CN101654541B - 一种增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料 - Google Patents
一种增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料及制备方法。将聚甲醛、磁性粉体润滑剂、稳定剂、偶联剂按一定的比例分两步混合后，采用单螺杆挤出机熔融混炼、造粒。采用本发明方法制备的增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料兼具优异抗静电性能、抗冲击性能，同时具有导热和弱磁性的复合多功能材料，工艺简单易操作。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料，属聚合物加工领域。
背景技术：
自从1959年美国Du Pont公司开发并成功工业化以来，聚甲醛以其优异的性能迅速发展成为五大工程塑料之一。聚甲醛主链为(-CH2O-)n，分子链几乎没有分支，碳原子上只带氢原子，结构规整性高，碳氧键键能高，内聚能密度高，聚集紧密，结晶度较高。具有优异的强度和刚性，良好的耐腐蚀、耐磨、自润滑和抗蠕变性能，突出的耐疲劳性能，是工程塑料中机械性能最接近金属的材料。广泛应用于汽车、纺织配件、电子电器工业、精密机械、五金建材等领域。但也存在一些不足之处，如冲击韧性低、缺口敏感性大、耐热性差、摩擦系数较高等。这些缺点极大地限制了聚甲醛在各个领域中应用范围的扩大。03151026.4、00410040158.8和200310104023.9公开了聚甲醛中添加聚氨酯或聚酯弹性体制备了高耐磨增韧聚甲醛工程塑料合金，可用于高速、高压、高热条件下动力传动传导零部件。200610022223.3在聚甲醛中加入聚氧化乙烯制备了高韧性、耐磨自润滑聚甲醛材料。200610022223.3和200310104042.1采用聚甲醛树脂、超高分子量聚乙烯树脂、低分子量聚乙烯、脂肪酸类表面活性剂和聚甲醛热稳定剂为原料，制备了高耐磨自润滑性聚甲醛树脂。以上专利都是通过在聚甲醛中添加弹性体来提高复合材料的冲击性能，但以牺牲了复合材料的刚性为代价。200510020429.8公开了采用弹性体和无机超细粉体如碳酸钙、滑石粉、二氧化硅等中的一种组成复合粉体增韧聚甲醛，200510095640.6公开了用含超细氧化物(如：二氧化钛、二氧化硅等)经接枝后改性聚甲醛，提高聚甲醛的力学、热学和摩擦性能，但工序复杂，需接枝、离心、洗涤、干燥制的接枝混合物，此法工序复杂、生产效率低。
发明内容：
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷，提供一种兼具优异抗静电性能、抗冲击性能和同时具有导热和弱磁性的复合多功能材料，且工艺简单易操作。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：一种增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料，其特征在于，包括以下组分及含量(重量份)：
聚甲醛 50-85
磁性粉体 3-40
润滑剂 0.1-2
稳定剂 0.1-1
偶联剂 0.001-1
所述的磁性粉体为微米或纳米级铁粉。
所述的润滑剂为石蜡、硅油、硬脂酸类化合物。
所述稳定剂为三聚氰胺或双氰胺与氧化钠、氧化镁、氢氧化镁中任一种并用。
所述的偶联剂为钛酸酯类偶联剂。
增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，首先将磁性粉体与偶联剂用高速混料机混合均匀，再与聚甲醛、润滑剂、稳定剂混合均匀后，通过单螺杆挤出机挤出、冷却、干燥、切粒，得到产品。
与现有传统技术相比，本发明通过选择多功能的磁性粉体，得到具有抗静电性、冲击强度和一定磁电性能的改性聚甲醛复合材料。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1-3：
以聚甲醛为基料，其各组合物的组分含量(重量份)列于表1中。
(1)首先将磁性粉体与偶联剂加入用高速混料机中，混合10-15分钟；再将其与聚甲醛、润滑剂、稳定剂在高速混料机中混合10-15分钟，转速800rpm。
(2)将(1)所得混合物通过双螺杆挤出机熔融、混炼、挤出、冷却、干燥、切粒和包装，得到产品。螺杆的各段温度为170—190℃，螺杆转速为120rpm；再将粒料放入烘箱中(80℃)干燥3小时。最后将干燥好的粒料倒入注塑机注射成型，制得标准试样，注射温度为170-195℃，制成标准样条供性能测试，分别测试试样的拉伸性能、弯曲性能、冲击性能，均按照国标进行测试。
表1 增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料的组分含量
| 序号 | 材料名称 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
| 1 | 聚甲醛 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| 2 | 磁性粉体 | 0 | 3 | 5 |
| 3 | 润滑剂 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| 4 | 稳定剂 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 偶联剂 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
上述的磁性粉体为纳米级铁粉。
上述的润滑剂为硅油和硬脂酸钙。
上述的稳定剂为三聚氰胺和氧化镁。
上述的偶联剂为异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酰氧基)乙二铵钛酸酯。
表2 增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料的物理力学性能
| 序号 | 性能指标 | 单位 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
| 1 | 拉伸强度，Mpa | MPa | 59.6 | 59.5 | 59.5 |
| 2 | 弯曲强度，MPa | Ω | 61.3 | 62.1 | 63.5 |
| 3 | 简支梁缺口冲击强度，KJ/m2 | KJ/m2 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 6.5 |
| 4 | 摩擦系数GB/T4085-1983 | / | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
Claims (3)
1.一种增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的组分组成：
其制备方法为：首先将微米或纳米级铁粉与偶联剂加入用高速混料机中，混合10-15分钟；再将其与聚甲醛、润滑剂、稳定剂在高速混料机中混合10-15分钟，转速800rpm；将所得混合物通过双螺杆挤出机熔融、混炼、挤出、冷却、干燥、切粒和包装，得到产品；螺杆的各段温度为170-190℃，螺杆转速为120rpm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料，所述稳定剂为三聚氰胺或双氰胺与氧化钠、氧化镁、氢氧化镁中任一种一起使用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的增韧耐磨磁性聚甲醛复合材料，所述偶联剂为钛酸酯类偶联剂。
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| CN101942175B (zh) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-09-19 | 上海材料研究所 | 一种用于三层复合材料的改性聚甲醛材料 |
| CN102311611B (zh) * | 2011-04-26 | 2013-03-20 | 刘立文 | 一种硫酸钙晶须改性聚甲醛复合材料及其制备工艺 |
| CN102417690B (zh) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-05-01 | 古道尔工程塑胶（深圳）有限公司 | 聚甲醛复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN102634162A (zh) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 四川大学 | 一种导热聚甲醛复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN106633614A (zh) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 无锡市四方达高分子材料有限公司 | 耐磨损高分子塑料齿轮 |
| CN106633610A (zh) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 无锡市四方达高分子材料有限公司 | 耐磨损高分子材料 |
| CN106633608A (zh) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 无锡市四方达高分子材料有限公司 | 新型耐磨损高分子材料 |
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| US4965688A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1990-10-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Permanent magnet type erasing head |
| CN1042167A (zh) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-05-16 | 聚塑料株式会社 | 结晶热塑性树脂模塑件的静电涂覆方法和塑料涂层模塑件 |
| CN1561369A (zh) * | 2001-09-27 | 2005-01-05 | 韩国工程塑料有限公司 | 对氯和氯化物稳定的聚缩醛树脂组合物及其制品 |
| CN1597771A (zh) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-23 | 林安良 | 高自润滑、高耐磨、增强聚甲醛工程塑料合金及制造方法 |
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