CN101615881B - 电力系统中的同步发电机的多输出电压调节 - Google Patents

电力系统中的同步发电机的多输出电压调节 Download PDF

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CN101615881B
CN101615881B CN2009101474023A CN200910147402A CN101615881B CN 101615881 B CN101615881 B CN 101615881B CN 2009101474023 A CN2009101474023 A CN 2009101474023A CN 200910147402 A CN200910147402 A CN 200910147402A CN 101615881 B CN101615881 B CN 101615881B
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voltage
low
controller
supplied
generator
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CN101615881A (zh
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W·齐
M·J·沙
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Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/48Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/305Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
    • H02P9/307Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage more than one voltage output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M3/3378Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration of the parallel type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/2176Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only comprising a passive stage to generate a rectified sinusoidal voltage and a controlled switching element in series between such stage and the output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/30Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for aircraft
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

在典型的商业/航空应用中,同步发电机为高电压负载和低电压负载都提供功率。本发明公开描述了一种调节所有负载的输出电压的方法。

Description

电力系统中的同步发电机的多输出电压调节
背景技术
用于同步发电机的电压调节包括用于高电压源和低电压源二者的电压调节器。
在现代电气系统中,存在需要不同电压的各种类型的负载。这些电压优选地在较宽的负载变化范围内或多或少地较为恒定。
在现有技术中,对于给定的电压类型已经确立了不同的电压调节方法。这对于三相交流电压和整流后的直流电压是真实的。
在现有技术中,使用标准的传统直流/直流转换器进行高电压至低电压的转换。这需要20∶1或更高的变压比,并导致需要昂贵的部件和非常窄的电压调节范围。结果,难以使输出电压以所需的动态响应保持恒定。
现有技术的电压调节,其特征在于,提供了对或者高电压源或者低电压源的充分的电压控制。然而,现有技术不足以提供对这两者的充分控制。
发明内容
在用于同步发电机的电压调节器中,高电压源提供了对发电机控制的反馈。另外,高电压穿过变压器以提供低电压。对低电压的反馈提供了对供给的低电压的精确控制。
从以下说明书和附图中可最好地理解本发明的这些特征以及其它特征,以下是简要描述。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的电压调节器和发电机的示意图。
图2A显示了逆变器,其是图1示意图的一部分。
图2B显示了来自图2A逆变器的输出波形。
图3A显示了一点处的输出波形。
图3B显示了第二点处的输出波形。
具体实施方式
本发明公开描述了一种方法,其结合用于高电压和低电压负载应用的电压调节方案。这种用于同步绕线式磁场发电机的方案和拓扑适用于运输和航空应用,以及其它工业应用。三相高电压照惯例利用励磁场控制进行调节。但,除此之外,通过利用单相高频变压器可将高电压的三相电压减少至低电压水平。然后通过另一电压调节器进行整流,并进行检测和调节。
图1显示了一种具有多输出电压调节系统20的三相同步发电机。如图所示,由发电机22产生的标准高电压的三相输出直接连接在高电压三相负载24上。负载24可以是任何类型的三相高电压交流负载。
类似于标准三相同步发电机,电压调节器28提供了对励磁场30的反馈和控制,以调节励磁场电流,从而保持恒定的发电机22的三相高电压输出。高电压输出供给应用装置26。
图1中所示的剩余电路用于为直流负载44提供43处的调节后的低直流电压输出。
通过利用交流/直流整流器32可将发电机22的三相高电压交流输出整流成直流电压。然后由电容器34对整流器32的输出进行滤波。这种滤波后的高电压直流通过利用直流/交流逆变器36反转成单相高频交流电压。然后通过利用高频中心抽头式变压器38和全波整流器40将37处产生的高频、高电压交流转换成低直流电压。然后经过低通滤波器42,在线路43处得到用于低电压直流负载44的所需的直流输出电压。
把43处的低电压直流输出通过电压传感系统46连接在电压调节器50上。这种调节器将接收来自应用装置26的指令信号48。另外,34处的高电压直流通过输入电压传感器52进行检测,并连接在调节器50上。调节器50通过逆变器控制器54提供了对直流/交流逆变器36的控制。因而,高频变压器38的输入电压得以调节,并且将43处的最终直流输出电压保持在所需的水平。
如图2A中所示,逆变器36可包括多个开关T1,T2,T3和T4。各个开关T1-T4都在54处受到控制,以产生图2B中所示的输出。图2B中显示了在点37处作为“逆变器输出波形”而引入到变压器38中的输出。
图3A中显示了变压器38的在点39处的输出,并且图3B中显示了在点43处的输出。
利用本发明,可保持对供给使用的高电压和低电压两者的有效控制。
如本申请中所公开的那样,单个高电压线路离开发电机,并通到负载24和整流器32。出于本申请的目的,对单个高电压线路提出了权利要求,但这应被认为是涵盖了从发电机到高电压支路和低电压支路的任何供给,其是两条截然不同的线路,或如图所示的支路。
虽然已经公开了本发明的实施例,但是本领域中的普通技术人员应该认识到某些变体将处于本发明的范围内。为此,应研究所附权利要求以确定本发明的真实范围和内容。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于发电机的电压调节器,包括:
将三相交流功率供给高电压用途的高电压线路,和来自所述高电压线路的反馈链路,所述反馈链路用于为所述发电机的控制器提供反馈,以在所述高电压线路上取得所需的电压;
所述高电压线路供给高电压,所述高电压有待逐步降低至低电压;
接收所述低电压的低电压线路,所述低电压线路用于连接至低电压用途;和
反馈线路,所述反馈线路用于提供从所述低电压线路至低电压控制器的反馈,以用于控制供给在所述低电压线路上的电压水平。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电压调节器,其特征在于,所供给的有待逐步降低的高电压穿过变压器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电压调节器,其特征在于,所述变压器定位在整流器的上游。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电压调节器,其特征在于,用于所述低电压线路的所述反馈线路为低电压控制器供给所检测的低电压,并且还将所需的低电压供给所述低电压控制器。
5.根据权利要求3所述的电压调节器,其特征在于,所述低电压控制器控制逆变器,以确保所述低电压线路上所需的低电压。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电压调节器,其特征在于,还将所述逆变器上游的输入电压供给所述低电压控制器,以容许所述低电压控制器控制所述逆变器,并取得所述所需的低电压。
7.根据权利要求5所述的电压调节器,其特征在于,所述逆变器包括至少四个开关,所述至少四个开关受到控制以提供输入到所述变压器中的所需波形。
8.一种发电机,包括:
同步发电机,所述同步发电机将三相交流功率供给高电压线路;
将所述三相交流功率供给高电压用途的高电压线路,和来自所述高电压线路的反馈链路,所述反馈链路用于为所述发电机的控制器提供反馈,以在所述高电压线路上取得所需的电压;
所述高电压线路供给高电压,所述高电压有待逐步降低至低电压,接收所述低电压的低电压线路用于连接至低电压用途;和
反馈线路,所述反馈线路用于提供从所述低电压线路至低电压控制器的反馈,以用于控制供给在所述低电压线路上的电压水平。
9.根据权利要求8所述的发电机,其特征在于,所供给的有待逐步降低的高电压穿过变压器。
10.根据权利要求9所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述变压器定位在整流器的上游。
11.根据权利要求9所述的发电机,其特征在于,用于所述低电压线路的所述反馈线路为低电压控制器供给所检测的低电压,并且还将所需的低电压供给所述低电压控制器。
12.根据权利要求10所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述低电压控制器控制逆变器,以确保所述低电压线路上所需的低电压。
13.根据权利要求12所述的发电机,其特征在于,还将所述逆变器上游的输入电压供给所述低电压控制器,以容许所述低电压控制器控制所述逆变器,并取得所述所需的低电压。
14.根据权利要求12所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述逆变器包括至少四个开关,所述至少四个开关受到控制以提供输入到所述变压器中的所需波形。
15.根据权利要求8所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述高电压用途是电动机,并且所述低电压用途是控制电压。
CN2009101474023A 2008-05-29 2009-05-31 电力系统中的同步发电机的多输出电压调节 Expired - Fee Related CN101615881B (zh)

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US12/128,647 US8014179B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2008-05-29 Multi output voltage regulation of a synchronous generator in a power system
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