CN101674815A - 用于水溶性活性物质给药的透皮治疗系统 - Google Patents

用于水溶性活性物质给药的透皮治疗系统 Download PDF

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CN101674815A
CN101674815A CN200880003542A CN200880003542A CN101674815A CN 101674815 A CN101674815 A CN 101674815A CN 200880003542 A CN200880003542 A CN 200880003542A CN 200880003542 A CN200880003542 A CN 200880003542A CN 101674815 A CN101674815 A CN 101674815A
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B·阿斯穆森
M·霍斯特曼
C·施米茨
M·扎梅蒂
Y-T·普日比拉
R·普拉克特
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于从水相控释水溶性药物活性物质的透皮治疗系统,其包括闭合的背衬层,面向皮肤的用于释放活性物质的中心体系,同心包围该释放体系的粘合层以及可再揭除的保护膜,其中,所述体系由固定的固相和在水溶液中包含活性物质的液相组成,其中,所述固相由具有纤维网状或海绵状结构的固体形成。

Description

用于水溶性活性物质给药的透皮治疗系统
用于多种活性物质的透皮治疗系统多年来就已在市场上建立起来。这种施用形式使得能够渗入皮肤的药物活性物质穿过健康人皮肤,以达到全身治疗作用的目的。通常这种药物活性物质膏药基于所谓的基质-或贮库/膜膏药,其包含以溶解或晶体形式包埋于主要是亲脂聚合物中的活性物质。大量技术还基于主要是脂溶性助剂的添加,它们部分地应起到改善活性物质的粘合力或扩散性的作用,另一方面,目的还在于加强皮肤本身的吸收作用。
目前对于在亲脂性介质中仅具有有限溶解性的主要是亲水性活性物质在人皮肤上的释放的研究不太深入。虽然已知水凝胶体系,但其粘性的、面向皮肤的基质主要由水组成,因此容许使用良好水溶性的活性物质。不过这种体系的缺点在于,尤其是高分子药物活性物质在到达皮肤之前其扩散性能通过存在的聚合物凝胶骨架被明显抑制。
在美国专利US 5 707 641中描述了一种由含水乳液或分散体构成的药物配制剂,尤其用于透皮应用,其除了水相外,还包含作为活性物质的药物活性的蛋白质或多肽、乳化剂和油相。该专利文本还公开一种用于透皮给药所述配制剂的基质,其由多孔的、吸收性和单层的固体材料构成,该固体材料包含被吸收的所述配制剂。该基质可以额外设置能透气的(即非闭合的)柔韧背衬层。
在EP 0 412 869 B1中提供了一种用于局部处理皮肤表面的复合膜,其包括闭合层和贮库层。后者由硅树脂聚合物构成的基质形成,并且在内包体中包含具有药物活性物质的水性凝胶层。为了强化,所述贮库层可以包含由穿孔的纤维无纺布(Faservlies)形成的衬垫,然而在此情况下,该衬垫不与含活性物质的凝胶接触。由说明书和权利要求明显的是,该复合膜只适合皮肤的局部处理,因为没有说明保证全身透皮施用所需的控释活性物质的措施。
所述最后提到的缺陷还存在于根据印度专利文本IN 187032以及DE 42 23 004 A1用于施用含活性物质的水性配制剂的建议上,其中描述了将非计量的水性配制剂施用在皮肤上。这两个出版物都没有公开针对在人皮肤上区域准确地施用以及水溶性活性物质不受阻碍地扩散的方案。另外,针对防止蒸发的问题,现有技术没有给出答案。包含挥发性内含物尤其是水的复合型药物制剂在皮肤上因挥发性成分蒸发而在配制剂中发生计划外的改变。因此,通过无遮盖地涂布在皮肤上或任选仅施用薄膜不能回避该问题,因为含活性物质的液态配制剂本身在皮肤上不受控地扩展开,由此作用区域扩大并且此外不能保证活性物质在皮肤上的固定。
长时间以来被视为确定的事实是,在透皮治疗系统中存在的不可渗透的(闭合的)背衬层通常提高活性物质的皮肤渗透性(Ann.Red.Med.,Vol.33,18(1982);S.475,476,美国专利US 4 597 961(1986),2栏,61-65行)。然而,新近的出版物表明,在闭合的条件下,人皮肤的透入性或渗透性只有对于通过亲脂性活性物质才提高,而对于通过亲水性和弱亲脂性活性物质的透入性或渗透性保持不变(Bucks,D.A.等人,J.Invest Dermatol 1988 Jul;91(1):29-33;Treffel P.;Skin Pharmacol.1992,5(2),108-113)。
现在令人惊讶地发现,根据本发明的透皮治疗系统(包括连贯的、同心设置的不溶于水的粘合层边缘,起闭合作用的对活性物质而言不可渗透的背衬层,面向皮肤的用于从水相释放亲水性活性物质的体系和可揭除的保护膜),能够从释放体系控释活性物质并提高通过皮肤的渗透性。
根据本发明的透皮治疗系统可以具体地如下描述:
用于释放活性物质的中心体系由两相组成,其中,固定的固相由可以是柔韧的并且具有纤维状或开孔的纤维网-或海绵状结构的固体形成,并且其中液相由包含药物活性的活性物质的水溶液、乳液或悬浮液形成。
所述两相释放体系被由常规粘性聚合物构成的粘合层边缘同心包围。在本发明优选的方案中,该边缘在其厚度方面被由非粘合性聚合物形成的层所加强,在此情况下,该层也可以以闭孔泡沫形式存在。通过该层的厚度,该厚度为200-5000μm,优选500-2000μm,也可以调节中心释放体系的容积。
所述释放体系可以是圆形的或者是方形或矩形的,其角可以是修成圆形的或者倒角的(图1)。如果是圆形释放体系,则粘合层边缘是环状的。
通过附图1和图2更详细地解释本发明。
图1显示根据本发明的透皮治疗系统的俯视图。
图2显示根据本发明的系统的截面图。
1表示中心释放体系,2表示由至少一种非粘合性聚合物形成的层,3表示粘合层,4表示释放-衬垫,5表示闭合的背衬层。
中心释放体系的固定相是固相,其可以是硬质的或柔韧的,并且具有纤维状的、开孔的、纤维网状或海绵状结构。作为用于这种固相的材料,可以考虑选自合成或天然纤维材料的物质,例如纤维素、粘胶纤维、聚酯纤维、聚氨酯纤维、硅树脂纤维等,优选所谓的“非织造”-材料,例如无纺布(Vliese)。
作为中心释放体系的液相,使用亲水性的(即良好水溶性的)药物活性物质的水溶液,在此情况下,该水溶液也可以是乳液或悬浮液的一部分。
所述液相除了为形成乳液或悬浮液所需的助剂外,还可以包含其它助剂,例如能够形成脂质体的助剂。
在本发明上下文中,亲水性活性物质应该理解为那些在水中比在有机介质中具有更高溶解性的物质。该组物质包括大量药物,这些药物的透皮应用目前来说或者完全不可能或者仅在有限程度上是可能的。属于此的例如是肾上腺素、肝素、甲氧氯普胺(Methoclopramid)盐酸盐、沙丁胺醇盐酸盐,其它肽或多肽,例如加压素、胰岛素、生长激素或降钙素。
对于所述闭合的背衬层考虑烯属薄膜,例如那些由聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚氨酯构成的薄膜,然而优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜。粘合层边缘可以由聚异戊二烯类、聚异丁烯类或聚丙烯酸酯类的聚合物或者由聚硅氧烷共聚物构成。
由非粘合性聚合物构成的层,该层用于加强粘合层边缘,由聚烯烃构成,优选由这些材料中至少一种的泡沫构成。
以下关于半固态或液态的含活性物质的配制剂的实施例应阐明本发明,而非对其进行限制。
实施例1:半固体配制剂
  纯净水(Aqua purificata)   10g
  苯甲酸钠   0.03g
  胆汁盐   0.8g
  胆固醇   0.7g
  聚氧化乙烯   0.8g
  肽   0.1g
  SDS   0.5g
  甘油   2.0g
实施例2:液体配制剂
  纯净水(Aqua purificata)   10g
  对羟基苯甲酸(PHB)   0.03g
  肽   0.1g
  Marcrogol   0.8g
  失水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯   0.8g
  中链甘油三酯   0.5g
  甘油   1.0g

Claims (13)

1.用于从水相控释水溶性药物活性物质的透皮治疗系统,其包括闭合的背衬层,面向皮肤的用于释放活性物质的中心体系,同心包围该释放体系的粘合层以及可再揭除的保护膜,其特征在于,所述体系由固定的固相和在水溶液中包含活性物质的液相组成,其中,所述固相由具有纤维网状或海绵状结构的固体形成。
2.根据权利要求1的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述中心释放体系的固相是硬质的或柔韧的。
3.根据权利要求1和2的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述固相具有纤维状的结构和/或开孔的、纤维网状或海绵状的结构。
4.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述固相由至少一种合成的和/或天然的纤维材料构成。
5.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述固相由无纺布构成。
6.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述中心释放体系的液相由药物活性物质的水溶液构成。
7.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述中心释放体系的液相由包含药物活性物质的水溶液的悬浮液或乳液形成。
8.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述闭合的背衬层对药物活性物质而言是不可渗透的。
9.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,所述同心包围中心释放体系的粘合层由粘性聚合物构成。
10.根据权利要求9的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,为了增加厚度,所述粘合层通过由非粘合性聚合物形成的至少一层来加强。
11.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,作为药物活性物质,使用肾上腺素、肝素、甲氧氯普胺盐酸盐或沙丁胺醇盐酸盐。
12.根据前述权利要求至少一项的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,作为药物活性物质,使用肽或多肽。
13.根据权利要求12的透皮治疗系统,其特征在于,使用加压素、胰岛素、生长激素或降钙素。
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US20100028412A1 (en) 2010-02-04
CA2676217A1 (en) 2008-08-14
DE102007006244A1 (de) 2008-08-14
EP2114385A2 (de) 2009-11-11
JP2014012711A (ja) 2014-01-23
EP2114385B1 (de) 2020-03-18
KR101452536B1 (ko) 2014-10-21
MX2009008545A (es) 2009-08-18
JP2010518033A (ja) 2010-05-27
KR20090108056A (ko) 2009-10-14
BRPI0806856A2 (pt) 2016-12-06
WO2008095597A2 (de) 2008-08-14
CA2676217C (en) 2015-03-17
CN101674815B (zh) 2015-07-22
AU2008213446A1 (en) 2008-08-14
ES2795372T3 (es) 2020-11-23
ZA200904563B (en) 2010-04-28
US11612571B2 (en) 2023-03-28
WO2008095597A3 (de) 2009-11-26
DE102007006244B4 (de) 2012-03-15

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