CN101674821A - 用槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸治疗糖尿病和代谢疾病的组合物 - Google Patents
用槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸治疗糖尿病和代谢疾病的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101674821A CN101674821A CN200880014120A CN200880014120A CN101674821A CN 101674821 A CN101674821 A CN 101674821A CN 200880014120 A CN200880014120 A CN 200880014120A CN 200880014120 A CN200880014120 A CN 200880014120A CN 101674821 A CN101674821 A CN 101674821A
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- compositions
- quercetin
- myricetin
- chlorogenic acid
- food
- Prior art date
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Abstract
提供了用于治疗对象的糖尿病和代谢疾病和用于实现对象体重减轻的组合物，所述组合物包括槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸，包括天然产生的化合物的组合。
Description
[0001]本申请要求2007年3月19日提交的美国临时申请第60/895,486号的权益，所述申请在此全部引入。
背景技术
[0002]根据美国心脏病协会(American Heart Association)的资料，超过60％的男性和几乎50％的女性超重。此外，将近13％和18％的男性和女性是相对肥胖的。久坐和超重可以导致代谢综合症，其特征是一个人中的一组代谢风险因素。这些包括：(a)向心性肥胖，由腹部和腹部周围脂肪组织过量而表明；(b)致动脉粥样硬化血脂异常(atherogenic dyslipidemia)(血脂障碍，主要是高甘油三酯和低HDL胆固醇，其在动脉壁中产生斑块堆积)；(c)升高的血压(130/85mmHg或者更高)；(d)胰岛素抵抗或者葡萄糖耐受不良(机体不能适当地利用胰岛素或者血糖)；(e)血栓前状态(例如，血液中高纤维蛋白原或者纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂[-1])；以及(f)促炎状态(例如，血液中高敏C-反应蛋白升高)。
[0003]这一综合症的潜在原因是超重/肥胖，身体不运动以及遗传因素。患有代谢综合症的人处于冠心病、与动脉壁中斑块堆积相关的其他疾病(例如，中风和外周血管疾病)以及2型糖尿病的增高风险中。根据美国糖尿病协会的资料，年龄超过60岁的成年人中的20.6％患有糖尿病，所有成年人中的34.8％患有糖尿病或者前驱糖尿病。代谢综合症在美国已经日益普遍。据估计，大约20％-25％的美国成年人受到影响。该综合症与称作胰岛素抵抗——其中机体不能有效地使用胰岛素——的全身性代谢性病症密切相关。代谢综合症也被称作胰岛素抵抗综合症，其导致2型糖尿病。
[0004]已经有很多研究报道从各种植物中分离的生物类黄酮提供的健康益处。生物类黄酮在癌症和心血管疾病的预防和炎性疾病的治疗中的潜在作用已得到证明。数千种来自各种植物的天然产生的生物类黄酮已经根据它们的化学结构进行分类。这些类型是黄酮类、异黄酮类、黄烷-3-醇类和花色素类。黄酮类被分成四组：(1)黄酮，其包括例如，黄色黄素、芹菜配基(apigenin)以及柑橘黄酮；(2)黄酮醇，其包括例如，槲皮素、山奈酚、杨梅黄酮、白杨黄素(chrysin)、芸香甙(rutin)、野漆树甙(rhoifolin)、桑色素(morin)、非瑟酮(fisetin)、异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)、藿香黄酮醇(pachypodol)以及甲基鼠李黄素(rhamnazin)；(3)黄烷酮，其包括例如，高良姜精(galangin)、橙皮素(hesperetin)、柚皮素(naringenin)、柚皮苷(naringin)、新橙皮苷(neohesperidin)、橙皮苷(hesperidin)、柚皮芸香甙(narirutin)、樱桃甙(pruning)、圣草酚(eriodictyol)、高圣草酚(homoeriodictyol)；以及(4)3-羟基黄烷酮或者2，3-二氢黄酮醇，其包括例如，二氢槲皮素和二氢山奈酚。异黄酮类的例子包括，例如，染料木黄酮(genistein)、大豆黄素(daidzein)以及黄豆黄素(glycitein)。黄烷-3-醇类包括，例如，儿茶精(catechins)、没食子儿茶精(gallocatechin)、儿茶精3-没食子酸酯、没食子儿茶精3-没食子酸酯、表儿茶精(epicatechins)、表没食子儿茶精(epigallocatechin)、表儿茶精3-没食子酸酯和表没食子儿茶精3-没食子酸酯。花色素类包括，例如，花青素(cyanidin)、花翠素(delphinidin)、二甲花翠素(malvidin)、花葵素(perlargonidin)、芍药花青素(peionidin)和3’-甲花翠素(petunidin)。
[0005]在天然来源的类黄酮(flavonoids)中，类黄酮的可用性和活性相当不同。为了获得许多类黄酮的健康益处，需要大的剂量，这通常是不切实际的和过于昂贵的。
发明概述
[0006]在本发明的一个方面，提供了用于治疗糖尿病和代谢疾病的组合物。该组合物对于通过防止含碳水化合物的食物的大量卡路里产生影响而实现体重减轻和体重控制也是有用的。食用该组合物与含碳水化合物的食品影响碳水化合物代谢的代谢途径，导致较少的葡萄糖进入机体并且血流中较多的葡萄糖分流到肌肉。对象对组合物的食用促进对象体内瘦肉与脂肪组织之间比例的增加。
[0007]本发明提供使用天然产生的化合物的组合来治疗或预防糖尿病和/或肥胖的组合物和方法。在一种实施方式中，该方法包括向对象给予包括治疗有效量的槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸的组合物。该组合物可以作为饮食补充剂或者作为食品添加剂被给予。
[0008]该组合物在干扰碳水化合物代谢的代谢途径方面是有效的。具体而言，该组合物在抑制消化道中的葡萄糖吸收、增强肌肉组织的葡萄糖吸收、抑制碳水化合物运输、抑制葡萄糖/脂肪储存以及抑制肝脏的葡萄糖加工(葡萄糖异生)方面是有效的。
[0009]在本发明的一个方面，提供了通过将有效量的槲皮素，杨梅黄酮和绿原酸添加到食品中来降低含碳水化合物食品的血糖生成指数的组合物和方法。在一种实施方式中，绿原酸与槲皮素与杨梅黄酮的比例按重量计是大约1∶3∶3。
发明详述
[0010]如本文中所用，以下术语和短语将具有下面列出的意义。
[0011]“糖尿病”是指高血糖或者酮症酸中毒，以及起因于延长的高血糖状态或者葡萄糖耐量降低的慢性全身代谢异常。“糖尿病”包括该疾病的1型和2型(非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病或者NIDDM)形式。
[0012]“分离的”是指组合物或者化合物从其天然环境的去除或者改变。
[0013]短语“天然产生的”在指代化合物时是指化合物为其可被天然发现的形式。例如，如果化合物已从至少一些在天然情况下与该化合物一起发现的其他分子中被纯化和分离，那么该化合物不处于天然产生的形式。“天然产生的化合物”是指可被天然发现的化合物，即，不曾被人类设计的化合物。天然产生的化合物可以已由人类制备或者天然形成。
[0014]“治疗”病或者疾病是指治愈以及改善病或者疾病的至少一个症状。
[0015]术语“疗效”是本领域公认的，并且是指由药理学活性物质引起的、在动物特别是哺乳动物以及更特别是人类中的局部或者全身效应。短语“治疗有效量”是指在适于任一治疗的合理的益处/风险比例下产生一些期望的局部或者全身效应的这种物质的量。这种物质的治疗有效量将取决于对象和被治疗的病或者疾病、对象的体重和年龄、疾病或者病的严重性、给药方式等而改变，其可以容易地由本领域技术人员或普通技术人员确定。例如，文中描述的某些组合物可以以足够的量被给予，以便在适于这种治疗的合理的益处/风险比例下产生期望的效应。
[0016]血糖生成指数(glycemic index，GI)是0到100尺度下的碳水化合物等级，所述等级基于食用后它们升高血糖水平的程度。具有高GI(即，70或者更高)的食物是被快速消化和吸收并产生明显的血糖水平波动的那些食物。高GI食物包括面包、米饭、谷类和烘烤物。低GI(即，55或者更低)食物被缓慢消化和吸收并导致血糖和胰岛素水平逐渐增加。低GI食物包括水果、蔬菜、全麦和豆类。低GI饮食已经被显示改善患有1型和2型糖尿病的人的葡萄糖和脂类水平。它们对于体重控制有益处，因为它们帮助控制食欲并延缓饥饿。低GI饮食也降低胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗。
[0017]为了实现重量减轻或者减少代谢综合症或者糖尿病的广泛症状，必须对碳水化合物代谢的代谢途径进行影响。具体地，途径可以通过如下被影响：(1)抑制碳水化合物分解，(2)抑制葡萄糖从消化道吸收和转运到血流，(3)增强葡萄糖吸收和转运到肌肉组织中，(4)抑制或者减少碳水化合物储存为脂肪，(5)抑制葡萄糖异生，以及(6)增强葡萄糖从脂肪释放。对于糖尿病的治疗，必需影响途径(2)、(3)、(5)和(6)。为了获得体重减轻和/或体重控制，必需影响途径(2)到(6)。尽管对于糖尿病治疗或者获得体重减轻而言影响途径(1)不是必需的，但这样做是有益的。
[0018]存在几个天然产生的化合物，其对至少一种代谢途径具有一定程度的影响。生物类黄酮，特别是黄烷酮和黄酮是有用的。黄烷酮具有下面示出的结构(I)并且黄酮具有下面示出的相似结构(II)：
黄烷酮(I) 黄酮(II)
其中R、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5以及R6各自独立地是氢、羟基基团、烷氧基基团、芸香糖基团(rutinosyl group)、鼠李糖基团(rhamnosyl group)、取代的烷氧基基团或者取代的酰氧基基团——其中取代基选自羟基、烷氧基、芳氧基、苯基、卤素以及酰氨基基团。式(I)和(II)的生物类黄酮的几个实例在下面表1中示出。
表1
| 黄酮 | R | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 |
| 黄酮 | H | H | H | H | H | H | H |
| 白杨黄素 | OH | OH | H | H | H | H | H |
| 芹菜配基 | OH | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
| 黄色黄素 | OH | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
| 香叶木甙 | -O-芸香糖 | OH | H | H | OH | OCH3 | H |
| 非瑟酮 | OH | H | OH | H | OH | OH | H |
| 山奈酚 | OH | OH | OH | H | H | OH | H |
| 桑色素 | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | H |
| 槲皮素 | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | OH | H |
| 杨梅黄酮 | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | OH | OH |
| 芸香甙 | OH | OH | -O-芸香糖 | H | OH | OH | H |
| 野漆树甙 | R-G-a | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
| 黄烷酮 | |||||||
| 高良姜精 | OH | OH | OH | H | H | H | H |
| 橙皮素 | OH | OH | H | H | OH | OCH3 | H |
| 圣草酚 | OH | OH | H | H | OH | OH | H |
| 柚皮素 | OH | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
| 柚皮苷 | R-G-a | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
| 新橙皮苷 | R-G-b | OH | H | H | OH | OCH3 | H |
| 橙皮苷 | R-G-b | OH | H | H | OH | OCH3 | H |
| 柚皮芸香甙 | R-G-b | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
| 樱桃甙 | 葡萄糖- | OH | H | H | H | OH | H |
a鼠李糖-葡萄糖，L-鼠李糖以α1→2方式连接到D-葡萄糖
b鼠李糖-葡萄糖，L-鼠李糖以α1→6方式连接到D-葡萄糖
[0019]没有一种生物类黄酮影响所有的代谢途径，并且影响特定途径的那些生物类黄酮不是同等有效的。此外，许多生物类黄酮容易被氧化并且不是热稳定的。作为食物添加剂，许多生物类黄酮是不适合的，因为它们在治疗有效量下赋予食物苦的或者不利的味道。
[0020]据发现，槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸的组合对碳水化合物代谢具有优异的治疗效应，并且在肥胖和糖尿病的治疗中是特别有用的，并且实现体重减轻和/或体重控制。这种天然产生的化合物的组合在自然界中不能从任何单一来源中发现。
[0021]在一种实施方式中，组合物包括的绿原酸比槲皮素比杨梅黄酮的比例为按重量计大约1∶(2-4)∶(2-4)，或者大约1∶(2-3)∶(2-3)或者大约1∶3∶3。
[0022]包括槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸的组合物可以作为饮食补充剂或者作为食品添加剂被给予。该组合物可以被掺入随后被烹煮或者烘烤的食品中。该组合物的组分是结构上稳定的，以便保持未氧化和在烘烤或者烹煮所需的温度下是热稳定的。当以有效量添加到含碳水化合物食品中时，该组合物使糖尿病患者(或者非糖尿病患者)能够食用食品而不经历与其中没有添加该组合物的食品相同的血糖生成反应。因此，该食品可以从高GI(即，70或者更高)食物转变成中GI(即，56-69)或者低GI(即，55或者更低)食物，使得食品更安全地用于糖尿病患者食用。
槲皮素
[0023]槲皮素是在许多植物中发现的生物类黄酮，所述植物包括洋葱、芹菜、葡萄、柠檬、柚子以及蔓越橘(cranberries)等。槲皮素的首要代谢途径抑制机制是导致GLUT2输送抑制，其减慢来自消化道的葡萄糖吸收。槲皮素的第二机制是通过脂肪水解导致糖原分解，其从脂肪组织释放葡萄糖。槲皮素的第三机制是抑制脂肪酸合酶(脂肪生成)，其降低机体将葡萄糖储存为脂肪的能力。
杨梅黄酮
[0024]杨梅黄酮是在大多数浆果以及其他植物中发现的生物类黄酮，所述浆果包括樱桃、蔓越橘以及越橘，所述其他植物包括欧芹和芸苔(rutabaga)。杨梅黄酮的首要代谢途径抑制机制是抑制葡萄糖苷酶，其抑制或者减低淀粉降解，导致较少的可获得的碳水化合物。杨梅黄酮的第二机制是刺激GLUT4途径，其增强葡萄糖摄取进入肌肉和骨骼组织，导致较少的可获得葡萄糖储存为脂肪。杨梅黄酮的第三机制是抑制果糖的吸收。
[0025]存在几种可以从它们的原始植物来源收获槲皮素和/或杨梅黄酮的方法。在一种方法中，例如，从植物来源中提取开始于合适的种子材料如葡萄种子或者西红柿种子，松树皮或者柑橘皮。来源材料被浸软并用水冲洗以从来源材料的较大块果胶和纤维中分离水溶性生物类黄酮。该浆状冲洗物然后如本领域已知用合适的酸和碱处理以产生沉淀。然后再洗涤该沉淀，干燥并且然后浓缩以产生相当纯的生物类黄酮组合物。该组合物可以被进一步净化以产生含有期望生物类黄酮产物的级分。
[0026]在另一种方法中，可以应用反渗透来移去目标生物类黄酮，其通过将其过滤出饮料加工工艺的果汁流而进行。加工果汁如柑橘的工艺从皮中释放生物类黄酮并将它们悬浮在果汁产品中。常常期望除去这些水溶性生物类黄酮，因为它们趋向于在果汁产品中产生苦味或者怪味。例如，在柚子汁的加工过程中，主要的柚子生物类黄酮柚皮苷被释放进入果汁流中。因为柚皮苷具有非常明显的苦味，必需通过使用树脂涂布的反渗透设备从产品流中除去它以恢复柚子汁的合适滋味性质。产生的生物类黄酮最后被收集并干燥以产生相当纯的产物。
[0027]类黄酮也可以通过合成方法被制造。这种方法可以包括Allan-Robinson反应，它是邻-羟基芳基酮与芳香酐形成黄烷酮的化学反应。另一实例是Auwers合成，它是要求苯甲醛与3-氧代戊酮之间酸催化羟醛缩合成邻-羟基查耳酮的方法。烯基团的进一步溴化得到二溴加合物，其通过与氢氧化钾反应重排为黄烷醇。另一实例是Baker-Venkataraman重排，其包括2-乙酰氧基苯乙酮与碱反应形成1，3-二酮。该重排反应通过烯醇化物形成进行，然后是酰基迁移以形成黄烷酮。Algar-Flynn-Oyamada反应也可以被使用。在这一反应中，查耳酮进行氧化环化以形成黄烷醇。
绿原酸
[0028]绿原酸是在一些顺或反肉桂酸与奎尼酸之间形成的酯家族中的一种或者更多种。绿原酸可以通过奎尼酸上酰基残基的身份、数目和位置进行细分。绿原酸及其官能类似物的实例可以由式(III)表示：
绿原酸(III)
其中官能团R1-R4的至少一个独立地表示由式(IV)到(VII)表示的肉桂酸官能团。
咖啡酸(IV) 阿魏酸(V)
芥子酸(VI) 对-香豆酸(VII)
[0029]肉桂酸和它们的衍生物包括一系列3-苯基-丙烯酸，其芳香环上取代的化学基团不同。最普通的肉桂酸是咖啡酸、阿魏酸、芥子酸以及对-香豆酸。绿原酸和几个其优选的官能类似物具有下面的化学结构：
表2
| 化合物 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 |
| 奎尼酸 | OH | OH | OH | OH |
| 1-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸 | (IV) | OH | OH | OH |
| 5-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | OH | (IV) |
| 4-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | (IV) | OH |
| 3-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸 | OH | (IV) | OH | OH |
| 1，3-O-二咖啡酰奎尼酸 | (IV) | (IV) | OH | OH |
| 1，5-O-二咖啡酰奎尼酸 | (IV) | OH | OH | (IV) |
| 3，4-O-二咖啡酰奎尼酸 | OH | (IV) | OH | OH |
| 3，5-O-二咖啡酰奎尼酸 | OH | (IV) | OH | (IV) |
| 4，5-O-二咖啡酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | (IV) | (IV) |
| 1，2，3，4，-O-四咖啡酰奎尼酸 | (IV) | (IV) | (IV) | (IV) |
| 3-O-阿魏酰奎尼酸 | OH | (V) | OH | OH |
| 4-O-阿魏酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | (V) | OH |
| 5-O-阿魏酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | OH | (V) |
| 3-O-对-香豆酰奎尼酸 | OH | (VII) | OH | OH |
| 4-O-对-香豆酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | (VII) | OH |
| 5-O-对-香豆酰奎尼酸 | OH | OH | OH | (VII) |
[0030]使用的绿原化合物优选地来自天然产生来源，例如，作为一种或者更多种植物的提取物。例如，其可以提取自绿咖啡豆、绿可可豆、桂皮、山楂、绿茶、仁果如苹果和梨、核果如樱桃和李子、浆果、柑橘类水果、科芸苔属蔬菜如羽衣甘蓝(kale)、卷心菜(cabbage)以及抱子甘蓝(brussel sprouts)、茄科如马铃薯块茎、番茄以及茄子。其也可以来自谷粒如燕麦、大麦、黑麦、稻米、玉米以及小麦。获得的绿原酸的量和类型取决于具体来源。
[0031]绿原酸的首要代谢途径抑制机制是抑制α-淀粉酶，其抑制复杂碳水化合物分解成可运输的形式。该作用降低可以被吸收的碳水化合物的量。第二机制是抑制葡萄糖6磷酸，其减少肝的葡萄糖异生。其降低肝产生葡萄糖的能力。
[0032]在本发明的一种实施方式中，提供了组合物，其包括大约50到大约500mg槲皮素；大约50到大约500mg杨梅黄酮；以及大约25到大约150mg绿原酸。在另一种实施方式中，组合物包括大约100到大约200mg槲皮素；大约100到大约200mg槲皮素；以及大约30到大约75mg绿原酸。
[0033]组合物可以以饮食补充剂、食物或者饮料添加剂的形式或者作为药物组合物被给予。除了槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸之外，组合物还可以包括一种或者更多种添加剂。
[0034]润湿剂、乳化剂以及润滑剂，如月桂基硫酸钠和硬脂酸镁，以及着色剂，释放剂(release agents)、包衣剂、甜味剂、矫味剂、防腐剂以及抗氧化剂也可以存在于组合物中。
[0035]药学上可接受的抗氧化剂的实例包括：(1)水溶性抗氧化剂，如抗坏血酸、半胱氨酸盐酸盐、硫酸氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠以及类似物；(2)油溶性抗氧化剂，如棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯、丁基化羟基苯甲醚(BHA)、丁化羟基甲苯(BHT)、卵磷脂、没食子酸丙酯、α-生育酚以及类似物；以及(3)金属螯合剂，如柠檬酸、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、山梨醇、酒石酸、磷酸以及类似物。
[0036]适合口服给药的本发明制剂可以是胶囊、扁胶囊、丸剂、片剂、锭剂、粉末、颗粒的形式，或者作为溶液或者在含水或者不含水液体中的悬浮液，或者作为水包油或者油包水乳液，或者作为酏剂或者糖浆，它们各自包含预定量的本发明化合物作为活性成份。
[0037]在本发明用于口服给药的固体剂型中，活性成份与一种或者更多种药学上可接受的载体如柠檬酸钠或者磷酸二钙混合，和/或与以下任何一种混合：(1)填充剂或增量剂，如淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇和/或硅酸；(2)粘合剂，如例如，羧甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和/或阿拉伯胶；(3)保湿剂，如甘油；(4)崩解剂，如琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯或者木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些硅酸盐和碳酸钠；(5)溶解阻滞剂(solution retarding agent)，如石蜡；(6)吸收促进剂，如季胺化合物；(7)润湿剂，如例如，十六醇和单硬脂酸甘油酯；(8)吸收剂，如高岭土和膨润土；(9)润滑剂，如云母、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、月桂基硫酸钠及其混合物；以及(10)着色剂。在胶囊、片剂和丸剂的情况下，药物组合物也可以包括缓冲剂。相似类型的固体组合物也可以在软-和硬-填充的明胶胶囊中用作填料，其使用这样的赋形剂如乳糖或者奶糖以及高分子量聚乙二醇以及类似物。
[0038]在本发明的一种实施方式中，组合物以饮料或者食品的形式被给予。例如，组合物可以被添加到烘烤物如小甜饼(cookies)、核仁巧克力饼(brownies)、薄脆饼干(crackers)、早餐棒(breakfast bar)、能量棒(energy bar)、谷类(cereal)或者蛋糕(cake)中。组合物可以被添加到果汁、碳酸饮料、能量饮料、咖啡或者茶中。槲皮素、杨梅黄酮以及绿原酸是热稳定的并且在储存过程中不会氧化。
[0039]组合物的各个成分，即槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸，与所食用食物的碳水化合物没有任何直接的化学或者物理反应。而是对碳水化合物代谢的作用归因于所述成分与涉及碳水化合物代谢的酶的直接化学反应。因此，该作用由化学反应速率决定，化学反应速率又由类黄酮成分和酶系统成分如GLUT2和GLUT4的浓度决定。
[0040]在一种实施方式中，由绿原酸、杨梅黄酮和槲皮素按重量计1∶3∶3混合物组成的组合物的有效浓度范围是从大约200mg到大约500mg的与食物一起食用的组合物。在一种实施方式中，在一天的开始时服用的每日单剂量是大约750mg。在另一种实施方式中，组合物以每剂大约250mg量、每天三次的剂量被给予。在一种实施方式中，每天给予的组合物总量是至少250mg、或者至少500mg、或者至少750mg或者至少900mg。
[0041]因为对个体对象食用的食物量可以不进行控制，为了每一典型的食物份给予大约250mg的组合物，组合物的浓度根据食物类型和该食物的典型食物份量而改变。例如，如下面所说明，组合物的浓度随着食物变化而变化：
| 食物项 | 典型食物份量 | 组合物 | 浓度 |
| 可乐 | 336ml | 250mg | 0.75mg/ml |
| 果汁 | 168ml | 250mg | 0.67mg/ml |
| 小甜饼 | 40g | 250mg | 6.25mg/g |
| 核仁巧克力饼 | 75g | 250mg | 3.33mg/g |
[0042]当食品包含饮料时，组合物可以每ml饮料大约0.5到大约1.5mg的量被添加到饮料中。当食品包括烘烤食品时，组合物可以每克烘烤食品大约2.5mg到大约10mg的量被添加到烘烤食品中。
[0043]本发明组合物和方法的实施方式在下面的实施例中予以说明。这些实施例提供用于说明目的并且不被认为是对本发明组合物和方法的限制。
实施例
实施例1：
[0044]含有50mg绿原酸、200mg杨梅黄酮和200mg槲皮素的明胶胶囊被口服给予对象，每天三次，与食物一起服用。
实施例2：
[0045]含有柠檬酸钠、100mg羧甲基纤维素、100mg绿原酸、300mg杨梅黄酮以及300mg槲皮素的片剂起床后口服给予，每日一次。
实施例3：
[0046]面包被制造为在面包中，每15克总碳水化合物中包括50mg绿原酸、150mg杨梅黄酮和50mg槲皮素。
实施例4：
[0047]姜饼(Gingerbread cookies)被制造为在每大约30g姜饼份中包括75mg绿原酸、100mg杨梅黄酮以及100mg槲皮素。
实施例5：
[0048]100g运动能量棒被制造为包括75mg绿原酸、300mg杨梅黄酮以及300mg槲皮素。
实施例6：
[0049]含有50mg绿原酸、100mg杨梅黄酮和100mg槲皮素的粉末被撒到食物上，诸如例如，在烹饪后但在食用前的炒蛋上。
实施例7：
[0050]含有按重量计14％的绿原酸、按重量计52％的杨梅黄酮和按重量计34％的槲皮素的混合物的组合物被混合到原汁产品如柚子汁中，以致每1g果汁含有1mg组合物。
实施例8：
[0051]按重量计1∶3∶3比例的绿原酸、杨梅黄酮和槲皮素被悬浮在酏剂中，所述酏剂通过空气混悬包衣被微胶囊化。微胶囊化材料以每1g核仁巧克力饼2mg微胶囊化材料的量被加入到核仁巧克力饼混合物中。核仁巧克力饼混合物作为用于家庭或者商业烘烤的干燥混合物出售，或者核仁巧克力饼被烘烤并作为烘烤物出售。
实施例9：
[0052]按重量计1∶3∶3比例的绿原酸、杨梅黄酮和槲皮素被溶解在蔗糖溶液中。其被结晶以形成具有掺入其结构中的类黄酮的食糖。该糖产品如同标准蔗糖那样被用作其他食品——从咖啡到烘烤品——中的调味料。
[0053]虽然本发明已经涉及不同实施方式予以说明，应当理解的是，在阅读说明书后，其各种修改对于本领域技术人员将是显而易见的。本文描述事项的各种实施方式的特征可以在组合一个事项中。因此，应当理解的是，本文描述的发明意欲包括落入所附权利要求范围之内的这种修改。
Claims (19)
1.用于治疗或者预防糖尿病或者肥胖的组合物，其包括治疗有效量的槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其包括大约50mg到大约500mg槲皮素；大约50mg到大约500mg杨梅黄酮以及大约25mg到大约150mg绿原酸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其包括大约100mg到大约200mg槲皮素；大约100mg到大约200mg杨梅黄酮以及大约30mg到大约75mg绿原酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中绿原酸与槲皮素与杨梅黄酮的比例是按重量计大约1∶3∶3。
5.药物组合物，其包括药学上可接受的载体联合权利要求1到4中任一项所述的组合物。
6.饮食补充剂，其包括可食用的载体联合权利要求1到4中任一项所述的组合物。
7.食品添加剂，其包括权利要求1到4中任一项所述的组合物。
8.食品，其包括可食用的载体联合权利要求1到4中任一项所述的组合物。
9.根据权利要求8的食品，其中所述可食用的载体是小甜饼、核仁巧克力饼、薄脆饼干、早餐棒、能量棒、谷类或者蛋糕。
10.根据权利要求8的食品，其中所述可食用的载体是饮料。
11.治疗或者预防糖尿病或者肥胖的方法，其包括向对象给予权利要求1到4中任一项所述的组合物。
12.根据权利要求11的方法，其中所述对象每天被给予至少750mg所述组合物。
13.降低含碳水化合物食品的血糖生成指数的方法，其包括向所述食品加入有效量的包括槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸的组合物。
14.根据权利要求13的方法，其中所述食品是饮料并且所述组合物以每ml饮料大约0.5mg到大约1.5mg的量被添加到所述饮料中。
15.根据权利要求13的方法，其中所述食品是烘烤品并且所述组合物以每克烘烤品大约2.5mg到大约10mg的量被添加到所述烘烤品中。
16.根据权利要求13的方法，其中所述组合物包括按重量计比例为大约1∶3∶3的绿原酸比槲皮素比杨梅黄酮。
17.用于降低含碳水化合物食品的血糖生成指数的饮食补充剂，其包括有效量的包含槲皮素、杨梅黄酮和绿原酸的组合物。
18.根据权利要求17的饮食补充剂，其中所述组合物包括大约50mg到大约500mg槲皮素；大约50到大约500mg杨梅黄酮以及大约25到大约150mg绿原酸。
19.根据权利要求17的饮食补充剂，其中所述组合物包括按重量计比例为大约1∶3∶3的绿原酸比槲皮素比杨梅黄酮。
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| US60/895,486 | 2007-03-19 | ||
| PCT/US2008/056474 WO2008115723A1 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-03-11 | Composition for treating diabetes and metabolic disorders with quercetin, myrcetin and chlorogenic acid |
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| CN101674821A true CN101674821A (zh) | 2010-03-17 |
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| EP (1) | EP2129371B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2010522185A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101674821B (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0809047B8 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2685031A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101674821B (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
| BRPI0809047B1 (pt) | 2020-09-01 |
| WO2008115723A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
| MX2009009996A (es) | 2010-01-20 |
| US20110118345A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
| CA2685031A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
| JP2010522185A (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
| US20080234364A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
| US8198319B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
| BRPI0809047A2 (pt) | 2014-09-02 |
| US7943164B2 (en) | 2011-05-17 |
| BRPI0809047B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
| EP2129371B1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
| EP2129371A1 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
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