CN101558726A - Environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybrid middle-season rice - Google Patents
Environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybrid middle-season rice Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybrid middle-season rice, comprising the following steps of sowing and culturing seedling, transplanting, fertilizing and managing paddy field. By scientifically fertilizing, reasonably irrigating and reasonabe thick planting, the method reduces and precludes a third tillering of the middle-season rice, and improves the air permeability and the light transmission of rice paddy, thereby improving resistance to diseases and insects without or with a little pesticide and realizing the environmentally friendly yield increasing of the middle-season rice,. The method also can shorten the vegetative period of the middle-season rice and extend the reproductive stage of the middle-season rice. Compared with the traditional cultivating method, the method features more regular and symmetric millet sprays, fuller and more regular grain, higher milled rice rate and better rice quality, and is a real environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybrid middle-season rice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of hybridizing semilate rice, particularly a kind of environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybridizing semilate rice.
Background technology
Middle-and-low-yielding fields are meant that sunlight is poor, gas permeability is poor, soil fertility is poor, soil property is barren, cold soaking, height above sea level is slightly high, temperature is lower slightly, damage by disease and insect is rampant field, and this farming occupies sizable ratio in China, and the rice yield of this farming is low, and is of poor quality.Improve middle-and-low-yielding fields rice yield and quality, be many scientific workers and the general common people problem anxious to be solved.For reaching the purpose of increasing both production and income, the way that present common people generally adopt is to use fertilizer and agricultural chemicals in a large number, and maximum fertilizer of use is urea.The shortcoming of this method is, not only can increase peasant's production cost, and contain the agricultural chemicals composition in the paddy, healthy extremely harmful to people.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of by applying fertilizers scientifically, rationally irrigating and rational close planting, reduce and stop tillering for the third time of semilate rice, thereby improve the resistant to diseases and insects of tender rice shoot, do not need to use agricultural chemicals or use agricultural chemicals less, thereby the hybridization semilate rice cultivation method of the environmentally friendly yield-increasing of realization semilate rice.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybridizing semilate rice, comprise seeding and seedling raising, transplanting, fertilising and paddy field management, this method is by applying fertilizers scientifically, rationally irrigating and the rational close planting measure, reduce and stop tillering for the third time of semilate rice, improve the ventilation and penetrating light in rice field, thereby improve the resistant to diseases and insects of tender rice shoot, do not need to use agricultural chemicals or use agricultural chemicals less, thereby realize the environmentally friendly yield-increasing of semilate rice, specifically comprise:
(1) seeding and seedling raising: Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer in the rice seedling bed, execute phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer more, appropriately use fertilizer, improve the disease-resistant insect resistance capacity of the tender rice shoot of semilate rice;
(2) transplant: transplant within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, transplant density and be at least 7 * 7 cun, transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling;
(3) fertilising: at big field Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, execute phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer more, and with all fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings;
(4) paddy field management: shallow irrigation is taked in the rice field that has abundant water resources, and the rice field water level that the water source is good is no more than 5cm, and water source rice field water level preferably is no more than 8cm, and when semilate rice is tillered dry field repeatedly in good time.
(5) weeding: spread herbal medicine, mix heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine as far as possible.
Fertilizing method in the step (3) is:
(a) winter slack field or winter cold paddy field the mu fertilizing amount: execute 10-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 50kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 15kg potash fertilizer;
(b) winter spontaneous green manure field the mu fertilizing amount: execute 0-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 50kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 15kg potash fertilizer;
(c) execute the mu fertilizing amount in phosphate fertilizer green manure field winter: execute 0-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 15-25kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 15kg potash fertilizer;
(d) the mu fertilizing amount of rape field or wheatland: execute 5-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 25-50kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 10-15kg potash fertilizer.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbonic hydroammonium, and described phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate, and described potash fertilizer is potassium sulphate or potassium chloride.
The nitrogen content of described carbonic hydroammonium is 17.1%; P in described superphosphate or the fused calcium magnesium phosphate
2O
5Content be 12%; K in described potassium sulphate or the potassium chloride
2The content of O is 50%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: because Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, execute phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, all fertilizer are disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings more, and keep the rice field water level lower when irrigating, dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered.Can reduce like this with the fertile cost and the cost of working, reduce or stop to hybridize tillering for the third time of semilate rice, improve air permeability, the light transmission in rice field, thereby can prevent the generation of disease and insect well, not need to use agricultural chemicals; In addition, can also shorten the vegetative growth phase of semilate rice, prolong the reproductive stage of semilate rice, with respect to the traditional cultivation method, grain ear is more neatly well-balanced, and grain is fuller neat, and milled rice rate is higher, and Mi Zhigeng is good.If well protect frog, effect will be better, is the cultivation method that a kind of real hybridization semilate rice environmentally friendly yield-increasing increases income.The applicant reduces fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and labor service in every mu of field and pays under about 100 yuan the prerequisite through practice for many years, and every mu of field also can increase income about 200 jin of paddy.By this data computation,, must make huge contribution for country if this cultivation method is promoted in the whole nation.
Principle of the present invention: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, silicon, magnesium, these several elements of zinc are the semilate rice requisite nutritive elements of growing, and these composition roles are to have nothing in common with each other and the branch of primary and secondary is arranged.Nitrogen is the generation that promotes protein, can make the leaf look dark green, but too much use nitrogenous fertilizer can cause tillering for the third time of semilate rice, the tillering stage for the third time of semilate rice is the peak period of damage by disease and insect generation just, tiller for the third time tender shoots or the tender leaf that produce is very light green and very many, make rice field ventilation and penetrating light variation, for the growth and breeding of insect provides " soil ".Because do not tiller for the third time, insect has just lost growth and breeding " soil ", and will not make the seedling root and stem of certain plants smaller owing to tiller for the third time, can rational close planted during transplanting, transplant density and can reach 7 * 7 cun, the air permeability in rice field is good, and light transmission might as well, so can prevent the generation of disease and insect well, not need to use agricultural chemicals.The effect of phosphorus is that spike of rice fringe grain increases in promoting, full seed strengthens pest-resistant diseases prevention ability; The effect of potassium is the generation that promotes sugar and starch in the semilate rice, and cane is thick and stiff, strengthens the diseases prevention insect resistance capacity; The effect of magnesium is to promote the chlorophyllous generation of semilate rice, strengthens photosynthesis.So during fertilising, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, execute phosphorus potash fertilizer more; During irrigation, shallow irrigation, and when semilate rice is tillered dry field repeatedly in good time, reduce or stop tillering for the third time of semilate rice, under the situation of rational close planting, can also improve the air permeability light transmission in rice field, thereby can improve the disease-resistant insect resistance capacity of semilate rice, reach increasing both production and income.Mix when spreading herbal medicine with heavy dose of river sand, contain the required abundant nutrition elemental silicon of paddy growth in the sand of river, can better improve the disease-resistant insect resistance capacity of rice shoot, promote rice matter.
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
One mu in middle low yield field in winter slack, the water source is good, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, and transplanting density is 7 * 7 cun, and transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 10kg carbonic hydroammonium; Execute 50kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate; Execute the 15kg potassium sulphate,, promptly do not refertilize later above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings.The rice field water level is no more than 5cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 2
One mu in middle low yield field in winter slack, the water source is better, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, and transplanting density is 8 * 8 cun, and transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 15kg carbonic hydroammonium; Execute 50kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate; Execute 5kg potassium chloride and add the 10kg potassium sulphate,, promptly do not refertilize later above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings.The rice field water level is no more than 8cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 3
In one mu in low yield spontaneous green manure in winter field, the water source is good, green manure riotous growth, and, transplanting within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days with the whole field also of green manure, transplanting density is 7.5 * 7.5 cun, transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 3kg carbonic hydroammonium; Execute 50kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate; Execute the 15kg potassium sulphate; With above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings, promptly do not refertilize later.The rice field water level is no more than 5cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 4
In one mu in low yield spontaneous green manure in winter field, the water source is better, the green manure growth is general, but not with green manure field also, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, transplanting density is 7 * 7 cun, transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 15kg carbonic hydroammonium; Execute 50kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate; Execute 5kg potassium chloride and add the 5-10kg potassium sulphate; With above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings, promptly do not refertilize later.The rice field water level is no more than 8cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 5
One mu in middle low yield rape field, the water source is good, executes P winter
2O
5Content is 12% superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate 50kg, and weeds are many, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, and transplanting density is 7 * 7 cun, and transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 10kg carbonic hydroammonium, execute 25kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate, execute the 15kg potassium sulphate; With above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings, promptly do not refertilize later.The rice field water level is no more than 5cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 6
One mu in middle low yield rape field, the water source is better, executes P winter
2O
5Content is 12% superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate 50kg, and weeds are less, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, and transplanting density is 7 * 7 cun, and transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 15kg carbonic hydroammonium, execute 25kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate, execute 5kg potassium chloride and add the 5-10kg potassium sulphate; With above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings, promptly do not refertilize later.The rice field water level is no more than 8cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 7
One mu in middle low yield rape field, the water source is good, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, and transplanting density is 7 * 7 cun, and transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 5kg carbonic hydroammonium, execute 25-50kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate, execute the 10-15kg potassium sulphate, execute a small amount of fertilizer.With above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings, promptly do not refertilize later.The rice field water level is no more than 5cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
Embodiment 8
One mu in middle low yield rape field, the water source is better, transplants within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, and transplanting density is 8 * 8 cun, and transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling; Single fertilization amount when the whole field of transplanting seedlings: execute 15kg carbonic hydroammonium, execute 25-50kg superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate, execute 5kg potassium chloride and add the 10kg potassium sulphate.With above-mentioned fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings, promptly do not refertilize later.The rice field water level is no more than 8cm, and dry field repeatedly in good time when semilate rice is tillered is mixed heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine.
In addition, middle low yield cold paddy field in winter is identical with the fertilizing method in middle low yield field in winter slack; Wheatland is identical with the fertilizing method in rape field; Middle low yield soybean field is identical with the fertilizing method of executing phosphate fertilizer green manure field winter; for winter slack field, cold paddy field, rape field and wheatland; can also use an amount of fertilizer according to circumstances; the amount of application of fertilizer can not surpass 80% of local conventional usage amount; adopt the method can receive good effect equally for the high-yield field, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, if local frog is protected well, water level is reasonable, and the stage dry field repeatedly of tillering according to the fertilising of this fertilizing method, generally can not use agricultural chemicals, can not re-use agricultural chemicals at generative growth phase at least.Phosphate fertilizer is fused calcium magnesium phosphate preferably, and potash fertilizer is based on potassium sulphate.
Claims (4)
1. environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of hybridizing semilate rice, comprise seeding and seedling raising, transplanting, fertilising and paddy field management, it is characterized in that, this method is by applying fertilizers scientifically, rationally irrigating and the rational close planting measure, reduces and stops tillering for the third time of semilate rice, improves the ventilation and penetrating light in rice field, thereby improve the resistant to diseases and insects of tender rice shoot, does not need to use agricultural chemicals or use agricultural chemicals less, thereby the environmentally friendly yield-increasing of realization semilate rice specifically comprises:
(1) seeding and seedling raising: Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer in the rice seedling bed, execute phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer more, appropriately use fertilizer, improve the disease-resistant insect resistance capacity of the tender rice shoot of semilate rice;
(2) transplant: transplant within length of time rice seedlings grow 20-40 days, transplant density and be at least 7 * 7 cun, transplanting the paddy number is 1-2 grain paddy seedling;
(3) fertilising: at big field Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, execute phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer more, and with all fertilizer disposable having executed when the whole field of transplanting seedlings;
(4) paddy field management: shallow irrigation is taked in the rice field that has abundant water resources, and the rice field water level that the water source is good is no more than 5cm, and water source rice field water level preferably is no more than 8cm, and when semilate rice is tillered dry field repeatedly in good time;
(5) weeding: spread herbal medicine, mix heavy dose of river sand when spreading herbal medicine as far as possible.
2, require the environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of 1 described hybridization semilate rice according to power, it is characterized in that the fertilizing method in the step (3) is:
(a) winter slack field or winter cold paddy field the mu fertilizing amount: execute 10-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 50kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 15kg potash fertilizer;
(b) winter spontaneous green manure field the mu fertilizing amount: execute 0-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 50kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 15kg potash fertilizer;
(c) execute the mu fertilizing amount in phosphate fertilizer green manure field winter: execute 0-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 15-25kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 15kg potash fertilizer;
(d) the mu fertilizing amount of rape field or wheatland: execute 5-15kg nitrogenous fertilizer, execute 25-50kg phosphate fertilizer, execute 10-15kg potash fertilizer.
3, require the environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of 1 or 2 described hybridization semilate rice according to power, it is characterized in that, described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbonic hydroammonium, and described phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate or fused calcium magnesium phosphate, and described potash fertilizer is potassium sulphate or potassium chloride.
4, require the environmentally friendly yield-increasing cultivation method of 3 described hybridization semilate rice according to power, it is characterized in that, the nitrogen content of described carbonic hydroammonium is 17.1%; P in described superphosphate or the fused calcium magnesium phosphate
2O
5Content be 12%; K in described potassium sulphate or the potassium chloride
2The content of O is 50%.
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Cited By (4)
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CN105850577A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 郎溪县宏业粮油种植家庭农场 | Seedling culture soil for meridian and blood activating rice and preparation method of seedling culture soil |
CN106993498A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2017-08-01 | 湖南活力种业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of gramineae farm crop parent R1198 implantation methods |
CN107173133A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-19 | 南宁学院 | A kind of method of marshland rice cultivation |
CN109997636A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice decrement moves back cultural method |
Family Cites Families (2)
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CN100413396C (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2008-08-27 | 东北农业大学 | Optimized technique of fertilization of lagging nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice in cold farmland |
CN101080974A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | 天津市汉沽区福祥肥料加工厂 | Fertilizer application process of paddy rice in cold region |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106993498A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2017-08-01 | 湖南活力种业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of gramineae farm crop parent R1198 implantation methods |
CN105850577A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 郎溪县宏业粮油种植家庭农场 | Seedling culture soil for meridian and blood activating rice and preparation method of seedling culture soil |
CN107173133A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-19 | 南宁学院 | A kind of method of marshland rice cultivation |
CN109997636A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice decrement moves back cultural method |
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