CN105505421B

CN105505421B - A kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system and method for destructive distillation

Info

Publication number: CN105505421B
Application number: CN201610021662.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王崇峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-01-14
Filing date: 2016-01-14
Publication date: 2017-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2036-01-14
Also published as: CN105505421A

Abstract

The present invention proposes that a kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system and method for destructive distillation, distillation system includes hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in hot destructive distillation device and low temperature outside low temperature in spiral pusher, spiral pusher destructive distillation room in spiral pusher outside low temperature in hot destructive distillation device is arranged in its combustion chamber, and the combustion product gases in combustion chamber are recycled in cylinder of rotary kiln, the solid material of cylinder of rotary kiln is provided to spiral pusher destructive distillation room.The present invention is pioneering to be divided into two sections or multistage by temperature by the dry distillation of coal and is organically combined using internal heat type rotary kiln and external-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device to realize destructive distillation, dust removal of pneumatic separation, preheating and drying and dewater treatment are carried out to raw coal using rotary kiln, the precipitation of efficient middle low temperature distillation process and its high heating value raw coke oven gas and tar product is realized using external-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device, the advantages of fully combining inside and outside hot distillation apparatus, it is wide that dry distillation efficiency, efficiency of utilization and destructive distillation product quality, market promotion prospect are substantially increased with new way.

Description

A kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system and method for destructive distillation

Technical field

The invention belongs to pyrolysis of coal retorting technique field, and in particular to a kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system and destructive distillation side Method.

Background technology

The pyrolysis of fine coal retorting technique, also referred to as coal carbonization or coal, refer to that coal is added under conditions of air is completely cut off Heat, the burnt oil and gas inside coal is evaporated, obtains tar, coal gas, the process of semi-coke.The technology results from 19 generation earliest Record, originating from Germany, be mainly used in producing coal tar at the beginning of invention, be also used for producing hard coke charcoal and fuel gas, due to this The energy conversion rate of technology is very high, is considered the third coal conversion skill arranged side by side with coal gasification, coal liquefaction both at home and abroad always Art, and the developing direction of clean coal utilization, meet national energy policy.

Large-scale coalfield is continuously found that on the Yulin in China, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang and other places.These coalfields mainly with Based on the low-order coal of high volatile, coal resources in China reserves more than 50% are accounted for.The volatility group of lignite and jet coal therein Divide and account for more than the 37% of raw coal dry weight, volatile component accounts for the 20%~37% of raw coal dry weight in dross coal and weakly caking coal.These Reserves of the coal in coal resources in China are larger, have that moisture is big, caloric value is low, chemical reactivity is good, the inflammable spy such as frangible Point, it is unfavorable for directly burning and transport, and the thermal efficiency directly to burn is relatively low, and greenhouse gas emissions are big, and carbonization It is the good method that these lower quality coals are carried out with upgrading.

The exploitation of domestic pyrolysis of coal new technology was also very active in recent years, and also the scale to pyrolysis of coal, Poly-generation provide Technical condition.For example Zhejiang University just proposed the imagination of thermoelectricity gas multi-production process early in 1987, and state is applied for Family's patent of invention (patent No. 92100505.2, circulating fluidized bed heat-power-gas-tar multi-joint-production apparatus exploitation》, Dalian University of Technology In recent years hot solid carrier devolatilization new technology is being developed always, has completed the laboratory experiments of a variety of oil shales, lignite.

But with regard to current present situation in general, domestic coal carbonization industrialization is also in the starting stage, mostly using upright Square lump coal pyrolysis oven, in retort process there is it is more serious the problem of, such as raw coke oven gas calorific value is low, normal caused by destructive distillation Pressure or pressure-fired are common problem be present.Current dry distillation of coal industrial technology common problem be do not take into full account and profit Divide temperature weight-loss with during pyrolysis of coal, that is, do not organically combine the pyrolysis characteristicses in coal different temperatures stage Come, even if being disposed with the pyrolysis installation of different phase, but be substantially work independent of one another, do not realize heat, raw material And the combination of product, while can not accomplish each stage thermal decomposition product being collected respectively, can not more obtain calorific value compared with High tar and raw coke oven gas, thus design it is a kind of can realize raw coal from room temperature to medium temperature heating process in efficient destructive distillation system System, for promoting former coal carbonization industrialization significant.What the current domestic dry distillation of coal had industrial advantages simultaneously is to be based on The dry distillation of coal technology of external-heat, and the subject matter for influenceing external-heat dry distillation of coal efficiency is that wherein the propulsion mode of coal and heating are imitated Rate, in the current external-heat dry distillation of coal equipment raw coal propulsion mode using it is more be the gravity based on upright furnace promote, crawler belt it is defeated Propulsion, shaft is sent to roll propulsion etc., these raw coal propulsion modes have larger industrialization defect in actual use, simultaneously Exothermic heating efficiency is difficult to be improved always, and these limit former coal carbonization commercial application to a certain extent.

The content of the invention

The present invention is based on above-mentioned prior art problem, and innovation first proposes that a kind of temperature section of pressing carries out the dry distillation of coal（Referred to as " coal temperature divides destructive distillation "）Temperature divide retorting technique, and in particular to a kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system and method for destructive distillation, creates first It is new that the dry distillation of coal is divided into two sections or multistage by temperature and realizes destructive distillation using distinct device combination, innovate first general Internal heat type rotary kiln and external-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device organically combine, and carry out dust removal of pneumatic separation, pre- to raw coal using rotary kiln Heated drying and dewater treatment, and realize efficient middle low temperature distillation process and Qi Gao using external-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device The precipitation of calorific value raw coke oven gas and tar product, that innovates first is introduced into combustion product gases in helix transporting device and reality in rotary kiln The efficient circulation of existing heat energy utilizes, and that innovates first collects raw coke oven gas by different temperatures, realizes original first with whole set of system Coal splits retorting technique from room temperature to the temperature in medium temperature heating process, while solves well in existing dry distillation of coal technology Raw coal promotes problem, and substantially increases the destructive distillation efficiency of heating surface and efficiency of utilization, whole retort process with brand-new mode of heating It is heated evenly with coal, retorting time is short, the efficiency of heating surface is high, tar yield is high, raw coke oven gas Fractional Collections utilizes, screw propulsion dress The particular advantages such as dust content of gas is low, economic well-being of workers and staff is good are put, while whole temperature divides distillation system easily to realize, be simple to operate, city Field promotion prospect is wide.

It is as follows that the present invention solves the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem is taken：

A kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system, including：It is hot in hot destructive distillation device 100 and low temperature outside low temperature in spiral pusher Rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200, hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 includes cylinder of rotary kiln 201, revolving support seat in the low temperature 202 and rotary kiln drive device 205, the rotary kiln drive device 205 drives the cylinder of rotary kiln 201 in the revolution branch Support seat 202 on rotated, on the cylinder of rotary kiln 201 formed with rotary kiln charging aperture 203, rotary kiln air exit 204, Rotary kiln discharging opening 206 and rotary kiln gas approach 207, hot destructive distillation device 100 includes outside low temperature in the spiral pusher：Burning Room 101, spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, helix transporting device, cracking gas collection device and spiral pusher drive device 106, it is described Cracking gas collection device is connected with the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, the heated parts office of the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 In in the combustion chamber 101, the helix transporting device is arranged in the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, the spiral pusher Drive device drives the helix transporting device to be rotated in the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, and the combustion chamber 101 is logical Pipeline is crossed with the cylinder of rotary kiln 201 to be connected, formed with charging aperture and discharging opening on the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, The rotary kiln discharging opening 206 of the cylinder of rotary kiln 201 is connected to the charging aperture of the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein heat revolution kiln drying in the low temperature Distillation unit 200 also includes interior heat smoke supply pipe 209, and one end of the interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 is connected to the revolution Kiln gas approach 207, is provided with discharge flue 105 in the helix transporting device, the gas approach of the discharge flue 105 with The combustion chamber 101 connects, and the exhanst gas outlet of the discharge flue 105 is connected to the another of the interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 Hold, the combustion product gases in the combustion chamber 101 are expelled to described return through the discharge flue 105 and interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 In rotary kiln cylinder 201；The rotary kiln charging aperture 203 and rotary kiln air exit 204 are formed at the cylinder of rotary kiln 201 One end, the rotary kiln discharging opening 206 and rotary kiln gas approach 207 are formed at the other end of the cylinder of rotary kiln 201.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein the cracking gas collection device bag Cracking gas collecting chamber 109 and cracking gas collecting pipe 111 are included, the cracking gas collecting chamber 109 is formed at the spiral pusher destructive distillation In the outside wall surface of room 102, and connected with the spiral pusher destructive distillation room, the cracking gas collecting chamber 109 and the spiral pusher Destructive distillation room 102 is in the combustion chamber 101, and the combustion chamber 101 is formed as the heating space of sealing, and the cracking gas is collected One end of pipe 111 is communicated in the cracking gas collecting chamber 109, and the other end of the cracking gas collecting pipe 111 stretches out in the combustion Burn outside room 101.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein in the spiral pusher outside low temperature Hot destructive distillation device 100 also includes bearing support block, and the rear and front end of the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 is individually fixed in described The rear and front end face of combustion chamber, and the heating of sealing is formed between the outer wall of spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 and the inwall of combustion chamber Space, the helix transporting device include rotary shaft 103 and helical blade 104, and the helical blade 104 is in spiral pusher destructive distillation It is arranged inside room 102 in the rotary shaft 103, and spiral is axially formed in spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 along rotary shaft 103 Passage, the both ends of the rotary shaft 103 are stretched out in outside the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 and combustion chamber 101, and the spiral pushes away Rotational sealing structure is formed between the both ends port of material destructive distillation room 102 and the rotary shaft, the both ends of the rotary shaft 103 are being fired Outdoor to be burnt to be supported on the bearing support block, the spiral pusher drive device is connected in the end of the rotary shaft, The discharge flue 105 is arranged in the rotary shaft and is isolated with the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, the combustion chamber 101 are connected by flue gas guide wire 112 with the discharge flue 105.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein before the bearing support block includes Bearing support block 107 and rear bearing support block 108, the front end of the rotary shaft 103 combustion chamber front rolling support in institute State on fore bearing support base 107, the rear end of the rotary shaft 103 combustion chamber rear rolling support after described bearings On seat 108, the spiral pusher drive device 106 is connected in the rear end of the rotary shaft 103, the fore bearing support base Preceding hubcap 113 is connected with 107, rear hubcap 119, the discharge flue 105 are connected with the rear bearing support block 108 For penetrating hollow channel before and after being formed along the central axis of the rotary shaft, the flue gas guide wire 112 is by before described The gas approach of the discharge flue 105 of the connection of hubcap 113 in rotary shaft front end, the interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 Pass through the exhanst gas outlet of the rear discharge flue 105 of the connection of hubcap 119 in rotary shaft rear end.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein also include fuel supply room, Fuel supply pipe, feeding warehouse 114 and discharging bin 115, the fuel supply room are connected to institute by the fuel supply pipe Combustion chamber 101 is stated, and the combustion chamber is provided with igniter 116 in the position of connection fuel supply pipe；The spiral pusher The charging aperture is opened up at the top of destructive distillation room, one end of the feeding warehouse 114 is connected to the charging aperture, the feeding warehouse 114 The other end stretch out in outside the combustion chamber 101 and be connected to the revolution in the low temperature in hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 Kiln discharging opening 206, the bottom of the spiral pusher destructive distillation room open up the discharging opening, and one end of the discharging bin 115 is connected to The discharging opening, the other end of the discharging bin 115 are stretched out in outside the combustion chamber 101.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein in the spiral pusher outside low temperature Spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 in hot destructive distillation device 100 includes destructive distillation room 5 under destructive distillation room 4 on spiral pusher and spiral pusher, institute State on spiral pusher that destructive distillation room 5 is arranged side by side in the combustion chamber under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher, done on the spiral pusher Evaporate and be interconnected under room 4 and spiral pusher between destructive distillation room 5 by material connecting leg 13, destructive distillation room 4 and spiral on spiral pusher The helix transporting device is provided with pusher in destructive distillation room 5, the destructive distillation room under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher on spiral pusher The cracking gas collection device is provided with outside 5.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher 4 and spiral pusher under being arranged side by side of being parallel to each other in the combustion chamber of destructive distillation room 5, and destructive distillation room 4 is relative on spiral pusher Destructive distillation room 5 is closer to the top surface of combustion chamber under spiral pusher, destructive distillation under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher on the spiral pusher Room 5 is respectively provided with cylinder-like structure, and charging aperture is offered upwards at the top of the cylinder side wall of the front end of destructive distillation room 4 on the spiral pusher, The cylinder side wall bottom of the front end of destructive distillation room 4 offers downwards discharging opening under the spiral pusher, destructive distillation room 4 on the spiral pusher With offer connected entrance under spiral pusher on the cylinder side wall of the rear end of destructive distillation room 5, the front and back end portses difference of the material connecting leg 13 It is connected to the connected entrance of destructive distillation room 5 under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher on spiral pusher, and the bottom surface of material connecting leg 13 is simultaneously and spiral shell It is tangent to revolve the cylinder bottom surface of destructive distillation room 5 under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher in pusher, destructive distillation room 4 and spiral on the spiral pusher The coal charge screw propulsion of helix transporting device 9 under pusher in destructive distillation room 5 is in opposite direction.

Further divide distillation system according to middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention, wherein also including heat revolution in medium temperature Kiln drying distillation unit 300, hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 includes cylinder of rotary kiln 301, the and of revolving support seat 302 in the medium temperature Rotary kiln drive device 305, the rotary kiln drive device 305 drive the cylinder of rotary kiln 301 in the revolving support seat Rotated on 302, formed with rotary kiln charging aperture 303, rotary kiln air exit 304, revolution on the cylinder of rotary kiln 301 Kiln discharging opening 306 and rotary kiln gas approach 307, the rotary kiln charging aperture 303 are connected in the spiral pusher outside low temperature The discharging opening of spiral pusher destructive distillation room in hot destructive distillation device 100, the rotary kiln gas approach 307 be connected to independent thermal source or Combustion chamber outside low temperature in hot destructive distillation device 100 is connected in spiral pusher by pipeline.

A kind of middle low temperature coal temperature for dividing distillation system to carry out based on middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention divides method for destructive distillation, including Following steps：

1）, raw coal enter cylinder of rotary kiln through the rotary kiln charging aperture 203 in hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 in low temperature In 201；

2）, combustion product gases outside low temperature in spiral pusher in hot destructive distillation device 100 are by the original in cylinder of rotary kiln 201 Coal is heated to 380 DEG C from room temperature, and raw coal is carried out internal heating low-temperature cracking in the temperature range, by low temperature distillation to raw coal It is dehydrated, dried, dedusting, preheating and part destructive distillation processing, destructive distillation gaseous products and dust therein is via revolution kiln exhaust gas The discharge of outlet 204, solid product therein provide into spiral pusher hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature through rotary kiln discharging opening 206 In spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 in 100；

3）, into the coal charge in spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 during being promoted along spiral path, by combustion chamber The conduction heating effect of combustion product gases, and hanker low temperature distillation outside progress within the temperature range of 380 DEG C to 550 DEG C, generation Destructive distillation gaseous products are collected via cracking gas collection device, and the destructive distillation solid product of generation discharges via discharging bin；

4）, combustion product gases in spiral pusher outside low temperature in hot destructive distillation device 100 in combustion chamber are to spiral pusher destructive distillation Room 102 carries out heating Posterior circle and is output in the cylinder of rotary kiln in low temperature in hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200.

3）, into the coal charge in spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 during being promoted along spiral path, by combustion chamber The conduction heating effect of combustion product gases, and hanker low temperature distillation outside progress within the temperature range of 380 DEG C to 550 DEG C, generation Destructive distillation gaseous products are collected via cracking gas collection device, and the destructive distillation solid product of generation is provided to medium temperature through discharging opening In the cylinder of rotary kiln of hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300；

4）, combustion product gases in spiral pusher outside low temperature in hot destructive distillation device 100 in combustion chamber are to spiral pusher destructive distillation Room 102 carries out heating Posterior circle and is output in the cylinder of rotary kiln in low temperature in hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200；

5）, further exist into the destructive distillation solid product in medium temperature in the cylinder of rotary kiln of hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 Hot medium temperature carbonization in being carried out within the temperature range of 550 DEG C to 700 DEG C, the destructive distillation gaseous products of generation are via rotary kiln air exit 304 outputs, the destructive distillation solid product of generation export via rotary kiln discharging opening 306.

Technical scheme has following technology original creation and technique effect：

1）, the present invention is pioneering utilize raw coal pyrolysis characteristicses, by fine coal according to the triphasic temperature of pyrolysis characteristicses curve progress Split destructive distillation（Pyrolysis of coal temperature divides retorting technique）：First stage is the fine coal low temperature distillation stage, and pyrolysis temperature is heated to by normal temperature Second pyrolysis weight loss peak initial temperature, general temperature are in normal temperature between 380 DEG C, and this section contains preheating and part destructive distillation, this section Gas primary product is CH₄、H₂O、N₂、CO₂, solid product is the destructive distillation coal through dehydration, dedusting and the pre-heat treatment；Second stage It is the low temperature distillation stage in raw coal, temperature range is the second pyrolysis weight loss peak temperature section, between 380 ~ 550 DEG C of preferable temperature, This section of gaseous product is CH₄、C_mH_n、H₂、CO、CO₂, substantial amounts of tar, solid product is semicoke；Phase III is medium temperature carbonization rank Section, temperature range are that medium temperature is pyrolyzed peak value section, and between 550 DEG C to 700 DEG C of preferable temperature, this section of primary product is CO, CO₂、 H₂, gaseous hydrocarbon and semicoke.

2）, the present invention initiated internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device combination external-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device and realized three The segmentation destructive distillation of individual temperature stage, first stage use external heating type using internal heating type rotary kiln destructive distillation device, second stage Spiral pusher destructive distillation device, phase III use internal heating type rotary kiln destructive distillation device.Based on hot mode in flue gas in rotary kiln The efficient fast dewatering of raw coal is realized in cylinder, while sorting dedusting has been carried out to raw coal using heat smoke, and raw coal is turned Turn to during preheating destructive distillation coal enters in low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device, preheating destructive distillation coal fills into spiral pusher destructive distillation Efficient middle low temperature distillation is wherein being carried out in putting, the tar product of high quality is efficiently separated out, and semicoke may be selected to enter afterwards Next stage internal heating type rotary kiln destructive distillation device carries out medium temperature concentration destructive distillation.Internal heating type is effectively combined by this process to return The advantages of rotary kiln destructive distillation device and external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device, substantially increase raw coal temperature and divide dry distillation efficiency, and in fact The efficient collection of different temperatures stage difference destructive distillation product is showed.

3）, the present invention is pioneering uses same thermal source, the combustion gas heat in spiral pusher destructive distillation device is fully carried out Utilize, first burning directly meets the middle low temperature distillation temperature requirement in spiral pusher destructive distillation device, Ran Houtong in a combustion chamber Cross spiral pusher rotary shaft internal channel to export to low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device, flue-gas temperature is conducted through pipeline to be declined Meet temperature requirement of higher level's rotary kiln destructive distillation device as first stage low temperature distillation just afterwards, burnt in this exterior combustion chamber Flue gas is directly exported to subordinate's rotary kiln destructive distillation device from its burning position, also meets the temperature as phase III medium temperature carbonization Degree requires, substantially increases recycle heat utilization ratio, and then improve raw coal dry distillation efficiency.

4）, the combustion gas in creative utilization rotary kiln of the present invention can take away dust in fine coal, reached the mesh of selection by winnowing , the fine coal after heating again prevent the precipitation of dust when entering external heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device so that spiral pusher Dust content is extremely low in the aborning raw coke oven gas of destructive distillation device, and calorific value is very high, and quality of coke tar is fine.

5）, the present invention is pioneering carries out gas caused by internal heat type rotary kiln and external-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device respectively Collect, the raw coke oven gas of internal heat type rotary kiln contains CH₄And dust, can directly it utilize；External-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device produces Raw raw coke oven gas calorific value is high, and methane and hydrogen content are high, can put forward hydrogen or recycling.

6）, the present invention pioneering spiral pusher destructive distillation device raw coal propulsioning means have been innovated based on screw propulsion material mode, Ensure that raw coal material being slowly advanced in destructive distillation and thermally equivalent, initiate be arranged in parallel in the combustion chamber of sealing two with On destructive distillation room, and innovate destructive distillation room material mode of communicating and it is in parallel under spiral pusher mode, while combustion product gases are drawn Enter in the rotary shaft of helix transporting device, the coal sample in destructive distillation room is heated by way of inside and outside heat transfer, greatly improved The efficiency of heating surface of outer hot destructive distillation, can in addition by setting cracking gas collection device on the destructive distillation chamber outer wall in combustion chamber Oil gas caused by destructive distillation is collected in time, low temperature distillation efficiency in external-heat greatly improved in a novel manner.

7）, the present invention is pioneering utilize pyrolysis of coal characteristic, easy control of temperature, equipment combination is convenient, simple to operate, conveniently in The retorting operation in low temperature each stage, while the spiral pusher destructive distillation device operating condition in the present invention is flexible, the pressure in destructive distillation room Power can carry out flexible modulation, and destructive distillation room may operate in negative pressure or malleation destructive distillation condition, famine can be reduced under positive pressure operation The compression power consumption of coal gas following process, retorting time can be shortened under negative-pressure operation, improve the output capacity of tar, so as to the present invention Described device has stronger industrialization amplification application prospect.

8）, in a word the present invention pass through innovative combination external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device and internal heating type rotary kiln and fill Put, that is, take full advantage of that preheating in rotary kiln is fast, dewatering efficiency is high, dedusting thoroughly particular advantages, recycled spiral again and pushed away Expect the discharged gas fume of destructive distillation device, while screw propulsion mode of the raw coal based on innovation arrangement in spiral pusher destructive distillation device With outer row path of the heat smoke in spiral pusher destructive distillation device, internal heating type rotary kiln device raw coal low temperature is have matched well Low temperature distillation process in the raw coal of retort process and external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device, solves in addition and well dust With the separation problem of tar, the clean and effective for having reached pulverized coal pyrolysis utilizes, and synthesis improves low temperature distillation efficiency in fine coal.

Brief description of the drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is pyrolysis of coal performance diagram；

Accompanying drawing 2 is to divide the structure chart of distillation system as the middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention of the first preferred embodiment；

Accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4 are to divide distillation system as the middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention of the second preferred embodiment Structure chart；

Accompanying drawing 5 is to divide spiral pusher in distillation system as the middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention of the 3rd preferred embodiment The section facing structure figure of hot destructive distillation device outside middle low temperature；

Accompanying drawing 6 is the overlooking structure figure of hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in spiral pusher shown in accompanying drawing 5；

Accompanying drawing 7 is the side block diagram of hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in spiral pusher shown in accompanying drawing 5；

Accompanying drawing 8 is that middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention divides interior hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device cuing open along line A-A in distillation system Face structure chart；

Accompanying drawing 9 is that middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention divides interior hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device cuing open along line B-B in distillation system Face structure chart；

Accompanying drawing 10 is that middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention divides interior hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device cuing open along line D-D in distillation system Face structure chart；

The implication of each reference is as follows in figure：

Hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in 100- spiral pushers, hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in 200-low temperature, in 300- medium temperatures Hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device；

101- combustion chambers, 102- spiral pusher destructive distillation room, 103- rotary shafts, 104- helical blades, 105- discharge flues, 106- spiral pusher drive devices, 107- fore bearing support bases, bearing support block after 108-, 109- cracking gas collecting chambers, 110- Adiabatic wall, 111- cracking gas collecting pipes, 112- flue gas guide wires, hubcap before 113-, 114- feeding warehouses, 115- discharging bins, 116- igniters, 117- gas approach, 118- exhanst gas outlets, hubcap after 119-, 120, the more barrels series connection feed bins of 121-；

201- cylinder of rotary kiln, 202- revolving support seats, 203- rotary kiln charging apertures, 204- rotary kiln air exits, 205- rotary kiln drive devices, 206- rotary kiln discharging openings, 207- rotary kiln gas approach, 208- flue gas blower fans, heat in 209- Flue gas supply pipe；

301- cylinder of rotary kiln, 303- revolving support seats, 303- rotary kiln charging apertures, 304- rotary kiln air exits, 305- rotary kiln drive devices, 306- rotary kiln discharging openings, 307- rotary kiln gas approach, heat smoke supply pipe in 308-；

1- feeding warehouses, 2- cracking gas collecting pipes, 3- combustion chambers, destructive distillation room on 4- spiral pushers, destructive distillation under 5- spiral pushers Room, 6- discharging bins, 7- fore bearing support bases, bearing support block after 8-, 9- helix transporting devices, 10- cracking gas collecting chambers, 11- Spiral pusher drive device, 12- igniters, 13- material connecting legs, 14- adiabatic walls, 15- discharge flues, 16- fuel supply rooms, 17- fuel supply pipe, 18- rotary shafts, 19- helical blades, 20- charging apertures, 21- gas outlets, 22- discharging openings, 23- destructive distillation room Outer wall, 24- flue gas guide wires, 25- exhanst gas outlets, hubcap after 26-, hubcap before 27-.

Embodiment

Technical scheme is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that those skilled in the art can be more Add and be clearly understood from the present invention, but therefore do not limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention summarizes by long-term industrial practice, pioneering based on raw coal pyrolysis characteristicses, by raw coal according to humidity province Between carry out segmentation destructive distillation（Pyrolysis of coal temperature divides retorting technique）, and innovate proposition and can realize that this raw coal pyrolysis temperature divides retorting technique Can Industry Promotion equipment.Accompanying drawing 1 gives the pyrolysis characteristicses curve of certain low-order coal, the pyrolysis change procedure of most coals with The pyrolysis characteristicses curves, it can be seen that during low-order coal is heated to 1000 DEG C by normal temperature, there are three weightless peaks （The wave trough position of lines is surveyed in figure）：First weightless peak is dehydration peak, in 20 ~ 380 DEG C of temperature range, is preferably existed 20-180 DEG C of temperature range is dehydrated；Second weightless peak is middle low temperature pyrogenation peak, in 380 ~ 550 DEG C of temperature range； 3rd weightless peak is that medium temperature is pyrolyzed peak, in 550 ~ 700 DEG C of temperature range.It can be seen that three ranks occur in coal in heating process The weightlessness of section, that is, the pyrogenation and carbonization of three phases occurs：In the first destructive distillation stage, belong to the raw coal low temperature distillation stage, do Evaporate temperature to be heated to by normal temperature near the initial temperature of the second weightless peak, verified with reference to lot of experiments, the temperature in the first destructive distillation stage Scope is spent between 20 ~ 380 DEG C of room temperature, and preferably 20 ~ 320 DEG C, the first destructive distillation stage was mainly used in preheating raw coal, is dehydrated With part destructive distillation, it is seldom to be pyrolyzed the volatile matter of precipitation at this stage, and weightlessness is mainly caused by dehydration, by the stage mainly to original Coal is dehydrated and the pre-heat treatment, and wherein destructive distillation gaseous products are mainly CH₄、H₂O、N₂、CO₂, after solid product mainly preheats Raw coal and small part Pyrolysis Char；In the second destructive distillation stage, belong to the low temperature distillation stage in raw coal, temperature range is second weightless Temperature range where peak, verify that the temperature range in the second destructive distillation stage is between 380 ~ 550 DEG C, the rank with reference to lot of experiments Section is the raw coal weightless larger stage, belongs to the Main Stage of middle low temperature distillation, and coal starts to soften at this stage, and volatile matter is especially It is that tar largely separates out, the gradual retrogradation of solid product, is cured as semicoke, wherein destructive distillation gaseous products is mainly CH₄、C_mH_n、H₂、 CO、CO₂, substantial amounts of tar is sucked out in a gaseous form, and destructive distillation solid product is mainly semicoke；The 3rd destructive distillation stage, in belonging to In the warm destructive distillation stage, corresponding to the 3rd weightless peak, verified with reference to lot of experiments, the temperature range in the 3rd destructive distillation stage at 550 DEG C extremely Between 700 DEG C, preferably between 580 ~ 700 DEG C, more preferably between 600 ~ 700 DEG C, at this stage, tar separates out pole It is few, mainly separate out H₂, the further contracting of semicoke, wherein destructive distillation gaseous products are mainly CO, CO₂、H₂, gaseous hydrocarbon, destructive distillation solid-state production Thing is mainly the semicoke after further concentration.The temperature range in different destructive distillation stages may be slightly overlapping.It is further preferred that Especially for shenfu coal, wherein the temperature range in the first destructive distillation stage is 20 ~ 320 DEG C, dehydration peak temperature is 59.4 DEG C, heat It is 320.0 DEG C to solve starting point temperature；The temperature range in the second destructive distillation stage is 400 ~ 510 DEG C, and destructive distillation peak temperature is 430.7 ℃；The temperature range in the 3rd destructive distillation stage is 600 ~ 700 DEG C, and medium temperature pyrolysis peak temperature is 651.2 DEG C, the pyrolysis at a temperature of this In product, tar content is few, mainly separates out H₂, the further contracting of semicoke.

Coal temperature proposed by the present invention divides distillation system to combine hot destructive distillation device and Nei Re revolution outside spiral pusher by innovation Kiln drying distillation unit, solves the technology of multistage temperature destructive distillation simultaneously, and applicant passes through long-term industrial practice experience, summarizes biography The working characteristics of hot destructive distillation device outside the spiral pusher that system rotary kiln and applicant create certainly, and take into full account above-mentioned pyrolysis of coal process Three stage features, pioneering be combined together hot destructive distillation device outside spiral pusher and Nei Re rotary kiln destructive distillation devices realize Efficient fine coal temperature divides destructive distillation.Basic Innovation Theory is：First destructive distillation stage used low temperature internal heating type rotary kiln Low temperature external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device during device, the second destructive distillation stage use, is turned round by innovative combination internal heating type Kiln device and external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device, realize raw coal efficiently middle low temperature pyrogenation destructive distillation, and raw coal is sent into interior add Heating revolving kiln device, interior mode of heating is based in rotary kiln（The mode of heating that hot blast directly contacts with coal）Can be quickly Raw coal is preheating to the initial temperature in the second destructive distillation stage from normal temperature, while efficient raw coal is realized in interior heating revolving kiln Dehydration so that the coal sample after first stage rotary kiln low temperature distillation can be good at the low temperature suitable for second stage and do Evaporate, while vapor, N in raw coal₂And dust is directly collected from rotary kiln gas outlet so that into the original of next stage Expect to can be good at the heated destructive distillation coal for middle low temperature distillation after removing dust, dehydration, drying process, while in rotary kiln Interior thermal source is directed to external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device China and foreign countries' heat extraction flue gas, not only substantially increases recycle heat Utilization ratio, and the heat smoke arranged outside external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device is when reaching in internal heat type rotary kiln by the road, Its temperature has declined relative to its temperature in spiral pusher destructive distillation device combustion chamber, meets rotary kiln destructive distillation device just As hot temperature requirements in the first destructive distillation stage, the circulating flue gas temperature can make the original in rotary kiln just in rotary kiln Coal is heated to the first pyrolysis temperature section between 20 ~ 380 DEG C, so as to recycle the same of heat extraction flue gas outside the second destructive distillation stage When, realize to hot destructive distillation in the rotary kiln first stage, raw coal dehydration, drying carried out in rotary kiln with higher efficiency, While the heat smoke is arranged in the middle part of through cylinder of rotary kiln to outside rotary kiln air exit simultaneously, fully take away former in rotary kiln Dust in coal, the purpose of dust removal of pneumatic separation is reached, and then the raw coal into spiral pusher destructive distillation device substantially will not There is dust precipitation, so as to which dust content is extremely low in caused raw coke oven gas, tar, calorific value after spiral pusher destructive distillation device destructive distillation It is higher, it ensure that the quality of coke tar largely separated out.And external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device therein is also that applicant initiates A kind of brand new external-heat destructive distillation device, introduce helix transporting device by being innovated in dry distillation of coal device and realize pair The steady propulsion of raw coal, and combustion product gases are substantially increased into the additional thermal efficiency through helix transporting device, especially by wound New multiple spiral pusher destructive distillation rooms in parallel ensure that dry distillation efficiency and yield.Applicant passes through this external heating type spiral shell of innovative combination Pusher destructive distillation device and internal heating type rotary kiln device are revolved, that is, takes full advantage of that preheating in rotary kiln is fast, dewatering efficiency is high, dedusting is thorough The particular advantages at bottom, the discharged gas fume of spiral pusher destructive distillation device has been recycled again, while based on the heat smoke of innovation arrangement Outer row path in spiral pusher destructive distillation device, internal heating type rotary kiln device raw coal low temperature distillation process is have matched well With low temperature distillation process in the raw coal of external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device, middle low temperature distillation efficiency is substantially increased.This hair In the bright medium temperature carbonization stage for further contemplating higher temperature, introduce medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device and carry out the phase III Medium temperature carbonization, the solid product of the external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device of second stage（Semicoke）Export to medium temperature internal heat type Rotary kiln destructive distillation device, then in medium temperature pyrolysis temperature section（It is preferred that 550 DEG C to 700 DEG C）Progress medium temperature pyrolysis, precipitation CO, CO₂With substantial amounts of H₂, gaseous hydrocarbon, and semicoke is further concentrated.The medium temperature carbonization of phase III belongs to be created in the present invention Preferred process on new concept, it is optional when the semicoke after needing centering low temperature distillation carries out further concentration The output end selected in spiral pusher destructive distillation device connects medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device.

Any retorting technique for dividing destructive distillation thinking to realize based on above-mentioned temperature proposed by the present invention belongs to the protection of the present invention Category, realize that the above-mentioned temperature point retort process of the present invention has a variety of preferred embodiments, be given below several as preferred real Concrete composition structure, material transmittance process and the course of work that mode middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention divides destructive distillation device are applied, But the invention is not limited in this, those skilled in the art can set more not equalities of temperature on the basis of the innovation thinking of the present invention The destructive distillation of section and the combination of other equipment are spent, these are belonged within the protection category of the present invention.

First preferred embodiment

As shown in Figure 2, described middle low temperature coal temperature of the invention divides distillation system to include middle low tempexature external heating spiral Pusher destructive distillation device 100 and low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200, the low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 Including cylinder of rotary kiln 201, revolving support seat 202, rotary kiln drive device 205, flue gas blower fan 208 and interior heat smoke supply pipe 209, described cylinder of rotary kiln 201 has cylinder-like structure, space of the cylinder interior as interior hot destructive distillation, in cylinder of rotary kiln 201 rear end face is formed with rotary kiln gas approach 207, and as shown in Figure 7, the cylinder of rotary kiln 201 passes through revolving support 202 rolling supports of seat, as shown in Figure 8, the rotary kiln drive device 205 drive cylinder of rotary kiln 201 in revolving support seat Rotated on 202, so as to which the process rotated in cylinder of rotary kiln is that the stirring for realizing internal coal charge promotes.The rotary kiln cylinder The front end of body 201 offers rotary kiln air exit 204, for the heat smoke in cylinder of rotary kiln and carbonizing gas to be produced Thing, dust discharge, rotary kiln charging aperture 203 are arranged at the front end of cylinder of rotary kiln, and raw coal is entered by rotary kiln charging aperture 203 In cylinder of rotary kiln, rotary kiln discharging opening 206 is offered in the rear end bottom of cylinder of rotary kiln, after preheating in rotary kiln and destructive distillation Solid product discharged through rotary kiln discharging opening 206.The rotary kiln destructive distillation device uses rotary kiln of the prior art, other Emphasis of the specific structural features not as the present invention.To ensure the raw coal of the input of rotary kiln charging aperture 203 through rotary kiln front end Can smoothly carry out the rear end to cylinder of rotary kiln in cylinder of rotary kiln rotation process, the present invention innovate by cylinder of rotary kiln Front end tilt slightly upward（Angle of inclination is between 0-20 °）, heat smoke from rotary kiln rear end enter cylinder in, pushed away with raw coal Enter in the opposite direction with the thermal efficiency in raising, the solid product after cylinder of rotary kiln preheats destructive distillation is through its rotary kiln discharging opening 206 It is expelled to low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 downwards.

Described low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 includes combustion chamber 101, spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, spiral shell Revolve conveying device, spiral pusher drive device 106, bearing support block, cracking gas collecting chamber 109, cracking gas collecting pipe 111, cigarette Conductance skirt 112, feeding warehouse 114, discharging bin 115, igniter 116 and fuel supply device, the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 reaction compartment as hot destructive distillation outside low temperature in coal progress, the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 are arranged in combustion chamber 101, And the heat transfer space of sealing, the combustion chamber are formed between the outer wall of spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 and the inwall of combustion chamber 101 101 form enclosed construction by adiabatic wall 14, offer on the front/rear end and top surface, bottom surface in combustion chamber for rotary shaft and The opening that associated pipe passes through, but Hermetical connecting structure is formed between the adiabatic wall of combustion chamber and rotary shaft and associated pipe, Ensure the adiabatic sealing property of whole combustion chamber 101.Before the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 is fixedly installed on combustion chamber 101 Between rear end face, and the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 is preferably cylindrical structure, and the leading section of cylinder is sealingly fastened in combustion chamber 101 front end face, the rearward end of cylinder be sealingly fastened in the rear end face of combustion chamber 101, lateral wall and combustion chamber in cylinder The heat exchange space of closing is formed between internal face.Spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 be upwardly formed in the side wall of rear end into Material mouth, feeding warehouse 114 is sealedly connected with the charging aperture, the top surface of the combustion chamber offers to be passed through for feeding warehouse 114 Opening, and be tightly connected between the top surface of the combustion chamber and the feeding warehouse, so as to can be by coal by the feeding warehouse Material is provided to spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 outside combustion chamber.In side wall of the spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 close to front end Discharging opening has been formed down, discharging bin 115 is sealedly connected with the discharging opening, the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, which offers, to be confessed The opening that feed bin 115 passes through, and be tightly connected between the bottom surface of the combustion chamber and the discharging bin, so as to pass through the discharging Destructive distillation product in destructive distillation room can be sent to outside combustion chamber by storehouse.In the combustion chamber 101, in spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102 outer wall surfaces are fixedly installed cracking gas collecting chamber 109, and the 109 preferable sealing welding of cracking gas collecting chamber is in described The cylindrical outer wall surface of spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, and the top in the face of cylinder, preferably in destructive distillation ceiling portion along destructive distillation The cuboid chamber structure or annular cavity type cell structure of chamber axial direction extension.The cracking gas collecting chamber and spiral pusher destructive distillation Room connects, and cracking gas collecting chamber is sealedly connected with cracking gas collecting pipe 111, and the cracking gas collecting pipe 111 stretches out in combustion upwards Burn outside room 101, and Hermetical connecting structure is formed between the cracking gas collecting pipe 111 and combustion chamber, so as to which spiral pusher is done Evaporate oil gas caused by chamber interior destructive distillation（Tar, pyrolysis gas etc.）Collect through cracking gas collecting chamber, and further collected through cracking gas Pipe is exported to outside combustion chamber, realizes the extraction of destructive distillation oil gas.Described cracking gas collecting chamber is integrally formed at spiral pusher and done Evaporate on room, ensure that the high sealing between destructive distillation room is connected, prevented the possibility that cracking gas is leaked in combustion chamber, split simultaneously Collecting chamber of venting one's spleen is in together in combustion chamber with destructive distillation room ensure that oil gas caused by destructive distillation can be exported smoothly in a gaseous form.Institute State helix transporting device to be arranged in the spiral pusher destructive distillation room, and including rotary shaft 103 and be fixedly installed on rotary shaft 103 On helical blade 104, length of the helical blade 104 along the rotary shaft 103 forms helical duct, the preferable spiral shell Vane piece can use entity spiral face, belt type spiral face, blade screw face or tooth form helicoid structure.The helical blade 104 Outward flange and spiral pusher destructive distillation room inwall between leave the gaps of 2-5 millimeters, the gap is applicant by spiral pusher The coal charge that can either ensure to realize destructive distillation room come out when mechanism is applied to pyrolysis of coal field by long-term Test Summary is stable Promote, and can enough prevents the stuck innovation gap size of helical blade.The helical blade 104 is only in the spiral pusher destructive distillation Chamber interior is arranged in the rotary shaft 103, and the both ends of the rotary shaft 103 are stretched out in outside the spiral pusher destructive distillation room. The front-end and back-end of the specific rotary shaft 103 are stretched out in outside combustion chamber respectively from the both ends of spiral pusher destructive distillation room, and are turned Rolling support is on fore bearing support base 107 in front of combustion chamber for the front end of moving axis 103, and the rear end of rotary shaft 103 is in combustion chamber For rear rolling support on rear bearing support block 108, the fore bearing support base 107 and rear bearing support block 108 are rotary shaft Rotation provide bearings.Rotary seal knot is formed between the rear and front end of the rotary shaft 103 and spiral pusher destructive distillation room Rotary seal knot is set respectively between structure, the rear and front end port of specific spiral pusher destructive distillation room and rotary shaft therebetween through Structure, the rotational sealing structure form highly dense seal structure while ensureing that rotary shaft can be rotated freely to destructive distillation chamber interior, The preferable rotational sealing structure can use resistant to elevated temperatures sealing brush or other stop sealing changes mechanism.The rotation The rear end of axle 103 is connected to spiral pusher drive device 106, and the preferable shaft rear end that rotates is connected in spiral shell by feed belt The output revolving shaft of pusher drive device 106 is revolved, so as to drive rotary shaft to be done in spiral pusher by spiral pusher drive device 106 Indoor rotation is evaporated, and then drives the helical blade in rotary shaft to rotate, and the rotation of helical blade then promotes the coal in destructive distillation room Material is promoted along spiral path.Described combustion chamber 101 is internal spiral pusher destructive distillation room by way of fuel combustion Carry out external heat, the underrun pipeline of the combustion chamber is connected to fuel supply device, and fuel supply device is to the burning Indoor offer fuel, and the combustion chamber is provided with igniter 116, such fuel in the position of connection fuel supply device When feeding mechanism is provided fuel into combustion chamber, it will be burnt under the ignition action of igniter in combustion chamber, so as to Thermal source is provided for spiral pusher destructive distillation room.Front end face in combustion chamber is provided with the flue gas guide wire 112 of connection combustion chamber, Discharge flue 105 is set in the rotary shaft 103 of the helix transporting device in spiral pusher destructive distillation room, preferably along rotary shaft Mandrel line forms front and rear penetrating hollow channel and is communicated in institute as discharge flue 105, the output end of the flue gas guide wire 112 The gas approach 117 of the front end of discharge flue 105 is stated, ensures the sealing of this connection by the preceding hubcap 113 of rotary shaft（Afterwards State）.The exhanst gas outlet 118 of the rear end of discharge flue 105 is communicated in interior in the low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device The flue gas input of heat smoke supply pipe 209, ensure the sealing of this connection by the rear hubcap 119 of rotary shaft（Afterwards State）.The flue gas output end of the interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 is connected to the rotary kiln cylinder of low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device Body, so as to which the combustion chamber 101 is communicated in by flue gas guide wire 112, discharge flue 105 and interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 Cylinder of rotary kiln 201, after the combustion product gases in combustion chamber internally heat to spiral pusher destructive distillation room, guided by flue gas Pipe 112, discharge flue 105 and interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 are exported to cylinder of rotary kiln 201, to the original in cylinder of rotary kiln Coal carries out first stage destructive distillation heating.Flue gas blower fan 208 is provided with to adjust flue gas stream on the interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 Amount.The rotary kiln discharging opening 206 in the low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 is connected to the outer heat of the middle low temperature simultaneously Feeding warehouse 114 in formula spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100, it is further preferred rotary kiln discharging opening 206 and feeding warehouse 114 it Between more barrels series connection feed bins 120 are set, to prevent the pyrolysis oil gas in destructive distillation room to be upwardly into rotary kiln cylinder through feeding warehouse 114 Body, and avoid air from being downwardly into spiral pusher destructive distillation room through rotary kiln discharging opening.

Middle low temperature coal temperature of the present invention divides the specific work process of distillation system to be：Raw coal turns round through low temperature internal heating type The rotary kiln charging aperture 203 of the front end of kiln device 200 enters in cylinder of rotary kiln 201, under the rotation of cylinder of rotary kiln raw coal by The front end of cylinder of rotary kiln promotes to the back-end, and the heat smoke from middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 is through interior warm Flue gas supply pipe 209 enters in cylinder of rotary kiln from rotary kiln rear end, and the direction of propulsion with raw coal is on the contrary, so as in rotary kiln cylinder Raw coal is quickly preheating to the initial temperature of cold stage in second stage, base in body based on mode of heating in flue gas from normal temperature Realize the efficient fast dewatering of raw coal in cylinder of rotary kiln in hot mode in flue gas, the even destructive distillation of part raw coal into semicoke, Heat smoke is opposite with raw coal direction of propulsion simultaneously to blow out the dust in raw coal from the front end of cylinder of rotary kiln, finally with height Effect, quick mode realize drying and dehydrating, dedusting and the preheating of raw coal, eventually pass through the destructive distillation coal of dehydration, dedusting and preheating Low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 enters in the rotary kiln discharging opening 206 of cylinder of rotary kiln rear end is downwardly into Feed bin 114, enter through feeding warehouse 114 in spiral pusher destructive distillation room 102, the fuel such as raw coke oven gas, oxygen provide in combustion chamber simultaneously Ignition, the combustion product gases in combustion chamber directly heat to spiral pusher destructive distillation chamber outer wall, while the heat in combustion chamber Flue gas enters the inside of rotary shaft in spiral pusher destructive distillation room in combustion chamber by flue gas guide wire after heat cycles so that dry The rear end for flowing to destructive distillation room under impetus of the coal in helix transporting device in spiral pusher destructive distillation room from right to left is evaporated, and During destructive distillation coal moves in destructive distillation room along helical orbit, uniformly conducted by the destructive distillation chamber outer wall on the outside of helical orbit The conduction heating on the rotary shaft surface on the inside of heating and helical orbit, and carbonization decomposition reaction is carried out under high-efficiency heating environment, Caused gaseous material is collected by cracking gas collecting chamber, and is outwards conveyed by cracking gas collecting pipe, caused solid-state semicoke warp The discharging bin discharge of destructive distillation room rear end, completes the middle low temperature distillation of fine coal.Simultaneously the heat smoke in combustion chamber through rotary shaft inside Discharge flue 105 and interior heat smoke supply pipe 209 provide to the rotary kiln cylinder of foregoing low temperature internal heating type rotary kiln device 200 In vivo, when the heat smoke in combustion chamber is reached in internal heat type rotary kiln by the pipeline, its temperature has declined, and meets just Rotary kiln destructive distillation device is as hot temperature requirements in the first destructive distillation stage, so that the circulating flue gas temperature is in rotary kiln Just the first pyrolysis temperature section that the raw coal in rotary kiln is heated between 20 ~ 380 DEG C can be made, so as to recycle second Outside the destructive distillation stage while heat extraction flue gas, the efficient interior hot destructive distillation to the rotary kiln first stage is realized, and with higher efficiency Raw coal dehydration, drying, dedusting are carried out in rotary kiln, ensure that the quality into the destructive distillation coal in spiral pusher destructive distillation device, So the middle low temperature distillation process of raw coal is completed in circulation.Because thermal source is directed to external heating type spiral in rotary kiln Pusher destructive distillation device China and foreign countries' heat extraction flue gas, recycle heat utilization ratio is substantially increased, while outer heat extraction flue gas meets revolution The interior hot temperature requirement of kiln, efficient preheating, drying and the dedusting of raw coal are realized, and cause spiral pusher destructive distillation device destructive distillation analysis Tar, the raw coke oven gas calorific value gone out is fine, ensure that destructive distillation quality, while the outer heat of destructive distillation coal is realized based on screw propulsion material mode Promote, improve propulsive efficiency, and mode of heating improves the middle low temperature distillation efficiency of heating surface simultaneously based on outer wall in destructive distillation room, most Middle low temperature distillation efficiency is improved eventually.Applicant passes through this external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation device of innovative combination and interior heating Formula rotary kiln device, that is, take full advantage of that preheating in rotary kiln is fast, dewatering efficiency is high, dedusting thoroughly particular advantages, again circulation profit With the discharged gas fume of spiral pusher destructive distillation device, while the heat smoke based on innovation arrangement is in spiral pusher destructive distillation device Outer row path, internal heating type rotary kiln device raw coal low temperature distillation process and external heating type spiral pusher destructive distillation are have matched well Low temperature distillation process in the raw coal of device, substantially increase middle low temperature distillation efficiency.

Second preferred embodiment

Middle low temperature coal temperature as the second preferred embodiment of the present invention divides distillation system, as shown in figures 3 and 4, In middle the low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 and low temperature internal heat type of the first preferred embodiment shown in above-mentioned accompanying drawing 2 Further include medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 on the basis of rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200, in the medium temperature Heating revolving kiln drying distillation unit 300 is connected to middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100, the second preferred embodiment The composition structure and its work of middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 and low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 Make process with it is identical in the first preferred embodiment shown in accompanying drawing 2, be not repeated to describe herein, i.e. second embodiment Enter one with the discharging bin 115 for differing only in wherein middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 of first embodiment Step is connected to the rotary kiln charging aperture 303 of medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300, preferably through more barrels series connection feed bin 121 connections.The structure of medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 and the knot of low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200 Structure is identical, that is, includes cylinder of rotary kiln 301, revolving support seat 302, rotary kiln drive device 305 and interior heat smoke supply pipe 308, the cylinder of rotary kiln 301 has a cylinder-like structure, cylinder interior as interior hot destructive distillation space, cylinder of rotary kiln 301 Rear end forms rotary kiln gas approach 307, and the rolling support of cylinder of rotary kiln 301 is being turned round on revolving support seat 302 Rotated under the driving of kiln drive device 305, the front end of cylinder of rotary kiln 301 offers rotary kiln air exit 304, is used for Heat smoke in cylinder of rotary kiln and carbonizing gas product, dust discharge, rotary kiln charging aperture 303 are arranged at rotary kiln cylinder The front end of body, the semicoke from middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 is entered by rotary kiln charging aperture 303 to turn round In kiln cylinder body, rotary kiln discharging opening 306 is offered in the rear end bottom of cylinder of rotary kiln, after the concentration of rotary kiln medium temperature carbonization Semicoke is discharged through rotary kiln discharging opening 306.To ensure that the semicoke that the rotary kiln charging aperture 303 through rotary kiln front end inputs is turning round The rear end to cylinder of rotary kiln, the front end by cylinder of rotary kiln that the present invention innovates can smoothly be carried out in kiln cylinder body rotation process It is slightly upward to tilt（Angle of inclination is between 0-20 °）Set.Middle low temperature coal temperature in present embodiment divides distillation system can Low temperature, middle low temperature and medium temperature carbonization are carried out to raw coal simultaneously, as described above, raw coal enters low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device Preheated, dried below 400 DEG C after 200, dedusting and part destructive distillation, the destructive distillation coal of formation are fed through middle low tempexature external heating spiral shell Revolve the low temperature distillation in progress at a temperature of 380 ~ 550 DEG C, destructive distillation gaseous products CH in pusher destructive distillation device₄、C_mH_n、H₂、CO、 CO₂And a large amount of tar are precipitated and collected, the caused further medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 of solid-state semicoke, By semicoke further contracting, and outwards being exported through discharging opening at a temperature of 550 ~ 700 DEG C of medium temperature carbonization, at the same separate out CO, CO₂、H₂With the gaseous product such as gaseous hydrocarbon, the middle low temperature distillation of raw coal is completed.

In the second described preferred embodiment of the present invention, by middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device Medium temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 is further connected on 100, the further concentration destructive distillation to semicoke is realized, realizes The thorough retort process of raw coal.Wherein internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 will meet 550 ~ 700 DEG C of medium temperature carbonization temperature, It is required that offer is higher to the flue-gas temperature in cylinder of rotary kiln, it can preferably pass through rotary kiln flue gas by the way of independent heat supply Import 307 is that cylinder of rotary kiln 301 provides heat smoke, also can be as shown in Figure 3, from middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation Heat smoke supply pipe 308 is connected to the rotary kiln cigarette of cylinder of rotary kiln 301 in the charge combustion position extraction of the combustion chamber of device Gas import 307, so as to the high-temperature flue gas from combustion chambers burn position（About 800 DEG C）It is introduced directly into cylinder of rotary kiln 301 Interior, it disclosure satisfy that cylinder of rotary kiln realizes the interior heat smoke temperature conditionss of medium temperature carbonization, so whole middle low-temperature carbonization system In low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device 200, middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device 100 and medium temperature internal heat type return Rotary kiln destructive distillation device 300 is interconnected into integrated system structure as shown in Figure 3, while heat fully circulates, according to three Individual temperature segmentation section has carried out efficient low temperature, middle low temperature and medium temperature carbonization to raw coal, while have collected not equality of temperature respectively Gas, tar and semicoke product under degree, realize gas, coal tar, semicoke and be utilized respectively, do compared to other existing coals Distillation unit has obvious with the obvious advantage, has good Industry Promotion prospect.

3rd preferred embodiment

The 3rd preferred embodiment of the present invention is in the preferred embodiment of the foregoing description first or the second preferred embodiment On the basis of further optimization design is carried out to middle low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device therein, it is hot in addition to middle low temperature The architectural feature and its course of work of other each several parts beyond formula spiral pusher destructive distillation device are all preferred with the foregoing description first Embodiment or the second preferred embodiment are identical, herein only Optimal improvements of centering low tempexature external heating spiral pusher destructive distillation device It is described, it is foregoing with the connected mode and cooperating process of rotary kiln destructive distillation device.

For present embodiment except the temperature segmentation raw coal retorting technique of the foregoing description, going back innovative design can be well with returning Rotary kiln coordinates the spiral pusher destructive distillation device for realizing that temperature divides destructive distillation, further provides this spiral pusher in the present embodiment and does The preferred innovation structure of distillation unit, it is with the main distinction of foregoing description spiral pusher destructive distillation device, in present embodiment Two spiral pusher destructive distillation rooms are devised simultaneously in spiral pusher destructive distillation device, i.e., on spiral pusher under destructive distillation room and spiral pusher Destructive distillation room, but the invention is not limited in this, those skilled in the art can set three on the basis of the innovation thinking of the present invention Destructive distillation room more than individual, this is belonged within the technology category of the present invention.As shown in accompanying drawing 5 to accompanying drawing 7, in present embodiment External-heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device include feeding warehouse 1, cracking gas collecting pipe 2, combustion chamber 3, destructive distillation room 4 on spiral pusher, Destructive distillation room 5, discharging bin 6, fore bearing support base 7, rear bearing support block 8, helix transporting device 9, cracking gas are received under spiral pusher Collect room 10, spiral pusher drive device 11, igniter 12, material connecting leg 13, flue gas guide wire 24, fuel supply room 16 and fuel Supply line 17.Heat exchange space of the described combustion chamber 3 as whole dry distillation of coal device, is formed as sealing using heat-insulating material Space structure, preferably rectangular parallelepiped space structure are closed, six sides of cuboid are formed using adiabatic wall 14, in the combustion Burn and offer the opening passed through for rotary shaft and associated pipe on the front/rear end and top surface, bottom surface of room, but combustion chamber is exhausted Hermetical connecting structure is formed between hot wall and rotary shaft and associated pipe, ensures the adiabatic sealing property of whole combustion chamber 3.Institute Destructive distillation room 4 is close with the structure of destructive distillation room 5 under spiral pusher on the spiral pusher stated, and may be contained within the combustion chamber 3, described On spiral pusher under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher destructive distillation room 5 be transversely parallel to each other in combustion chamber be fixed in burning side by side Between the front/rear end of room, and on spiral pusher destructive distillation room 4 relative to destructive distillation room 5 under spiral pusher vertically closer to combustion chamber Top surface, destructive distillation room 5 preferably has penetrating cylinder-like structure under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher on the spiral pusher, and The leading section of cylinder is sealingly fastened in the front end face of combustion chamber, and the rearward end of cylinder is sealingly fastened in the rear end face of combustion chamber, and The heat exchange space of closing is formed between the lateral wall and internal face of combustion chamber of cylinder.Destructive distillation room 4 is close on spiral pusher Charging aperture 20 has been upwardly formed in the side wall of front end, feeding warehouse 1 is sealedly connected with the charging aperture 20, the combustion chamber Top surface offers the opening passed through for feeding warehouse 1, and is tightly connected between the top surface of the combustion chamber and the feeding warehouse, so as to Raw coal material can be provided outside combustion chamber on spiral pusher in destructive distillation room by the feeding warehouse.In the spiral pusher Lower destructive distillation room 5 has been formed down discharging opening 22 in the side wall of front end, and discharging bin is sealedly connected with the discharging opening 22 6, the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, which offers, confesses the opening that feed bin 6 passes through, and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber and the discharging bin it Between be tightly connected, so that the destructive distillation product in destructive distillation room can be sent to outside combustion chamber by the discharging bin.Described spiral shell Revolve and be interconnected in pusher under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher between destructive distillation room 5 by material connecting leg 13, specifically with reference to accompanying drawing 5 To accompanying drawing 7, the material connecting leg 13 is connected to spiral shell under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher on spiral pusher near the rear end of destructive distillation room 5 Revolve in pusher under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher between the side wall of destructive distillation room 5, on spiral pusher under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher The side wall upper shed of the rearward end of destructive distillation room 5, the material connecting leg 13 have front and rear penetrating wedge structure, front and rear open end difference The opening under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher in the side wall of destructive distillation room 5 on spiral pusher is sealedly attached to, preferably as shown in Figure 7, The bottom surface of the material connecting leg 13 is simultaneously tangent with the bottom cylindrical face of destructive distillation room 5 under destructive distillation room 4 on spiral pusher and spiral pusher, The top surface of the material connecting leg 13 is connected on spiral pusher under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher outside the destructive distillation room of destructive distillation room 5 The cylindrical side of wall 23 corresponds to the position of horizontal diameter, and the two side of the material connecting leg 13 is vertically connected on spiral pusher The cylindrical side of destructive distillation room 5 under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher.The material connecting leg 13 is sealedly attached to destructive distillation room on spiral pusher 4 and spiral pusher under destructive distillation room 5, while material transferring therebetween is realized, ensure spiral pusher on destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher Sealing inside lower destructive distillation room 5.By the coal in destructive distillation room 4 on the spiral pusher of material connecting leg 13 from its cylinder bottom Face is sent under spiral pusher in destructive distillation room, the continuous transmission of material when upper and lower destructive distillation room is arranged side by side is realized, in the present invention This innovation thinking under the scope of, also can be by each destructive distillation room to shift to install up and down, and each dry when setting multiple destructive distillation rooms Evaporate and material communicating passage is set with bottom surface tangential manner between room.Destructive distillation under destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher on the spiral pusher Cracking gas collecting chamber 10 is provided with outside room 5, cylindrical outer wall surface of the cracking gas collecting chamber 10 along destructive distillation room is set, and is located In the top on the face of cylinder, as shown in Figure 7, the cracking gas collecting chamber 10 is preferably axial along destructive distillation room in destructive distillation ceiling portion The cuboid chamber structure of direction extension, top surface, end face and the side of cracking gas collecting chamber use planar structure, the circle of destructive distillation room Bottom surface of the column outer wall face as cracking gas collecting chamber；Or the cracking gas collecting chamber is to be formed at destructive distillation room cylindrical outer wall surface On annular cavity type cell structure, end face, the side of cracking gas collecting chamber are planar structure, and the cylindrical outer wall face of destructive distillation room is as splitting Vent one's spleen the bottom surface of collecting chamber, the top surface of cracking gas collecting chamber is the arcwall face coaxial with destructive distillation room cylindrical outer wall face.The cracking Gas collecting chamber is connected with destructive distillation room, and cracking gas collecting pipe 2, the cracking gas are sealedly connected with the top surface of cracking gas collecting chamber Collecting pipe 2 stretches out in outside combustion chamber 3 upwards, and forms Hermetical connecting structure between the cracking gas collecting pipe 2 and combustion chamber, So as to the coal under destructive distillation room 4 on spiral pusher and spiral pusher inside destructive distillation room 5 after high-temperature retorting caused oil gas（Tar, Pyrolysis gas etc.）Collected via the cracking gas collecting chamber set on destructive distillation room 5 under destructive distillation room 4 on spiral pusher and spiral pusher, and Further exported via cracking gas collecting pipe 2 to outside combustion chamber 3, realize the extraction of destructive distillation oil gas.The cracking gas is collected The planform of room and its big I determine according to oil and gas content, but said structure is optimum structure.The cracking gas collecting pipe 2 Cracking gas collecting chamber can be provided with more as needed, as under destructive distillation room 4 on spiral pusher and spiral pusher outside destructive distillation room 5 Cracking gas collecting chamber can set two cracking gas collecting pipes respectively.Described cracking gas collecting chamber is integrally formed at（Welding）Destructive distillation It on room, ensure that the high sealing between destructive distillation room is connected, prevented the possibility that cracking gas is leaked in combustion chamber, cracked simultaneously Gas collecting chamber is in together in combustion chamber with destructive distillation room ensure that oil gas caused by destructive distillation can be exported smoothly in a gaseous form.

On described spiral pusher helix transporting device 9, institute are provided with destructive distillation room 4 and spiral pusher in destructive distillation room 5 State that helix transporting device 9 is identical with the foregoing description, i.e., including rotary shaft 18 and the helical-blade being fixedly installed in rotary shaft 18 Piece 19, length of the helical blade 19 along the rotary shaft form helical duct, and the preferable helical blade can use real Body helicoid, belt type spiral face, blade screw face or tooth form helicoid structure.The helix transporting device 9 is in upper and lower destructive distillation room The gap of 2-5 millimeters, the helical-blade are left between the inwall of the interior outward flange installed and cause helical blade 19 and destructive distillation room Piece 19 is only arranged in the rotary shaft 18 in the destructive distillation chamber interior, and the both ends of the rotary shaft 18 stretch out in the destructive distillation room Outside.The front-end and back-end of the specific rotary shaft 18 are stretched out in outside combustion chamber respectively from the both ends of destructive distillation room, and rotary shaft In on fore bearing support base 7, the rear end of rotary shaft 18 rolls rolling support in rear combustion chamber in front of combustion chamber for 18 front end It is supported on rear bearing support block 8.Rotational sealing structure is formed between the rotary shaft 18 and the rear and front end of destructive distillation room, it is described Rotational sealing structure forms highly dense seal structure while ensureing that rotary shaft can be rotated freely to destructive distillation chamber interior, can use resistance to The sealing brush of high temperature or other not stop sealing change mechanism.The rear end of rotary shaft 18 in upper and lower destructive distillation room is connected to spiral Pusher drive device 11, it is connected preferably through feed belt in the output revolving shaft of spiral pusher drive device 11, so as to Drive rotary shaft to be rotated in destructive distillation room by spiral pusher drive device 11, and then drive the helical blade in rotary shaft to turn It is dynamic, and the rotation of helical blade then promotes the coal charge in destructive distillation room to be promoted along spiral path.It is arranged side by side in the present invention Rotary shaft on spiral pusher under destructive distillation room and spiral pusher in destructive distillation room can individually or Synchronization Control, helical blade in rotary shaft The hand of spiral can be in the same direction or oppositely arranged.When the hand of spiral of the helical blade in upper and lower destructive distillation room in rotary shaft is identical, The rotation side of rotary shaft under the rotation direction and spiral pusher of rotary shaft on control spiral pusher in destructive distillation room in destructive distillation room To on the contrary, when the hand of spiral of the helical blade in upper and lower destructive distillation room in rotary shaft is opposite, controls and turn up and down in destructive distillation room Moving axis synchronously rotates in same direction, and is done with ensureing the feeding warehouse of coal charge destructive distillation room front top from spiral pusher to enter on spiral pusher After evaporating interior, the rear end of destructive distillation room on spiral pusher is advanced into backward along spiral path under the rotary action of its rotary shaft, so Destructive distillation room under spiral pusher is entered by material connecting leg 13 afterwards, then under spiral pusher in destructive distillation room under the rotary action of rotary shaft The front end of destructive distillation room under being pushed ahead along spiral path to spiral pusher, and the discharging bin of destructive distillation room front end is arranged under spiral pusher Go out, realize the steady conveying of material.

Described combustion chamber 3 carries out external heat by way of fuel combustion for internal destructive distillation room as previously described, excellent The bottom surface of the combustion chamber of choosing enters one to fuel supply pipe 17, the fuel supply pipe 17 is externally connected with outside combustion chamber Step is connected to fuel supply room 16, and the fuel supply room 16 is provided by the fuel supply pipe 17 into the combustion chamber Fuel, the combustion chamber 3 is interior to be provided with igniter 12 in the position of connection fuel supply pipe 17, so comes from fuel supply room When in entrance combustion chamber of 16 fuel through fuel supply pipe 17, fired under the ignition action of igniter in combustion chamber Burn, so as to provide thermal source for destructive distillation room.Preferable fuel supply room 16 provides raw coke oven gas and oxygen to combustion chamber, and both are firing Burn the heat transfer space after indoor mixing through igniting and between adiabatic wall 14 and destructive distillation chamber outer wall to be burnt, described raw coke oven gas can Gaseous product after destructive distillation oil vapor treatment, heat is provided for destructive distillation room using heat smoke caused by burning, realizes resource Recycle.Setting fuel supply pipe 17 can be connected in combustion chamber bottom surface many places and igniter is set as needed.This implementation Mode opens up exhanst gas outlet 25 in combustion chamber end face or top surface, and flue gas guide wire 24 is connected on exhanst gas outlet 25, and as before It is respectively provided with the rotary shaft 18 of helix transporting device under the described destructive distillation room on spiral pusher and spiral pusher in destructive distillation room Discharge flue 15, hollow channel preferably is formed as discharge flue 15, the flue gas guide wire along the central axis of rotary shaft 24 are communicated in the discharge flue of the rotary shaft of upper and lower destructive distillation room, so as to combustion product gases in combustion chamber in combustion chamber to dry Evaporate after chamber outer wall heated, be directed to via flue gas guide wire 24 in the discharge flue 15 of rotary shaft in destructive distillation room, in flue gas Rotary shaft is heated when flowing through discharge flue 15, and the coal along rotary shaft periphery screw propulsion is conducted heat to through rotary shaft On material, destructive distillation heating has been carried out again equivalent in destructive distillation chamber interior, so as to improve the efficiency of heating surface.The smoke evacuation of two rotary shafts Passage is communicated in the interior heat smoke supply pipe of low temperature internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device in the rear end of rotary shaft, so as to combustion chamber Interior heat smoke is flowed through inside rotary shaft in combustion chamber after heat cycles, and is provided through the discharge flue in rotary shaft to low temperature In the cylinder of rotary kiln of internal heat type rotary kiln destructive distillation device.The discharge flue 15 that the flue gas guide wire 24 connects rotary shaft is preferred Realized based on hubcap, as shown in figs. 4 and 5, before rotary shaft stretches out the end set outside fore bearing support base 7 Hubcap 26, the preceding hubcap 26 are covered on the front end of rotary shaft and are connected with fore bearing support base 7, and the preceding hubcap is not Together rotated with rotary shaft, and between preceding hubcap and rotary shaft end formed sealing enter cigarette space, in preceding hubcap 26 Offer smoke inlet on the position of the front opening of face rotary shaft discharge flue, the flue gas guide wire 24 be connected to it is described before The smoke inlet of hubcap 26, the discharge flue being communicated in so as to the sealing of premenstrual hubcap in the middle part of rotary shaft.Similarly interior heat smoke supplies Should pipe 209 discharge flue 15 of rotary shaft is communicated in by the sealing of rear hubcap 26.

It is other in present embodiment in addition to two spiral pusher destructive distillation rooms are arranged in parallel in spiral pusher destructive distillation device Architectural feature and the course of work and the first preferred embodiment before, the second preferred embodiment it is identical, do not weigh herein Multiple description.

To sum up, the middle low temperature coal temperature that present invention innovation proposes divides retorting technique to be that applicant is total by long-term innovation experiment Bear what is come, can be good at being applied in fine coal in low temperature distillation, at least with following technological innovation feature and technique effect：

1）, the present invention is pioneering utilize raw coal pyrolysis characteristicses, by fine coal according to the triphasic temperature of pyrolysis characteristicses curve progress Split destructive distillation（Pyrolysis of coal temperature divides retorting technique）：First stage is the fine coal low temperature distillation stage, and pyrolysis temperature is heated to by normal temperature Second pyrolysis weight loss peak initial temperature, for preferable temperature normal temperature between 380 DEG C, this section contains preheating and part destructive distillation, this section of gas Primary product is CH₄、H₂O、N₂、CO₂, solid product is the destructive distillation coal through dehydration, dedusting and the pre-heat treatment；Second stage is former Low temperature distillation stage in coal, temperature range are the second pyrolysis weight loss peak temperature section, between 380 ~ 550 DEG C of preferable temperature, this section Gaseous product is CH₄、C_mH_n、H₂、CO、CO₂, substantial amounts of tar, solid product is semicoke；Phase III is the medium temperature carbonization stage, Temperature range is that medium temperature is pyrolyzed peak value section, and between 550 DEG C to 700 DEG C of preferable temperature, this section of primary product is CO, CO₂、H₂, gas State hydrocarbon and semicoke.

4）, the combustion gas innovated in sharp rotary kiln of the present invention can take away dust in fine coal, reached the purpose of selection by winnowing, Fine coal after heating again prevent the precipitation of dust when entering external heat spiral pusher destructive distillation device so that spiral pusher destructive distillation Dust content is extremely low in the aborning raw coke oven gas of device, and calorific value is very high, and quality of coke tar is fine.

It the above is only and the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, technical scheme is not limited to This, any known deformation that those skilled in the art are made on the basis of the major technique design of the present invention belongs to the present invention Claimed technology category, the specific protection domain of the present invention are defined by the record of claims.

Claims

1. a kind of middle low temperature coal temperature divides distillation system, it is characterised in that including：Hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in spiral pusher （100）With hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in low temperature（200）, hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in the low temperature（200）Including first time Rotary kiln cylinder（201）, the first revolving support seat（202）With the first rotary kiln drive device（205）, the first rotary kiln driving Device（205）Drive first cylinder of rotary kiln（201）In the first revolving support seat（202）On rotated, it is described First cylinder of rotary kiln（201）On formed with the first rotary kiln charging aperture（203）, the first rotary kiln air exit（204）, first Rotary kiln discharging opening（206）With the first rotary kiln gas approach（207）, hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in the spiral pusher （100）Including：Combustion chamber（101）, spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）, helix transporting device, cracking gas collection device and spiral push away Expect drive device（106）, the cracking gas collection device and the spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）It is connected, the spiral pushes away Expect destructive distillation room（102）Heated portion be in the combustion chamber（101）Interior, the helix transporting device is arranged at the spiral and pushed away Expect destructive distillation room（102）Interior, the spiral pusher drive device drives the helix transporting device in the spiral pusher destructive distillation room （102）Inside rotated, the combustion chamber（101）Pass through pipeline and first cylinder of rotary kiln（201）It is connected, the spiral shell Revolve pusher destructive distillation room（102）On formed with charging aperture and discharging opening, first cylinder of rotary kiln（201）The first rotary kiln go out Material mouth（206）It is connected to the spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Charging aperture.

2. middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim 1 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that heat revolution kiln drying in the low temperature Distillation unit（200）Also include heat smoke supply pipe in first（209）, heat smoke supply pipe in described first（209）One end It is connected to the first rotary kiln gas approach（207）, discharge flue is provided with the helix transporting device（105）, it is described Discharge flue（105）Gas approach and the combustion chamber（101）Connection, the discharge flue（105）Exhanst gas outlet connection The heat smoke supply pipe in described first（209）The other end, the combustion chamber（101）Interior combustion product gases are logical through the smoke evacuation Road（105）With first in heat smoke supply pipe（209）It is expelled to first cylinder of rotary kiln（201）It is interior；First revolution Kiln charging aperture（203）With the first rotary kiln air exit（204）It is formed at first cylinder of rotary kiln（201）One end, institute State the first rotary kiln discharging opening（206）With the first rotary kiln gas approach（207）It is formed at first cylinder of rotary kiln（201） The other end.

3. middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim 1 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that the cracking gas collection device bag Include cracking gas collecting chamber（109）With cracking gas collecting pipe（111）, the cracking gas collecting chamber（109）The spiral is formed to push away Expect destructive distillation room（102）Outside wall surface on, and connected with the spiral pusher destructive distillation room, the cracking gas collecting chamber（109）And institute State spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）In the combustion chamber（101）It is interior, the combustion chamber（101）The heating for being formed as sealing is empty Between, the cracking gas collecting pipe（111）One end be communicated in the cracking gas collecting chamber（109）, the cracking gas collecting pipe （111）The other end stretch out in the combustion chamber（101）Outside.

4. middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim 2 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that in the spiral pusher outside low temperature Hot destructive distillation device（100）Also include bearing support block, the spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Rear and front end be individually fixed in The rear and front end face of the combustion chamber, and spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Outer wall and combustion chamber inwall between formed seal Heating space, the helix transporting device includes rotary shaft（103）And helical blade（104）, the helical blade（104） Spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Inside is arranged at the rotary shaft（103）On, and along rotary shaft（103）Axially in spiral pusher Destructive distillation room（102）Interior formation helical duct, the rotary shaft（103）Both ends stretch out in the spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102） And combustion chamber（101）Outside, the spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Both ends port and the rotary shaft between formed rotate it is close Seal structure, the rotary shaft（103）Both ends in combustion chamber outer support on the bearing support block, the spiral pusher driving Device is connected in the end of the rotary shaft, the discharge flue（105）Be arranged in the rotary shaft and with the spiral shell Revolve pusher destructive distillation room（102）It is isolated, the combustion chamber（101）Pass through flue gas guide wire（112）With the discharge flue（105） Connection.

5. middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim 4 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that before the bearing support block includes Bearing support block（107）With rear bearing support block（108）, the rotary shaft（103）Front end combustion chamber front roll branch Support in the fore bearing support base（107）On, the rotary shaft（103）Rear end combustion chamber rear rolling support in described Bearing support block afterwards（108）On, the spiral pusher drive device（106）It is connected in the rotary shaft（103）Rear end, The fore bearing support base（107）On be connected with preceding hubcap（113）, the rear bearing support block（108）On be connected with rear axle End cap（119）, the discharge flue（105）For penetrating hollow channel before and after being formed along the central axis of the rotary shaft, The flue gas guide wire（112）Pass through the preceding hubcap（113）The discharge flue of the connection in rotary shaft front end（105） Gas approach, heat smoke supply pipe in described first（209）Pass through the rear hubcap（119）Connection is in rotary shaft rear end The discharge flue（105）Exhanst gas outlet.

6. middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim 2 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that in the spiral pusher outside low temperature Hot destructive distillation device（100）Also include fuel supply room, fuel supply pipe, feeding warehouse（114）And discharging bin（115）, it is described Fuel supply room is connected to the combustion chamber by the fuel supply pipe（101）, and the combustion chamber supplies in connection fuel The position of pipeline is answered to be provided with igniter（116）；The charging aperture, the charging are opened up at the top of the spiral pusher destructive distillation room Storehouse（114）One end be connected to the charging aperture, the feeding warehouse（114）The other end stretch out in the combustion chamber（101）It It is outer and be connected to hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in the low temperature（200）In the first rotary kiln discharging opening（206）, the spiral pushes away The bottom of material destructive distillation room opens up the discharging opening, the discharging bin（115）One end be connected to the discharging opening, the discharging bin （115）The other end stretch out in the combustion chamber（101）Outside.

7. the middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim any one of 2-6 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that the spiral pusher Hot destructive distillation device outside middle low temperature（100）In spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Including destructive distillation room on spiral pusher（4）Pushed away with spiral The lower destructive distillation room of material（5）, destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）In the combustion chamber side by side Set, destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）Between pass through material connecting leg（13）Mutually interconnect It is logical, the destructive distillation room on spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）The helix transporting device is inside provided with, in spiral shell Revolve destructive distillation room in pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）The cracking gas collection device is provided with outside.

8. middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim 7 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher （4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）What is be parallel to each other in the combustion chamber is arranged side by side, and destructive distillation room on spiral pusher （4）Relative to destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）Closer to the top surface of combustion chamber, destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher（4）And spiral shell Revolve destructive distillation room under pusher（5）It is respectively provided with cylinder-like structure, destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher（4）At the top of the cylinder side wall of front end to On offer charging aperture, destructive distillation room under the spiral pusher（4）The cylinder side wall bottom of front end offers downwards discharging opening, described Destructive distillation room on spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）Connected entrance, the material are offered on the cylinder side wall of rear end Connecting leg（13）Front and back end portses be connected to destructive distillation room on spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）Connected entrance, And material connecting leg（13）Bottom surface simultaneously with destructive distillation room on spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）Cylinder bottom surface It is tangent, destructive distillation room on the spiral pusher（4）With destructive distillation room under spiral pusher（5）Interior helix transporting device（9）Coal charge spiral shell It is opposite to revolve direction of propulsion.

9. the middle low temperature coal temperature according to claim any one of 2-6 divides distillation system, it is characterised in that also includes medium temperature Interior hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device（300）, hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in the medium temperature（300）Including the second cylinder of rotary kiln （301）, the second revolving support seat（302）With the second rotary kiln drive device（305）, the second rotary kiln drive device （305）Drive second cylinder of rotary kiln（301）In the second revolving support seat（302）On rotated, described second Cylinder of rotary kiln（301）On formed with the second rotary kiln charging aperture（303）, the second rotary kiln air exit（304）, second revolution Kiln discharging opening（306）With the second rotary kiln gas approach（307）, the second rotary kiln charging aperture（303）It is connected to the spiral shell Hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in rotation pusher（100）The discharging opening of middle spiral pusher destructive distillation room, the second rotary kiln gas approach （307）It is connected to independent thermal source or hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature is connected in spiral pusher by pipeline（100）In burning Room.

10. a kind of middle low temperature coal temperature point for dividing distillation system to carry out based on any one of the claim 1-8 middle low temperature coal temperature is done Evaporate method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

（1）, raw coal is through hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in low temperature（200）In the first rotary kiln charging aperture（203）Into first time Rotary kiln cylinder（201）It is interior；

（2）, outside low temperature in spiral pusher hot destructive distillation device（100）In combustion product gases by the first cylinder of rotary kiln（201） Interior raw coal is heated to 380 DEG C from room temperature, and raw coal is carried out internal heating low-temperature cracking in the temperature range, passes through low temperature distillation Raw coal is dehydrated, dried, dedusting, preheating and part destructive distillation processing, destructive distillation gaseous products and dust therein are via first Rotary kiln air exit（204）Discharge, solid product therein is through the first rotary kiln discharging opening（206）There is provided into spiral pusher Hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature（100）In spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）It is interior；

（3）, into spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Interior coal charge along spiral path during promoting, by combustion chamber The conduction heating effect of combustion product gases, and hanker low temperature distillation outside progress within the temperature range of 380 DEG C to 550 DEG C, generation Destructive distillation gaseous products are collected via cracking gas collection device, and the destructive distillation solid product of generation discharges via discharging bin；

（4）, hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in spiral pusher（100）Combustion product gases in middle combustion chamber are to spiral pusher destructive distillation room （102）Carry out heating Posterior circle and be output to hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in low temperature（200）In the first cylinder of rotary kiln in.

11. a kind of middle low temperature coal temperature for dividing distillation system to carry out based on middle low temperature coal temperature described in claim 9 divides method for destructive distillation, its It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：

（3）, into spiral pusher destructive distillation room（102）Interior coal charge along spiral path during promoting, by combustion chamber The conduction heating effect of combustion product gases, and hanker low temperature distillation outside progress within the temperature range of 380 DEG C to 550 DEG C, generation Destructive distillation gaseous products are collected via cracking gas collection device, and the destructive distillation solid product of generation is provided to medium temperature through discharging opening Hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device（300）The second cylinder of rotary kiln in；

（4）, hot destructive distillation device outside low temperature in spiral pusher（100）Combustion product gases in middle combustion chamber are to spiral pusher destructive distillation room （102）Carry out heating Posterior circle and be output to hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in low temperature（200）In the first cylinder of rotary kiln in；

（5）, into hot rotary kiln destructive distillation device in medium temperature（300）The second cylinder of rotary kiln in destructive distillation solid product it is further Hot medium temperature carbonization in being carried out within the temperature range of 550 DEG C to 700 DEG C, the destructive distillation gaseous products of generation are arranged via the second rotary kiln Gas exports（304）Output, the destructive distillation solid product of generation is via the second rotary kiln discharging opening（306）Output.