CN1016162B - 用于矿井水泥粘结成分的失水添加剂 - Google Patents
用于矿井水泥粘结成分的失水添加剂Info
- Publication number
- CN1016162B CN1016162B CN88101418A CN88101418A CN1016162B CN 1016162 B CN1016162 B CN 1016162B CN 88101418 A CN88101418 A CN 88101418A CN 88101418 A CN88101418 A CN 88101418A CN 1016162 B CN1016162 B CN 1016162B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- selecting
- cement
- sodium
- fluid loss
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 Carboxylate salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FWFUWXVFYKCSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C FWFUWXVFYKCSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HLPHHOLZSKWDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical group [Na+].O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HLPHHOLZSKWDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JJFQHXBBKXGQGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C Chemical compound [Na].CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C JJFQHXBBKXGQGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006029 tetra-polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEUCQOBUZPQUMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolone Chemical compound COC1=C(CC=C(C)C)C(=O)NC2=C1C=CC=C2OC XEUCQOBUZPQUMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWIULCYKVGIOPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolone Natural products CCOC1=C(CC=CC)C(=O)N(C)c2c(O)cccc12 UWIULCYKVGIOPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005493 condensed matter Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBYZIWCZNMOEAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene Chemical class O=C.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 CBYZIWCZNMOEAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/67—Biocides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2902987A | 1987-03-23 | 1987-03-23 | |
| US029,029 | 1987-03-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN88101418A CN88101418A (zh) | 1988-11-02 |
| CN1016162B true CN1016162B (zh) | 1992-04-08 |
Family
ID=21846847
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88101418A Expired CN1016162B (zh) | 1987-03-23 | 1988-03-22 | 用于矿井水泥粘结成分的失水添加剂 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1016162B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AR (1) | AR243218A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1317452C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DK (1) | DK172395B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| EG (1) | EG18722A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB2202526B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| IN (1) | IN169892B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| MX (1) | MX169718B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NO (1) | NO179971C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| SE (1) | SE469695B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| SG (1) | SG71692G (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101914182B (zh) * | 2010-08-24 | 2015-10-21 | 北京红芬兴业技术开发有限公司 | 碱基地下交联稠化剂的合成方法 |
| CN103113875B (zh) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种水基压裂液增稠剂及其制备方法 |
| CN103396778B (zh) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-05-20 | 西南石油大学 | 水溶性耐温抗盐am/aa/amps/npab聚合物驱油剂及其合成方法 |
| CN103555296B (zh) * | 2013-11-05 | 2016-03-16 | 库尔勒同益工贸有限责任公司 | 钻井液用抗高温抗复合盐聚合物的降失水剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109021240B (zh) * | 2017-06-09 | 2021-03-30 | 华南理工大学 | 一种木质素接枝聚氧乙烯醚及基于其的木质素基机喷砂浆专用改性剂和制备方法与应用 |
-
1988
- 1988-03-02 IN IN185/CAL/88A patent/IN169892B/en unknown
- 1988-03-10 MX MX010723A patent/MX169718B/es unknown
- 1988-03-17 EG EG15088A patent/EG18722A/xx active
- 1988-03-18 GB GB8806501A patent/GB2202526B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-22 AR AR88310371A patent/AR243218A1/es active
- 1988-03-22 SE SE8801042A patent/SE469695B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 DK DK156088A patent/DK172395B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-22 CN CN88101418A patent/CN1016162B/zh not_active Expired
- 1988-03-23 NO NO881275A patent/NO179971C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-23 CA CA000562266A patent/CA1317452C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-07-10 SG SG716/92A patent/SG71692G/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK156088D0 (da) | 1988-03-22 |
| GB2202526A (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| NO881275D0 (no) | 1988-03-23 |
| EG18722A (en) | 1994-06-30 |
| CA1317452C (en) | 1993-05-11 |
| DK172395B1 (da) | 1998-05-18 |
| NO881275L (no) | 1988-09-26 |
| GB8806501D0 (en) | 1988-04-20 |
| IN169892B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-01-04 |
| SE8801042L (sv) | 1988-09-24 |
| SG71692G (en) | 1992-10-02 |
| AR243218A1 (es) | 1993-07-30 |
| GB2202526B (en) | 1991-07-03 |
| SE8801042D0 (sv) | 1988-03-22 |
| SE469695B (sv) | 1993-08-23 |
| NO179971B (no) | 1996-10-14 |
| CN88101418A (zh) | 1988-11-02 |
| MX169718B (es) | 1993-07-20 |
| DK156088A (da) | 1988-09-24 |
| NO179971C (no) | 1997-01-22 |
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