CN101618114A - 毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备及其食药用途 - Google Patents
毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备及其食药用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于天然药物、天然食品技术领域,具体涉及一种以毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料制备总乙醇苷的方法及其在食品和药物中的用途。它以毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料,经提取、萃取、分离而得到毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷,其纯度为40%~60%。本发明所制备的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷对DPPH自由基具有显著消除作用,可用于制备抗氧化食品及抗氧化药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于天然药物、天然食品技术领域,具体涉及一种以毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料制备总乙醇苷的方法及其在食品和药物中的用途。
背景技术
活性氧(Reactive Oxygen Species,ROS)是当今研究的热点之一。活性氧是细胞正常代谢活动产物,它能提高吞噬细胞和中性粒细胞的杀菌能力,可调节机体代谢,并参与免疫活动。在正常情况下,活性氧的产生和消除处于一个平衡状态。当平衡被打破,过量的活性氧会引起细胞内的DNA、蛋白质等大分子受到损害,导致细胞和组织损伤,造成病理状态,而引发心脑血管疾病、癌症、艾滋病、糖尿病、白内障、早老性痴呆、震撼麻痹症等疾病或加重这些疾病的病情,并导致人体迅速衰老(Hosoya T.,et al.,Phytochemistry,2008,69:827~832)。由于内源性抗氧化剂和自由基清除的位限性,抗氧化作用只能发生在抗氧化剂存在部位的周围;而脂溶性促发剂诱导的自由基大都作用在细胞膜上,作为水溶性氧化剂的效用就受到了一定限制,因此,除非加入外源性抗氧化剂,使已生成的自由基淬灭,才能终止自由基链反应。随着社会的发展,天然食品、药品、化妆品、功能性食品添加剂产业也蓬勃发展起来,对抗氧化剂的需求越来越旺盛,传统合成的抗氧化剂如二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)等虽然抗氧化能力比较强,但长期使用有潜在的毒性,有的甚至会产生致畸、致癌作用,因此愈来愈受到人们的排斥(Sharififar F.,et al.,Food Chemistry,2009,112:885~888)。因而寻找天然、高效、低毒的植物源抗氧化剂成了一种必然趋势,又因其在植物体中的分布广、抗氧化活性强而备受关注。
毛泡桐(原变种)(Paulownia tomentosa Steud.var.tomentosa)为玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)泡桐属(Paulownia Sieb.et Zucc)阔叶树种,在民间传统药物中其桐皮、桐叶、桐木、桐花被广泛用以祛痰、止咳、平喘、生发等,近年来被用以治疗上呼吸道感染、支气管肺炎、急性扁桃体炎、细菌性痢疾、急性肠炎、急性结膜炎、胰下腺炎等(Si C.L.,et al.,Holzforschung,2008,62(2):197~200)。所以,毛泡桐(原变种)是一种开发潜力巨大的宝贵药用资源,但到目前为止,对毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的研究尚属空白。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种从毛泡桐(原变种)桐木中提取总乙醇苷的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷在制备抗氧化食品和药物中的应用。
本发明的技术方案概述如下:
本发明提出的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备方法,包括如下三个步骤:
第一步,以干燥、粉碎的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料,按质量比为1∶1~1∶30加入体积百分浓度为20%~100%的丙酮水溶液,以索氏提取,或常温或加热浸提,或微波或超声波辅助提取1~5次,每次10min~96h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩、冷冻干燥后得粗提物;
第二步,加入粗提物质量1~10倍的水,搅拌,加入粗提物质量1~10倍的正己烷萃取1~10次,分离,向正己烷萃取剩余相加入粗提物质量1~10倍的氯仿萃取1~10次,分离,得到氯仿萃取相和氯仿萃取剩余相;
第三步,将氯仿萃取剩余相减压浓缩除去氯仿后,冷冻干燥得毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷粉末。
用本发明制备的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的含量为40%~60%,其测定参照文献(王丽楠等,西北药学杂志,2008,23(2),67~69)。经后续硅胶柱及Sephadex LH-20柱分离纯化和MS、1H及13C-NMR等现代波谱技术对化合物的结构解析、化合物理化性质等的检测,本发明所制备的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷中含有大量的毛蕊花苷(verbascoside)、异毛蕊花苷(isoverbascoside)、campneoside II及isocampneoside II等乙醇苷类化合物。
用本发明制备的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷颜色浅、纯度高,制备方法具有生产成本低、工艺简单规范的特点。
毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷在制备抗抗氧化食品和药物中的应用。
以消除DPPH自由基法检测毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的抗氧化活性,结果显示毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷与对照组(维生素C和BHT)消除半数DPPH自由基浓度IC50值相近,表明毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷具有显著抗氧化活性,可应用于抗氧化食品和药物制备。
附图说明
图1为毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备流程图。
具体实施方式
参考下列实施例将更容易、更全面地理解本发明,给出实施例是为了阐明本发明,而不是以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备
第一步,以5kg干燥、粉碎后的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料,加入体积比为70%的丙酮水溶液20升,以索氏提取法提取4次,每次48h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩、冷冻干燥得粗提取物;
第二步,加入粗提物质量2倍的水,搅拌,加入粗提取物质量3倍的正己烷萃取,萃取4次,分离,向正己烷萃取剩余相中加入粗提取物质量3倍的氯仿萃取,萃取4次,分离,得到氯仿萃取相和氯仿萃取剩余相;
第三步,将氯仿萃取剩余相减压浓缩除去氯仿后,冷冻干燥得毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷粉末。
实施例2毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备
第一步,以3kg干燥、粉碎后的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料,加入体积比为80%的丙酮水溶液15升,于室温浸提3次,每次72h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩、冷冻干燥得粗提取物;
第二步,加入粗提物质量3倍的水,搅拌,加入粗提取物质量4倍的正己烷萃取,萃取5次,分离,向正己烷萃取剩余相中加入粗提取物质量4倍的氯仿萃取,萃取5次,分离,得到氯仿萃取相和氯仿萃取剩余相;
第三步,将氯仿萃取剩余相减压浓缩除去氯仿后,冷冻干燥得毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷粉末。
实施例3毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备
第一步,以1.5kg干燥、粉碎后的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料,加入体积比为75%的丙酮水溶液5升,超声波辅助提取4次,每次30min,过滤,滤液减压浓缩、冷冻干燥得粗提取物;
第二步,加入粗提物质量2.5倍的水,搅拌,加入粗提取物质量3倍的正己烷萃取,萃取3次,分离,向正己烷萃取剩余相中加入粗提取物质量3倍的氯仿萃取,萃取4次,分离,得到氯仿萃取相和氯仿萃取剩余相;
第三步,将氯仿萃取剩余相减压浓缩除去氯仿后,冷冻干燥得毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷粉末。
实施例4毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的抗氧化能力
毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的抗氧化活性采用消除DPPH自由基试验,方法参考文献(Yoshida T.,et al.,Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin,1989,37:1919~1921),具体步骤如下:
第一步,以无水甲醇将毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷及对照组(维生素C和BHT)各分5个梯度浓度配制成浓度为2~40μg/ml的溶液各4ml。试验前以无水甲醇配制浓度为1.5×10-4M的DPPH溶液;
第二步,将取配制好的DPPH溶液各1ml加入上述不同浓度梯度的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷及参照组溶液中,摇匀,于室温静置反应30min后,在波长517nm下测定各供试溶液的透光度;
第三步,上述各组试验重复3次求平均值,利用回归方程计算毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷及对照组的DPPH自由基半数消除浓度(IC50)。
经上述步骤和计算,毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷、对照组维生素C和BHT消除半数DPPH自由基浓度(IC50)分为15μg/ml,12μg/ml和14μg/ml,结果表明毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷具有优秀的消除DPPH自由基能力,可用于制备抗氧化食品及药物。
Claims (5)
1.一种毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷的制备方法,其特征按顺序包括如下三个步骤:
第一步,以干燥、粉碎的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木为原料,按质量比为1∶1~1∶30加入体积百分浓度为20%~100%的丙酮水溶液,以索氏提取,或常温或加热浸提,或微波或超声波辅助提取1~5次,每次10min~96h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩、冷冻干燥后得粗提物;
第二步,加入粗提物质量1~10倍的水,搅拌,加入粗提物质量1~10倍的正己烷萃取1~10次,分离,向正己烷萃取剩余相加入粗提物质量1~10倍的氯仿萃取1~10次,分离,得到氯仿萃取相和氯仿萃取剩余相;
第三步,将氯仿萃取剩余相减压浓缩除去氯仿后,冷冻干燥得毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷粉末。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是所述提取用溶液为丙酮水溶液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征是所述提取用丙酮水溶液的体积百分浓度为1%~100%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是所述提取的方法包括索氏提取,或常温或加热浸提,或微波或超声波辅助提取。
5.根据权利要求1所述方法制备的毛泡桐(原变种)桐木总乙醇苷在制备抗氧化食品及抗氧化药物中的应用。
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