CN101671987A - Cement concrete permeable brick, permeable road and production methods thereof - Google Patents
Cement concrete permeable brick, permeable road and production methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101671987A CN101671987A CN200910023692A CN200910023692A CN101671987A CN 101671987 A CN101671987 A CN 101671987A CN 200910023692 A CN200910023692 A CN 200910023692A CN 200910023692 A CN200910023692 A CN 200910023692A CN 101671987 A CN101671987 A CN 101671987A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cement concrete permeable brick, a cement concrete permeable road and production methods thereof. At present, most of urban construction adopting the rigid hardened ground has the problems of dust blowing at a fine day, water accumulation and impermeable ground at a rainy day, no groundwater level supplement, no relief of urban heat island effect, and the like. The invention aims to develop a cement concrete permeable brick, a cement concrete permeable road and production methods thereof. The cement concrete permeable brick is formed by pressing and molding a base material layer and a surface material layer, and both the base material layer and the surface material layer contain cement, sand, stone, water adsorbing resin, asphalt powder, diffusant and a water reducing agent. The production method of the permeable brick is realized by molding the permeable brick by a computer full-automatic building block forming machine; and the production method of the cement concrete permeable road is realized by directly pressing the cement concrete permeable road through a road roller. The invention can achieve the aims of water adsorption, water retention, permeability and practicability, can be widely used for a highway, an airport runway, a roadway, a footway, a square, garden construction, and the like and solve the problem of road icing.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the permeable brick of a kind of cement concrete, porous pavement and production method thereof, include two kinds of forms of permeable brick and porous pavement, all belong to building materials field.
Two, background technology
At present, the hardened grounds that adopt rigidity in the urban construction more, lay ground such as urban road, square, sidewalk as materials such as lithotome, bright brick, cement, pitches, as having given on the big area an air-locked armor, make the city fine dry, sultry, stir up a cloud of dust, ponding wet and slippery even cause local flooding in the rainy day.The earth can not be penetrating, and soil can not be breathed, and groundwater table can not get replenishing, and urban heat land effect can not get alleviating, and airborne suspension is difficult to many harm such as sedimentation adherence ground.Along with water resource flows away by drainage pipe, not only increased the weight of the urban sewerage and drainage burden simultaneously, also had influence on the normal growth of urban vegetation, ground flora, increased the weight of municipal greening water and irrigated burden.
In the prior art, it is that CN200610140628.7, name are called the patent of " composite water permeable brick " that State Intellectual Property Office discloses number of patent application in 2007.05.23, this permeable brick comprises permeable top layer and porous base course, and permeable top layer and porous base course are closely as one; The cementing agent that includes aggregate and coating aggregate in permeable top layer and the porous base course respectively; At least include hydrophilic agglomerant in the cementing agent in the described permeable top layer.The cementing agent except that hydrophilic agglomerant (hydrophilic resin cementing agent) in the permeable top layer is a resinoid bond.The hydrophilic resin cementing agent is one or more in epoxy resin, polyurethane and the acrylic resin; Molecular side chain in above-mentioned epoxy resin, polyurethane and the acrylic resin contains hydrophilic carboxylate, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain and contains the non-ionic hydrophilic segment.The composite water permeable brick that the bonding grains of sand of this employing adhesive are made, adhesive belongs to chemical products and costs an arm and a leg.This permeable brick is the equal surperficial pastiness of color whatsoever, mainly is that the adhesive intrinsic colour causes, and adds this permeable brick cost height, price height, and the market approval rate is minimum.
Disclosing the patent No. on May 6th, 2009 in addition is a kind of ceramic water-permeable brick of 200810219227.x and preparation method thereof, and it is to be formed by sintering after the pulverization process such as waste ceramic.Though this permeable brick has solved partly useless porcelain and has utilized problem since must be under the high temperature more than 1000 degree sintering, complex manufacturing technology, cost is higher.
Also have the relevant patent information of the water-permeable concrete floor brick made from concrete in addition, as: in the 2007.05.16 bulletin patent No.: CN200510200526.5, title: high-strength water-permeable concrete floor brick and production method thereof; Make basic unit earlier, with cement 18-21%, the big rubble 18-21% of 3-5mm small crushed stone 50-55%, 7-10mm, Concrete admixtures 0.1-6% by weight ratio; 0.2-0.23 stirs according to water/binder ratio, pours in the mould vibration moulding into; Make surface layer then, with cement 15-22%, quartz sand 76-85%, Concrete admixtures 0.1-6%, redispersable latex powder 0.2-0.6%, water/binder ratio by weight ratio: 0.24-0.26 stirs, and be poured on basic unit's layer of fresh moulding, again through vibration moulding, the demoulding, maintenance, go out finished product.The permeable brick that the method is made mainly comes permeable by the space between big small crushed stone, appearance is coarse, influences the overall appearance degree on road surface.
Present existing concrete permeable brick is a primary raw material with cement and stone, finishes with cement-bonded stone, and this permeable brick is permeable effective, but appearance is not attractive in appearance, and it is permeable to belong to the space, with oneself visible " honeycomb ".
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop the permeable brick of a kind of cement concrete; porous pavement and production method thereof; be by adding water-repelling agent on the basis of general cement concrete; additional materials such as diffusant make its concrete products (including two kinds of form of structure of permeable brick and porous pavement) can reach suction; water conservation; permeable; practical purpose; realize the effect of large-scale production; thereby reach the intensity of country about porous pavement and permeable brick flooring; permeable; requirements such as application life; be widely used in the expressway; airport runways; roadway; the sidewalk; scope such as square and landscape hardwork also can be alleviated or solve simultaneously icy on road; urban heat land effect; cost is crossed problems such as height.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The permeable brick of a kind of cement concrete, porous pavement are made of binder layer and the repressed moulding of precoat, and it is characterized in that: the material of basic unit and surface layer is prepared respectively, and wherein: the percentage by weight proportioning of basic unit's material is as follows:
Cement: 10%----20%,
Sand: 15%----25%,
Stone: 25%----35%,
Water-absorbing resin SAP:0.1%----0.5%,
Asphalt powder: 1%----15%,
Dispersing agent NNO: 1%----6%,
Water reducing agent FDN:1%----6%,
Water: 2%----15%,
The weight content percentage sum of above-mentioned basic unit material component is 100%;
The percentage by weight proportioning of capstock is as follows:
Cement: 20%----30%,
Sand: 15%----25%,
Inorganic pigment: 2%----18%,
Water-absorbing resin SAP:0.1%----0.5%,
Asphalt powder: 1%----15%,
Dispersing agent NNO: 1%----6%,
Water reducing agent FDN:1%----6%,
Water: 2%----15%,
Stone: 0%----10%,
The weight content percentage sum of above-mentioned capstock component is 100%;
The technical solution used in the present invention also comprises:
The permeable brick of described cement concrete, porous pavement is characterized in that:
In the material of basic unit and surface layer, the sand particle diameter requires 0.1mm-2mm, and cobble-stone diameter requires 3mm--40mm, and asphalt powder requires the 100-----400 order; Asphalt powder is water-repelling agent, all can replace with natural asphalt or oil field mud or its combined material; Diffusant (NNO) is also referred to as dispersing agent, can replace with diffusant (MF) material; Water reducing agent FDN is also referred to as super plasticizer, can replace with the early-strength anti-freezing agent material.
Make the above-mentioned permeable brick of cement concrete, the production method of porous pavement, it is characterized in that: production method has two kinds: a kind of is to make permeable brick to come road surface pavement, and another is directly to make the road surface by road roller pressing;
Produce the permeable brick method of above-mentioned cement concrete porous pavement: adopt commercially available computer fully-automatic building block forming machine equipment, make permeable brick by twice cloth, machine-processed one-time formed method; Method is that cloth is a base-material for the first time, and base-material is true qualities, and cloth is a surface layer for the second time, and surface layer is a chromatograph, and the chromatograph color comprises redness, yellow, blue look, green, white, black, the various patterns of cinerous, and surface thickness is controlled at 2mm-8mm; Underlayer thickness is controlled at 20mm--100mm, and usual thickness is 32mm-86mm; Earlier the siccative in the above-mentioned basic unit material is mixed by mixer and add suitable quantity of water again and stir, being the dried state that looses gets final product, pass through twice cloth of computer fully-automatic building block forming machine equipment, machine-processed one-shot forming again, the demoulding becomes goods then,, can come into operation more than 28 days at water seasoning after under the standard normal temperature and pressure 24 hours through being up to the standards;
Producing above-mentioned cement concrete porous pavement is directly to make the method on road surface by road roller pressing: adopt tiling machine secondary material distributing, one-time formed method, the end is a base-material, surface layer is painted, bottom base-material THICKNESS CONTROL is at 50mm-500mm, surface thickness is controlled at 0mm-30mm, the concrete thickness of roadbed below its base-material decides according to the carrying situation on road surface, preparation method is the siccative in the basic unit material and the siccative in the surface layer to be mixed by mixer respectively add suitable quantity of water more respectively and stir, be tiled in respectively on the clean roadbed that will lay, flatten repeatedly with road roller, compacting rate reaches more than 94% and gets final product.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention's permeable brick of cement concrete and porous pavement of making of filling a prescription all can meet or exceed national standard, detects through overtesting, and performance indications are:
1. compressive strength
Single minimum value 〉=the 30MPa in Cc35 standard means 〉=35
2. abrasion resistance
Mill hole length≤31mm
3. water retention 〉=0.7g/cm2
4. coefficient of permeability (15 ℃) 〉=1.3 * 10
-2Cm/s
5. frost resistance
25 freeze thawing circulation back presentation quality meets mass deviation, compressive strength loss late 7.2%.
2, the present invention can be alleviated the heat island effect in city, keeps the nature of soil, replenishes the ecological water level of the earth, eliminate a large amount of ponding on road surface, reduce the urban surface flow, regulate the relative humidity of air, improve the living environment of vegetation, recover the breathing difficult problem on the face of land.Have and promptly keep the original contour structures of pavior brick, form the staggered permeable pore of dense planting again in vivo, formed the very high ability and the airing function that see through rainwater, the present invention surpasses national standard: coefficient of permeability (15 ℃) 〉=1.0 * 10
-2Cm/s; Particularly surface layer has formed finer and close surface, can also form the surface of different colours, and not only smooth also making has closely knit permeable pore on the brick face, guarantees higher permeability rate and airing function.The permeable brick of such cement concrete, porous pavement, can be with ground water rapid osmotic to underground, the water that sees through makes the soil obtain sufficient moisture content, help the growth of plant and the purification of ambient air, the heat island phenomenon in city is alleviated in the face of the regulating action of environment in water and soil around keeping and ground; Such porous pavement also has higher skid resistance, has guaranteed safe enforcement; The process of make producing can be with short time, the road surface that less energy consumption is efficiently produced even permeability rate.
3, cement concrete porous pavement and permeable brick thereof have quality height, outward appearance U.S., permeable good, rainy day ground does not have ponding, and wet footwear make soil penetrating, increase air humidity, the effect that allows the earth freely breathe.
4, raw material wide material sources of the present invention are with low cost.Main system finishes with the method for material natural coagulation moulding such as sand, stone, cement are in addition hydrophobic, strengthen, preserve moisture.Present existing concrete permeable brick is a primary raw material with cement and stone, finishes with cement-bonded stone, and this permeable brick is permeable effective, but appearance is not attractive in appearance, and it is permeable to belong to the space, with oneself visible " honeycomb ".Cement concrete porous pavement and permeable brick thereof, smooth in appearance, attractive in appearance, permeable good.The present invention is that pore plays in concrete from the water conservation that absorbs water again to permeable physical process by hydrophobic material and suction material which can retain moisture.The present invention preserves moisture, water retention can also play and absorb airborne dust, reaches the effect that improves air quality.
Four, the specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: the permeable brick of a kind of cement concrete, constitute by binder layer and the repressed moulding of precoat, the material of basic unit and surface layer is prepared respectively, wherein: basic unit's material selects 11 groups, the percentage by weight proportioning is as follows: cement: any one value all can between 10% to 20%, as 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20% (down together), sand: any one value all can between 15% to 25%, stone: any one value all can between 25% to 35%, any one value all can between the water-absorbing resin SAP:0.1% to 0.5%, asphalt powder: any one value all can between 1% to 15%, dispersing agent NNO: any one value all can between 1% to 6%, any one value all can between the water reducing agent FDN:1% to 6%, water: any one value all can between 2% to 15%, the preparation respectively of above-mentioned 11 groups of basic units material, each composition weight content percentage sum is 100%.
11 groups of basic units' material above 11 groups of capstock correspondences, 11 groups of capstock percentage by weight proportionings are as follows: cement: any one value all can between the 20%-30%, as 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30% (down together), sand: any one value all can between the 15%-25%, inorganic pigment: any one value all can between the 2%-18%, any one value all can between the water-absorbing resin SAP:0.1%-0.5%, asphalt powder: any one value all can between the 1%-15%, dispersing agent NNO: any one value all can between the 1%-6%, any one value all can between the water reducing agent FDN:1%-6%, water: any one value all can between the 2%-15%, stone: any one value all can between the 0%-10%, above-mentioned 11 groups of capstocks are prepared respectively, and each composition weight content percentage sum is 100%.
In the above-mentioned basic unit and the material of surface layer, the sand particle diameter requires the 0.1-2mm order, and cobble-stone diameter requires 3----40mm, and asphalt powder requires the 100-----400 order; Asphalt powder is water-repelling agent, can replace with natural asphalt or oil field mud material or its combination; Diffusant (NNO) is also referred to as dispersing agent, can replace with diffusant (MF) material; Water reducing agent FDN is also referred to as super plasticizer, can replace with the early-strength anti-freezing agent material.
Production method has two kinds: a kind of is to make permeable brick to come road surface pavement, and another is directly to make the road surface by road roller pressing;
Produce the permeable brick method of above-mentioned cement concrete porous pavement: adopt commercially available computer fully-automatic building block forming machine equipment, make permeable brick by twice cloth, machine-processed one-time formed method; Method is that cloth is a base-material for the first time, base-material is true qualities, cloth is a surface layer for the second time, surface layer is a chromatograph, the chromatograph color comprises various patterns such as redness, yellow, blue look, green, white, black, cinerous, surface thickness is controlled at 2mm-8mm, all can as 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 millimeters; Underlayer thickness is controlled at 20mm--100mm, can both use as any one numerical value between its scopes such as 20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100, usual thickness is 32mm-86mm, in like manner, also be that any one numerical value between its scope can both use, here need to prove that minimum value is 40 after usual thickness and the surface thickness addition, maximum value is 90, local just relevant administrative department makes the claimed range of permeable brick, if other areas require also can exceed this usual thickness value certainly.
Preparation method is that the siccative in that it(?) earlier will above-mentioned ten groups of basic units expecting mixes by mixer respectively and adds suitable quantity of water more respectively and stir, being the dried state that looses gets final product, ten groups of basic units expect that corresponding ten groups of capstocks all distinguish each group through twice cloth of computer fully-automatic building block forming machine equipment, machine-processed one-shot forming, the demoulding then, after 24 hours at water seasoning under the standard normal temperature and pressure more than 28 days, can come into operation through being up to the standards, become ten groups of permeable bricks at last.
Producing above-mentioned cement concrete porous pavement is directly to make the method on road surface by road roller pressing: in like manner, ten groups of basic unit's material adopt tiling machine secondary material distributing, one-time formed method, at the bottom of ten groups base-material corresponding ten groups of surface layers respectively, surface layer is painted, bottom base-material THICKNESS CONTROL any one numerical value of 50mm-500mm scope all can, surface thickness is controlled at any one numerical value of 0mm-30mm scope and all can, the surface thickness here also all is to decide according to customer requirement also at 0 numerical value.The concrete thickness of roadbed below its base-material decides according to the carrying situation on road surface, preparation method is the siccative in the basic unit material and the siccative in the surface layer to be mixed by mixer respectively add suitable quantity of water more respectively and stir, be tiled in respectively on the clean roadbed that will lay, flatten repeatedly with road roller, compacting rate reaches more than 94% and gets final product.
In addition, in the material of the present invention, all materials can both be found on the net and buy, as water-absorbing resins (Super Absorbent Polymer, be called for short SAP), network address http://www.southcn.com/jsfw/ztc/content/2008-11/20/content_4717 694.htm (southerly net).Common name high hydroscopic resin, water-absorbing resin, being used for different industries has specialty to be commonly called as agricultural water-loss reducer, optical cable water-blocking powder, macromolecule water uptake pearl, synthetic quartz mud, heat storage and cold accumulation agent etc. again.The k1-sap main chemical compositions is a low cross-linking type polyacrylic acid sodium salt, belongs to the new function macromolecule water absorbent material.The deionized water of its can absorptance self heavy hundreds of or thousands of times.After the suction gel, even pressurization also is difficult to expressed water.
Dispersing agent NNO and for example, network address http://www.qianyan.biz/sshow-16583405.html
Chemical compound: bitter edible plant sulfonic acid and formaldehyde proterties:
Profile: the brown powdery of rice; Dissolving
Performance: be soluble in the water of any hardness;
PH-value: 1% aqueous ph value 7-9;
Ionization value: anionic;
Stability: acidproof, alkaline-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-hard water, anti-inorganic salts;
Combination: can leave with the moon, son and non-ly leave, the sub-surface activating agent; use the specification of dispatching from the factory simultaneously: meet the GB9296-88 performance: have superior proliferating property and protecting colloid performance; but there are not surface-actives such as infiltration foaming; protein and Fypro there are affinity, fibers such as cotton, fiber crops are not had affinity.Purposes: printing and dyeing industry is mainly used in the reducing dye pigment pad dyeing, procrypsis acid-dyeing, the dyeing of dispersiveness and soluble vat dye etc.Can be used for the dyeing of silk/hair union, silk is gone up does not have colouring yet.Diffusion auxiliary agent, rubber latex stability when dye industry mainly is used as the manufacturing of dispersion and color lake, and leather auxiliary tanning agent.
In addition early strength antifreezing agent as
Http:// www.99114.com/Corp/SjInfo_862683_provide.htmlThe network address of water reducing agent FDN as
Http:// www.gze.cn/busiif_JPHQLMCRCPI4.htmlDeng.
Working mechanism of the present invention: make the porous pavement that permeable brick comes road surface pavement and directly makes by road roller pressing, not by the entity structure space permeable realize permeable, but on the basis of the characteristics such as intensity that do not change the artificial stone of cement concrete, the present invention solves suction by pore, water conservation, permeable problem, suction and water conservation are realized by high hydroscopic resin Sap material, permeablely realize by the water-repelling agent material, it is to be uniformly dispersed that dispersing agent is also referred to as the diffusant effect, realizes evenly distributing various additives in integral body, additional materials such as colorant.High efficiency water reducing agent FDN is used for improving concrete strength.Permeable process reaches the water conservation state before this by suction after saturated, under hydraulic pressure and hydrophobic acting in conjunction, realizes permeable again.
Claims (3)
1, the permeable brick of a kind of cement concrete, porous pavement are made of binder layer and the repressed moulding of precoat, and it is characterized in that: the material of basic unit and surface layer is prepared respectively, and wherein: the percentage by weight proportioning of basic unit's material is as follows:
Cement: 10%----20%,
Sand: 15%----25%,
Stone: 25%----35%,
Water-absorbing resin SAP:0.1%----0.5%,
Asphalt powder: 1%----15%,
Dispersing agent NNO: 1%----6%,
Water reducing agent FDN:1%----6%,
Water: 2%----15%,
The weight content percentage sum of above-mentioned basic unit material component is 100%;
The percentage by weight proportioning of capstock is as follows:
Cement: 20%----30%,
Sand: 15%----25%,
Inorganic pigment: 2%----18%,
Water-absorbing resin SAP:0.1%----0.5%,
Asphalt powder: 1%----15%,
Dispersing agent NNO: 1%----6%,
Water reducing agent FDN:1%----6%,
Water: 2%----15%,
Stone: 0%----10%,
The weight content percentage sum of above-mentioned capstock component is 100%;
2, the permeable brick of cement concrete according to claim 1, porous pavement is characterized in that:
In the material of basic unit and surface layer, the sand particle diameter requires 0.1mm-2mm, and cobble-stone diameter requires 3mm--40mm, and asphalt powder requires the 100-----400 order; Asphalt powder is water-repelling agent, all can replace with natural asphalt or oil field mud or its combined material; Diffusant (NNO) is also referred to as dispersing agent, can replace with diffusant (MF) material; Water reducing agent FDN is also referred to as super plasticizer, can replace with the early-strength anti-freezing agent material.
3, make claim 1 or 2 the permeable brick of cement concrete, the production method of porous pavement, it is characterized in that: production method has two kinds: a kind of is to make permeable brick to come road surface pavement, and another is directly to make the road surface by road roller pressing;
Produce the permeable brick method of above-mentioned cement concrete porous pavement: adopt commercially available computer fully-automatic building block forming machine equipment, make permeable brick by twice cloth, machine-processed one-time formed method; Method is that cloth is a base-material for the first time, and base-material is true qualities, and cloth is a surface layer for the second time, and surface layer is a chromatograph, and the chromatograph color comprises redness, yellow, blue look, green, white, black, the various patterns of cinerous, and surface thickness is controlled at 2mm-8mm; Underlayer thickness is controlled at 20mm--100mm, and usual thickness is 32mm-86mm; Earlier the siccative in the above-mentioned basic unit material is mixed by mixer and add suitable quantity of water again and stir, being the dried state that looses gets final product, pass through twice cloth of computer fully-automatic building block forming machine equipment, machine-processed one-shot forming again, the demoulding becomes goods then,, can come into operation more than 28 days at water seasoning after under the standard normal temperature and pressure 24 hours through being up to the standards;
Producing above-mentioned cement concrete porous pavement is directly to make the method on road surface by road roller pressing: adopt tiling machine secondary material distributing, one-time formed method, the end is a base-material, surface layer is painted, bottom base-material THICKNESS CONTROL is at 50mm-500mm, surface thickness is controlled at 0mm-30mm, the concrete thickness of roadbed below its base-material decides according to the carrying situation on road surface, preparation method is the siccative in the basic unit material and the siccative in the surface layer to be mixed by mixer respectively add suitable quantity of water more respectively and stir, be tiled in respectively on the clean roadbed that will lay, flatten repeatedly with road roller, compacting rate reaches more than 94% and gets final product.
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2009
- 2009-08-26 CN CN200910023692A patent/CN101671987A/en active Pending
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