CN101622965A - Method for reforming low-lying field to culture adult freshwater crayfishes - Google Patents
Method for reforming low-lying field to culture adult freshwater crayfishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN101622965A CN101622965A CN200910144486A CN200910144486A CN101622965A CN 101622965 A CN101622965 A CN 101622965A CN 200910144486 A CN200910144486 A CN 200910144486A CN 200910144486 A CN200910144486 A CN 200910144486A CN 101622965 A CN101622965 A CN 101622965A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reforming a low-lying field to culture adult freshwater crayfishes, comprising the following steps: reforming a low-lying field; sterilizing an adult freshwater crayfish pool; throwing shrimps; throwing feed; controlling diseases; catching; and holding. The method adopts natural ecological formation to reform and reduces the cost; and the produced freshwater crayfishes have good quality and high output rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to into the shrimp aquaculture field, specifically is that a kind of low-lying field of transforming is cultured the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp.
Background technology
Procambius clarkii is subordinate to a joint animal door, Crustachia, former Astacus.Have another name called Ke Shi crayfish or cray, its meat flavour deliciousness, nutritious is loved by the people, and is the principal item of at present big water surface shrimps aquaculture.In recent years because the market demand sharply increased, and the Procambius clarkii natural resources sharply reduce, and price is progressively high, and pond, paddy field aquaculture area increase sharply, yet, shortcoming such as the Procambius clarkii individuality of institute's output is less, and color and luster is relatively poor.
Invention field
The invention provides a kind of low-lying field of transforming and culture the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp, adopt the natural, ecological form to transform, reduced cost, and the Procambius clarkii quality better of output, the survival rate height.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Transform low-lying field and culture the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1), low-lying field transformation: it is 8 * 667m that low-lying field is transformed into area
2-10 * 667m
2, the degree of depth is the one-tenth shrimp pond of 1.5-2m, becoming the length and width ratio in shrimp pond is 1.5-2: and 1, at the bottom of the pond slope towards delivery port; The axis is left with entery and delivery port and is linked to each other at the bottom of the pond, and wide is the shrimp collecting trough of 1-1.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m; Become the ridge, the pond face width 2-3m in shrimp pond, inboard, the ridge, pond is the slope, and the platform of wide 0.8-1m is left in inboard, the ridge, pond, encloses Chi Geng and is provided with all baffle plates; Perfusion is the Chi Shui of 0.5-1mm deeply in becoming the shrimp pond, is provided with the mound or the low bank of earth between fields that several exceed pond water water surface 8-15cm in the pond, and the floor space of the mound or the low bank of earth between fields accounts for the 5-10% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond; Transplant pasture and water in the pond, the mound or the ridge, mound limit cultivation wild rice stem, reed are transplanted p.malaianus, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata in pool side and the pond in the pond, move into duckweed, water peanut, weter hyacinth on the water surface, and the pasture and water area accounts for the 45-55% of the pond water surface gross area in the pond;
(2), sterilize into the shrimp pond: before juvenile prawn is thrown in, drain Chi Shui, remove mud, carry out sunlight and be exposed to the sun the lime disinfection of splashing then some days;
(3), throw in juvenile prawn: adopt the 2-3% saline solution to soak 2-3 minute to kill parasite and pathogenic bacteria before juvenile prawn is thrown in, winter-spring season selects put in a suitable place to breed the fine morning, is chosen in fine morning or overcast and rainy putting in a suitable place to breed summer and autumn;
(4), throw in feed: select the flesh of fish, freshwater mussel meat, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water meat, livestock and poultry to butcher offcuts, manufactured feed, grouts, bran, green grass and vegetable leaf, the forage volume of throwing something and feeding every day accounts for the 5-8% of pond Prawn TBW; Described input feed divides the upper and lower noon twice, accounts for the 25-35% of whole day feeding volume the morning, accounts for 65-75% afternoon;
(5), disease control: to becoming shrimp pond, Chi Shui, fishing gear, the disinfection of food field, keep pond water pure and fresh, refresh the water periodically, pharmaceutical chemistry in regularly throwing in;
(6), fish for and support temporarily.
Described transformation low-lying field is cultured the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp, it is characterized in that: stocking model selection juvenile prawn monoculture of described input juvenile prawn or shrimp, fish are raised together with, and forbid throwing in food property fish; The described time of refreshing the water periodically is 15-20 days/time; Described food every month, is changed water and is splashed in the food field at every turn with bleaching powder 200-250 gram with bleaching powder sterilization 1-2 time; In the prawn disease epidemic season; Disinfectant adopts bleaching powder, the white ash of giving birth to.
Throw in pharmaceutical chemistry, every 100kg feed every 20 days and mix medicine 1-2kg, logotype 3 days, the pharmaceutical chemistry prescription is: Radix Isatidis 400-500g, rheum officinale 200-250g, coptis 80-100g, capsule of weeping forsythia 80-100g, folium isatidis 30-50
Wherein add Gynostemma pentaphylla 80-100g again, hawthorn 80-100g, turmeric 10-20g, tea root 30-50g.Pulverize mixing.
The present invention has improved Procambius clarkii and has become the output capacity of shrimp, and reduced production cost, economic environmental protection by transformation low-lying field, the input of sterilizing into shrimp pond, juvenile prawn and feed, disease control during Procambius clarkii is cultured, the research of fishing for and supporting temporarily.
Embodiment
Transform low-lying field and culture the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp:
1, water source and water quality: become should to select to have abundant water resources in the shrimp pond, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water quality is pure and fresh, dissolved oxygen is abundant, the construction of free of contamination low-lying field;
2, become the transformation of shrimp pond: become the shrimp pool area to be generally 8 * 667m
2-10 * 667m
2, aspect ratio 1.5-2: 1 rectangle pond, pond are 1.5-2m deeply, tilt to delivery port at the bottom of the pond, are beneficial to draining and fish for, the wide 1-1.5m that is is left in the axis at the bottom of the pond, and the shrimp collecting trough of dark 0.3-0.5m, shrimp collecting trough two can link to each other with intake-outlet respectively;
The ridge, pond face width 2-3m, the ridge, the pond ratio of slope is 3: 5, the platform of wide 0.8-1m is reserved in inboard, the ridge, pond, is convenient to crayfish and digs the cave;
Prevent escaping facility: adopt wide 60cm calcium-plastic board, enclose one week of the ridge, pond, the bottom is imbedded about the following 15cm of soil, and tighten with galvanized wire at the top, and calcium-plastic board is fixed with timber in the outside, timber spacing 1.5-2m, and the corner will form the lonely shape in garden;
Depth of water 0.5-1m, the wintering pond water level is suitably deepened.
Stay 2-3 mound that exceeds about water surface 10cm in the pond, or the microscler low bank of earth between fields, the area on the mound or the ridge generally accounts for the 5-10% of the pond gross area, and the confession shrimp digs a hole and perches;
Transplant pasture and water in the pond.Mound or low bank of earth between fields limit cultivation wild rice stem, reed etc. are transplanted p.malaianus, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata etc. in pool side and the pond in the pond, move into duckweed, water peanut, weter hyacinth etc. on the water surface, and the pasture and water area generally accounts for about 50% of total water surface in the immigration pond;
3, clear pond sterilization
Juvenile prawn drains Chi Shui before throwing in, and removes too much mud, tans by the sun a couple of days.Every then 667m
2With 70-80kg quicklime full pool spilling head.As be with water to clean up the pond, and during the depth of water 1m left and right sides, every 667m
2Water surface quicklime 150-200kg injected new water after cleaning up the pond 10 days;
4, juvenile prawn is put in a suitable place to breed: stocking model: monoculture: the juvenile prawn 10-15 ten thousand tails/667m that puts the long 3cm of body in a suitable place to breed
2, close about weight 60kg; Shrimp, fish are raised together with: the juvenile prawn 20,000 tails/667m that puts the long 3cm of body in a suitable place to breed
2About, close about weight 10kg; Summer flower silver carp kind 0.5 ten thousand tails of 3-4cm; Forbid raising together with food property fishes such as carp, crucian carp, black carp, grass carp;
The juvenile prawn quality: the specification unanimity, the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, and anosis nothing is hindered, and is energetic.
Juvenile prawn is thrown in: winter-spring season selects put in a suitable place to breed the fine morning, is chosen in fine morning or overcast and rainy putting in a suitable place to breed summer and autumn, avoids exposure in sunshine; The juvenile prawn of outsourcing, dried up time length is put after will making the juvenile prawn body surface and the gill suction moisture again;
Before putting in a suitable place to breed, juvenile prawn soaked 2-3 minute, to kill parasite and pathogenic bacteria with the 2-3% saline solution;
5, feeding and management
The feed kind: the feed kind of culturing into shrimp is: the flesh of fish, freshwater mussel meat, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water meat, livestock and poultry are butchered offcuts, manufactured feed, grouts, bran, agreeable to the taste green grass and vegetable leaf etc., and feed request is fresh, free from extraneous odour, mildew and rot;
Feeding method: throw something and feed according to the principle of " four fixed four see ", determine the increase and decrease of feeding volume.Under the normal condition, the siccative of throwing something and feeding day generally accounts for the 5-8% of pond Prawn body weight.Every day at the upper and lower noon respectively throws something and feeds once, accounts for about 30% of whole day feeding volume the morning, and account for about 70% afternoon.Throw something and feed less when rainy weather, water quality overrich, large quantities of shell and shrimp fall ill continuously.
Daily management: mainly check morning to have or not residual raising, to adjust the feeding volume on the same day; Measure water temperature noon, claire water changes; Dusk or night mainly are the movable and situations of ingesting of observing shrimp; Running check, maintenance are prevented escaping facility, and pinpointing the problems in time solves; Keep in the shrimp pond more water plants being arranged; Forbid during large quantities of shrimp shell to disturb, increase the agreeable to the taste feed of high-quality of throwing something and feeding after the shell, prevent to cut one another's throat, promote growth;
Water quality adjustment: pure and fresh, the stable level of pond, shrimp pond water: early stage, transparency was 25-30cm based on rich water; Middle and later periods Ying Qin changes water and Jia Shui, and transparency remains on 30-40cm; Changed water once in every 15-20 days, and changed water at every turn and account for 30% of pond water inventory; The quicklime of splashing one time every 10-15 days;
6, disease control: leveling, sterilize, removing of shrimp-cultivation pool is wild; Support the sterilization of shrimp water body; Sterilization before juvenile prawn is thrown in; Food field sterilization: used bleaching powder 250g with bleaching powder sterilization 1-2 time in general every month at every turn, and changed water and splash in the food field, adopt medicine extension bag, hanging basket to prevent in the prawn disease epidemic season, each food field can hang (basket) 3-6 in bag, every dress bleaching powder 100-150g, April is to June, 2 times every month; After July, 1 time every month, at every turn for three days on end, also available copper sulphate and mixture of ferrous sulfate are hung bag, and each food field only can hang 3-6, every dress copper sulphate 100g, ferrous sulfate 40g, and April is to June, and 2 times every month, at every turn for three days on end; Fishing gear sterilization: especially should adopt sunlight sterilization with the fishing gear of crossing, or adopt limewash or concentration to soak for the 300mg/L liquor potassic permanganate in the morbidity pond; The prevention of disease should be adopted bait feeding in the body.
Throw in pharmaceutical chemistry, every 100kg feed every 20 days and mix medicine 1-2kg, logotype 3 days, the pharmaceutical chemistry prescription is: Radix Isatidis 400-500g, rheum officinale 200-250g, coptis 80-100g, capsule of weeping forsythia 80-100g, folium isatidis 30-50g.Perhaps wherein add Gynostemma pentaphylla 80-100g, hawthorn 80-100g, turmeric 10-20g, tea root 30-50g again.Pulverize mixing.
Forbid or limit the use of antibiotics; In operating process such as Fen Chi, carrying, answer carefulness to avoid the scratch of shrimp body, frostbite, bring out saprolegniasis; Prevent and treat prawn disease and must not use chlorophos: a little chlorophos can kill Procambius clarkii.
7, fish for and support temporarily:
Bath is fished for: earlier with pond water venting 1/3-1/2, put into the clear water of low discharge again from water inlet, keep water outlet to equate with amount of inlet water, and at the water inlet placing appliance, carried net once every 15-20 minute, catch prawn;
The feed trapping: place bait throwing in place with netting gear evening, puts bait in the net, lures shrimp to network, and shrimp is caught in hauling about 30 minutes, and shrimp stays the pond to continue to raise;
Draw in the net to fish for; Lobster basket is fished for
Fish in dried pond: the pond is supported shrimp and should be adopted dried pond to fish for, and method is slowly to drain Chi Shui, and shrimp is descended downstream, comes together in the shrimp groove, fishes in the shrimp groove with the write by hand net again;
Support temporarily: work the one-tenth shrimp available water mud sump or the net cage of catching and support temporarily, juvenile prawn, do not reach the shrimp of commercial specification and the close shrimp of selecting and remain should be supported temporarily or changes the pond and survive the winter, for producing the coming year.
Claims (3)
1, transform low-lying field and culture the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1), low-lying field transformation: it is 8 * 667m that low-lying field is transformed into area
2-10 * 667m
2, the degree of depth is the one-tenth shrimp pond of 1.5-2m, becoming the length and width ratio in shrimp pond is 1.5-2: and 1, at the bottom of the pond slope towards delivery port; The axis is left with entery and delivery port and is linked to each other at the bottom of the pond, and wide is the shrimp collecting trough of 1-1.5m, dark 0.3-0.5m; Become the ridge, the pond face width 2-3m in shrimp pond, inboard, the ridge, pond is the slope, and the platform of wide 0.8-1m is left in inboard, the ridge, pond, encloses Chi Geng and is provided with all baffle plates; Perfusion is the Chi Shui of 0.5-1m deeply in becoming the shrimp pond, is provided with the mound or the low bank of earth between fields that several exceed pond water water surface 8-15cm in the pond, and the floor space of the mound or the low bank of earth between fields accounts for the 5-10% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond; Transplant pasture and water in the pond, the mound or the ridge, mound limit cultivation wild rice stem, reed are transplanted p.malaianus, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata in pool side and the pond in the pond, move into duckweed, water peanut, weter hyacinth on the water surface, and the pasture and water area accounts for the 45-55% of the pond water surface gross area in the pond;
(2), sterilize into the shrimp pond: before juvenile prawn is thrown in, drain Chi Shui, remove mud, carry out sunlight and be exposed to the sun the lime disinfection of splashing then some days;
(3), throw in juvenile prawn: adopt the 2-3% saline solution to soak 2-3 minute to kill parasite and pathogenic bacteria before juvenile prawn is thrown in, winter-spring season selects put in a suitable place to breed the fine morning, is chosen in fine morning or overcast and rainy putting in a suitable place to breed summer and autumn;
(4), throw in feed: select the flesh of fish, freshwater mussel meat, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water meat, livestock and poultry to butcher offcuts, manufactured feed, grouts, bran, green grass and vegetable leaf, the forage volume of throwing something and feeding every day accounts for the 5-8% of pond Prawn TBW; Described input feed divides the upper and lower noon twice, accounts for the 25-35% of whole day feeding volume the morning, accounts for 65-75% afternoon;
(5), disease control: to becoming shrimp pond, Chi Shui, fishing gear, the disinfection of food field, keep pond water pure and fresh, refresh the water periodically, pharmaceutical chemistry in regularly throwing in;
(6), fish for and support temporarily.
2, transformation low-lying field according to claim 1 is cultured the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp, it is characterized in that: stocking model selection juvenile prawn monoculture of described input juvenile prawn or shrimp, fish are raised together with, and forbid throwing in food property fish; The described time of refreshing the water periodically is 15-20 days/time; Described food every month, is changed water and is splashed in the food field at every turn with bleaching powder 200-250 gram with bleaching powder sterilization 1-2 time; In the prawn disease epidemic season, disinfectant adopts bleaching powder, the white ash of giving birth to.
3, transformation low-lying field according to claim 1 is cultured the method that Procambius clarkii becomes shrimp, it is characterized in that: threw in pharmaceutical chemistry, every 100kg feed every 20 days and mix medicine 1-2kg, logotype 3 days, the pharmaceutical chemistry prescription is: Radix Isatidis 400g-500g, rheum officinale 200g-250g, coptis 80g-100g, capsule of weeping forsythia 80g-100g, folium isatidis 30g-50g.
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| CN2009101444865A CN101622965B (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2009-08-13 | Method for reforming low-lying field to culture adult freshwater crayfishes |
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| CN2009101444865A CN101622965B (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2009-08-13 | Method for reforming low-lying field to culture adult freshwater crayfishes |
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| CN101622965B CN101622965B (en) | 2011-06-15 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103478440A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-01-01 | 句容市创新果业专业合作社 | Feed used for crayfish in growing period and preparation method thereof |
| CN103815195A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-28 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Preparation of fermented material in bait bio-bed for main culturing of procambarus clarkii and auxiliary culturing of river crab and application method thereof |
| CN104839060A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-19 | 朱喜存 | Shrimp aquaculture method |
| CN105009892A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice shoot and freshwater crayfish joint ecological culture method |
| CN105009893A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice shoot and freshwater crayfish joint ecological culture method |
| CN105029126A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2015-11-11 | 曾建民 | Special feed additive for freshwater shrimps and preparation method thereof |
| CN105053733A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2015-11-18 | 曾建民 | Special feed additive for improving content of vitamin A in freshwater shrimp mince and preparation method thereof |
| CN106719198A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 长江大学 | A kind of method that Montanic ponds cultivate cray |
| CN107897078A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 颍上县腾飞生态农业水产专业合作社联合社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
| CN108513936A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | One plants vegetables-algae-shrimp zero-emission high yield environmental protection indoor culture method |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103478440A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-01-01 | 句容市创新果业专业合作社 | Feed used for crayfish in growing period and preparation method thereof |
| CN103478440B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-10-29 | 句容市创新果业专业合作社 | Feed used for crayfish in growing period and preparation method thereof |
| CN103815195A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-28 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Preparation of fermented material in bait bio-bed for main culturing of procambarus clarkii and auxiliary culturing of river crab and application method thereof |
| CN104839060B (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2017-11-10 | 陈炳志 | The cultural method of one seed shrimp |
| CN104839060A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-19 | 朱喜存 | Shrimp aquaculture method |
| CN105009892A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice shoot and freshwater crayfish joint ecological culture method |
| CN105009893A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice shoot and freshwater crayfish joint ecological culture method |
| CN105029126A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2015-11-11 | 曾建民 | Special feed additive for freshwater shrimps and preparation method thereof |
| CN105053733A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2015-11-18 | 曾建民 | Special feed additive for improving content of vitamin A in freshwater shrimp mince and preparation method thereof |
| CN106719198A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 长江大学 | A kind of method that Montanic ponds cultivate cray |
| CN107897078A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 颍上县腾飞生态农业水产专业合作社联合社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
| CN108513936A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | One plants vegetables-algae-shrimp zero-emission high yield environmental protection indoor culture method |
| CN108513936B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2020-05-15 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | High-yield environment-friendly indoor cultivation method with zero discharge of vegetables, algae and shrimps |
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