CN101606479B - Micro irrigation method based on point source clinical infiltration rate - Google Patents
Micro irrigation method based on point source clinical infiltration rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101606479B CN101606479B CN2009100234624A CN200910023462A CN101606479B CN 101606479 B CN101606479 B CN 101606479B CN 2009100234624 A CN2009100234624 A CN 2009100234624A CN 200910023462 A CN200910023462 A CN 200910023462A CN 101606479 B CN101606479 B CN 101606479B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro irrigation method based on point source infiltration rate. The method solves the problem of non-standard design index of the prior drip irrigation method, achieves the quantitative determination on the designed flow quantity of a drip irrigator, and is beneficial to enhancing the water drip irrigation uniformity and reducing the comprehensive investment of a drip irrigation system. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the rated working flow quantity of a drip head is the point source clinical infiltration rate during micro irrigation. The soil point source infiltration comprises two conditions: on ground and under ground, the infiltration clinical rate on the clayloam ground is 0.67 L/h, and the point source clinical infiltration rate under ground is 0.95 L/h; the infiltration clinical rate on the loam ground is 0.50 L/h, and the point source clinical infiltration rate under ground is 0.63 L/h; the infiltration clinical rate on the sand loam ground is 0.35 L/h, and the point source clinical infiltration rate under ground is 0.41 L/h.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of method of slight irrigation, especially relate to a kind of method of carrying out slight irrigation according to the critical infiltration rate of point source.
Two, background technology:
In the face of the agricultural water imbalance between supply and demand is becoming increasingly acute, loss of the field irrigation water yield and the quite serious reality of waste, the water conservancy scholars have proposed many new farmland water-savings and have irrigated theory and method both at home and abroad, and the method that proposes to save irrigation water according to different water link, the slight irrigation method is exactly the pour water main method of water-saving technology of field in these technology.And irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation all are under the effect of soil matrix power, the technical method that irrigation water spreads on every side in water dropper point source position, and its soil moisture diffusion belongs to point source soil infiltration mode.Under different drip emitter flow conditions, there is notable difference in point source surrounding soil moisture diffusion, all there are notable difference in humid region soil average moisture content, wetting body shape etc., most researchers has been studied point source and has been infiltrated rule, but it is less relatively that point source is infiltrated relevant controlling indicator research, lack for critical infiltration rate of point source and critical flow research, so only finish design in the drip irrigation design at present with design experiences.
Three, summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to solve the weak point in the above-mentioned background technology, a kind of method of carrying out slight irrigation according to the critical infiltration rate of point source is provided, it has overcome the nonstandard problem of present drip irrigation method design objective, reach and quantitatively determine the drip emitter design discharge, help improving the drip irrigation uniformity of irrigation water appilcation and reduce the drip irrigation system comprehensive method of investment.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of method of carrying out slight irrigation according to the critical infiltration rate of point source is characterized in that: when carrying out slight irrigation, the nominal operation flow of water dropper is the corresponding flow of the critical infiltration rate of point source.
The soil point source infiltrates and is divided on the ground and underground two kinds of situations, and the critical speed of infiltrating on the clay loam ground is 0.67L/h, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.95L/h; The critical speed of infiltrating on the loam ground is 0.50L/h, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.63L/h; To infiltrate critical speed be 0.35L/h to point source on the sandy loam ground, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.41L/h.
When carrying out slight irrigation, the vertically corresponding and horizontal moistening ratio of the critical infiltration rate of different soils: when clay loam was 0.67L/h at critical infiltration rate, corresponding was 1.02 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; Critical infiltration rate is 0.50L/h on the loam ground, and corresponding is 1.10 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; The critical infiltration rate of point source is 0.35L/h on the sandy loam ground, and corresponding is 1.22 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth.
Compared with prior art, the advantage and the effect that have of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention utilizes the critical infiltration rate of gained point source, critical flow, for better design drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation irrigation technique method and irrigator design provide technical basis, overcome the defective of at present existing method for designing, overcome the reality of only finishing design in the present drip irrigation design, can promote the more rational application in the irrigation of medium and small line-spacing crop of this irrigation technique with design experiences.
Four, embodiment:
The invention provides the critical water dropper flow of the critical infiltration rate of point source of one group of different soils correspondence, critical water dropper flow, the critical infiltration rate correspondence of point source and humid region in length and breadth to percentage of wetted soil.The soil point source infiltrates and is divided on the ground and underground two kinds of different situations, and the critical speed of infiltrating on the clay loam ground is 0.67L/h, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.95L/h; The critical speed of infiltrating on the loam ground is 0.50L/h, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.63L/h; To infiltrate critical speed be 0.35L/h to point source on the sandy loam ground, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.41L/h; Utilize indoor 1/2 model test of homogeneous soil and tubular type water dropper, at the water dropper flow is 0.10,0.15,0.30,0.50,0.7 and level such as 1.0L/h, experiment is of a size of 0.8 * 1.0 * 1.0m with lucite soil case, voltage stabilization and current stabilization Shi Masi bottle supplies water by the tubular type water dropper, measure wetting body size in the drip irrigation infiltration process, water dropper up and down moistening distance, level to moistening distance, each position water yield of humid region and average moisture content etc.In the point source infiltration process water dropper water supply capacity exist less than, equal, greater than the soil moisture diffusivity, when the water dropper flow is equal to or less than the soil moisture diffusivity, to not have the saturated aqueous district around the water dropper, the average soil moisture content in humid region is near constant in the moistening process; When water dropper flow during greater than the soil moisture diffusivity, will there be the saturated aqueous district around the water dropper, the average soil moisture content in humid region obtains critical infiltration rate and the corresponding water dropper flow that different point sources infiltrate in continuous variation by test in the moistening process.Under critical water dropper flow condition, because the duty that water dropper provides is less than or equal to the soil diffusivity, make in the infiltration process the average soil moisture content in humid region near constant, corresponding moistening body surface reveals along the depth of wetted soil of depth direction and level less to moistening distance ratio, when the water dropper flow surpasses the soil infiltration ability, humid region soil average moisture content constantly increases, corresponding moistening body surface reveals along the depth of wetted soil of depth direction and level and increases to moistening distance ratio, be unfavorable for the utilization of irrigation water, and may cause deep percolation; Therefore, utilize the relation between soil infiltration characteristic and irrigator flow, appropriate design drip irrigation technique key element will effectively improve the utilization ratio of irrigation water, the present invention utilizes critical water dropper flow and critical infiltration rate, appropriate design irrigation technique key element is designed to the water dropper critical flow with the flow indicator of water dropper product or irrigate band.
Different soils critical go into seepage discharge corresponding vertically with horizontal moistening ratio: the critical infiltration rate of point source is corresponding to can be used for the design of drip irrigation technique key element to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth, when clay loam is 0.67L/h at the water dropper flow, correspondence be 1.02 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; The critical speed of infiltrating on the loam ground is 0.50L/h, and corresponding is 1.10 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; To infiltrate critical speed be 0.35L/h to point source on the sandy loam ground, and corresponding is 1.22 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; Utilize corresponding water dropper flow, percentage of wetted soil to finish drip irrigation technique key element and drip irrigation system design.Utilize indoor 1/2 model test of homogeneous soil and tubular type water dropper, at the water dropper flow is 0.10,0.15,0.30,0.50,0.7 and level such as 1.0L/h, experiment is of a size of 0.8 * 1.0 * 1.0m with lucite soil case, voltage stabilization and current stabilization Shi Masi bottle supplies water by the tubular type water dropper, measure wetting body size in the drip irrigation infiltration process, water dropper up and down moistening distance, level to moistening distance, each position water yield of humid region and average moisture content etc.Utilize the critical infiltration rate, the water dropper flow, as follows to the percentage of wetted soil designed distance in length and breadth that are obtained:
(1) design parameter
Plan wettable layer depth H: 0.6m; Percentage of wetted soil P:0.6; Water-retaining quantity among field of soil (weight) θ
The field: 24%; Suitable water content bound θ
Max, θ
Min: θ
Max=80% * θ
The field, θ
Min=60% * θ
The fieldSoil dry density γ
d: 1.38g/cm
3Water dropper flow 0.67L/h; In length and breadth to percentage of wetted soil δ=1.02
(2) design
Irrigating water quota m:
M=1000 * H * γ
d* P * θ
The field* (θ
Max-θ
Min)
＝1000×0.6×1.38×0.6×24％×(80％-60％)＝23.85(mm)
=15.9 (m
3/ mu)
Dripper spacing l
aDesign
l
a＝0.6m
Hollow billet spacing l
bDesign
Get l
b≈ 1.2 (m)
Then when dripper spacing was 0.6m, hollow billet spacing 1.2m, water dropper flow 0.67L/h, irrigation period t was:
Be that to need irrigation period be 25.6h to each irrigation group.
Can finish the design of drip irrigation system other parts with reference to the drip irrigation method for designing according to these data.
Under critical water dropper flow condition, because the duty that water dropper provides is less than or equal to the soil diffusivity, make in the infiltration process the average soil moisture content in humid region near constant, corresponding moistening body surface reveals along the depth of wetted soil of depth direction and level less to moistening distance ratio, when the water dropper flow surpasses the soil infiltration ability, humid region soil average moisture content constantly increases, corresponding moistening body surface reveals along the depth of wetted soil of depth direction and level and increases to moistening distance ratio, be unfavorable for the utilization of irrigation water, and may cause deep percolation; Therefore, utilize the relation between soil infiltration characteristic and irrigator flow, appropriate design drip irrigation technique key element will effectively improve the utilization ratio of irrigation water.
Claims (2)
1. method of carrying out slight irrigation according to the critical infiltration rate of point source, it is characterized in that: when carrying out slight irrigation, the nominal operation flow of irrigator water dropper is the critical infiltration rate of point source, the soil point source infiltrates and is divided on the ground and underground two kinds of situations, critical infiltration rate is 0.67L/h on the clay loam ground, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.95L/h; Critical infiltration rate is 0.50L/h on the loam ground, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.63L/h; The critical infiltration rate of point source is 0.35L/h on the sandy loam ground, and the critical infiltration rate of underground point source is 0.41L/h.
2. a kind of method of carrying out slight irrigation according to claim 1 according to the critical infiltration rate of point source, it is characterized in that: when carrying out slight irrigation, the vertically corresponding and horizontal moistening ratio of the critical infiltration rate of different soils: when clay loam was 0.67L/h at critical infiltration rate, corresponding was 1.02 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; Critical infiltration rate is 0.50L/h on the loam ground, and corresponding is 1.10 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth; The critical infiltration rate of point source is 0.35L/h on the sandy loam ground, and corresponding is 1.22 to percentage of wetted soil in length and breadth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100234624A CN101606479B (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Micro irrigation method based on point source clinical infiltration rate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100234624A CN101606479B (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Micro irrigation method based on point source clinical infiltration rate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101606479A CN101606479A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| CN101606479B true CN101606479B (en) | 2011-02-09 |
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ID=41480519
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100234624A Expired - Fee Related CN101606479B (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Micro irrigation method based on point source clinical infiltration rate |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108549938B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-11-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of embanked field enters head piece number, position and flow optimization selection method |
| CN115299324B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-10-13 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Quick determination method for drip irrigation dripper flow under saline-alkali soil alien soil hole planting condition |
| CN117852432B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-06-21 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Biogas slurry drip irrigation pipeline system layout optimization method |
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2009
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101606479A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
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