in Table.
Pyrolysis product of the present invention (coal tar, semicoke and coal gas) character is in table 2.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier, it is characterized in that, comprise the pyrolysis reactor (a) of dried feed coal bunker (m) and reducing, the top exit of described pyrolysis reactor (a) is provided with pyrolysis oil gas collector (b), cyclone mixer (c) is kept in middle part, bottom is provided with ventilative recuperation layer (d), bottom is provided with two hot semicoke outlets, hot semicoke is discharged by an outlet, another outlet connects the entrance of tobacco pipe type material returning device (g) by pipeline, the outlet of tobacco pipe type material returning device (g) connects combustion rise pipe (h), the import of simple separation device (i) is connected to behind bending 90 degree of the upper horizontal direction of combustion rise pipe (h), the outlet at bottom of simple separation device (i) is provided with L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve, dried feed coal bunker (m) bottom is provided with L-type dried feed coal control valve (n), the outlet of L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve and the outlet of L-type dried feed coal control valve enter from the cylinder lateral wall of pyrolysis reactor (a) respectively and are connected with two of cyclone mixer (c) entrances, the outlet (i) of simple separation device is connected with the entrance of cyclonic separator (j), the outlet of cyclonic separator (j) is connected with the entrance of the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector (k), pyrolysis oil gas collector (b) that pyrolysis reactor (a) top is arranged is connected with the oil gas inlet manifold case of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector (k), the outlet of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector (k) is connected with high-temperature centrifugal fan (1), high-temperature centrifugal fan (1) outlet is connected with L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve with L-type dried feed coal control valve respectively.
2. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this device also comprises multiple tube screwed feeding machine (e) and heat pipe semicoke water cooler (f), a hot semicoke outlet of pyrolysis reactor (a) bottom is connected with multiple tube screwed feeding machine (e), and multiple tube screwed feeding machine (e) is connected with heat pipe semicoke water cooler (f).
3. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pyrolysis reactor epimere of described reducing is expanding reach (a1), hypomere is conversion zone (a2), expanding reach diameter (A-d1) is 1.1 ~ 1.8 times of conversion zone diameter (A-d2), 0.75 ~ 1.12 times that the pyrolysis reactor expanding reach height (A-h1) of reducing is conversion zone height (A-h2); The base plate (b1) that described pyrolysis oil gas collector comprises cylindrical shape and the blinds (b2) be arranged on base plate (b1), the tangent line angle of the base plate cylindrical of louvres and pyrolysis oil gas collector is 30 ~ 65 degree.
4. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pyrolysis reactor expanding reach diameter of described reducing is 1.2 ~ 1.6 times of conversion zone diameter, and expanding reach height is 0.8 ~ 1.0 times of conversion zone height; The tangent line angle of the base plate cylindrical of louvres and pyrolysis oil gas collector is 35 ~ 45 degree.
5. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cyclone mixer (c) comprises cylindrical shell (c5) and the cone (c6) of cylinder shape, cylindrical shell (c5) below of cylinder shape is connected with cone (c6), the tangential place on cylindrical shell top respectively opposed be provided with two be tilted under feed-pipe (c1), cylindrical shell top is provided with vapor pipe (c3), exhaust outlet correspondence is provided with distribution cap (c4), cone (c6) bottom is provided with tremie pipe (c7), the cylindrical shell arranged outside of tremie pipe (c7) has the drainage conduit (c8) of two groups of totally 8 identical inclination angle different lengthss, the end of drainage conduit (c8) is provided with flutter valve (c9), cone (c6) height is 1.2 ~ 2.7 times of cylindrical shell (c5) height.
6. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tobacco pipe type material returning device comprises the outer cylinder body (g2) of cylinder shape, outer cylinder body (g2) inside is provided with columniform guide shell (g1), the height of guide shell (g1) lower than outer cylinder body (g2) highly, guide shell (g1) bottom connects returning charge blast main (g7), pore is provided with bottom returning charge blast main, be provided with for carrying out the base plate (g6) sealed between guide shell (g1) and outer cylinder body (g2), outer cylinder body sidepiece surface thereof is provided with solid material feeder pipe (g4), the upper end of outer cylinder body (g2) is provided with a conical head (g3), conical head (g3) top connects combustion rise pipe.
7. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described simple separation device comprises cylindrical tube, head slab shape end socket and bottom pyramidal end socket, described cylindrical tube, head slab shape end socket and bottom pyramidal end socket are sealed to form, the tangential level connection joint of cylindrical tube has the feed-pipe of cyclone mixer, the centre of head slab shape end socket is provided with gaseous phase outlet, this gaseous phase outlet is connected with cyclonic separator, and bottom pyramidal end socket connects L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve;
Described combustion rise pipe (h) is made up of outer field stainless steel basic unit and inner ceramic wearing coat.
8. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ventilative recuperation layer comprises the heavy wall concentric reducer that multilayer is arranged;
Described box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector are square-box-shaped structure, comprise casing, box house staggered floor Heterogeneous Permutation has multiple cyclonic separator, the outlet of each cyclonic separator is all provided with trip valve, box house is tiltedly installed with dividing plate, casing is divided into two portions by this dividing plate, and a part is the pyrolysis oil gas inlet manifold case of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector, and a part is the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector;
Described heat pipe semicoke water cooler comprises casing (f2), the top of described casing (f2) is provided with long strip type opening for feed, this opening for feed connects with multiple tube screwed feeding machine (e) with multiple outlet, casing (f2) inside is provided with multiple heat pipes (f7) that S type is arranged, the bottom of heat pipe (f7) is filling pipe end, top is water return outlet, heat pipe (f7) is through the corresponding casing (f2) arranged, heat pipe part is made to be placed in casing outside, outside heat pipe surface arranges radiating fin (f6), be placed in 0.6 ~ 1.5 times that outside heat pipe total length is inner heat pipe.
9. the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis device of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described cyclonic separator number is 20 ~ 1000;
The specification of described concentric reducer has 100 × 80,125 × 80,150 × 100,200 × 150, and 250 × 200,300 × 200,300 × 250,350 × 200,350 × 250; Described ventilative recuperation layer comprises 6 ~ 25 layers of heavy wall concentric reducer arranged;
Described is placed in 0.8 ~ 1.2 times that outside heat pipe total length is inner heat pipe.
10., based on the quick pulverized coal pyrolysis technique of gas-solid mixing thermal barrier of device described in claim 1 ~ 9, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) be 0.2 ~ 8mm by dried particle diameter, temperature is that the dried feed coal (5) of 130 ~ 150 DEG C is sent in dried feed coal bunker (m), dry fine coal in dried feed coal bunker (m) enters from bottom discharge mouth the pyrolysis oil gas being 400 ~ 600 DEG C with the temperature from high-temperature centrifugal fan (l) in L-type dried feed coal control valve and converges, and enter in built-in cyclone mixer in the middle part of pyrolysis reactor, and adjust the flow of dried feed coal (5) with the uninterrupted of pyrolysis oil gas;
(2) high-temperature semi-coke come from simple separation device (i) enters from bottom discharge mouth the pyrolysis oil gas being 400 ~ 600 DEG C with the temperature from high-temperature centrifugal fan (l) in L-type high-temperature semi-coke control valve (o) and converges, under the impellent effect of pyrolysis oil gas, enter in the cyclone mixer (c) at interior plant pyrolysis reactor (a) middle part, and adjust the flow of high-temperature semi-coke with the uninterrupted of pyrolysis oil gas;
(3) from the dry fine coal (5) that the cylindrical shell (c5) of cyclone mixer (c) tangentially enters, pyrolysis oil gas and high-temperature semi-coke, in Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid produces strong rotation under the guide functions of cylindrical shell (c5) inwall of cyclone mixer (c), and move downward in process in volution, dry fine coal (5) mixes rapidly with high-temperature semi-coke, and there is heat transfer and pyrolysis, mixed solid particulate is thrown toward wall under centrifugal action, and under gravity, inwall along cylindrical shell (c5) falls to tremie pipe (c7), composite grain is drained into the conversion zone (a2) of pyrolysis reactor (a) by the drainage conduit (c8) distributed by tremie pipe (c7) surrounding, the air-flow rotated shrinks to center flow under the effect of contraction of cone (c6), and upwards formation secondary vortex flow is discharged through vapor pipe (c3), discharge air-flow is made to be dispersed to pyrolysis reactor (a) inwall surrounding by distribution cap (c4),
(4) heat transfer and pyrolysis is proceeded, until heat transfer or pyrolysis terminate from the drainage conduit (c8) of cyclone mixer (c) combination drying fine coal (5) out and high-temperature semi-coke; In the process that the dry fine coal (5) of mixing and high-temperature semi-coke move down under the effect of ventilative recuperation layer (d), continuous change radial flow direction, the gas carried secretly in particle or pyrolysis produces is discharged from the space of ventilative recuperation layer (d), and in the process of flowing, also constantly there is heat trnasfer in ventilative recuperation layer (d) and the composite grain of high temperature, the temperature in overall pyrolysis reactor (a) is made to remain on a steady state, the not fluctuation because of technique change;
(5) pyrolytic reaction terminates the semicoke temperature of rear generation between 450 ~ 650 DEG C, discharge port via the bottom of pyrolysis reactor (a) is discharged, deliver to storage coke installation after wherein a part of hot semicoke is cooled to 35 ~ 65 DEG C to store, another part slips to tobacco pipe type material returning device (g) through pipeline;
(6) the hot semicoke entering tobacco pipe type material returning device (g) rests between outer cylinder body (g2) and guide shell (g1), under returning charge air (2) effect, hot semicoke particle expands, upwards flow toward the indentation, there between outer cylinder body (g2) and guide shell (g1), and then entered combustion rise pipe (h) by air lift air (1) lifting come in guide shell (g1) from bottom to top;
(7) the hot semicoke in combustion rise pipe (h), returning charge air, air lift air is converged to, while gravity castering action is carried out to hot semicoke, oxygen components effect generating portion in the carbon component of hot semicoke and air is burnt, the heat that burning produces is by semicoke particle and gas absorption, and formation temperature is the high-temperature semi-coke of 750 ~ 820 DEG C and the heat smoke of high temperature, high-temperature semi-coke and heat smoke enter and to carry out first time after simple separation device (i) and be separated, the high-temperature semi-coke separated is after L-type high-temperature semi-coke controller (o) adjust flux of simple separation device (i) bottom, enter cyclone mixer (i) as solid thermal carriers, the heat smoke separated be entrained with powdery semi-coke powder enter cyclonic separator (j) do further whirlwind trapping, the semicoke dust (3) trapped, store after cooling process, heat smoke is discharger after the thermal insulation layer of box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector (k), and by the heat recuperation process of heat smoke (4),
(8) box-type multi-tube tornado dust collector (k) is entered from pyrolysis oil gas collector (b) pyrolysis oil gas out, under the dustproof function of multicyclone (k), pyrolysis oil gas is purified, obtaining temperature is pyrolysis oil gas after the purification of 400 ~ 600 DEG C, the pyrolysis oil gas part after purification after high-temperature centrifugal fan (l) pressurization as carrying and gaseous heat-carrier; Part carrying device.
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